高中英语语法系列：状语从句

高中英语语法系列：状语从句

状语从句：状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，目的状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。

一.地点状语从句

连接词：where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere

Eg.When you read the book,you'd better make a mark where you have any questions.

Wherever you are,whatever you do,I will be right here waiting for you. Wherever you work,you will gain much valuable experience as long as you are willing to work.

Everywhere they went,they were warmly received.

独特用法：Where—不能翻译成“在……地方”时，通常翻译成“如果”，表示在……条件下。

Eg.有志者，事竟成。Where you are confident,you will succeed.

二.原因状语从句

连接词：because,since,as,for,now that,in that,seeing that,considering that, given that,considering that

比较：because,since,as和for

(1)because语势最强，用来说明人所不知道的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原

因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用since或as

Eg.Mr.Zhang disliked me because I'm handsome and rich.

Since/As the weather is so bad,we have to delay our journey.

(2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可用for代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以判断，就只能用for.

Eg.He is absent today,because/for he is ill.

He must be ill,for he is absent today.

now that：“既然”

in that：“因为”，通常只能放于句中，强调重要的、唯一的原因。

Eg.Now that everybody has come,let's begin our conference.

Human beings are different from animals in that humans can speak and think. Considering that he is no more than12years old,his height of1.80m is quite remarkable.

owing to,due to,thanks to,as a result of属于连词短语，后面只能接词或短语，不能接从句。

三.条件状语从句

连接词：if,unless,as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that,suppose that,in case that,on condition that

注意：①如果引导的条件可以实现，则“主将从现”；②如果引导的条件和事实相反，则用虚拟语气。

Eg.She will sing a song if she is asked.

If I were a bird,I would fly.

As long as it doesn't rain,we can play.

The mother promises to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.

Suppose(that)he does not come,what shall we do?

You will miss the train unless you hurry up.=You'll miss the train if you don't hurry up.

“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。e your head,then you'll find a way.=If you use your head,you'll find a way. Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard,you will pass the exam. without与条件句的转化

Eg.Man can't live without water.=Man can't live if there is no water.

if only：只要eg.He will succeed if only he does his best.

only if：只有eg.Only if you are here,we have confidence.

四.时间状语从句

连接词：when,as,while,as soon as,while,before,after,since,till,until，the minute,the moment,the second,every time,the day，the instant,immediately, directly,no sooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when

Eg.I didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

While John was watching TV,his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard(果园)the moment they saw the guard.

No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.

Every time I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.