高中定语从句语法精讲

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高二英语定语从句知识精讲

高二英语定语从句知识精讲

高二英语定语从句【本讲主要内容】1. 定语从句的简化表达:V-ing〔doing〕;V-ed〔done〕;being done; to be done形式做定语。

2. to do放在名词后面做定语3. 在动词后面接doing还是to do【知识总结归纳】一. 某些定语从句的简化表达:请看下面几个定语从句:1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question that is being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:以上的定语从句局部可以用更加简单的形式表达出来:1. The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.2. The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3. The question being discussed is very important.4. You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.说明:修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外,还可以用doing短语,done短语,being done短语,to be done短语修饰。

其结构和意思如下:1.被修饰名词+doing短语:正在做….的人/正在发生的事。

2.被修饰名词+ done短语:被…..的人/事3.被修饰名词+being done短语:正在被…..的人/事4.被修饰名词+ to be done短语:将要被…..的人/事例句:〔1〕the boys playing in the garden〔2〕jobs wanted〔3〕a doll given by my aunt〔4〕Do you know the man talking to my sister ?〔5〕He was a short man, walking with a disproportionately long stride, which cause him to roll like a lugger making into a head wind.〔6〕Did you see that car being repaired ?〔7〕In Europe there are very few wooden houses being built today.〔8〕In a camera, the lens must be focused on the object to be photographed.〔9〕The students to attend the meeting will arrive here tomorrow.〔10〕Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.〔11〕The Yellow River, said to be “the mother river〞runs across China like a huge dragon.〔12〕No computer so far built can have the same ability as human brains.总结:以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词,不定式的各种形式作定语。

完整)高中定语从句详细讲解

完整)高中定语从句详细讲解

完整)高中定语从句详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,而引导定语从句的词叫关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that。

which。

who。

whom。

whose。

as等;关系副词有when。

where。

why等。

关系词通常有三个作用:引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

例如,句子“The man who is XXX.”中,“who”是引导定语从句的关系代词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。

因此,定语从句的作用是修饰先行词the man,进一步说明他是一位警察。

关系代词中,who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

例如,“XXX Class One.”表示正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。

例如,“Mr Liu is theperson ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.”表示XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

总之,定语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,掌握好定语从句的用法和关系词的选择,对于提高英语语言水平和应试能力都有很大的帮助。

The professor you were waiting for has arrived。

The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our class monitor.The man you just met is my old friend.XXX is a sport that most boys like。

The computer XXX.XXX。

The house by the XXX.This is the pen he XXX。

The movie they watched last night was not XXX.The number of people who visit this city each year reaches one n.Where is the man I saw this morning?The XXX me to is very kind.Summer is the season that comes after spring.XXX。

高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解一.基本概念1.定语从句的定义:用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

3.定语从句的位置:紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。

4.引导词:引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。

﹙1﹚关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词:when/where/why5.引导词的位置:位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。

【as除外】6.引导词的功能(作用):﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。

﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。

7.定语从句的类型:﹙1﹚限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。

①直接由引导词引导定语从句themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.ineedapenwithwhichicanwritealetter.=ineedapieceofpaperonwhichicanwritealetter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定,该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前,也可放在从句之尾。

例如:theman(who/whom/that)italkedaboutatthemeetingisfromb eijinguniversity.=themanaboutwhomitalkedatthemeetingisfrombeijingunive rsity.thepalace(which/that)ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcen tury.=thepalacetowhichioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定*定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。

①直接由引导词引导定语从句。

高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句全面详细讲解

高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常紧跟在先行词之后。

先行词是被定语从句修饰的词,而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that。

which。

who。

whom。

whose。

as等;关系副词有when。

where。

why 等。

关系词有三个作用:引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

例如:The man who is XXX。

这句话中,“who”是引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

例如:XXX are from Class One。

正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。

想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。

昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

That is the XXX。

那就是教我们物理的老师。

2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。

例如:Mr。

Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。

XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。

XXX正是我想要见的男孩。

The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。

你正在等的教授已经来了。

The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。

She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。

the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。

高一必修一语法定语从句全面讲解

高一必修一语法定语从句全面讲解

定语从句一.关系代词:1、who, whom, that三.辨析限制性与非限制性定语从句:1.China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.2.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 。

3.China is a country which has a long history.4.His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.5.In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.st summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year.四.限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况1.当先行词是everything, anything, nothing ,something , all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。

如:There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.All that can be done has been done.He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed. 。

注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who,如:Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。

高中英语定语从句精讲

高中英语定语从句精讲

高中英语定语从句精讲定语从句是高中阶段的重难点,大家要学会下面的语法规则,并且需要通过以后的练习来逐渐透彻掌握。

学习中肯定会遇到一些困难,不好弄懂的知识点一定要结合例句细心多看几遍。

一、定语从句基本概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose,as等。

关系副词包括where,when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。

例如:Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。

2.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

例如:The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的.注意:非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that。

四、关系代词的用法1.thatthat既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

(that作主语The coat(thatI put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that作宾语2.whichwhich用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。

高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解

高中定语从句详细讲解一、什么是定语从句?定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。

它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as, when, where等。

例句1:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.这本书是我从图书馆借来的,非常有趣。

例句2:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。

例句3:I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the party.我不知道他为什么没来参加派对的原因。

三、关系副词引导的定语从句1. 引导关系副词有:when, where, why, how等。

例句4:This is the school where I studied last year.这是我去年学习的学校。

例句5:I will never forget the day when we met for the first time.我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。

四、关系代词和关系副词的用法区别1. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,而关系副词则在定语从句中充当状语。

例句6:The girl who/that is standing there is my sister.(关系代词作主语)站在那里的那个女孩是我的妹妹。

例句7:I still remember the day when/that we went on a trip together.(关系副词作状语)我仍然记得我们一起去旅行的那一天。

五、关系代词的省略1. 当定语从句的关系代词在从句中作宾语,并且在主句中有明确的宾语时,可以省略关系代词。

高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解

高中英语定语从句全面详细讲解

定语从句一定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后.2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词.关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who,whom,whose, as等;关系副词有when,where,why等The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.注意:弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分,是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键.二关系代词引导的定语从句1。

who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way。

昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

That is the teacher who teaches us physics。

那就是教我们物理的老师。

2。

whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略,在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。

Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。

李明正是我想要见的男孩。

The professor (whom)you are waiting for has come。

你正在等的教授已经来了。

The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor。

老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。

3.which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。

Football is a game which is liked by most boys。

足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。

下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。

一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。

引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。

例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。

关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。

例如:那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。

限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

高考英语语法之从句讲义:定语从句精讲

高考英语语法之从句讲义:定语从句精讲

高考英语语法之从句讲义:定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。

定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导,关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外,还作从句的句子成分。

1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人,作定语从句的主语:This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人,作定语从句的宾语:This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物,作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词,在从句中作定语。

A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。

He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词(许多是专有名词),也可以是整个主句,它对先行词不加限定,只起附加说明作用,如果没有,也不影响句意和语法结构。

非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。

Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。

高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)

高中英语高考复习定语从句知识精讲(附练习题)

高考英语定语从句知识精讲一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略);whom 指人在从句中作宾语(作宾语时可以省略);whose 指人或物在从句中作定语;as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语;注意:指物时,whose+名词 = the+名词+of which 或 of which + the +名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as; the same…as;注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which 代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为 all, much, everything, nothing, something, anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。

★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

也可以称作引导词。

①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。

②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。

(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。

2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。

3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4. that以上三种情况均可用that。

指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。

(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。

高中定语从句语法精讲

高中定语从句语法精讲

The Relative Clause (定语从句)一.定语的概念:用来修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

例如:1. Mr. Smith is a kind man.(形容词作定语)2. Mr. Smith is a man loved by many people.(过去分词作后置定语)3. Mr. Smith is a man who is kind. (从句作定语)4. Mr. Smith is a man who is loved by many people. (从句作定语)二.定语从句的概念:如果用来修饰名词或代词的成分是一句句子(如上述例句3,4),那么该句子就是定语从句,也就是说,定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的。

三.先行词的概念: 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.四.定语从句的位置:大多数情况下,定语从句都紧跟在被修饰词后面。

五.定语从句的种类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六.限制性定语从句对先行词的修饰是限定性的,缺少了这种修饰,主句的意思就会模糊不清。

七.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开,其对先行词的修饰只是补充性的,不是必须的,如果去掉非限制性定语从句,主句的意思仍然是通顺完整的。

八.定语从句的引导词有两类:关系代词和关系副词关系代词关系副词九.关系代词用法:1 指代被修饰词,引导定语从句,且在定语从句中充当主要成分(主语,宾语,表语)。

2.3. 若关系代词在从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略。

4. 若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语, 通常可以把介词前置(即放在关系代词前),但此时,指人的关系代词只能用WHOM, 指物的关系代词只能用WHICH, 且都不能省略.5. 另外,我们也经常用以下结构来引导定语从句:6. 关系代词WHOSE 可以用来表示所属格关系,它在从句中作定语。

of which 仅可以表示物的所属关系。

7. 以下情况关系代词只能用THAT:(1) 当先行词被最高级, 序数词,the first ,the last修饰时, 关系代词应用THA T.(2) 当先行词被限定词(the only, the same, the very, little, few, no, some,all, every, any)修饰时, 关系代词应用THAT.He is the very person that I want to see.Professor Zhang is the only person that can speak five languages in our school.Mr. Smith is the most interesting man that I have ever seen.There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.That’s the same man that they asked for help the day before yesterday.You can take any book that interests you best.(3) 先行词本身是不定代词(如all, much, little, few, anything, nothing, everything, something等)时,关系代词应用THAT.There is nothing/little that I do for you.All that can be done has been done.Everything that he told me was not true.(4) 当先行词是并列先行词(即既包括人又包括物)时, 关系代词应用THA T.When they met again ten years later, they talked of persons and things that they remembered in the high school.(5)当主句是以WHO或WHICH开头的特殊疑问句,定语从句的关系代词一般用THA T:Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this?(6) 当先行词是WAY时,并且在从句中作状语时,可以用关系代词IN WHICH 或THAT 引导定语从句,或者可以省略。

高中定语从句讲解

高中定语从句讲解

高中定语从句讲解高中定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句型,用于修饰和限定名词或代词。

它由一个关系词(如that, which, who, whom, whose, where等)引导,后面跟一个从句。

定语从句可以用来提供更多的信息,以便更准确地描述一个人或物的特征、性质、状态、身份、关系等。

下面是一些关于高中定语从句的讲解要点:1. 关系代词的选择:关系代词分为主格形式(who, which, that)和宾格形式(whom, which, that)。

- 当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,使用主格形式。

- 当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,使用宾格形式。

需要注意的是,宾格形式的关系代词whom在口语中较少使用,通常可以用who代替。

2. 关系副词的选择:关系副词有where, when, why等。

它们引导的从句通常修饰地点、时间、原因等。

3. 定语从句的位置:定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,起到对其进行补充说明的作用。

例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。

)4. 关系代词和关系副词的省略:当定语从句中的关系代词在从句中作宾语,并且在主句中已经有宾语时,可以将其省略。

例如:The man (whom) I saw yesterday is a famous actor.(昨天我看到的那个人是一位著名的演员。

)5. 定语从句的否定形式:定语从句中的否定形式通常使用not引起的否定词组。

例如:I don't know the reason why he didn't come.(我不知道他没来的原因。

)6. 先行词的指代问题:定语从句中的关系词所指代的先行词通常是前面提到过的名词或代词。

需要注意的是,当先行词是不定代词时,如something, someone, anyone等,关系词通常用that代替。

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The Relative Clause (定语从句)一.定语的概念:用来修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

例如:1. Mr. Smith is a kind man.(形容词作定语)2. Mr. Smith is a man loved by many people.(过去分词作后置定语)3. Mr. Smith is a man who is kind. (从句作定语)4. Mr. Smith is a man who is loved by many people. (从句作定语)二.定语从句的概念:如果用来修饰名词或代词的成分是一句句子(如上述例句3,4),那么该句子就是定语从句,也就是说,定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的。

三.先行词的概念: 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.四.定语从句的位置:大多数情况下,定语从句都紧跟在被修饰词后面。

五.定语从句的种类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六.限制性定语从句对先行词的修饰是限定性的,缺少了这种修饰,主句的意思就会模糊不清。

七.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开,其对先行词的修饰只是补充性的,不是必须的,如果去掉非限制性定语从句,主句的意思仍然是通顺完整的。

八.定语从句的引导词有两类:关系代词和关系副词关系代词关系副词九.关系代词用法:1 指代被修饰词,引导定语从句,且在定语从句中充当主要成分(主语,宾语,表语)。

2.3. 若关系代词在从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略。

4. 若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语, 通常可以把介词前置(即放在关系代词前),但此时,指人的关系代词只能用WHOM, 指物的关系代词只能用WHICH, 且都不能省略.5. 另外,我们也经常用以下结构来引导定语从句:6. 关系代词WHOSE 可以用来表示所属格关系,它在从句中作定语。

of which 仅可以表示物的所属关系。

7. 以下情况关系代词只能用THAT:(1) 当先行词被最高级, 序数词,the first ,the last修饰时, 关系代词应用THA T.(2) 当先行词被限定词(the only, the same, the very, little, few, no, some,all, every, any)修饰时, 关系代词应用THAT.He is the very person that I want to see.Professor Zhang is the only person that can speak five languages in our school.Mr. Smith is the most interesting man that I have ever seen.There is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.That’s the same man that they asked for help the day before yesterday.You can take any book that interests you best.(3) 先行词本身是不定代词(如all, much, little, few, anything, nothing, everything, something等)时,关系代词应用THAT.There is nothing/little that I do for you.All that can be done has been done.Everything that he told me was not true.(4) 当先行词是并列先行词(即既包括人又包括物)时, 关系代词应用THA T.When they met again ten years later, they talked of persons and things that they remembered in the high school.(5)当主句是以WHO或WHICH开头的特殊疑问句,定语从句的关系代词一般用THA T:Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics doesn’t know this?(6) 当先行词是WAY时,并且在从句中作状语时,可以用关系代词IN WHICH 或THAT 引导定语从句,或者可以省略。

I don’t like the way (that)/(in which) he spoke to Miss Green.(7)当表示人的先行词在从句中做表语时,关系代词用THATHe isn’t the man that he used to be.8. that 不能引导非限制性定语从句9. 当先行词是He,anyone,those时,关系代词通常用who。

10. which 引导非限制性定语从句是,其指代关系比较灵活,可以指代主句中的一部分,也可以指代整个主句。

11. 定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持人称与数的一致:例如: He, who is a student, studies very hard.注意one of…和the only one of…短语结构其后的定语从句的谓语动词的形式:例如: She is one of the few writers who mainly write for the children.She is the only one of the few writers who mainly writes for the children.十关系副词的作用: (1)引导定语从句(2)在定语从句中作状语,表示时间, 地点,原因等常用的关系副词有: when(表示时间), where(表示地点), why(表示原因)This is the reason why he was late for the meeting.I will never forget the days when we lived in the countryside.This is the factory where Tom works.十一. 用来引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词并不是疑问词,没有任何疑问语气.十二:判断定语从句引导词的解题核心规则:1.理解句子语境,区分主句和从句;划出主句的主语和谓语动词,用括号把从句括起来。

判断并划出出先行词。

2.分析从句成分,观察先行词在从句中从当什么成分:如果先行词本身能在从句中直接做主要成分(主语,宾语或表语),则用相应的关系代词引导从句。

如果先行词必须与一个适当的介词连用后,方能在从句中充当状语成分,则用介词+关系代词引导从句;介词+关系代词若表示时间,地点或原因,则可以转化为相应的关系副词。

十三除了以上提到的关系代词和关系副词外,AS也可以用作为关系代词,其用法如下:1. as 用于限制性定语从句中,通常用于以下结构中,并且从句常采用省略形式.the same….as.. 例如I have the same feeling as you had.such….as Don’t talk about such things as you don’t understand.as…as There are as many books in this library as in that one.So…as…It is so interesting a book as we all like.not as/so…as There isn’t so much noise in the country as in big cities.More examples:I bought the same bike as Jack bought/did.Don’t read such books as is harmful to you.Kathy bought as nice a dress as Mary bought/did.There are not as/so many people in the street on weekdays as (there are) at weekends.区分The same…as…This is the same book as I lost.The same…that…This is the same book that I lost.He is the same man that robbed me of my wallet the other day.区分Such…that…: It is such an interesting book that we all like it.Such…as…It is such an interesting book as we all like.2.as引导非限制性定语从句时,通常用于一些固定短语中,且as通常解释为“正如”,as sb. know as is known to sb. as sb believe as is believedas sb expect as is expected as we can see as can be seen 例如: As is expected, all the students in our class have passed the exam.As we know now, bats come out only at night.As is known to us all, the Nile is the longest river in the world.As is believed, sports help people keep young.区分句型:As is known to all, the earth circles the sun.It is known to all that the earth circles the sun.注意比较:As 引导非限制性定语从句时,其先行词(指代对象)一定是整个句子, 且从句通常放在主句前,也可放在主句后, 也可以以插入语的形式放在句子中间;WHICH也可以用于非限制性定语从句,它的先行词可以是整个主句,也可以是主句中的一部分, WHICH引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首,但可以放在主句后,或者以插入语形式放在句中: As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen.Tom, as had been expected, won the game.The Yellow River, which flows several provinces, is the second longest river in China.His father bought him a watch, which made him very excited.He lost the game, which disappointed his coach.He bought a watch, which was made of gold.。

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