定语、状语、补语

形容词作补语
He was found dead. 他被发现死了。 She boiled the egg hard. 她把鸡蛋煮老了。 What you said makes me angry. 你的话让我生气了。
不定式作补语
He was seen to go upstairs. 有人看见他上楼了。 Mary ask me to go with her. 玛丽叫我和她一起去。 We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
分词作补语
He came home quite sad. 他回到家时好难过。 I found the book very interesting. 我发现那本书很有趣。 We hear her singing in the garden. 我们听到她在花园里唱歌。
介词短语作补语
He came home out of humour. 他回到家时很不高兴。 Everything was in good condition. 一切都好。 Miss Liu came into the classroom with a book in hand. 刘老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。
介词短语作状语
At present about 38% of the Chinese population smoke.目前中国大约有 38%的人吸烟。 To his surprise, she criticized him instead of praising him.使他吃惊的是，她不仅 没有表扬他反而批评了他。 I'll be back in two hours. 我两小时内赶 回来。
补语
补语是一种补足主语和宾语意义的句子 成分，补足主语意义的句子成分叫做 主语补语，补足宾语意义的句子成分 叫做宾语补语。可作补语的词语有形 容词、名词、不定式、分词、介词短 语等。
名词作补语
They named the child Jimmy. 他们给孩子取名吉米。 We call him Mr.Chen. 我们叫他陈老师。 The cat is named Kitty. 那只小猫名叫Kitty.
不定式作状语
To search for gold, many people went to California. 为了找黄金，很多人到加利福尼亚去。 They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. 他们搬起石头砸了自己的脚。 The room is comfortable to live in. 这房间住起来舒服。
分词短语作状语
Working in this way, they greatly cut the cost.用这种方法，他们大大地降低了 成本。 Compared to many women, she is indeed very fortunate.和很多妇女相比，她的 确很幸运。
形容词作状语
句子作定语
句子作定语即是定语从句 She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago. 她找到了两年前丢的项链。 It happened at the time when I left the office. 这事就发生在我离开办公室之时。
形容词性物主代词作定语 What's your name,please? 请问你叫什么名字？ Whose picture is it? 这是谁的画？ This is my bag. 这是我的包。
数词作定语 We have four lessons in the morning. 我们上午上四节课。 Hainan is the second largest island of China. 海南是中国第二大海岛。 There are four apples on the table. 桌子上有四个苹果。
不定式短语作定语
不定式 不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形。 I have nothing to worry about. 我没什么好担忧的。 He gave me some books to read. 他给我一些书看。 注：不定式不能做谓语。
不定式作定语
Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么话要说吗？ There is nothing to worry about. 没什么好担心的。 I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。
分词作定语 Barking dogs seldom bite. 爱叫的狗少咬人。 Polluted air is harmful to people's health. 污染的空气对健康有害。 This is one of the houses built last year. 这是去年建造的房子中的一座。
介词短语作定语
Who is the woman with a baby in her arms? 那位抱孩子的女人是谁？ They stayed at the hotel opposite the station. 他们住在车站对面的旅馆。 The house next to the post office is my home. 邮局旁边的那座房子就是我家
状语
状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。 表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、 方式、程度等。可作状语的有：副词、 介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、 词组、复合结构、从句。
副词作状语
Speak politely.说话要有礼貌。 It is very nice of you.你真好。 Read loudly.大声读。
此外，词组、复合结构、从句也可作状语 如： I'll stay here another five months. 我将在这里再呆五个月。（词组作状语） He entered the room, his nose red with cold. 他走进房间，鼻子冻得通红。（复合结构） He asked me to stay where I was. 他要我留在原处。（从句作状语）
Leabharlann Baidu
指出划线部分的句子成分
I have a lot of work to do.（定语） （补语） He was seen to enter the office. Seeing this, some students became angry.
（状语）
He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在风雪中过了 七天，又冷又饿。 Tired and hungry, he arrived home.他到 家了，又累又饿。 Afraid of the dogs, she entered by the back door.由于怕狗，她从后门进去。
定语、状语、补语
定语 用来修饰名词或代词，可分为前置定 语和后置定语。一般由形容词、形容 词性物主代词（my、his、your、her 等）、数词、介词短语、不定式短语、 分词或句子充当。
形容词作定语 The black bike is mine. 那辆黑色的自行车是我的。 She is a beautiful girl. 她是一位漂亮的姑娘。 The tall boy is Jimmy. 那个高个的男生是Jimmy.