英语中八大基本成分和五大基本句型

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英语的八大句型结构

英语的八大句型结构

英语的八大句型结构
英语中常见的八大句型结构包括:
1. 主+谓,这是最基本的句型结构,由主语和谓语组成,例如,“I study.”。

2. 主+谓+宾,在这种句型中,除了主语和谓语外,还包括一个
宾语,例如,“She reads a book.”。

3. 主+谓+宾+宾,这种句型结构包括一个直接宾语和一个间接
宾语,例如,“He gave me a present.”。

4. 主+系+表,这种句型结构包括主语、系动词和表语,例如,“She is happy.”。

5. 主+谓+宾+宾补,除了主语、谓语和宾语外,还包括宾语补语,例如,“I consider him my best friend.”。

6. 主+谓+宾+宾补+宾补,这种句型结构包括主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补语和第二个宾语补语,例如,“They appointed him
chairman.”。

7. There be 句型,这种句型结构以“There”开头,后面跟着be动词和主语,例如,“There is a cat on the table.”。

8. 主+谓+宾+宾补+定语,这种句型结构包括主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补语和定语,例如,“I find the movie very interesting.”。

这些句型结构覆盖了英语中常见的句子形式,掌握这些句型能
够帮助学习者更好地理解和运用英语语法。

希望这些信息能对你有
所帮助。

高考英语八大句子成分和五个基本句型课件(共20张PPT)

高考英语八大句子成分和五个基本句型课件(共20张PPT)
only bones 结果状语 6. The students came into the classroom, singing and
dancing. 伴随状语 7. If he goes, so will I .条件状语 8. Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
介词短语
4. I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式 5. I saw him going upstairs. 现在分词 doing 6. They found the house broken in. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
• 在这类结构中最常用的系动词是: _“__变__化__”__类_g_:e_t/_b_e_c_o_m_e_/_t_u_r_n_/g_r_o_w_/g_o_________________. _“_感__官__”__类__: _ta_s_te_/_s_m_e_l_l/_f_ee_l_/l_o_o_k_/s_o_u_n_d_______________. “持续”类: ___________s_ta_y_/_k_e_e_p_/r_e_m_a_i_n___________________. 其他:(似乎)___S_e_e_m__a_p_p_e_a_r__ (证明是)_________
8. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 句子
(四)宾语 表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者。 宾语一般放在__动_词_/_动_词_短_语___之后。__介_词__词后也 会跟宾语。
1. She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n 2. We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron 3. Do you mind opening the window?动名词 4. Give me four please. 代词和数词 5. He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式 6. We need know what others are doing. 句子 7. We should care more about our friends.

句子成分类型及五大基本句型

句子成分类型及五大基本句型

初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习句子成分&五种基本句型I【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads Eniglish every day. (代词作主语)(3)Swimming is my favorite sport.(动名词作主语)(4)To have a bridge is their dream .(不定式作主语)(5)What we learn is very useful. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。

谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。

谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

如:His parents are teachers. (系动词作谓语)We work hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We like listening to the music.我们喜欢听音乐。

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型

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一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
•I heard my name called.
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状语
• 状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发 生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词, 介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当, 也可由从句来充当.
He did it carefully.
He studied very hard.
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• 1.主语:主语是在句子中说明全句 中心主题的部分.一般由名词,代词, 不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位 置一般在句首.
The girl is pretty.
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
句子成分

基本句型
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什么是句子?
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的,是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位.句子的第

最新初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型

最新初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型

初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型句子的成分句子是由词按一定语法结构组成的,能表达一个完整的概念的语言单位。

句子的开头第一个字母必须要大写,结尾要有句号“.”,问号“?”或感叹号“!”。

一、句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。

句子成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子主体部分(在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语)。

表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。

其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。

下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分:1 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。

一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

它在句首。

We study in No.1 Middle School.(讲述“谁”~)我们在一中学习。

The classroom is very clean.(讲述“什么”很干净)这间教室很干净。

Three were absent.(数词作主语)三个人缺席。

To teach them English is my job.(不定式作主语)教他们英语是我的工作。

注意不定式作主语时,常用形式主语it句型,因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English.(真正的主语是to teach them English.)2 谓语说明主语“做什么”,“是什么”或“怎么样”。

谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须用动词。

谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。

它在主语后面。

His Parents are doctors.(系动词和表语一起作谓语)他的父母亲是医生。

She looks well.(系动词和表语一起作谓语)她看起来气色(面色)很好。

We study hard.(实义动词作谓语)我们努力学习。

We have finished reading the book.(助动词和实义动词一起作谓语)我们已经看完了这本书。

英语句子成分及五种简单句

英语句子成分及五种简单句

4. They │talked for half an hour.
5. The pen │writes smoothly
此句型的句子有一个共同特点, 即句子的谓语动词 都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。
如: 1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. So they had to travel by air or boat. 3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus. 4. She sat there alone, reading a novel. 5. He came back when we were eating. 6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
系动词后的表语可以是名词、代词、数词、形容 词、分词、动名词、不定式、副词、介词短语、 词组、从句,系动词be可用于上述所有情况。
The news was surprising.(分词) His job is teaching English.(动名词) The only method is to give the child more help. (不定式) I must be off now.(副词) The bridge is under construction.(介词短语) That would be a great weight off my mind. (词组) This is why he was late.(从句)

高考英语八大句子成分和五个基本句型课件(共20张PPT)

高考英语八大句子成分和五个基本句型课件(共20张PPT)
3. 他许诺给我一个礼物。 _H_e_p_r_om__is_e_d_to__gi_v_e _m_e_a_g_if_t_. ___________.
4.主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
1)He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语
谓语 宾语 表语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事
说明主语做什么,是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象 与联系动词连用,一起构成谓 语,说明主语的性质或特征
名,代,数,不定 式,动名词,短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
同主语 同主语
We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
三)表语 它的位置在 ___系__动_词_、_连__系_动_词___之后。是用来说明主 语的__性_质____,__特_征___, __状_态____的.
1. My father is a professor. 名词 n
2. Who's that? It's me. 代词 pron
3. Everything here is expensive. 形容词 adj
句子构成
• 句子是写作的基本单位,只有写好句子才 有可能写好文章。英语的句子成分有八种:
主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、 定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。 英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律,掌握了句子 的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配, 就能写出完整、正确的句子。
3. 这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。 _T_h_e_h_o_t _d_ay__w_ill_r_e_m_a_in_/s_t_ay_/_k_ee_p_a_f_e_w_d_a_y_s.______.

英语的句子成分及五大基本句型

英语的句子成分及五大基本句型
6
整理课件
宾语:宾语是行为动作的对象,一般为动词宾语,充当宾语的 可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。
如: I like it. 我喜欢它。 I like Chinese food. 我喜欢中国菜。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 He certainly did not want to join them. 他确实不想参加他们的活动。 We hoped that all would come well. 我们希望一切都会好转。
7
表语:说明主语的身份和情况。(跟在系动词后。)一般由名词、 形容词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动词ing形式、过去分词、 副词、介词短语、名词从句充当。
如:
Hale Waihona Puke Time is money.
They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。
整理课件
What I want to say is this. 我想说的就是这点。
This dog is frightening. 这条狗令人害怕。(说明狗的特征)
This dog is frightened. 这条狗有些害怕。(说明狗的状态)
The sun is up.太阳升起来了。
This is what he said.这就是他所说的话。
8
定语:定语为句子的次要成分,起修饰限制名词或代词的作用,
The teacher left. 老师离开了。 All the children laughed. 所有的孩子都笑了。
整理课件
基本句型二:S+V+P.(主+系+表) 这种句型结构主要指谓 语动词为连系动词的情况。

英语地基语法--10大词类8大成分5大句型3大构词法

英语地基语法--10大词类8大成分5大句型3大构词法

英语基础语法知识第一节十大词类一、词类能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词。

根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类(parts of speech)。

英语的词通常分为十大类,即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。

现分别叙述如下:(一)名词名词(noun)是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

例如:foreigner外国人 soap 肥皂Newton牛顿law 法律freedom自由peace和平英语名词可分为两大类:1.普通名词(common noun)是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。

例如:teacher教师 market市场rice大米magazine杂志sound声音production生产2.专有名词(proper noun)是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。

专有名词的第一个字母必须大写。

例如:Hemingway海明威 Russia 俄罗斯New York 纽约 United Nations联合国名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun)与不可数名词(uncountable noun)两种。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s或-es。

例如:shop→shops商店 bus→buses 公共汽车 library→libraries图书馆toy→toys玩具leaf→leaves树叶英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的。

例如:man→men男人tooth→teeth牙齿datum→data数据有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则,请参阅有关的英语语法书。

(二)冠词冠词(article)放在名词之前,帮助说明该名词所指的对象。

冠词分为不定冠词(indefinite article)和定冠词(definite article)两种。

不定冠词为a/an,用在单数名词之前,表示某一类人或事物的“一个”。

a用在以辅音开头的名词之前,an用在以元音开头的名词之前。

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型
英语句子成分主要有:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。

以下是英语基本句型的介绍:
1. 主语+ 谓语(不及物动词):这种句型中的谓语动词是不及物动词,后面不跟宾语,但可以跟副词、介词短语等状语作谓语的补足语。

例如:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。


2. 主语+ 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语:这种句型中的谓语动词是及物动词,后面必须跟宾语,表示动作的承受者或结果。

宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词等。

例如:I love music.(我喜欢音乐。


3. 主语+ 系动词+ 表语:这种句型中的谓语动词是系动词,后面跟表语,表示主语的性质、状态或特征。

表语可以是名词、形容词、介词短语等。

例如:She is a beautiful girl.(她是一个漂亮的女孩。


4. 主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语:这种句型中的谓语动词可以同时跟两个宾语,其中一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语。

间接宾语表示动作的受益者,直接宾语表示动作的承受者。

例如:Please give me a book.(请给我一本书。


5. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语:这种句型中的谓语动词后面跟一个宾语,再跟一个宾语补足语,对宾语的性质、状态或特征进行补充说明。

例如:We found him in the park.(我们发现他在公园里。


以上是英语的基本句型,通过这些基本句型可以组合成各种复杂的句子。

一、英语句子成分及五种基本句型

一、英语句子成分及五种基本句型

什么是状语?
状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时 间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。 一般由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由 从句来充当. 状语在句子中的位置很灵活:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句 首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点 、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首.
什么可以作宾语?
I like fruits.
名词
Everybody knows her.
代词
数词
---How many chairs do you want? ---I want four. We should help the old and the injured.
名词化的形容词
什么可以作宾语?
定语: 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子. 形容词,代词,数词,名词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,分词,从 句都可以充当定语. 定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。 若修饰some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词时,如:something 、nothing, 或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常 置后。
主语从句及复合结构
什么是谓语?
谓语:说明主语做了什么,是什么,怎么样 。 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 通常由动词的各种形式来充当,并且和主语 在人称和数上保持一致,一般放在主语之后. We study English. The little girl dances well. He laughed at his classmates. She looks well.
基本句型4: 主+谓+间宾+直宾
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give,pass, bring,show。 这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物, 为直接宾语。 一般的顺序为:动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 如:Give me a cup of tea, please. 强调间接宾语顺序为:动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语 如:Show this house to Mr.Smith.

八大成分和五大基本句型

八大成分和五大基本句型

授课内容上课时间:年月日时分至时分共小时英语八大句子成分英语的基本成分有八种:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、同位语1.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

1)During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)2)We often speak English in class.(代词)3)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)4)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)5)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)6)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)7)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)8)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)2.谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:1)简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:He practices running every morning.2)复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He hascaught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。

八大成分和五大基本句型

八大成分和五大基本句型
The great change happened in the city.
The machine works smoothly.
They stopped to take a short rest.
He is standing by the window.
He runs quickly.
They listened carefully.
Theymade the girl angry.
They found her happy that day.
He found his new job rather boring.
I saw him in.
They named the boy Charlie.
They called their daughter Mary.
He made it a rule to go jogging every morning.
I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
They saw a foot mark in the sand.
I saw himcomein and go out.
You must keep healthy.
This kind of cloth feels soft.
Her face turns red.
The flower smells sweet.
The day gets longer and longer.
He is older than he looks.
He's warned me of the danger.
The doctor has cured him of his disease.

英语句子成分及简单句的五种基本句型

英语句子成分及简单句的五种基本句型

A
13
双宾语
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语: 直接宾语(Direct Object)和间接宾语 (Indirect Object), 称为双宾语. 这两个宾语往往一个指人(一般为间接宾语), 另一个指物(一般为直接宾语).
He gave me a book.
间接宾语
直接宾语
A
14
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。有时为了强调间 接宾语,也可以将直接宾语放在间接宾语之前,要借助于介
A
23
c. 动名词 Our school is going to build a
swimming pool.
d. 分词短语或动词不定式短语 She is reading an interesting
book. I have no pen to write with.
A
24
e. 介词短语或副词
I haven’t got the solution to the problem.
( IO )( DO)
She bought a beautiful dress for me.
此类常见动词:buy, cook, get, make, sing等。
A
15
注意: 如果直接宾语是人称代词, 则间接宾语 必须后置, 并在其前加上介词to或for.
Here’s your report. Don’t forget to show it to your parents.
e.c. 数词
f. This prize is for you two.
g.d. 从句
h. I had no idea that you were
here.
A
32

八大句子成分和五个基本句型

八大句子成分和五个基本句型
This is a red sun. He is a tall boy. I bought an English-Chinese dictionary.

5)状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词 或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。 The students study hard. I often write to him. I sleep at night. He sat there.

6)表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。 一般由名词或者形容词担任。一般与连系 动词构成系表结构。
This table is long. Her face turned red. The rubbish smells terrible.


4. S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 1. She │ordered│herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳. 2. I│ showed│ him│ my pictures. 我给他看 我的照片. 3. He │bought│you│a dictionary.他给 你买了一本字典.
(主+谓+宾) (主+谓+宾+宾补)
基本句型四: S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
1. S + Vi. (主+谓)
1. The sun│was shining. 太阳在照耀着. 2. The moon│rose. 月亮升起了.

2. S + Lv + P (主+系+表) 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.

英语五种基本句型与八大时态

英语五种基本句型与八大时态

英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一: S V (主+谓)基本句型二: S V P (主+谓+表)基本句型三: S V O (主+谓+宾)基本句型四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五; S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)八大时态一、一般现在时:1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

6.例句:. It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般过去时:1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

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1英语的基本成分主语主语是句子叙述或动作的主体,表示句子说的是"什么人"或“什么事”。

主语可以由这些词类或形式来担任:名词、代词、名词化了的动词(动名词)、数词等。

主语最常见的是由名词、动名词担任。

Mr lee is a well-known scientists.He reads newspapers everyday.Smoking is harmful to the health.To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.谓语谓语是对主语动作或所处的状态,指出主语“做什么”“是什么”。

谓语动词的位置一般在主语之后。

谓语一般由简单谓语或复合谓语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成。

简单谓语:主要由实义动词充当。

I like walking.我喜欢走路。

Mary eats cakes.复合谓语,可分为两种情况:第一种是由情态动词,助动词+动词构成的复合谓语:I can sing that song.我能唱那首歌I will not do it again. 我不会再做它(指这件事it one more time")。

I’ll go and move away the bag 我会移走这个袋子的。

I have read that book. 我已经看了那本书。

第二种是由连系动词+表语:一般系动词后面的成份叫做表语像am 、is、are等后面(时态不限),而表语可以由名词词、名词性短语或名词性从句还有形容词、形容词性短语或句子构成。

She is beautiful.I am a doctor.宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的承受者。

宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。

英语的及物动词后必须有宾语。

宾语一般放及物动词之后,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。

宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语这两个宾语称为“双宾语”。

Jack lends me a bookMy brother gives me a presents.He drinks a bottle of coke.表语表语就是放在系动词后面,说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。

表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。

表语常由名词、形容词从句来充当,My father is a doctor.He is always careless.His work is teaching FrenchAll the students are on the playground定语指用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的词、短语或句子。

主要有形容词来充当,此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、定语从句。

汉语中常表示为“…..的”Lucy is a beautiful girl. (形容词)Mary is a chemistry teacher. (名词)He is our friend. (物主代词)Jim is the third child of his family. (数词)The man over there is my old friend. (介词短语)The work to be done is very important. (不定式)状语指用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全局的词、短语或句子。

从情况、时间、处所、方式、条件、对象、肯定、否定、范围和程度等方面对谓语中心词进行修饰或限制。

He is very handsome. (程度)On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom.(时间)I need time to do my homework.( 目的)If I am free, I will play with you. (条件)补足语用来说明宾语或者主语的性质,状态。

宾补:在宾语后面补充或说明宾语的动作,状态,特征。

We will make them happy.I will have my bike repaired.Please make yourself at home.同位语指在名词或代词之后,对其做进一步解释或解释,在语法上处于同等地位。

名词、代词、数词都可做同位语。

We all are students。

(all 是we的同位语,都指同样的“我们”)We students should study hard.(students 是we 的同位语,都指同一批学生)2 五大基本句型掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

1主语+谓语(不及物动词)The sun rose.The bus comes.Who cares?2主语+系动词+表语句子中系动词不能表达一个完整的意思,后面必须加上表明主语身份或状态的表语构成系表结构才能表达完整的意思。

目前我们学到的系动词主要是Be动词,be动词本身没什么意义,只起联系主语和谓语的作用。

She is a doctor.Mary is beautiful.I am a businessman.3主语+谓语+宾语这里的谓语都是有实际意义的及物动词,而且必须接宾语,才能使意思完整。

I like reading.She drinks water.David knows that man.4主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,直接宾语指物—动作的承受着,间接宾语指人—动作的受益人。

这样的动词不多,常用的有give/pass/bring/show/lendMarry gives me a bag.Please pass me the salt.My father brings me a cake.My friends lend me a computer.所有的这种句型可以把直接宾语提到谓语后面,换成:marry gives a bag to me/my father brings a cake to me。

5主语+谓语+宾语+宾补宾补是对宾语的补充说明,宾语与宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,如果没有宾补,则句子意思不够完整。

The sun keeps us warmI see him sing.We call him jackGary make me cry.练习:一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1. The students get on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. Marry is a beautiful girl.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came here.13. we students don’t like this teacher.14. Do you have a basketball?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It's great! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents.四、选择填空:( )1. ____ will leave for Beijing.A. Now there the manB. The man here nowC. The man who is here nowD. The man is here now( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and coldB. is wet and coldC. not wet and coldD. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweetsB. sweetlyC. nicelyD. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. latelyB. lateC. latestD. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. deadB. diedC. dyedD. deaded( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, usB. Us, weC. We, ourD. We, we( )7. He found the street much ______.A. crowdB. crowdingC. crowdedD. crowdedly( ) 8.I think _____necessary to learn English well.A. itsB. itC. thatD. that is( ) 9. The dog ____ mad.A. looksB. is lookedC. is being lookedD. was looked( )10.I will never forget the day ______ I joined the army.A. thatB. whenC. in whichD. where。

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