英语重点语法知识点课件

高考语法知识点

一、深层语法

注意下面这些容易淡忘的硬性法则，有些甚至是打破常规的特殊规定，做题时千万千万别忘了：

1．冠词

①表示众多同类事物中的一个时名词即使带了修饰语也用不定冠词。★★

Eg: While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made a discovery which completely changed man’s understanding of color.

②表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词带上修饰语后改用不定冠词。★★

Eg: When the spaceship traveled above, a new-looking earth appeared before us, an earth that we had never seen before.

②元音因素（注意：不是字母是音素）开头的单词前用an,反之，辅音因素开头的单词前用a. ★

Eg: a university, a useful book, a “u”, an “e/f/h/i/l/m/n/o/r/s/x”, an interesting story, an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an 800-metre bridge.

④序数词前用不定冠词表示“又一”“再一”之意

Eg: My teacher asked me to copy the article a second time.

⑤形容词最高级前用不定冠词表示“极其”之意。

2.代词、形容词和副词

① enough修饰形容词或副词时要后置；形容词修饰不定代词时要后置。

Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way easily enough to the Home Circle Building. (2006)

②能够修饰比较级的程度副词：。。。一点点，稍微：a little, a bit, slightly, any; 。。。得多：many, much, a lot, a great deal, far, by far, greatly; 甚至更。。。：even，all the, still, yet.

③形容词可以作状语。★★★

United, we can make it.

He fell to the ground, dead.

④注意几组特殊副词的意义及用法差别:

a.原意和抽象比喻意义上的差别,即前者用于可测量的较具体的事物,后者用于一种难以测量的抽象的比喻义.deep深地/deeply深深地; wide宽大地/widely广泛地; near近地/nearly很接近地,几乎; close近地/closely密切地; most极其/mostly主要地; ★★

The player can jump really high, so we all speak highly of him.

b.有无-ly意义大不同:dead完全地,绝对地/deadly极其地; pretty 相当/prettily漂亮地; late迟地/lately最近; hard努力地/hardly 几乎不;

He works hard in school while his brother hardly ever reads a book.

3. 情态动词和系动词

I．★情态动词有以下特别用法：

①can可表示“有时候会”。★

Eg: The monkeys look sweet, but they can be very naughty. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the world wide wait because it can be very slow.

②must可表示“硬要，偏偏”。

Eg: ---How old are you, madam? ----If you must know, I’m twice my son’s age.

③shall可用于一、三人称疑问句表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。★★

Eg: ---Shall he come to see you? ---I’d rather he didn’t.

Shall也可用于二、三人称陈述句中表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁或法规。★★★

Eg: ---What does the sign over here read?

----No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.

④should可表示“按理说应该”。★★

Eg: ---When can I call for my TV set? ----It should be ready this afternoon.

should也可表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊异、不能理解等，译

作“竟然；居然”。

Eg: You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady.

⑤ will可表示现在经常或习惯性的行为，译作“常常”。过去的习惯性行为用would.

Eg: He will go to the park every day after supper.

will还可表示即时决定。★

Eg:---John was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.

---Oh, really? I didn’t know. I will visit her.

----Did you tell him the good news?

----Oh, no. I forgot. I will call him now.

⑥must have done只用于肯定句；can’t have done；may/might have done不用于疑问句。★

II．系动词有以下硬性规定：

①go多与负面意思的形容词连用；还特别用于可立即逆转的颜色变化，如交通灯。

②turn用于表示达到某一年龄或超过某一时间。还可表“成为”，此时后面直接接名词，即名词前不能加任何冠词. ★

③ make后接名词表示具有成为某种人的潜质。如：He can make a good teacher。

④感观动词既可作系动词也可作实义动词，应注意从语义上来区别和