北京大学认知心理学课件
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知觉的功能
知觉
Perception
Processes of Sensation, Perception, &
Cognition
有时，我们能够察觉不可能存在
的东西
7
视觉模式识别
（
（
模板匹配模型（
（与模板理论相比，特征模型的优点混战场模型
（
整体优先效应
Global Precedence Effect (Navon, 1977)Kinney
特征理论的生理学和神经学证据Gibson, 1969
任务：两个字母相同还是不同？
V1 LGN What 和Where 通路
计算途径
（Biederman et al ., 1985Biederman et al ., 1985
无字数要求，提交打印纸质版截止时间：30
Bottom 知识、期望
31Biederman et al ., 1973
32
Schacter Key Themes of Cognitive Psychology
Object Perception
The gestalt principles of organization
Palmer, 1977
Face Perception
Faces: The fascinating test case for many of the Questions on Face Processing Questions on Face Processing
Margaret Thatcher illusion
Rotate this!
Thompson, 1980
Thompson, P. (1980). Margaret Thatcher: A new illusion.
Perception, 9(4), 483-484
Rotate this!Processing
45
Nonhuman primate species also
exhibits the Thatcher effect
Adachi, I. et al. (August 11, 2009). Thatcher effect in monkeys demonstrates
conservation of face perception across primates. Current Biology, 19, 1270-1273
Adachi, I. et al. (August 11, 2009). Thatcher effect in monkeys demonstrates
conservation of face perception across primates. Current Biology, 19were presented in 51
53
Within-items design
舒华, 张亚旭. (2008). 心理学研究方法：实验设计和数据分析. 北京：人民教育出版社
Bottom line
55
The configural set
The featural set
Face Processing
they had had at least nine years of visual experience after treatment before testing
severely impaired at differentiating faces that differed only in the spacing of their features
normal in distinguishing those varying only in the shape of individual features
Farah 59
Tanaka & Farah, 1993
Study phase
associate names with faces or houses
Test phase
forced choice (part vs. whole condition)
Results
no difference between the whole and part conditions for houses
performance in the whole condition was much better than in the part condition for faces
Conclusion
Object recognition is analytic and part-based, whereas face recognition is holistic and configural
Identity
(actor/non-actor) vs. gender discrimination [12]
Viewing faces vs. non-sense
pictures [33, 32]
Viewing faces vs. non-face objects [6, 7]
61
The Models of Face Recognition
63Neural System for Face Perception ( et al
6566