一般现在时的“被动语态”
初中英语语法——一般现在时的被动语态
现在，初中阶段淡化了语法的学习，但是语法还是很重要的，因为现在的语法考查一般都融入到文段中了，来的是综合性练习，这其实是要你有一定的语法基础的，所以不重视语法的学习你就没有了做题的基础。
下面就让我带你全面认识一般现在时的被动语态。
一、构成被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。
其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be 的不同形式表现出来的。
一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为'am/is/are+过去分词'。
示例（1）This jacket is made of cotton.这件短上衣是棉料的。
（2）Many trees are planted by us every year.我们每年种许多树。
典例二、句式结构肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by...）.否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词（+by...）.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词（+by...）?示例（1）English is spoken by many people.许多人说英语。
（2）English is not spoken by many people.并不是很多人说英语。
（3）Is english spoken by many people.许多人说英语吗？典例三、用法（1）当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时，用被动语态。
示例：The flowers are watered every morning.这些花每天早上浇水。
（2）需要突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。
动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
示例：The new teacher is liked by all the students.新老师被所有学生喜爱。
（3）表示“据说，据报道，人们相信”等，常用“It is+过去分词+that从句”句型。
示例：It is reported that a rainstorm is coming its way.据报道，一场暴风雨就要来了。
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态被动语态是英语中的一个重要语法结构，用来描述动作的承受者或受事者。
在一般现在时中，被动语态的构造是由“be”动词（am/is/are）和动词的过去分词组成。
一般现在时的被动语态用来表达一种普遍性的动作，即在现在时发生的动作。
在一般现在时的被动语态中，动作的执行者通常是不明确的或不重要的。
一般现在时的被动语态由以下结构构成：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他成分例如：The book is read by me.（这本书被我读了。
）The car is washed by him.（这辆车被他洗了。
）在一般现在时的被动语态中，变化的部分是“am/is/are”，其实际形式取决于主语的人称和数。
过去分词保持不变。
例如：I am invited to the party.（我被邀请参加派对。
）You are chosen as the winner.（你被选为获胜者。
）He is praised for his achievements.（他因其成就而受到赞扬。
）We are called by our parents.（我们被父母叫了。
）They are informed about the meeting.（他们被通知有关会议的事情。
）一般现在时的被动语态可以用于各种不同的情境。
以下是一些常见的用法示例：1. 描述普遍真理或客观事实：被动语态常用于描述普遍真理或广义的事实。
例如：English is spoken all over the world.（英语在全球范围内被使用。
）Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.（水由氢和氧组成。
）2. 强调动作的对象：被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者，而非执行者。
例如：The cake was eaten by the children.（蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
）The letter was written by my sister.（信被我妹妹写了。
一般现在时的被动语态
第08讲一般现在时的被动语态1.掌握一般现在时的被动语态的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。
1.一般现在时的被动语态①一般现在时的被动语态的构成:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。
This knife is made of wood and metal.这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。
These bananas are produced in Hainan.这些香蕉产于海南。
①一般现在时的主动语态改写成被动语态的方法:将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”，将主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语(或省略)。
主动句:主语+谓语+宾语被动句:主语+am/i/are+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语Many middle school students play football.主语谓语宾语Football is played by many middle school students.许多中学生踢足球。
口诀:宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done 时不变注意：如果主动句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)，可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态)我的老师给我许多书。
主语谓语间宾直宾被动语态:（1）I am given a lot of books by my teacher.（2）A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.2.一般现在时被动语态的句式变化肯定句：主语+am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词+（by...）+其他Eg:The kite is made by Mary.这个风筝是玛丽做的。
否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+及物动词的过去分词+（by...）+其他Eg:The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。
一般现在时被动语态
被动语态一般现在时的被动语态,其主要结构为:★主语(动作接受者) + is / am / are + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) Football is played in most countries in the world.被动语态的句型总结如下:肯定句:主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by ).The boy is called Jack.否定句:主语 + be not+ 过去分词 + (by ).The baby is not looked after by his father.一般疑问句:Be +主语 + 过去分词 + (byIs King Lear written by Shakespeare?特殊疑问句:特殊疑词+ be + 过去分词 + (byWhat is this kind of sweater made of?★被动语态的用法:(1)要表达“被…” 、“受…”、“让…”、“遭…”之类的语义.The teachers are well respected.The child is well loved by people.(2)强调动作承受者.He is known far and wide.他远近闻名.(3)不知道式没有必要指出动作的执行者.The room is cleaned every day.房子每天都有人打扫.(4)为礼貌起见避免提及动作执行者.I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself?我是否可以做自我介绍?【练习】I.选择1. The streets ______ many times every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. cleanedD. are cleaned2. The music is very loud and it can ______ from a long way away.A. be heardB. is heardC. hearD. heard3. Mr. Smith has a loud voice. His voice can ______ clearly even in that big classroom.A. hearB. be heardC. be hearingD. have heard4. —Now computers ______ everywhere.—I agree with you. I think they are the most useful inventions in the world.A. are usingB. useC. are usedD. will use5.The whole China ______ to tears by Cairen Danzhou（才仁旦舟）, the youngest volunteer and hero in Yushu，Qinghai Province.A. moveB. movesC. is movingD. is moved6. It is true that knowledge ______ instead of being taught. A. learns B. learned C. is learned D. was learned7. These photos ______ on the Great Wall last week.A. were takenB. tookC. takeD. are taken8. —Can you read this letter for me?—Sorry. It ______ in French. I can’t read it.A. writesB. wroteC. is writtenD. is writing9. Our school ______ 20 years ago.A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built10. A talk on the history of the Great Wall ______ in the school hall next week.A. givesB. gaveC. will be givenD. is givenII.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态(否定句)
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态（否定句）
介绍
一般现在时的被动语态用于描述动作的承受者，而不强调动作
的执行者。
在否定句中，我们使用助动词"be"的否定形式"am/are/is not"加上动词的过去分词形式来构成被动语态。
构成
否定句的一般现在时被动语态的构成形式如下：
主语 + 助动词 "am/are/is not" + 过去分词形式的动词
例子
以下是一些例子，展示了一般现在时被动语态在否定句中的使用：
1. The report is not written by me.（这份报告不是由我写的。
）
2. The cake is not made by her.（这个蛋糕不是她做的。
）
3. The document is not signed by the manager.（这份文件不是经
理签署的。
）
4. The problem is not solved by the team.（这个问题不是团队解决的。
）
注意事项
在一般现在时的被动语态中，动词的过去分词形式不随主语的单复数而变化。
助动词"be"的形式根据主语的单复数以及第三人称的情况而定。
总结
一般现在时的被动语态在否定句中的构成形式为主语 + 助动词"am/are/is not" + 过去分词形式的动词。
使用被动语态可以突出动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
在使用时要注意不同主语的单复数和第三人称的变化。
以上是对一般现在时的被动语态在否定句中的简要介绍。
一般现在时的被动语态
例题解析：
1.They sell the fridge at a low price.
step:1 主语 谓语 宾语
step2：找出谓语 动词的过去式及过 去分词：sell-soldsold
step3：将主动语态 改为被动语态
The fridge is sold by them at a low price
We are advised not to go out alone by our parents.
一般现在时态被动语 态结构： am/is/are+done
Thanks for listening!
Байду номын сангаас
微课
一般现在时态的被 动语态
一般现在时的被动语态 (Passive Voice)
结构: am / are / is +动词的过去分词
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤:
1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变 而变化。 3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注: 不需要则可省略)
一般现在时态被动语 态结构： am/is/are+done
2、Our parents advise us not to go out alone.
step:1 主语
谓语 宾语
step2：找出谓语 动词的过去式及过 去分词：adviseadvised-advised
step3：将主动语态 改为被动语态
一般现在时被动语态
15.拜访／参观某人／某地 16 参观．．． 17 正在参观．． 18 某人的第．．．参观 19 进行参观 20 在１８世纪９０年代 21 在她４０岁的时候 22 很久以前 23 不久 24 被．．．覆盖 25 26 27
练习 1. 变被动语态
1. The nurse looked after those children very well. Those children were looked after very well by the nurse. 2. We can see no stars in the day-time. No stars can be seen in the day-time by us. 3. The largest number of people speak English in the world. English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 4. Changchun produces nice cars. Nice cars are produced in Changchun. 5. We must plant many trees every year. Many trees must be planted by us every year.
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态1. 什么是一般现在时的被动语态？一般现在时的被动语态是英语中描述现在时态下被动动作和状态的语法结构。
在一般现在时的被动语态中，主语是动作的接受者，而不是动作的执行者。
被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者或者不强调动作的执行者。
2. 构成一般现在时的被动语态的方式一般现在时的被动语态的构成方式如下：* 陈述句：be动词（am/is/are）+ 过去分词* 否定句：be动词（am/is/are）+ not + 过去分词* 疑问句：be动词（am/is/are）+ 主语 + 过去分词2.1 例句以下是一些例句，用于演示一般现在时的被动语态的构成方式：* The book is read by students.（被学生们阅读。
）* The food is cooked by the chef.（被厨师烹饪。
）* The report is written by Jane.（被简写的报道。
）2.2 第三人称单数的被动语态在一般现在时的被动语态中，如果主语是第三人称单数，则需要使用动词的第三人称单数形式，并加上be动词（is/are）。
例如：* The letter is sent by him.（被他寄出。
）* The car is driven by John.（被约翰开车。
）2.3 直陈疑问句和否定句的变化直陈疑问句和否定句在一般现在时的被动语态中的变化如下：* 直陈疑问句：把be动词（am/is/are）提前到句子开头。
* Are the books read by students?（书是被学生读的吗？）* Is the food cooked by the chef?（食物是被厨师烹饪的吗？）* 否定句：在be动词后加上not。
* The book is not read by students.（书不是被学生读的。
）* The food is not cooked by the chef.（食物不是被厨师烹饪的。
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态【概念】（1）一般现在时的被动语态：表示习惯性，经常性或者反复出现的被动动作．（2）被动语态：被动语态（passive voice）是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系．英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态．主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者．被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态．汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义．被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成．（3）及物动词：在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可以把动词分成两种：及物动词与不及物动词．字典里词后标有vt．的就是及物动词，字典里词后标有vi．的就是不及物动词．不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语），若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to，of，at后方可跟上宾语．及物动词可直接跟宾语．【结构】一般现在时的被动语态结构形式：主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词．①助动词am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+（by+宾语），其中by意为"被…；由…"，表动作的执行者．如：The plants in his garden are watered by the gardener every day．花园里的植物每天被园丁浇水．②其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样．如：The plants in his garden are watered by the gardener every day（肯定式）．The plants in his garden are not watered by the gardener every day．（否定式）Are the plants in his garden watered by the gardener every day？（疑问式）Yes，they are．/No，they aren't．【用法】（1）一般现在时态，在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动。
七种被动语态形式
七种被动语态形式1) 一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are+ 过去分词)如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般过去时的被动语态(was/were+ 过去分词)如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall + be + 过去分词或+ be going to + be + 过去分词)如: The work will be finished soon.4) 现在进行时的被动语态(is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态(have/has +been + 过去分词)如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 带情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+ be + 过去分词)如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式(to be + 过去分词)如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.现在完成时的被动语态其构成是: have/has been + done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,。
如：1. The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。
现在完成时:表示从过去持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去的动作，往往和表示一段时间的状语（for+一段时间，since…, ）等连用，或用于how long 句型中1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。
各种时态的被动语态
各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成：1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。
This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。
These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。
2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如：The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。
Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。
3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如：We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。
My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。
4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如：The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。
He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。
5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如：The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。
The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。
一般现在时的被动语态
The local government organizes the film feቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱtival every autumn.( 改为被动语态)
The film festival ______ ______ by the local government every autumn.
一般现在时：
am/ is/ are+ 过去分词（+ by 短语 ）
Trees are planted by us every year.
我们每年都植树。
English isn’t spoken by people here.
这里的人不说英语。
主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.将主动语态的宾语作被动语态 的主语
一般现在时的被动语态
• 语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子 中主语和谓语动词的关系。 • • 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，
• 被动态表示主语是动作的承受着者。
被动语态的构成
被动语态是由”be + 过去分词”构成的，如果 需要强调动作或行为的执行者，在其后 接”by……. “意为“被……”这里的be是助动 词，必须与主语的人称和数保持一致，并 且有时态的变化。
2. 谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，并通过 be的变化来表示不同的时态
3. 主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组 成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之 后（有时by短语可以省略）
My grandmother waters flowers everyday.
主语
谓语动词 宾语 其他
Flowers are watered ( by my grandmother ) everyday.
七种被动语态形式
注意:
1.副词的位置
often, usually, always, never, hardly,seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
如:I have never been to Beijing.
.2.并不是所有动词都有被动语态
1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如：[误] Great changes have been takenplace in China since 1978.
3)一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall + be +过去分词或+ be going to + be +过去分词)
如: The work will be finished soon.
4)现在进行时的被动语态(is/am/are + being+过去分词)
如: The bridge is now being constructed.
他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?
现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句:疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ done
1.What has been bought by Tom.汤姆已经买了什么东西?
2.Where has the car been repaired?这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?
The Present ProgressivPassive Voice
脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.
五种常用时态的被动语态
五种常用时态的被动语态：1)一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are + doneThe house is cleaned by my mother every morning．我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。
2)一般过去时的被动语态：was／were + doneI was beaten by someone last night．我昨晚被人打了。
3)一般将来时的被动语态：will be + doneThis boy will be expelled from the football team tomorrow．这个男孩明天将被开除出足球队。
4)完成时的被动语态：has／have／had been + doneNew Concept English has been translated into many languages．《新概念英语》已经被翻译成了许多种语言。
5)进行时的被动语态：be being + doneMy bicycle is being repaired by a garage．我的自行车正在一家修理厂里维修。
标题Not for jazz总结for的用法：1)为：I bought a book for you．我为你买了一本书。
2)因为：Something fell in，for I heard a splash．一定有东西掉下去了，因为我听见扑通一声。
4)适合：Not for jazz=It's not suitable to play jazz on the clavichord．古钢琴不适合演奏爵士乐。
Question：What happened to the clavichord?to后面加宾语，表示其身上发生了什么事，即动作的目标、对象。
What happened to you?你怎么了?(在你身上发生了什么事?)(1)否定句与疑问句的被动语态We don’t believe her．我们不信她的话。
一般现在时被动语态
构成和语法规则
一般现在时被动语态的构成为："be" 的不同形式 + 过去分词。例：am/is/are + 过去分词。
肯定句和否定句形式
肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词。 否定句：主语 + am not/is not/are not + 过去分词。
疑问句形式和回答
疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 + ? 回答：Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am not/is not/are not.
一般现在时被动语态
一般现在时被动语态用于描述在现在发生的动作或事情对于主语是被动的情 况。这个语态在英语学习中非常重要。
定义和结构
一般现在时被动语态是由助动词"be"的不同形式和主动语态的动词的过去分 词构成。
Hale Waihona Puke 用法和意义一般现在时被动语态用于强调动作的接受者，而不是执行者。它通常用于科 学、新闻报道或普通陈述句中。
常见时间状语和特殊情况
常见时间状语：often, usually, always, sometimes 等。 特殊情况：当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要加上-s 或 -es。
练习和例句
练习：将下列动词改写成一般现在时被动语态，并填入空白处。1. They (not use) this room often. 2. The cake (make) by my mom every Sunday. 例句：The book is often read by children.
一般现在时的被动语态
⼀般现在时的被动语态⼀般现在时的被动语态【例句】1. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.2. Workers are needed very much here.3. This English song is not often sung by us.4. Is your grandpa taken care of by that nurse?5. When are trees often planted?【探秘】★⼀般现在时的被动语态表⽰经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语(动作承受者)+ is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by + 动作执⾏者)”构成，常与now, every day, often, usually, always, never等连⽤。
温馨提⽰：判断该不该⽤被动语态主要看主语是否为谓语动词所表⽰的动作的承受者。
★⼀般现在时的被动语态句型变换紧紧扣住助动词is，am或are进⾏：否定句在is，am 或are后⾯加not；⼀般疑问句将is，am 或are提⾄句⾸。
⼀般过去时和⼀般将来时的被动语态【例句】1. Those novels were written by Mo Yan.2. The window wasn’t broken by Jim.3. Was the bridge started last month?4. Mary will be given a gold medal.5. The machine won’t be checked today.6. Will the classroom be decorated before the festival?7. A basketball match is going to be held this Saturday.8. These trees are not going to be cut down.9. Is the wall going to be painted by the workers?【探秘】1. 通过例句1~3可以看出，⼀般过去时被动语态的结构为“主语 + was / were + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by + 动作执⾏者)”；否定句是在was / were后加not；⼀般疑问句将was / were 提前。
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一般现在时的“被动语态”
英语中有主动语态和被动语态之分。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受着。
如果我们不知道谁是动作的执行者或需要强调动作的承受者时，就必须用被动语态。
一般现在时主动语态变被动语态的方法
例：我们每天打扫教室。
主动语态：We clean our classroom every day.
主语谓语宾语
被动语态：Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.
主语谓语宾语
【说明】主动语态变被动语态一般分四步：1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2）将主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构，即“助动词be的各种时态形式+ 及物动词的过去分词”；3）将主动语态中的主语放在介词by后，by短语通常位于被动谓语结构之后；4）主动语态中的时间或地点状语等在被动语态中不变。
一般现在时被动语态的否定、疑问形式
一般现在时的被动语态中有助动词am, is, are,
故其否定式是在am, is, are后加not；一般疑问句形式是将am, is, are提到句首；特殊疑问句形式是疑问词+ 一般疑问句。
如：
【肯定句】The desk is made by him.
【否定句】The desk is not made by him.
【一般疑问句】Is the desk made by him?
Yes, it is. (No, it isn’t.)
【特殊疑问句】Where is the desk made by him?
下面的几种情况用被动语态
1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时。
如：
Silk is produced in Suzhou. 苏州出产丝绸。
2. 当没有必要说明谁是动作的执行者时。
如：
Colour TV sets are sold in that shop. 那个商店出售彩电。
3. 强调说明动作的承受者时。
如：
These bicycles are made in China. 这些自行车是中国制造的。
【温馨提示】如果需要说明动作的执行者时，由介词by引出。
如：
This coat is made by her mother.这件大衣是她妈妈做的。
被动语态三注意
在主动语态变被动语态时，初学者常犯的错误有：
1. 误用人称代词
例：Jim often sees us.
【误】Us are often seen (by Jim).
【正】We are often seen (by Jim).
【析】主动语态的宾语是人称代词时，在变被动语态时要用其对应的主格形式。
2. 误用过去式代替过去分词
例：My father gives me ten yuan every week.
【误】I am gave ten yuan (by my father) every week.
【正】I am given ten yuan(by my father) every week.
【析】注意不规则动词的过去式与过去分词不一致的情况。
3. 混淆主、被动谓语结构
例：Does he do a lot of work every day?
【误】Does a lot of work done (by him) every day?
【正】Is a lot of work done (by him) every day?
【析】不要把主、被动谓语结构混为一谈，尤
其在否定句、疑问句中。