中考英语非谓语动词考点解析

中考英语非谓语动词考点解析

一．非谓语动词的概念

非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。

例如：

He likes English very much.

He wants to play football.

She likes playing the piano.

I find the ground covered by fallen leaves.

二．谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：

1)谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。

Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语）

Mr. Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.

（to have a talk.... 不定式作状语）

2)谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。Mike likes the pop music. （动词用单数第三人称形式）

Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形）

三．非谓语动词在中考中的考点

1、非谓语动词作宾语

动词不定式和动名词，都可以作为动词或介词的宾语，主要有下面四种类型。

1）一些动词后面只能跟动词不定式作宾语，这类常动词经常作为考点的有want,hope,wish,decide,expect等。例如：

He decided____at the end of this month.

A.To leave

B.going back

C.travel

D.not start at

2）一些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，主要有enjoy,finish,practise,keep,miss,mind 等。如：

The retired couple enjoy______photos.

A.take

B.took

C.to take

D.taking

3）有些动词后面呢，既可以跟不定式，还可以跟动名词，但意义上是有区别的，这类动词常考的有stop,try,forget,remember等。例如：

----Dad, why must I stop _____computer games?

----For your health, my boy.

A.play

B. to play

C. to playing

D. playing

4）一些固定的词组后面接动名词作宾语，考查热点有：look forward to,feel like,be busy,do well in,be good at,make a contribution to等。例如：

----I’m looking forward to ____my parents soon. What about you ?

----Me too.

A.seeing

B. see

C. seen

D. saw

2.非谓语动词作主语

可以做主语的有不定式和动名词两种形式。动名词作主语，通常放在句首，谓语动词用单数形式。不定式作主语一般放在句末，用it来作形式主语。大家可以参考下面的例题及分析。

Our English teacher often says to us, “_________English is very important.”

A.Learn

B.learning

C.to learn

D. to learning

It takes me two hours ______the piano every day.

A.play

B. playing

C. to play

D.played

3、非谓语动词作定语

不定式，动名词和分词都可以作定语，它们的区别在于时态意义和语态意义。When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place ____.

A.to llive

B. to live in

C. living in

Who’s th e boy in white T-shirt______under the tree? “My friend”.

A.stand

B. to stand

C.standing

D.stood

4、非谓语动词作状语

能作状语的非谓语动词有不定式，现在分词和过去分词。不定式短语在句首作目的状语，在句子末尾作原因状语，结果状语。现在分词短语在句首经常做原因状

语，时间状语，条件状语，在句子末尾，经常作方式状语，伴随状语，也可以做结果状语，中考经常考查，不定式作状语，很少考分词作状语。

Paul made a nice cage _____the little sick bird till it could fly.

A.keep

B.kept

C.keeping

D.to keep

She’s not strong enough _____walking up mountains.

A.to go

B.going

C.go

D. went

5、非谓语动词作宾语补足语

能作宾语补足语的有不定式和分词，用哪一种非谓语动词形式，取决于前面的句型和不同的非谓语动词所表示的意义，主要有以下三种类型。

1）后面带to的不定式作宾语补足的动词主要有ask,tell,want,teach,wish,help,want,

invite,encourage等。

----What are you going to do when you grow up?

----A singer, but my parents wish me_____a teacher.

A.am

B.to be

C.will be

D.be

使役动词，感官动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，这类动词主要有：feel, hear, let,have, make, see, watch, notice等。

He lost his key.It made him _____in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.

A.to stay

B.stayed

C.stays

D.stay

不定式和分词作宾语补足语所表达的意义不同。不定式表动作经常发生或发生的全过程，而现在分词表示动作正在发生或进行。

When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ____Chinese Taiji.

A.do

B. did

C.doing

D.are doing

6、疑问词加动词不定式

不定式与疑问词连用，在句子当中作主语，宾语和表语。能接不定式的疑问词有：what,which,how,who,when,where等。例句解析如下：

Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。