风景园林术语翻译解析

风景园林是一个历史悠久、不断发展而又错综复杂的行业。

Landscape architecture is a long-established, continuously developing andcomplicated tr ade.园林学 landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture造园学 garden making, landscape garden-ing环境园艺学 environmental horticulture观赏园艺学 ornamental horticulture园林艺术 garden art园林美学 garden aesthetics园林建筑学 garden architecture园林建筑 garden building园林工程 garden engineering园林植物 landscape plant观赏植物 ornamental plant盆景 miniature landscape, penjing园林 garden and park园林学史 history of garden architecture园林规划 garden planning, landscaping planning园林设计 garden design园林机具设备gardening machine园林管理 garden management园林生态 landscape ecology绿化 greening, planting环境绿化 environmental greening绿地面积 green area绿地率 ratio of green space城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing街道绿化 street greening, street planting车行道绿化driveway greening分车带绿化dividing stripe greening人行道绿化sidewalk greening群众绿化 mass planting movement郊区绿化 suburban greening公路绿化 highway greening铁路绿化 railway greening, railway planting堤岸种植 bank planting阳台绿化 balcony greening窗台绿化 window-sill greening屋顶绿化 roof greening垂直绿化 vertical greening攀缘绿化 climber greening桥头绿化 bridgehead greening花园 garden专类花园 specified flower garden花园村 garden village园林城市 landscape garden city蔷薇园 rose garden松柏园 conifer garden球根园 bulb garden宿根园 perennial garden假山园 rock garden, Chinese rockery狩猎场 hunting ground街心花园 street crossing center garden小游园 petty street garden水景园 water garden铺地园 paved garden野趣园 wild plants botanical garden野生植物园wild plants garden乡趣园 rustic garden盆景园 penjing garden, miniature land-scape 动物园 zoo, zoological garden墓园 cemetery garden沼泽园 bog and marsh garden水生植物园aquatic plants garden学校园 school garden室内花园 indoor garden芳香花园 fragrant garden盲人花园 garden for the blind公园 park, public park城市公园 city park, urban park区公园 regional park儿童公园 children park体育公园 sports park森林公园 forest park纪念公园 memorial park烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park综合公园 comprehensive park文化公园 cultural park文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park中央公园 central park天然公园 natural park海滨公园 seaside park, seabeach park古迹公园 historic site park河滨公园 riverside park湖滨公园 lakeside park路边公园 roadside park, street park娱乐公园 amusement park雕塑公园 sculpture park休憩公园 recreation park疗养公园 sanatorium park国家公园 national park邻里公园 neighborhood park特种公园 special park植物园 botanical garden植物公园 abeled plants park高山植物园 alpine garden热带植物园 tropical plants garden药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden绿地 green space公共绿地 public green space单位绿地 unit green area城市绿地 urban green space街道广场绿地street and square green area居住区绿地 residential quarter green area防护绿地 green area for environmental protection 郊区绿地 suburban green space街坊绿地 residential block green belt附属绿地 attached green space生产绿地 productive plantation area苗圃 nursery风景 landscape, scenery自然景观 natural landscape人文景观 human landscape, scenery of humanities 草原景观 prairie landscape山岳景观 mountain landscape, alpine landscape地理景观 geographical landscape湖泊景观 lake view郊区景观 suburban landscape地质景观 geological landscape喀斯特景观 karst landscape植物景观 plants landscape, flora landscape中国古典园林classical Chinese garden中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden中国山水园 Chinese mountain and water garden帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden皇家园林 royal garden私家园林 private garden江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta西方古典园林 western classical garden英国式园林 English style garden中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林 Italian style garden西班牙式园林 Spanish style garden法兰西式园林 French style garden勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre's style garden文艺复兴庄园 Renaissance style villa洛可可式园林 Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林 Baroque style garden圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林 Suzhou traditional garden悬园 Hanging Garden英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 凡尔赛宫苑 Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园 Fontainebleau Palace Garden园林艺术景 view, scenery, feature远景 distant view近景 nearby view障景 obstructive scenery, blocking view借景 borrowed scenery, view borrowing对景 opposite scenery, view in opposite place缩景 miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景 leaking through scenery框景 enframed scenery尾景 terminal feature主景 main feature副景 secondary feature配景 objective view夹景 vista line, vista前景 front view背景 background景序 order of sceneries景点 feature spot, view spot仰视景观 upward landscape俯视景观 downward landscape季相景观 seasonal phenomena气象景观 meteorological diversity scenery视野 visual field秋色fall color, autumn color园林空间 garden space开敞空间 wide open space, wide space动观 in-motion viewing静观 in-position viewing视错觉 visual illusion园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden对称平衡 symmetrical balance不对称平衡asymmetrical balance左右对称 bilateral symmetry辐射对称 radial symmetry透景线 perspective line轴线 axis, axial line主轴 main axis副轴 auxiliary axis暗轴 hidden axis, invisible axis树冠线 skyline园林色彩艺术 art of garden colors单色谐调 monochromatic harmony复色谐调 compound chromatic harmony对比色突出 contrast colors accent近似色谐调 approximate colors harmony暖色 warm color冷色 cool color色感 color sense城市绿地系统规划 urban green space system planning 绿地系统 green space system公共绿地定额 public green space quota公共绿地指标 public green space norm绿地布局 green space layout吸引圈 attractive circle吸引距离 attractive distance有效半径 effective radius绿地资源 green space resource绿地效果 green space effect绿地规划程序 planning procedure of the green space 空间规划 space planning形象规划 image plan实施规划 implementary plan必要生活空间 necessary living space块状绿地 green plot点状绿地 green spot放射状绿地 radiate green space公园规划 park planning园林总体规划 garden master planning总平面规划 site planning园林分区 garden zoning安静休息区 tranquil rest area儿童活动区 children playing space儿童游戏场 children playground, playlot体育运动区 sports activities area野餐区 picnic place散步区 pedestrian space群众集会区mass meeting square观赏植物区ornamental plants area观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 草坪区 lawn space绿荫区 shade tree section历史古迹区 historical relics area青少年活动区 youngsters activities area诱鸟区 bird sanctuary area钓鱼区 fishing center野营区 camp site游人中心 visitors center服务中心 service center探险游乐场 adventure ground文化活动区 cultural activities area道路系统 approach system, road system环形道路系统 circular road system方格形道路系统 latticed road system放射形道路系统 radiate road system自然式道路系统 informal road system规整式道路系统 formal road system混合式道路系统 mixed style road system园林规划图 garden planning map园林规划说明书 garden planning direction城市公园系统 urban park system公园分布 distribution of parks公园类型 park type, park category公园间距 distance between parks公园形式 park styles游览区 excursion area, open-to-public area非游览区 no-admittance area办公区 administrative area服务区 service center动休息区 dynamic rest space静休息区 static rest space娱乐演出区 entertaining performance place主要入口 main entrance次要入口 secondary entrance人流量 visitors flowrate车流量 vehicle flowrate公园道路 park road公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio游人容纳量 visitors capacity风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation风景学 scenicology风景规划 landscape plan风景设计 landscape design游览路线 touring route旅游资源 tourism resource旅游地理 tourism geography旅游地质 tourism geology历史名城 famous historical city文化名城 famous cultural city文化遗址 ancient cultural relic天然博物馆 natural open museum风景地貌 natural geomorphology造型地貌 imaginative geomorphologic figuration风景区 scenic spot, scenic area风景名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs高山风景区 alpine scenic spot海滨风景区 seabeach scenic spot森林风景区 forest scenic spot高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot峡谷风景区 valley scenic spot江河风景区 river landscape district湖泊风景区 lake round scenic spot温泉风景区 hot spring scenic spot瀑布风景区 waterfall scenic spot禁伐禁猎区 region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 封山育林区 region closed for afforestation天池风景区 crater lake scenic spot自然保护区 nature protection area科学保护区 protection area for scientific research天然纪念物 natural monument生物圈保护区 biosphere protection area园林设计园林设计师 landscape architect, garden designer园址测量图 garden site survey map地形图 topographic map, contour map种植设计 planting design园林形式 garden style规整式园林 formal garden style非规整园林 informal garden style几何式园林 geometric garden style自然式园林 natural garden style混合式园林 mixed garden style园林区划 garden area division园林分区规划 garden block planning宅园 home garden台地园 terrace garden冬园 winter garden切花园 cut flower garden屋顶花园 roof garden后花园 back yard garden园林地形改造 topographical reform of garden 土山 earth piled hill, artificial mound假山 rockery, artificial rockwork太湖石 Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 黄石 yellowish brown stone人造假山石 artificial stone, man-made stone 假山石楼梯 rock stairway石亭 stone pavilion石洞 stone cavern石窟 grotto置石 stone arrangement, stone layout拱石 arch stone拱顶石 key stone园林水景 water scenes of garden水体 water body水面 water surface水池 pool水塘 pond喷泉 fountain喷水池 fountain pool涉水池 wading pool倒影池 mirror pool, reflecting pool睡莲池 water-lily pool隐头喷泉 secret fountain岛园 Island garden半岛园 peninsula garden小岛 isle瀑布 waterfall小瀑布 cascade湖 lake水帘洞 water curtain cave园桥 garden bridge拱桥 arch bridge石板桥 stone slab bridge木板桥 plank bridge圆木桥 log bridge亭桥 pavilion bridge曲桥 zigzag bridge壁泉 wall fountain饮水喷头 drinking fountain植物配植 plant arrangement树木配植 arrangement of trees and shrubs 群植 group planting, mass planting孤植 specimen planting, isolated planting 丛植 clump planting组植 group planting林植 forest planting列植 linear planting对植 opposite planting, coupled planting 环植 circular planting带植 belt planting散植 scattered planting, loose planting 边缘种植 edge planting边界种植 boundary planting整形种植 architectural planting基础种植 foundation planting角隅种植 corner planting景框种植 planting as enframent门卫种植 guard planting篱恒种植 fence planting障景种植 screen planting背景种植 background planting林下种植 underwood planting路边种植 roadside planting园景树 specimen tree风景林 amenity forest, ornamental forest 行道树 avenue tree, street tree高篱 high hedge沟中边篱 hah-hah fence图案矮篱 pattern dwarf hedge迷宫绿篱 labyrinth hedge整剪绿篱 clipped hedge自然式花篱 natural flowering hedge边篱 boundary fence园篱 garden fence, garden hedge纯林 pure forest混交林 mixed forest林间隙地 open space in woodland杂木林 spinney树冠覆盖面 tree canopy草坪 lawn整形草坪 formal lawn开花草坪 flowering lawn牧场草坪 meadowy land花坛 flower bed路边花坛 roadside flower bed带状花坛 ribbon flower bed时钟花坛 flower clock盆栽花坛 potted flower bed, basined flower bed高设花台 raised flower bed毛毡花坛 carpet bed镶嵌花坛 mosaic bed铺石花坛 paved bed灌木花坛 shrub bed图案花坛群 parterre草药花坛 herbaceous flower bed花结花坛 knot bed整形花坛 formal flower bed灌木花境 shrub border混合花境 mixed border园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 漫步路 trail, footway林荫路 mall林荫大道 boulevard花园路 parkway林间小道 path in woodland种植池 planting bed传统园林建筑 traditional garden building凉亭 summer shelter活树亭 arbor, tent arbor蘑菇亭 mushroom pavilion茅亭 thatched pavilion竹亭 bamboo pavilion茶亭 tea booth, tea kiosk扶手栏杆 handrail坐凳栏杆 seat rail石碑 stone tablet, stele园林露天剧场 open garden theater园林露天舞池 open garden dancing place露天音乐台 outdoor music stand园林小品 small garden ornaments磁砖壁画 painted tile mural tablet园椅 garden chair, garden seat园凳 garden bench园桌 garden table园灯 garden lamp日规 sundial鸟浴 bird bath鸟舍 bird cottage, nestle box鸟笼 bird cage, bird coop悬篮 hanging basket树棚 living-tree pergola花架 pergola园林施工 garden layout, garden construction种植工程 planting engineering观赏树木 ornamental tree and shrub观叶植物 foliage plant观果植物 fruit-effect plant观枝干植物 plants with ornamental trunks and branches 指示植物 indicating plant主景植物 accent plant耐湿植物 damp tolerant plant抗风植物 wind-resistant plant耐盐碱植物 saline-alkali tolerant plant市花 city flower市树 city tree国花 national flower国树 national tree芳香植物 fragrant plant抗污染植物 pollution resistant plant环保植物 environment protecting plant高山植物 alpine plant岩生植物 rock plant攀缘植物 climbing plant, climber地被植物 ground cover plant阴生植物 shade plant装饰植物 decorative plant装缘植物 edging plant绿蓠植物 hedge plant草坪植物 lawn plant, lawn grass花坛植物 bedding plant球根植物 bulbous plant宿根植物 perennial plant, perennial水生植物 aquatic plant, hydrophyte旱生植物 xerophyte沼泽植物 bog plant, swamp plant室内装饰植物 indoor decorative plant, house plant 切花 cut flower垂枝植物 pendulous plant, weeping plant缠绕植物 twiner, twinning plant针叶植物 needle-leaved plant阔叶植物 broad-leaved plant斑叶植物 variegate-leaved plant松柏植物 conifer常绿植物 evergreen plant半常绿植物 semi-evergreen plant不耐寒植物 tender plant半耐寒植物 half-hardy plant耐寒植物 hardy plant耐旱植物 drought enduring plant山石材料 stone material昆山石 Kunshan stone钟乳石 stalactite灵壁石 Lingbi stone英德石 Yingde stone青石 Qing stone宣石 Xuan stone房山石 Fangshan stone观赏动物 ornamental animal观赏鸟类 ornamental bird观赏兽类 ornamental beast观赏昆虫类 ornamental insect园林机具设备园林机械 garden machine园林工具 garden instrument, garden implement园林设备 garden equipment花坛分界隔板 plastic bed divider种植容器 planting container圆木桩 log peg喷射装置 jet bubbler滴灌 trickle irrigator, drip irrigator环动喷灌器 circle sprinkler圆筒喷灌器 rotor sprinkler自控器 automatic controller管端喷灌器 hose end sprinkler固定喷灌器 stationary sprinkler喷雾喷灌器 mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler喷灌覆盖面 sprinkler coverage草坪加肥器 lawn feeder施肥喷灌器 combined feeder and sprinkler液肥混合调配器 liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner滴水喷头 emitter, dripper水土保持塑料网 erosion control plastic net苗木包装材料nursery stock package material麻布袋 burlap bag铁丝篮 wire basket篮状种植器 basket container塑料苗木桶 plastic nurserican播种盘 seed tray网孔盆 mesh pot含肥泥炭盆 fertile peat pot盆栽机 potting machine换盆机 repotting machine再生纸种植器 reclaimed paper container纤维育苗器 wood fiber plant grower泥炭压制播种饼 peat seeding pellet, peat seeding starter 松土除草机 cultivator旋转锄 rotary hoe切叶机 foliage cutter翻地犁 uncovering plough盖土机 mounted spreader前悬装土机 front mounted loader后缀装土机 rear mounted loader旋轴剪草机 spindle mower栽植机 planting machine植物覆盖 plant mulching覆盖物分散机 mulch spreader种子液肥喷洒机 hydro seeder修枝剪 pruning shear播种器 garden seeder球根种植器 bulb planter土壤酸度探测器 pH-value computer巴效分析器 fertilizer analyzer嫁接刀 grafting knife温室设备 greenhouse equipment盆栽灌水系统 pot watering system温室气候控制器 greenhouse climate controller温室覆盖 greenhouse covering喷雾自控系统 automatic mist control system二氧化碳发生器 C02 generator温度报警钟 temperature alarm游览车 park sightseeing bus引剪草机 lawn mower动力剪草机 power lawnmower畜力剪草机 horse lawnmower手推剪草机 hand lawnmower游人调查 visitors investigation游人统计 visitors statistics游人分析 garden visitors analysis游人管理 visitors management导游图 tourist map导游解说 tour description and direction劳动管理 labour management物资管理 material handling, goods handling设备管理 equipment management, facility management财务管理 financial management安全管理 safety management环境监测 environmental monitor植物养护管理 plant maintenance and management园林技术管理 garden technical management质量管理 quality management园貌维修 garden feature maintenance植物整形修剪 plant trimming and pruning植物病虫防治 disease and insect control园林管理规划 management plan游人意见处理 treatment of visitors opinions游人规则 visitors regulation园内交通管理 traffic control in park园外交通管理 traffic control out of park entrance汽车停车规则 parking rules自行车停放规则 bicycle parking rules开放时间 opening time日常清洁卫生管理 daily sanitation and hygiene management 人类生态环境 human ecological environment自然系统 natural system自然资源 natural resource自然保护 conservation of nature自然保存 natural preservation环境保护 environmental protection环境容量 environment capacity环境适宜性 environment fitness环境空气质量标准 ambient air quality共生 symbiosis互惠共生 mutualism公害 public nuisance生态绝灭 ecological extinction生态系统 ecosystem生态圈 ecosphere生态灾难 ecological disaster环境质量 environmental quality环境压力 environment stress生命维持系统 life-support system反馈系统 feedback system自养生物 autotroph异养生物 heterotroph食物链 foodchain生物圈 biosphere濒危植物 endangered plant, threatened plant 主体群落 major community人工群落 artificial community绿色革命 green revolution户外娱乐资源 outdoor recreation resource原始环境系统 wilderness environment system近代环境系统 modern environment system乡村生活模式 country life-pattern烟害 smoke pollution, fume pollution雾害 fog pollution霜害 frost injury水污染 water pollution土壤污染 soil pollution, soil contamination 园林小气候 garden microclimate环境保护植物 environmental conservation plant 引气候调节 climatic regulation自动调节机能 homeostasis生态平衡 ecological homeostasis森林生态系统 forest ecosystem草原生态系统 prairie ecosystem滞尘植物 dust holding plant。