一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态被动语态是英语中的一个重要语法结构,用来描述动作的承受者或受事者。
在一般现在时中,被动语态的构造是由“be”动词(am/is/are)和动词的过去分词组成。
一般现在时的被动语态用来表达一种普遍性的动作,即在现在时发生的动作。
在一般现在时的被动语态中,动作的执行者通常是不明确的或不重要的。
一般现在时的被动语态由以下结构构成:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他成分例如:The book is read by me.(这本书被我读了。
)The car is washed by him.(这辆车被他洗了。
)在一般现在时的被动语态中,变化的部分是“am/is/are”,其实际形式取决于主语的人称和数。
过去分词保持不变。
例如:I am invited to the party.(我被邀请参加派对。
)You are chosen as the winner.(你被选为获胜者。
)He is praised for his achievements.(他因其成就而受到赞扬。
)We are called by our parents.(我们被父母叫了。
)They are informed about the meeting.(他们被通知有关会议的事情。
)一般现在时的被动语态可以用于各种不同的情境。
以下是一些常见的用法示例:1. 描述普遍真理或客观事实:被动语态常用于描述普遍真理或广义的事实。
例如:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全球范围内被使用。
)Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.(水由氢和氧组成。
)2. 强调动作的对象:被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者,而非执行者。
例如:The cake was eaten by the children.(蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
)The letter was written by my sister.(信被我妹妹写了。
一般现在时的被动语态
第08讲一般现在时的被动语态1.掌握一般现在时的被动语态的基本构成及重点用法;2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。
1.一般现在时的被动语态①一般现在时的被动语态的构成:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。
This knife is made of wood and metal.这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。
These bananas are produced in Hainan.这些香蕉产于海南。
①一般现在时的主动语态改写成被动语态的方法:将主动句的宾语变成主语,将主动句的谓语变成“am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词”,将主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语(或省略)。
主动句:主语+谓语+宾语被动句:主语+am/i/are+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语Many middle school students play football.主语谓语宾语Football is played by many middle school students.许多中学生踢足球。
口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done 时不变注意:如果主动句中有两个宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。
My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态)我的老师给我许多书。
主语谓语间宾直宾被动语态:(1)I am given a lot of books by my teacher.(2)A lot of books are given to me by my teacher.2.一般现在时被动语态的句式变化肯定句:主语+am/is/are +及物动词的过去分词+(by...)+其他Eg:The kite is made by Mary.这个风筝是玛丽做的。
否定句:主语+am/is/are +not+及物动词的过去分词+(by...)+其他Eg:The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个风筝不是玛丽做的。
一般现在时被动语态
被动语态一般现在时的被动语态,其主要结构为:★主语(动作接受者) + is / am / are + 动词的过去分词+ (by+ 动作执行者) Football is played in most countries in the world.被动语态的句型总结如下:肯定句:主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by ).The boy is called Jack.否定句:主语 + be not+ 过去分词 + (by ).The baby is not looked after by his father.一般疑问句:Be +主语 + 过去分词 + (byIs King Lear written by Shakespeare?特殊疑问句:特殊疑词+ be + 过去分词 + (byWhat is this kind of sweater made of?★被动语态的用法:(1)要表达“被…” 、“受…”、“让…”、“遭…”之类的语义.The teachers are well respected.The child is well loved by people.(2)强调动作承受者.He is known far and wide.他远近闻名.(3)不知道式没有必要指出动作的执行者.The room is cleaned every day.房子每天都有人打扫.(4)为礼貌起见避免提及动作执行者.I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself?我是否可以做自我介绍?【练习】I.选择1. The streets ______ many times every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. cleanedD. are cleaned2. The music is very loud and it can ______ from a long way away.A. be heardB. is heardC. hearD. heard3. Mr. Smith has a loud voice. His voice can ______ clearly even in that big classroom.A. hearB. be heardC. be hearingD. have heard4. —Now computers ______ everywhere.—I agree with you. I think they are the most useful inventions in the world.A. are usingB. useC. are usedD. will use5.The whole China ______ to tears by Cairen Danzhou(才仁旦舟), the youngest volunteer and hero in Yushu,Qinghai Province.A. moveB. movesC. is movingD. is moved6. It is true that knowledge ______ instead of being taught. A. learns B. learned C. is learned D. was learned7. These photos ______ on the Great Wall last week.A. were takenB. tookC. takeD. are taken8. —Can you read this letter for me?—Sorry. It ______ in French. I can’t read it.A. writesB. wroteC. is writtenD. is writing9. Our school ______ 20 years ago.A. built B. builds C. is built D. was built10. A talk on the history of the Great Wall ______ in the school hall next week.A. givesB. gaveC. will be givenD. is givenII.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
一般现在时的被动语态知识点
一般现在时的被动语态知识点一、一般现在时被动语态的构成。
1. 肯定句。
- 结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。
- 例如:- The book is written by him.(这本书是他写的。
)其中,the book是主语,is written是一般现在时的被动语态结构,write的过去分词是written,by him表示动作的执行者。
- I am often asked to help others.(我经常被要求去帮助别人。
)这里,I 是主语,am asked是被动语态结构,ask的过去分词是asked。
- They are given a lot of homework every day.(他们每天被布置很多家庭作业。
)they是主语,are given是被动语态结构,give的过去分词是given。
2. 否定句。
- 结构为“am/is/are + not+过去分词”。
- 例如:- The window isn't broken by the boy.(窗户不是那个男孩打破的。
)- I am not told the news.(我没有被告知这个消息。
)- They are not allowed to go out at night.(他们不被允许在晚上出去。
)3. 一般疑问句。
- 结构为“Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+(by...)?”- 例如:- Is the letter sent by her?(这封信是她寄的吗?)- Are you often invited to the party?(你经常被邀请参加聚会吗?)- Am I given a chance?(我被给予一个机会吗?)4. 特殊疑问句。
- 结构为“特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词+(by...)?”- 例如:- What is made in this factory?(这个工厂生产什么?)- Who are you taught by?(谁教你们?)- How is the work done?(这项工作是如何完成的?)二、一般现在时被动语态的用法。
一般现在时的被动语态
例题解析:
1.They sell the fridge at a low price.
step:1 主语 谓语 宾语
step2:找出谓语 动词的过去式及过 去分词:sell-soldsold
step3:将主动语态 改为被动语态
The fridge is sold by them at a low price
We are advised not to go out alone by our parents.
一般现在时态被动语 态结构: am/is/are+done
Thanks for listening!
Байду номын сангаас
微课
一般现在时态的被 动语态
一般现在时的被动语态 (Passive Voice)
结构: am / are / is +动词的过去分词
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤:
1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。
2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变 而变化。 3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注: 不需要则可省略)
一般现在时态被动语 态结构: am/is/are+done
2、Our parents advise us not to go out alone.
step:1 主语
谓语 宾语
step2:找出谓语 动词的过去式及过 去分词:adviseadvised-advised
step3:将主动语态 改为被动语态
被动语态的10种时态形式
被动语态的10种时态形式一、一般现在时的被动语态:被动语态的一般现在时表示主语在现在时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:be + done。
例如:1. The book is read by me.(这本书被我阅读。
)2. The door is locked by him.(门被他锁上了。
)二、一般过去时的被动语态:被动语态的一般过去时表示主语在过去时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were + done。
例如:1. The cake was eaten by them.(蛋糕被他们吃掉了。
)2. The letter was written by me.(信被我写了。
)三、一般将来时的被动语态:被动语态的一般将来时表示主语在将来时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:will be + done。
例如:1. The report will be sent by her.(报告将会被她发送。
)2. The package will be delivered tomorrow.(包裹将在明天被送达。
)四、现在进行时的被动语态:被动语态的现在进行时表示主语在现在进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:am/is/are being + done。
例如:1. The car is being washed by the workers.(汽车正在被工人清洗。
)2. The project is being discussed by the team.(项目正在被团队讨论。
)五、过去进行时的被动语态:被动语态的过去进行时表示主语在过去进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were being + done。
例如:1. The house was being renovated last month.(房子上个月正在进行装修。
)2. The document was being translated by the intern.(文件正在被实习生翻译。
一般现在时被动语态
15.拜访/参观某人/某地 16 参观... 17 正在参观.. 18 某人的第...参观 19 进行参观 20 在18世纪90年代 21 在她40岁的时候 22 很久以前 23 不久 24 被...覆盖 25 26 27
练习 1. 变被动语态
1. The nurse looked after those children very well. Those children were looked after very well by the nurse. 2. We can see no stars in the day-time. No stars can be seen in the day-time by us. 3. The largest number of people speak English in the world. English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world. 4. Changchun produces nice cars. Nice cars are produced in Changchun. 5. We must plant many trees every year. Many trees must be planted by us every year.
被动语态的九种结构
被动语态的九种结构被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的承受者或对象,而不是执行者。
以下是被动语态的九种常见结构:1.一般现在时的被动语态:be + 过去分词例句:The letter is written by Tom.(这封信是汤姆写的。
)2.一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词例句:The book was published last year.(这本书是去年出版的。
)3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词例句:The project will be completed by next month.(这个项目将在下个月完成。
)4.现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are being + 过去分词例句:The house is being decorated by the workers.(这栋房子正在被工人们装饰。
)5.过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词例句:The car was being repaired when I arrived.(我到达时,汽车正在被修理。
)6.现在完成时的被动语态:has/have been + 过去分词例句:The movie has been watched by millions of people.(这部电影已经被数百万人观看过。
)7.过去完成时的被动语态:had been + 过去分词例句:The assignment had been submitted before the deadline.(作业已在截止日期之前提交。
)8.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词 + be + 过去分词例句:The proposal should be considered carefully.(这个提案应该被认真考虑。
)9.进行时的情态动词被动语态:情态动词 + be + being + 过去分词例句:The problem must be being discussed by the team.(这个问题一定正在团队中被讨论。
七种被动语态形式
七种被动语态形式1) 一般现在时的被动语态(am/is/are+ 过去分词)如: The work is done during two days.2) 一般过去时的被动语态(was/were+ 过去分词)如: He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.3) 一般将来时的被动语态(will/shall + be + 过去分词或+ be going to + be + 过去分词)如: The work will be finished soon.4) 现在进行时的被动语态(is/am/are + being+ 过去分词)如: The bridge is now being constructed.5) 现在完成时的被动语态(have/has +been + 过去分词)如: The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.6) 带情态动词的被动语态(情态动词+ be + 过去分词)如: This can be done in a few minutes.7) 动词不定式的被动式(to be + 过去分词)如: It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.现在完成时的被动语态其构成是: have/has been + done现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响,。
如:1. The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服都已经洗了。
2. The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。
现在完成时:表示从过去持续到现在,还可能继续持续下去的动作,往往和表示一段时间的状语(for+一段时间,since…, )等连用,或用于how long 句型中1. 主语是行为动作的承受者。
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态
(完整版)一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态1. 什么是一般现在时的被动语态?一般现在时的被动语态是英语中描述现在时态下被动动作和状态的语法结构。
在一般现在时的被动语态中,主语是动作的接受者,而不是动作的执行者。
被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者或者不强调动作的执行者。
2. 构成一般现在时的被动语态的方式一般现在时的被动语态的构成方式如下:* 陈述句:be动词(am/is/are)+ 过去分词* 否定句:be动词(am/is/are)+ not + 过去分词* 疑问句:be动词(am/is/are)+ 主语 + 过去分词2.1 例句以下是一些例句,用于演示一般现在时的被动语态的构成方式:* The book is read by students.(被学生们阅读。
)* The food is cooked by the chef.(被厨师烹饪。
)* The report is written by Jane.(被简写的报道。
)2.2 第三人称单数的被动语态在一般现在时的被动语态中,如果主语是第三人称单数,则需要使用动词的第三人称单数形式,并加上be动词(is/are)。
例如:* The letter is sent by him.(被他寄出。
)* The car is driven by John.(被约翰开车。
)2.3 直陈疑问句和否定句的变化直陈疑问句和否定句在一般现在时的被动语态中的变化如下:* 直陈疑问句:把be动词(am/is/are)提前到句子开头。
* Are the books read by students?(书是被学生读的吗?)* Is the food cooked by the chef?(食物是被厨师烹饪的吗?)* 否定句:在be动词后加上not。
* The book is not read by students.(书不是被学生读的。
)* The food is not cooked by the chef.(食物不是被厨师烹饪的。
动词的一般现在时被动语态
动词的一般现在时被动语态动词的一般现在时被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
在这种语态中,主语是被动的,即承受动作的对象,而动作的执行者则成为句子的宾语。
本文将详细介绍动词的一般现在时被动语态的构成和用法,并提供一些例句以便更好地理解和运用这一语法结构。
一、动词的一般现在时被动语态的构成动词的一般现在时被动语态由“be动词的相应形式+过去分词”构成。
具体而言,根据句子的主语和时态,be动词的形式可能是is、am、are (一般现在时),was、were(一般过去时),或者will be(一般将来时)。
过去分词则是动词的第三人称单数形式,以“-ed”结尾,也可能是不规则的形式。
下面是一些具体的例子:1. 一般现在时被动语态:- My car is repaired by a mechanic.(我的车被修理师傅修好。
)- The book is read by many people.(这本书被很多人阅读。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态:- The window was broken by the kids.(窗户被孩子们打破了。
)- The cake was eaten by everyone.(蛋糕被大家吃掉了。
)3. 一般将来时被动语态:- The package will be delivered by the courier.(包裹将会被快递员送到。
)- The decision will be made by the committee.(决定将会由委员会作出。
)二、动词的一般现在时被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者,而对执行者并不关注。
下面的例句中,注意焦点是放在承受动作的对象上:- The house was built by the construction company.(这栋房子是由建筑公司建造的。
)- The cake was baked by my mom.(这个蛋糕是我妈妈烤的。
一般现在时被动语态
一般现在时被动语态一般现在时的被动语态一、概述:语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态主动语态主语时动作的执行者Many people speak Chinese.语态许多人说汉语。
被动语态主语是动作的承受者Chinese is spoken by many people.汉语被许多人说。
二、被动语态的结构主语(承受者)+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by+执行者) 注意:人称、数和时态的变化通过be 的变化表现出来。
一般现在时的被动语态构成形式;主语+am/is/are+p.p.(动词的过去分词) These songs are loved by children. 三、主动语态与被动语态的转换方法Many people speak English.English is spoken by many people.1、选“宾”作“主”:把主动”作“主”:把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;2、谓语被动化:动词由主动形式变为被动形式3、主语降级:主动语态的主语在被动语态中成了介词by的宾语,by 短语可以省略。
四、被动语态的使用条件1、要表达“被......;遭……;受……;让……”之类的语义时;2、强调动作的承受者时;3、不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者,此时省略“by+动作执行者”。
五、被动语态的句型句式构成肯定句主语+be+过去分词+(by…).否定句主语+be not+过去分词+(by…).一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?。
一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时的被动语态【概念】(1)一般现在时的被动语态:表示习惯性,经常性或者反复出现的被动动作.(2)被动语态:被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系.英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般来说,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态.汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等被动词来表示被动意义.被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成.(3)及物动词:在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可以把动词分成两种:及物动词与不及物动词.字典里词后标有vt.的就是及物动词,字典里词后标有vi.的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语),若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语.及物动词可直接跟宾语.【结构】一般现在时的被动语态结构形式:主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词.①助动词am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+(by+宾语),其中by意为"被…;由…",表动作的执行者.如:The plants in his garden are watered by the gardener every day.花园里的植物每天被园丁浇水.②其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样.如:The plants in his garden are watered by the gardener every day(肯定式).The plants in his garden are not watered by the gardener every day.(否定式)Are the plants in his garden watered by the gardener every day?(疑问式)Yes,they are./No,they aren't.【用法】(1)一般现在时态,在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下,可用被动。
一般现在时的被动语态
The local government organizes the film feቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱtival every autumn.( 改为被动语态)
The film festival ______ ______ by the local government every autumn.
一般现在时:
am/ is/ are+ 过去分词(+ by 短语 )
Trees are planted by us every year.
我们每年都植树。
English isn’t spoken by people here.
这里的人不说英语。
主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.将主动语态的宾语作被动语态 的主语
一般现在时的被动语态
• 语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子 中主语和谓语动词的关系。 • • 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,
• 被动态表示主语是动作的承受着者。
被动语态的构成
被动语态是由”be + 过去分词”构成的,如果 需要强调动作或行为的执行者,在其后 接”by……. “意为“被……”这里的be是助动 词,必须与主语的人称和数保持一致,并 且有时态的变化。
2. 谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”,并通过 be的变化来表示不同的时态
3. 主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组 成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之 后(有时by短语可以省略)
My grandmother waters flowers everyday.
主语
谓语动词 宾语 其他
Flowers are watered ( by my grandmother ) everyday.
一般现在时被动语态句子举例
一般现在时被动语态句子举例一、举例说明1. 被动语态句子是英语语法中的一种句子结构,用于强调动作的接受者或者主语的被动行为。
一般现在时的被动语态句子结构为:be 动词(am, is, are) + 过去分词。
2. 下面是10个符合要求的一般现在时被动语态句子的举例:1) 苹果被人们广泛种植和消费。
Apples are widely grown and consumed by people.2) 这些书被学生们用来学习。
These books are used by students for studying.3) 我们的建议被公司接受并采纳。
Our suggestions are accepted and adopted by the company.4) 这个问题被专家们认为是非常重要的。
This problem is considered to be very important by experts. 5) 新的产品被市场迅速接受并喜爱。
The new product is quickly accepted and loved by the market.6) 这个项目被政府投资并推动发展。
The project is invested and promoted by the government.7) 新闻报道被观众们广泛关注和讨论。
The news report is widely followed and discussed by the audience.8) 这个地方的美景被游客们纷纷称赞。
The beautiful scenery of this place is praised by tourists.9) 这首歌曲被很多人喜欢和传唱。
This song is liked and sung by many people.10) 所有的文件都被妥善保存和备份。
All the documents are properly stored and backed up.二、总结在一般现在时的被动语态句子中,be动词根据主语的人称和数变化,后接过去分词形式的动词。
五种常用时态的被动语态
五种常用时态的被动语态:1)一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + doneThe house is cleaned by my mother every morning.我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。
2)一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + doneI was beaten by someone last night.我昨晚被人打了。
3)一般将来时的被动语态:will be + doneThis boy will be expelled from the football team tomorrow.这个男孩明天将被开除出足球队。
4)完成时的被动语态:has/have/had been + doneNew Concept English has been translated into many languages.《新概念英语》已经被翻译成了许多种语言。
5)进行时的被动语态:be being + doneMy bicycle is being repaired by a garage.我的自行车正在一家修理厂里维修。
标题Not for jazz总结for的用法:1)为:I bought a book for you.我为你买了一本书。
2)因为:Something fell in,for I heard a splash.一定有东西掉下去了,因为我听见扑通一声。
4)适合:Not for jazz=It's not suitable to play jazz on the clavichord.古钢琴不适合演奏爵士乐。
Question:What happened to the clavichord?to后面加宾语,表示其身上发生了什么事,即动作的目标、对象。
What happened to you?你怎么了?(在你身上发生了什么事?)(1)否定句与疑问句的被动语态We don’t believe her.我们不信她的话。
一般现在时被动语态
构成和语法规则
一般现在时被动语态的构成为:"be" 的不同形式 + 过去分词。例:am/is/are + 过去分词。
肯定句和否定句形式
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词。 否定句:主语 + am not/is not/are not + 过去分词。
疑问句形式和回答
疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 + ? 回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am not/is not/are not.
一般现在时被动语态
一般现在时被动语态用于描述在现在发生的动作或事情对于主语是被动的情 况。这个语态在英语学习中非常重要。
定义和结构
一般现在时被动语态是由助动词"be"的不同形式和主动语态的动词的过去分 词构成。
Hale Waihona Puke 用法和意义一般现在时被动语态用于强调动作的接受者,而不是执行者。它通常用于科 学、新闻报道或普通陈述句中。
常见时间状语和特殊情况
常见时间状语:often, usually, always, sometimes 等。 特殊情况:当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加上-s 或 -es。
练习和例句
练习:将下列动词改写成一般现在时被动语态,并填入空白处。1. They (not use) this room often. 2. The cake (make) by my mom every Sunday. 例句:The book is often read by children.
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一般现在时的被动语态
一、·英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。
主语是动作的执行者,叫主动语态。
如:We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。
·主语是动作的承受者,叫被动语态。
如:The classroom is cleaned (by us). 教室被(我们)打扫。
二、被动语态的构成:助动词be +及物动词的过去分词+(by+宾语)
·其中by意为“被……;由……”,表动作的执行者。
如:The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。
·be有人称、数和时态的变化,其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
如:English is widely spoken around the world. (肯定式)
English is not widely spoken around the world. (否定式)
Is English widely spoken around the world? (疑问式)Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
三、被动语态的用法:
·在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语态。
如:This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。
·要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,用被动语态。
如:Her bike is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。
四、主、被动语态的转换:
主动语态:主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语(+其它)
被动语态:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语(+其它)
注意:
1. 主动、被动互转时,时态不变,但有人称和数的变化。
·主动句的主语是代词的主格形式,变成被动态by的宾语时,要用宾格形式。
·主动句的宾语是代词的宾格形式,变成被动时,要转换为主格。
如:(1) People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south.
(2) She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her).
2. 含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词+(by+宾语)
如:The work can be done. 这项工作很容易做。
Other planets may be visited in the future. 将来其他的星球也会有人登陆。
3. 主动句中的宾语补足语如果是不带to的不定式,在变被动句时,要加上to .使役动词make/ have/ let sb do sth 及感官动词see/ hear/ feel/ notice sb to do sth
如:they heard a girl sing in the next room (by them).
→ a girl was heard to sing in the next room (by them).
五、被动语态的结构:
肯定句:主语+ am / is / are + 动词的过去分词+(by+人代宾格)+ 其他
eg .English is studied (by us ) every day.
否定句::主语+ am / is / are + not + 动词的过去分词+(by+人代宾格)+ 其他
eg. English is not studied (by us ) every day.
疑问句:Is English not studied (by us ) every day.?
特殊疑问句:What/Where/When+ am / is / are +主语+动词的过去分词+ 其他?
【巩固练习】
一.把主动语态变成被动语态。
1.He cleans the room every Sunday.
2.Farmers grow rice in the south .
3.People in England speak English
4.We play football on the playground every afternoon.
5.Do you often watch TV at home in the evening ?
6.She doesn’t finish her homework
7.They don’t read that book.
8.Where do they watch basketball match every week?
9.What does Tom study?
10.When do you listen to music?
二.把被动语态变成主动语态。
1.keys are used for locking .(we)
2.Football is played .(the students)
3.Desks are made of wood .(workers)
4.Chinese isn’t had in the classroom.(the teacher)
5.Is this book read every day?
6.Where are bikes made (they)?
7.What is done ?(Lucy)
8.Are the pens made in the factory?(you )
9.English isn’t spoken by people in China.
10.We are given some money (they).。