考研环境工程复试常见英语
环境工程专业英语词汇
环境工程专业英语词汇Aabacterial 无菌的abatement 减少，减小，取消，消除abnormal blooming of plankton 浮游生物异常繁殖absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute temperature 绝对温度absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂；吸收性的absorption 吸收abundant precipitation 过量降水abysmal deposit 深海沉积物accelerator 加速澄清池，机械澄清池，加速器access 接近，（出）入口，使用或接近的方法、机会或门路，捷径accessory 附件，附属品accidental error 偶然误差acclimate 服水土，适应环境，适应气候acclimatization 驯化，（对环境条件的）适应accommodate 使适应，调节，接纳，容纳，供应，提供acetic acid 醋酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化（作用）acidity 酸度，酸性acid-proof material 耐酸材料acoustic construction 隔声构造acoustic fatigue 声致疲劳acquisition 获得，取得，采集acrid 辛辣的，腐蚀性的act 法规，法案，条例，行为，动作activated biofilter 活性生物滤池activated carbon 活性碳activated silica 活性硅土activated sludge 活性污泥activation 活化，激活active chlorine 活性氯activity 活性，活度，放射性，功率adaptable species 适应性强的物种adaptation 适应，匹配，采用，改编（本），修改，适应性，适应力additive 附加物，添加剂；加成的adherence 粘附adhesion 粘附力adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adjustment 调节，调准，控制，安装admixture 掺合物，杂质adsorbate 被吸附物，吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂；吸附的adsorber 吸附器，吸附剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线advanced treatment 高级处理，深度处理aerated contact bed (submerged contact aerator) 曝气接触床（淹没式接触曝气池）aerated lagoon 曝气氧化渠aerated spiral-flow grit channel 曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration 曝气aeration blower 曝气鼓风机aerobic 好氧的，好气的，需氧的，有氧的aerobic biological treatment process 好氧生物处理法，需氧生物处理法aerobic decomposition 好氧分解，需氧分解aerosol 气溶胶aesthetically 从审美角度看affinity 亲和力，亲和势affluent 支流afforestation 造林（计划），绿化after burner 火舌燃烧炉，后燃烧装置，补燃器agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集，使成团aggressive pathogen 侵袭性病原体air compressor 空压机，压气机air conditioner 空调器air gauge 气压计air hammer 气压锤air header 空气干管air inflow 进气量air intake 进气孔air mass 气团air polluntant emission inventory 空气污染物排放清单air pollution surveillance 空气污染监视air release valve 放气阀，释压阀air relief installation 排气设备air sparger 曝气器air stripping 气提airborne 空气中的，空降的，空运的airborne pathongenic organism 空气致病生物体air-lift pump 空气升水泵，气提泵airview 鸟瞰，鸟瞰图alcohol 乙醇，酒精aldehyde 醛algae 藻类algal bloom 水藻繁盛alignment 成直线，调准，准线，直线性，结盟，联合alkali consumption 碱消耗(量) alkali earth 碱土alkaline 碱性的alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) 烷基苯磺酸盐alluvial deposit 冲积物，冲积层alum 矾，明矾aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient noise 环境噪声amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonia stripping 氨的气提，气提法除氨ammonification 氨化作用，加氨ammonium 铵amphoteric ion exchange resin 两性离子交换树脂anabolism 合成代谢，组成代谢anaerobic 厌氧的，厌气的，无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process 厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anemometer 风力计，风速计anemoscope 风向仪anhydrous 无水的animal community 动物群落anion 阴离子，负离子anionic surface active agent 阴离子表面活性剂annual depreciation 年折旧annual precipitation 年降水量anode 阳极，正极anodize 阳极氧化，阳极处理anoxic 缺氧的antagonism 对抗（作用），拮抗（作用）antibiotics 抗菌素，抗生素antifreezing agent 防冻剂aperture 孔径，隙缝，小孔apparatus 仪器，装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能appreciable 明显的，相当可观的appurtenance (常用pl. ) 附属物，设备，配件，附属建筑，附属装置aquatic 水的，水生的，水上的aquatic habitat 水生环境aquatic community 水生群落aquatic life 水生生物aqueduct 水道，渠，导水管aqueous 水的aqueous ammonia 氨水aqueous solution 水溶液aquifer 蓄水层，（地下）含水层，含水地层arbitrary 独裁的，专制的，专横的，任意的，随机的，独立的aromatic 芳香的，芳烃的；芳香剂arsenic 砷artery 动脉，运输线artifical wetland （constructed wetland ）人工湿地（系统）artificial fibres 人造纤维asbestos 石棉ascendingvelocity 上升速度ash content 灰分ash conveyer 灰渣输送带ash handling equipment 除尘设备asphyxiate 使（人）窒息、闷死aspiration 吸气，吸入，吸出，愿望，渴望，志向aspiration ventilation 排气通风（法）assay 分析，化验assembly 装配，组合；机组assimilate 同化，吸收assimilative respiration 同化呼吸associated mineral 伴生矿物atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散，大气分散atmospheric emission 大气排放物atomic absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度测定法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry 原子荧光光谱atomization 喷雾，喷雾法，雾化attenuation 衰减，减弱，减轻，减少，减小attraction 引力，吸引attrition 磨损，损耗autoclave 高压锅，高压釜automatic flushback 自动反冲洗automatic valveless gravity filter 自动无阀重力流滤池，无阀滤池automobile exhaust 汽车尾气，汽车废气autotroph(e) 自养生物，自营性生物autotrophic 自养的，自我营养的，无机营养的available chlorine 有效氯available head 可用水头average yearly loading capacity 年平均负荷容量axial flow 轴流azo dye 偶氮染料azotification 固氮（作用）Bbackfill 回填backflow 回流background noise 背景噪声，本底噪声background survey 本底调查back-pressure valve (check valve) 单向阀backwash cycle 反冲周期bacteria coli 大肠杆菌bacterial colony 细菌菌落bacterial population 细菌种群bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriological examination 细菌检验bacteriologically 按细菌学的观点baffle 挡板baffle board 挡板，隔音板baffled reaction chamber 隔板式反应室bag filter 袋滤器，袋式过滤器baghouse 布袋，滤袋室，滤袋装置baghouse precipitator 布袋除尘器ball mill 球磨机band dryer （污泥）带式干化机band screen (belt screen) 带式格网，带条滤网bar screen 格栅barometer 气压计barrel 桶，桶状物basicity 碱度，盐基度batch 分批的，间歇（式）的batch centrifuge 间歇式离心机batch distillation 分批蒸馏batchwise operation 分批式操作be laden with 充满，携带，含有beaker 烧杯bearing capacity 承重能力belt filter press （污泥）带式脱水机bench 工作台，实验桌，板凳bench-scale 小型的，实验室（规模）的bench scale test 小型试验，实验室试验，模型试验beneficiation 废物回收加工benzene 苯bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐，重碳酸盐bind 粘合，束缚，堵塞bioassay 生物鉴定，活体鉴定biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量biocoenosis 生物群落biodegradable 可生物降解的biodegradation 生物降解（作用）bio-disc 生物转盘biofilter 生物滤池biogeophysical 生物地球物理的biological filter loading 生物滤池负荷（率）biological phosphate removal 生物除磷酸盐biology 生物学biolysis 生物分解（作用）biomass 生物体群，生物量bioremediation 生物修复bioscrubber 生物洗涤器，生物涤气器biosorption 生物吸附，生物吸收biosphere 生物圈biota 生物群biotic community 生物群集，生物群落biotope 群落生境，环境条件均匀的地方black liquor 黑液（一般指纸浆厂废液）blank assay 空白试验，空白检定blast 鼓风bleaching liquid 漂白液blind ditch 暗沟block diagram 方块图bloom 大量增殖，旺发boiling point depression 沸点降低bomb calorimeter (炸)弹式量热器booster pump 增压泵botanic 植物的boundary layer 边界层branch 支线，支管，分支管brand 标记，牌子breakthrough 穿透，贯穿，泄漏brewery 啤酒厂brine 海水，盐水broth culture 肉汤培养，肉汤培养物bubble aeration 气泡曝气bubbling tower 起泡塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗bucker excavator 斗式挖掘机bucket dredger 斗式挖泥船buffer 缓冲液，缓冲剂buffer capacity 缓冲能力，缓冲容量building drain 建筑物内污水总管，建筑排水管building sewer (house sewer) 建筑物外污水总管bulking of activated sludge 活性污泥的膨胀buoyancy force 浮力burette 滴定管bypass 旁通管，超越管，旁路Ccabinet 箱，柜，橱cage rotor 笼式转子cake conveyer 滤饼输送带cake of filter-press 滤块，污泥压滤饼calcination 煅烧，焙烧calcium lime (calcium oxide, CaO) 石灰，生石灰calcium sulphate 石膏，硫酸钙calibration 校准，标定，定标calorie 卡（路里）calorific value 热值capillarity 毛细管作用，毛细现象capillary 毛细管；毛细的，毛细管的capillary suction time 毛细空吸时间（测定污泥过滤性）capital cost 基本（建设）投资，投资费，资本值capital repair 大修（理）carbonaceous compound 含碳化合物carburetor 汽化器carcinogen 致癌物，致癌因素cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病carrier 带菌者，载体cascade级联catabolism 分解代谢catalysis 催化（作用）catalyst 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catchment 集水区域cathode protection 阴极保护cation 阳离子，正离子cation-exchange softener 阳离子交换软水器cationic surface active agent (cationic surfactant) 阳离子表面活性剂caustic (quick) lime 生石灰，石灰caustic 腐蚀性的，苛性的；苛性药，氢氧化物caveat （防止误解的）说明cavitation 空蚀作用，气蚀作用，空穴作用cavity 空腔cell 小室，细胞，电池，盒cell mass 细胞块cellular protoplasm 细胞原生质cellular 细胞的，多孔的，蜂窝状的cementation 胶结（作用）centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计centrifugal 离心的cesspool 污水池channel improvement 河道整治characteristic curve of pump 泵的特性曲线characterization 表征，性能描写charcoal 木炭charge 电荷；充（水、气、电等）chart 图表check 核对，阻止，制动装置，支票，联单checklist （核对用的）清单chelating reagent 螯合剂，chemical 化学的；化学品，化学制品chemical engineering unit operation 化工单元操作chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical resistance 耐化学性，化学抗性chemical stoichiometry 化学计量学chloride 氯化物chloride ion 氯根离子chlorinate (使)氯化，用氯消毒，用氯处理chlorinated lime 漂白粉chlorine feed unit 投氯设备，加氯单元chloroform 氯仿chlorophyll 叶绿素cholera 霍乱chromatography 色层（分离）法chronic pollution 慢性污染，长期污染chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验cinder 煤渣，焦渣circulator clarifier 水力（循环）澄清池cistern 蓄水池，贮水器cite 引用，引证clamp 夹子clarificant 澄清剂clarification 澄清，净化classifier （结合沉砂池的）洗砂机，分级机clay 粘土cleaner production 清洁生产climate modification 人工影响气候climatic anomaly 气候异常clinker （煤燃烧后留下的）渣滓，熔渣，熔块closet 盥洗室cloudiness 混浊性，浊度coagulant 混凝剂，凝聚剂coagulant aids 助凝剂coagulation 混凝，凝聚coalesce 凝结，凝聚，合并cocurrent extraction 并流萃取code of practice 工作规程，业务法规cold wave 寒潮coli test 大肠菌试验coliform 大肠的，大肠菌的coliform bacteria 大肠菌，大肠杆菌collecting trough 集水槽collection of classificated refuse 垃圾分类收集collection works 取水构筑物collector 集尘器，浮选促集剂，集电器，集水槽colloid 胶体colloidal 胶态的colony 菌落，群体color cast 色调color index 色度color-developing agent 显色剂colorimeter 比色计colorimetric analysis 比色分析colorimetry 比色法colour (color) 色，色度column plate 塔板combined available residual chlorine 化合性有效剩余氯combined sewage 合流污水，混合污水combined sewage system 合流下水道系统combustion 燃烧commercial formulation 生产配方commercial scale 工业规模commercial waste 商业废物，商业废水commercial 商业的，工业（用）的，大批生产的commercially 大批地commingle 混合，搀和comminute 使细碎，粉碎comminutor 磨碎机，粉碎机common grate 普通格栅communicable disease 传染病community 团体，界，全体居民，地区，社区，居民区，城镇，共同性，共有性，生物种群，群落community pollution 居民区污染，城市污染compaction 压实，压缩，致密化compactor truck 垃圾打包卡车compartment 间，室compensation 补偿，抵消，赔偿，平衡，调整completely miscible 完全混溶的complex 络合物complex ion 络离子component 组分，成分，分力，部件composite sample 混合样品，复合样品composite wastewater sample 混合废水样品composition 组成，成分，结构compost 把……做成堆肥，施堆肥于；堆肥compound fertilizer 复合肥料comprehensive utilization 综合利用compressed air 压缩空气concentrator 浓缩器concerted reaction 协同反应concrete 混凝土condensation 冷凝，凝结，缩合（作用），缩聚（作用）condensation polymerization 缩聚condensation reaction 缩合反应conditioning 调理（使污泥便于脱水）conductivity 传导性，传导率confined water 禁闭水confluence 汇流处，合流congeal 冻结，凝固conical type clarifier 圆锥形澄清池conjunction 联结，结合，连结connate water 原生水conservation 保护，守恒，保持conservation of energy 能量守恒consistence 稠性，相容性，一致性console 控制台consolidation tank （污泥）浓缩池constant rate pump 计量泵constant-head tank 恒水头水池constant-rate period 恒速阶段contact biological filter 接触生物滤池contact oxidation method 接触氧化法container 集装箱continental climate 大陆性气候continental drift 大陆漂移continuum 连续区，连续体contour line 等高线，等值线contour of water table 等水位线contracted weir 收缩堰contraction 收缩，收缩率convalescent 恢复期的convection 对流converging-diverging duct section 收缩－扩大管截面conveyer (conveyor) 传送机conveyor-type scraper 环链板刮泥器coordinate 坐标（系）；坐标的coordination 配位correction 校正，改正，纠正correlation 相关（性）corridor 走廊，流槽corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂cost 费用，成本cost benefit evaluation 费用－收益评价，成本－效益评价counter current （counterflow）逆流counter force 反作用力counterweight 平衡重，对重covalent bond 共价键covered sludge drying bed 有盖的污泥干化床crack 裂缝cracker 破碎机cradle 支架，机架criterion (criteria) 准则，标准critical 临界的，极限的critical compressive force 临界压力critical point 临界点cross conveyor 横向传送刮板cross current 错流，正交流cross cut test 正交试验cross section 断面，剖面，截面crucible 坩锅crush 破碎crusher 破碎机，砸碎机crystallization 结晶culprit 罪魁祸首, 肇事原因culture 培养基，培养微生物的成长culture medium 培养基，培养物curing 固化，硫化，熟化，处理current repair 小修（理）curve 曲线cycle 循环，周期cyclone 旋流，旋风，气旋器，旋风分离器，旋风除尘器cyclone dust collector 旋风集尘器cyclone scrubber 旋风涤气器cyclone separator 旋风分离器cylinder 钢瓶，（氧）气瓶，圆筒体cytoplasm 细胞质Ddaily flow 日流量，逐日流量dairy waste 牛奶场废水[废物] damped balance 阻尼天平deactivation 钝化作用deaeration unit 脱气装置deafening effect 隔声效果debris 有机残渣，腐质，残骸decantation 倾析，倾泻上层液decay 腐烂，衰变dechlorination 脱氯decibel 分贝decking 盖板，铺面，支撑板declining growth phase 生长衰落期decolorize 漂白de-emulsification 解乳化，破乳化defacing 磨损，损伤外观defecation 澄清deficiency 缺乏deficit 亏空，赤字defoam 去沫，去泡沫defoaming agent 消泡剂，去泡剂deforestation 滥伐，砍伐森林degasification 脱气作用deglaciation 冰消（作用）degradation 降解（作用）dehydration 脱水（作用），去水deionized water 去离子水，无离子水deliquescence 潮解demister 除雾器denitrification 反硝化，脱氮，脱硝（作用）denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densely inhabited district 人口密集区deodorization 除臭作用deoxygenation 脱氧，脱除溶解氧，消氧dephenolizing 除酚，脱酚deposit 沉淀物，沉积物deposition 沉积（作用），沉积物depreciation 折旧depressant 抑制剂depression 减压，降低，抑制，洼地desalination 海水淡化，脱盐（作用）desiccant 干燥剂desiccating agent 干燥剂desulfurization from exhaust 从尾气脱硫detection limit 检出极限detention time 停留时间，逗留时间，滞留时间detergent 洗涤剂，去垢剂detritus 杂粒dialysis 渗析，膜析（渗透离析法）diaphragm 膜片，隔膜differential gauge 压差计diffused aeration 扩散式曝气（法）digester 消化池，煮解器digestion 消化dilute solution 稀溶液dilution 冲淡，稀释dimensionless 无因次的，无量纲的dioxin 二恶英direct-flow demineralization 自流式脱矿质discharge 流出，排出量，排放，放电discharge area 过水面积discharge capacity 流量，排水量，排放量discharge permit 排污许可（证）discharge rate 流量率，排水率，排放率，排放速率discipline 学科，科目discrete settling 离散沉降，单粒沉降dish aerator 浅盘式曝气器disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒（作用），灭菌（作用）disintegrator 破碎机，碎裂机dismantle 拆开，拆散dismutation 歧化（作用）dispersate 分散质dispersed-air flotation 弥散空气浮选dispersion 分散（作用），弥散（作用）displacement 置换，位移disposal （废弃物）处理，处置disposal of refuse in land fills 垃圾填埋处置dissociation 离解dissolution 溶解dissolve 溶解dissolved oxygen sag curve 溶解氧下垂曲线，氧垂曲线distillation 蒸馏（作用）distributing trough 配水槽，布水槽diurnal variation 昼夜变化，（周）日变DO (dissolved oxygen) 溶解氧dome aerator 圆罩式曝气器domestic demand 生活用水量，居民用水量domestic fecal sewage （家庭）粪便污水domestic refuse 家庭垃圾domestic sewage 生活污水domestic waste 家庭废水，生活废水，家庭垃圾downcomer 下水管，落水管downstream 顺流的，在下游的；顺流地，在下游地draft 草图，通风，汲出，汲水，引通draft fan 引风机draft tube 引通管，引水管drag （流体对悬浮颗粒的）摩阻，曳力drain pit (drain sump) 排水坑drain tile 瓦管drainage 排水，排水设备，排出的水draw 汲，吸，拉，拖dredge 挖掘，清淤dress water 选矿水drought 干旱，旱灾dry weather flow （合流沟管）晴天流量，干季（七天以上无雨）流量dryer 干燥器drying oven 烘箱dual water supply 分质供水durability 耐久性duration 期间，历时durationday 日照长度dust 尘dust cloud 尘云dust fog 尘雾dwelling 住宅，住所dye 染料dyestuff 染料Eeasement 附属建筑物ecological perspective 生态学观点ecological crisis 生态危机ecology 生态学effervescence 起泡，液沸（现象）effervescing 泡腾，起泡，鼓泡（作用）efficient rotation （农作物）有效轮作effluent 出水，出流，排出物ejection 喷射ejector 喷射器，射流器，喷射泵electric precipitation 电除尘electrode potential 电极电位electrodialysis 电渗析electrogalvanizing 电镀锌electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质，电解液electrolytic dissociation (ionization) 电离electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electromotive forces 电动势electrophoresis 电泳electroplating 电镀electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器element 要素，元素，单元，单体，元件，部件，组成部分，（pl.）（基本）原理，基础elevated 高架的elevated reservoir 高地水库elevated tank 高位水箱elevation 高度，高程，海拔elevator 提升器，升降机elimination 去除，消除，消去elutriation 淘洗embrittlement 脆化emergency basin 备用池emergency bypass 事故旁路emergency outlet 事故出水口emergency water supply 应急给水，事故给水emission 散发，排放，排放物emission standard 排放标准empirical equation 经验方程emulsification 乳化emulsify 乳化emulsion 乳浊液enclosure 围档物，围墙endogenous phase 内生相（发生于体内的）endogenous respiration （细胞新陈代谢的）内源呼吸endothermic 吸热的engender 产生，造成，引起enmeshment 网捕，使陷入网中enrichment 富集entrap 收集，捕集，诱捕，截留entropy 熵environmental disruption 环境破坏environmental disturbance 环境破坏environmental impact 环境影响environmental monitoring 环境监测enzyme 酶equalization 均衡equipment availability 设备完好率erecting diagram 安装图erosion 侵蚀，冲刷，冲蚀eruption 喷发ester 酯estuary （沿海的）河口etch 蚀刻，侵蚀，蚀刻剂ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇，酒精etherification 醚化（作用）ethylene 乙烯eutrophication 富营养化evacuate 抽真空，抽出，排出（气）evaluation 评价evaporation 蒸发evergreen shrub 常绿灌木evolution 进化，演化，发育enclosure 围挡物exclude 排除excrement 排泄物，粪便exhaust 抽空，排尽，废气，排出的气；排出的，废的exhaust duct 排气导管exhaust fan 排风扇exhaust gas 尾气，废气，排气exhausted liquid 废液exogenous 外生的（有机体外的），外源性的exothermic 放热的expenditure of energy 能量消耗exploitation 开发，开采，利用，运行，操作，剥削exposure 暴露，曝露，接触，照射exposure dose 接触剂量exposure to pollutant 曝露于污染物中，接触污染物extended aeration 延时曝气（法）extraction 萃取，提取Ffabric filter 布袋过滤器facility 设施facultative 兼性的facultative aerobe 兼性好氧菌，兼性需氧菌facultative anaerobe 兼性厌气菌，兼性厌氧菌fallout measurement 散落物测定fall overturn 秋季翻转fat and oil 脂和油（油脂）fat trap 聚油脂阱fault 故障fauna 动物群feed 进料feeding installation 供水装置，投加装置fell trees 砍树，伐木felling operation 伐木工作fen 沼泽fermentation 发酵fertilizing value of sludge 污泥的肥料价值field 田地，现场，……场field observation 野外观察field survey 现场调查filament 纤丝，丝状体filamentous organisms 含丝状体的生物体fill 填满，填筑fill and draw 间歇式，注排法filler 填料filter 滤池，过滤filter aid 助滤剂filter medium 滤料，过滤介质filter paper 滤纸filter press 压滤机filter run 过滤周期，滤池运行周期filter screen 滤网filtrate 滤液（从污泥脱水滤出的）filtration 过滤final clarifier 最后澄清池，终沉池fine gravel 细卵石fine screen 细筛finish 光洁度，涂层，面层finished product 成品finishing 精修，精制，精加工，最终加工fire hydrant 消火栓first approximation 一级近似first order reaction 一级反应fish culture in stream 河道养鱼fishery 渔业，水产业，渔场fittings 配件，零件fixation of nitrogen 氮固定，固氮fixed matter 固定物质，不挥发物质fixed-bridge scraper 固定桥下刮泥器（用于辐射沉淀池）fixture 装置，工件夹具flammability 可燃性，易燃性flange 法兰，凸缘，突缘flash mixer 快速混合器，闪急混合器flask 烧瓶flat bottom 平底flat floor 平底flexible tube 软管floatation 漂浮，浮选floating scum 浮渣floating-cover digester 浮盖式消化池floc 絮凝物，絮粒，絮体，绒粒（俗称矾花）flocculant 絮凝剂flocculation 絮凝（作用）flooded area洪泛区，淹没地面flora 植物群flotation 浮选，气浮flow diagram 流程图flow meter 流量计flow pattern 流型flow rate 流量，流速flow sheet 流程图flue gas 烟道气，烟气flue gas desulfurization system 烟气脱硫系统fluidized bed 流化床flume 水槽，斜槽flush (强液体流)冲洗，清洗，冲水flushback 反冲洗fly ash 燃烧的烟尘，飞灰foam 泡沫；起泡沫，发泡沫foam recycle 泡沫（再）循环，泡沫回流food-borne illness 由食物传染疾病forced draft (draught) cooling tower 强制通风冷却塔forced ventilation 强制通风，机械通风foreign gas 杂质气体forest conservancy 森林保护forest deterioration 森林破坏formaldehyde 甲醛formation 地（岩）层fossil fuel 矿物燃料，化石燃料fractional distillation 分馏fractionation 分馏，分级，分数化free (available) chlorine 游离（有效）氯free labor 无偿劳动free radical 游离基，自由基fresh water 淡水fresh water aquiculture 淡水养殖friability 易碎性，脆性friction 摩擦full scale 实物尺寸的，大规模的，工业规模的，全刻度的fume 烟，烟气fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸fungal component 共生菌fungi（pl.）菌类fungus （单数）菌，真菌furrow 沟槽Ggadget 小装置gage (gauge) 表，计，规尺galvanic cell 原电池galvanization 镀锌gamma ray detector γ 射线探测器garbage 垃圾，废料，污物，厨余，食品加工废物gas collector 集气罩，气体收集器gaseous waste 废气gasification 气化gel 凝胶，冻胶gene 基因gene conversion 基因转换gene duplication 基因复制genesis 成因，起源genus 类，种类geologic survey 地质调查geological examination 地质调查，地质勘测geosphere 陆界，陆圈，岩石圈germ 细菌，病菌germicidal 杀菌的germicide 杀菌剂germination 发芽，生长，产生，晶核化，长晶核gland 压盖（俗称“格兰”），密封装置glucose 葡萄糖grab sample 临时样品，单一样品grade of grain 颗粒级配grade of slope 坡度gradient 坡度，梯度grain size 颗粒大小，粒度grain size grading 粒径分级gram-equivalent weight 克当量Gram-positive 格兰阳性，革兰氏阳性grand canyon 大峡谷granular 粒状的，颗粒的graph 标绘图，线图graphical symbol 图例，图解符号graphite 石墨grate 格栅gravel 卵石，砾石gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetry 重量分析法gravity filtration 重力过滤gravity flow 自流，重力流gravity separator 重力沉降分离器gravity thickening 重力增稠grease content 油脂含量grease trap 油分离阱，油脂捕集器green belt 绿化地带green-house effect 温室效应grinder 磨碎机grinding 磨碎grit （污水中的）粗砂，杂粒，硬渣grit chamber 沉砂池，杂粒池gross 总的,粗的ground vegetation 地面植被gypsum 石膏Hhabitat （动植物）生活境地，栖息地handling 处理，输送，装卸handling operation 装卸操作[作业] handling characteristic 处理特性harvest 收成，产量，收获（物，量）；收获，收割haul 搬运，运程，运输量；用力拖（或拉），搬运，运输hauling charges 运费hauling equipment 运输设备hazardous 有害的，危险的hazardous waste 危险废物heat insulation 隔热heat release 放热heavily polluted 严重污染的herbicide 除草剂hereditary variation 遗传变异heterogeneous 非均匀的，多相的heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌high (low) flush tank 高（低）冲洗水箱high lift pump 高压泵high-rate 高负荷(率)的，高速的high-rate composting 高速[高效]堆肥high-rate digestion 高速[高效]消化hi-volume sampler 大体积取样器holder 储罐，夹具，架座holding tank 储料罐，收集槽homeostasis 生物体中的平衡homogeneous 均相的，均匀的，单一的hood 通风橱horizontal flow 平流hose 软管，水龙带household refuse 家庭垃圾humic acid 腐殖酸humidification 增湿（作用）humidity 湿度hybrid reaction 混合反应hybrid 杂化的，混合的，桥接的hydrant 消防龙头，消火栓hydrate 水合物hydration 水合（作用）hydraulic circular clarifier 水力循环澄清池hydraulic element 水力要素hydraulic sloughing 水力脱膜hydraulic stirring device 水力搅拌设备hydraulic subsiding value 水力沉降值hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrology 水文学hydrophilic 亲水的，吸水的hydrophobic 恐水的，疏水的hydrostatical pressure 静水压力，流体静压力hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxide ion 氢氧离子，羟离子hydroxyl ion 氢氧根离子，羟基离子hygienic 卫生的，卫生学的hyperfiltrate 超滤hypochlorite 次氯酸盐hypochlorite of lime 次氯酸钙，漂白粉Iimmersion 浸没，浸水immiscibility 不混溶性immobilized enzyme 固相酶，固定化酶impact allowance 冲击容许量impeller 叶轮impervious strata 不透水层impingement 碰撞，冲击，打击impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔impinger 碰撞取样器，空气采集器impoundage 集水区impounding reservoir 蓄水池impulse 冲击，冲动，冲量，脉冲in block form 巨块状，成大块in bulk 散装，桶装in lumps 块团状incineration 焚化incinerator 焚化炉inclined tube settler 斜管沉淀器incremental loading (stepped feeding) 分段投加污水incrustation 结壳，外壳，表面装饰incubate (细菌)培养incubator 恒温箱，培养箱index 指数，索引，指标indicator organisms 指示性生物体，指示生物induced draft mechanical cooling tower 抽风式机械通风冷却塔industrial nuisance 工业公害inert filler 惰性填料inertia 惯性，惯量infection 传染infest 侵扰infiltration 渗透，渗入inflammability 可燃性，易燃性inflammable 可燃的，易燃的inflow 入流，流入物，流入（量），进水，进气influent 进水，入流infrared absorption spectrum 红外吸收光谱infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析仪ingest 摄入，摄取ingredient 成分，组成部分，配料，要素ingress 进口，进入ingress of groundwater 地下水侵入inherent moisture 固有水分inheritance 遗传inhibitor 抑制剂initial concentration 起始浓度initial interface velocity (rate of hindered settling) 悬浮物初始沉降速度initiation 引发，启动，开始injection 注射，喷射injector 注射器，喷射器inland water 内陆水体inlet 进水口，进口，雨水口inlet chamber 进口室，入流井inoculant 变质剂，孕育剂inoculate 给……接种，移植，嫁接inodourous 无臭气的，无气味的insecticide 杀虫剂installation 装置，设备instantaneous flow rate 瞬时流量instruction manual 使用手册instrument 仪器intact 完整的intake 取水口intake of water works 水厂取水口integrated control 综合防治integrated oxidation ditch 一体化氧化沟integrated plant protection 综合植物保护intercepting chamber 截流井interception 截流interceptor 截流管，截水沟interdisciplinary 各学科之间的，跨学科的interfacial active agent 界面活性剂interfacial tension 界面张力intermediate water supply 中水道interpolation 内插法interstice 空隙，孔interstitial 间隙的，空隙的，隙间的intestine 内部的，国内的；（pl.）肠intraparticle 粒子内的intrinsic energy 内能，本征能inundation 淹没，泛滥，水灾，洪水inventory 清单，目录，报表inversion layer 逆温层invert 管内底inverted-siphon 倒虹管iodide 碘化物iodine 碘iodometric titration method 碘量滴定法ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ion migration 离子迁移，离子移动ion product 离子积ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离（作用），离子化（作用）irrigation farming 灌溉农业isoelectric point 等电点isomer （同分）异构体isomerism 同分异构现象isotherm 等温线isotope 同位素Jjar 罐，瓶，（刺耳的）噪声jar test 搅拌试验，混凝试验，瓶式检验jelly 胶冻jet 喷射，射流jet aeration 射流曝气jet ejector 射流泵jetting machine 高压水清洗机junk 废料，废物；丢弃，丢掉jury pump 备用泵juxtaposition 并列，并置Kkeep clear of 避开，不接触Kjeldahl nitrogen 总有机氮kraft mill wastewater 制浆废水Llabeled compound 标记化合物lag growth 滞后生长lagoon 氧化塘，污水塘laminar flow 层流land disposal 地面排放，地面处置land irrigation （污水）地面灌溉land subsidence 地面沉降land treatment 地面（灌溉）处理landfill 土地掩埋，填埋landscape and recreation waterbody 景观和娱乐水体LAS 线性烷基苯磺酸盐（软性洗涤剂）latent heat 潜热lateral sewer 旁支沟管laundry waste 洗衣房废水lavatory 盥洗室lawsuit 诉讼leach 浸出，浸析；滤灰槽，沥滤器leachate （垃圾堆）渗滤液，沥滤液，浸出液leaching 浸取，浸提，渗洗leaching cesspool 渗污井，污水坑leather waste 皮革废水lethal dose 致死剂量level-sensing device 水位显示装置life 寿命，生命，生活life expectancy 预期寿命，预计期限lift head 扬程light catalyzed chlorine oxidation 光催化氯氧化liquefaction 液化liquefied gas 液化气liquefy 液化liquor 液litter 乱丢的废物，垃圾local exhaust ventilation 局部排气通风logger 记录器log-growth phase 对数生长期longevity 长寿，耐久性，存活力longitudinal 纵向的，经度的loop seal 环形管水封，回路水封loss on ignition 烧灼减重low flow year 枯水年low lift pump 低压泵Mmagnetic stirring 磁力搅拌magnitude of traffic flow 交通流量main drain 总排水管maintenance 维护make-up water 补给水malnutrition 营养不良malodorous 恶臭的manhole 检查井，窨井，人孔manipulation （手工）操作manometer （流体）压力计，（流体）压差计manure 肥料，粪肥marine deposits 海底沉积物marsh 沼泽，湿地marsh gas 沼气mass 大块，质量mass action law 质量作用定律mass balance 物料衡算mass growth 群体生长mass spectrograph 质谱仪mass transfer 质量转移，传质material balance 物料平衡，物料衡算matrix 模型，杂矿石，矩阵，基体maturation 成熟mean 中间，平均值，中项；中间的，平均的，下等的mean particle diameter 平均粒径measured day work 计时日工（计量的一日工作量）measurement 测定，量度measuring flask 容量瓶meat processing waste water 肉类加工废水meat-packing waste 肉类包装废水mechanism 机构，机构学，机理，机制membrane separation 膜分离mesh 网眼mesophilic 中温的，嗜温的metabolic respiration 新陈代谢的呼吸metabolism 新陈代谢metal processing and finishing 金属加工及修饰metatrophic 间营养的，介营养的（介于营养与非营养之间）methane 甲烷，沼气method of images 源象法micellae (micelle) 胶束microfiltration 微（孔过）滤microscope 显微镜micro-strainer 微滤机milling 研磨mineral acid 无机酸mineral matter 矿物质mineralization 矿化作用，（有机物的）无机化（作用）mining waste 采矿废水miscellaneous （混）杂的，杂项的，各种各样的，多方面的；其他mist 轻雾mixing impeller 搅拌叶轮model 模式，模型model test 模型试验，小规模试验modification 改变，改进modified 改变的，改良的，修改的modified starch 改性淀粉molecular sieve 分子筛moor 荒野，沼morbidity 发病率，每十万人的病例数morphology 形态学mortality 致命性moss 沼泽MPN (most probable number) 最概然数，最可能的数（目）mud 污泥，泥浆muffler 消声器，减声器multimedia 多种介质的，多种手段的，多种方式的multipurposeuse of waste 废物综合利用municipal 城市的，市政的municipal refuse 城市垃圾municipal sewage 城市污水mutagenesis 致突变作用mutagenic 诱变的，致突变的mutation 突变Nnascent oxygen 初生氧，新生氧natural circulation 自然环流natural conservation 自然保护neck 颈，颈部niche 小生境，适当的位置，适当的场所nightsoil 人粪尿，粪便nitrate nitrogen 硝酸盐氮nitric acid 硝酸nitrification (氮的) 硝化（作用）nitrifying bacteria 硝化菌nitrite nitrogen 亚硝酸盐氮Nitrobacter 硝化杆菌nitrogeneous compound 含氮化合物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化毛杆菌（使氨氧化为亚硝酸盐）noise elimination 噪声消除noise level 噪声级noise silencer 噪声抑制器nomogram 列线图，诺模图non-ferrous metals 非铁金属, 有色金属normal solution 当量溶液noxious 有害的nuisance 讨厌物，公害nuisanceless technology 无公害工艺nutrient 营养物，养料Oobjectionable 讨厌的，不适合的，不能采用的，不好的，有害的objectionable impurity 有害杂质obligate aerobes 专性需氧菌，专性好氧菌obnoxious 讨厌的occupational disease 职业病ocean disposal 向海洋排放ocean dumping 向海洋投弃，向海洋倾倒odor (odour) 臭味，气味（指香味和臭味）odor and taste 臭味和水味odorant (odorous substance) 恶臭物质of interest 值得注意的，有关的，重要的offensive industry 有毒工业，有害工业offscum 脱浮渣oil separate tank 隔油池oil separator 分油器，油水分离器，隔油池oil-and-water trap 油水收集器，油水阱olfaction 嗅觉olfactory sense 嗅觉oligotrophic 贫营养的on-site treatment systems 就地处理系统open channel flow 明渠流open ditch 明渠operating rules 操作规程operation manual （产品）使用说明书operational research 运筹学opposing reaction 对抗反应，对峙反应order of magnitude 数量级order of reaction 反应级数ordinance 法令，条例ordinary pressure 常压organic carbon(OC) 有机碳organic polyelectrolyte 有机高分子电解质organic polymer 有机聚合物organism 有机体，生物体organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orifice column 筛板塔original concentration 原始浓度ORP (oxidation。
考研复试30道常见口语问题+回答
1.What is your greatest weakness?（缺点）Thank you for your question. In my opinion ,my greatest weakness is that I can’t refuse others, and I will always say yes to other’s needs. But sometimes, these requirements will bring a lot of trouble and inconvenience to my own life and study. For example ,if some classmates did not finish their homework on time ,they would directly refer to the content I had finished. I knew it was wrong, but I felt embarrassed to refuse. Since I became aware of this problem, I have been constantly trying to change and help others as much as I can reasonably afford.2.What is your greatest strength?（优点）Thank you for your question. I think my greatest strength is that I work hard. I will try my best to do everything well. In this process, I will learn a lot and broaden my horizons. During the undergraduate period, I would throughly understand every knowledge point and put what I learn into practice during the study of professional theoretical courses .In a word, every time I successfully complete a task ,I will feel a great sense of achievement and get great happiness.3.Why did you choose this university?（选择学校）Thank you for your question. I choose this school for the following reasons. First of all, our school has a strong learning atmosphere and strong competitiveness in this field. Secondly, there are many excellent professional teachers in our school, where I can get more profession guidance. Thirdly, I like the cultural atmosphere of our school very much. I believe that studying here allows me to meet a better self. Sincerely hope you can give me a chance. Thanks for your attention .4.What do you do in your spare time?（空闲时间，兴趣爱好）Thank you for your question. I usually use my spare time to read books, such as some excellent literary works. First of all, through reading all kinds of books, I can enhance my cognition of the world and broaden my vision. Second, reading helps to improve one’s cultural accomplishment and enrich one’s inner world. In a word, reading has become an indispensable part of my life.5.What is your plan in the next two years if you are admitted to study in this university?（研究生规划）Thank you for your question. During my postgraduate study, firstly, I will learn every courses well. Secondly, I will read as many books and papers of my major as possible, so as to enhance my academic ability. And I will gradually clear the topic of my graduation thesis on this basis. At the same time ,I hope to improve myself and get exercise under the guidance of the teacher. I will also participate in the educational practice actively. I really hope I can have the opportunity to pursue my master’s degree in our major.6.Tell me about a period when your course load was heaviest. How did you get all of your work done?（时间安排）Thank you for your question. I remember that my course load was heaviest in 2018.At that time, I not only had to attend classes and participate in the educational practice, but also prepared Teacher Qualification Test. In order to get all of work done, I planned everyday in detail and arranged my time well. I know it was such a tough time, but through my hard work, I made it and felt great sense of achievement. I know I will meet busy time in the future frequently. But Ibelieve that as long as I manage time well and improve efficiency ,noting is insurmountable .7.How do you feel about your progress to date?（进步）Thank you for your question. Compared with myself from two years ago, I have made great progress in aspects of study and life. In terms of study, I have learned more and worked harder. In terms of life, my social as well as communicative abilities have improved a lot and I am more and more outgoing .Without doubts, I will meet more challenges and difficulties in the future. But I believe that I will make greater progress if I keep modest and persevering.8.What is your greatest accomplishment?（成就）Thank you for your question. In my opinion, my greatest accomplishment is my decision to prepare and attend the postgraduate entrance examination. Because I learned a lot during the process of struggling for it and luckily I passed the written exam to be a candidate in this interview. It is this experience that makes me realize that I am so diligent, brave and persevering. No matter what difficulties and frustrations I will confront with in the future, I have confidence to face and struggle with it.9.Why did you choose this major?（选择专业）Thank you for your question. I choose this major for the following reasons. Firstly, my major is also Primary Education when I was an undergraduate. So I want to expand my scope of knowledge in this field. Secondly, I have a great interest in Primary Education. I found that Primary Education can bring me a great sense of achievement and I really enjoy it. Thirdly, we all know Primary Education is important for every child. Therefore, it is one of my dreams to help students acquire knowledge. All in all ,this major is meaningful for me.10.What would you like to be doing two years after graduation?（未来规划）Thank you for your question. I would like to divide my future plans into following parts: Firstly, if I am lucky enough to be admitted to this university, after graduation, I will be a primary school’s teacher. I will devote all my time and energy to my work and my students. Secondly, learning is a lifelong career. Therefore, I will make good use of my spare time reading books I like and attending activities relevant to my major. Thirdly ,I will keep doing exercises. Only when I am healthy will I be able to do what I like in the long run.11.What qualities do you think teachers should have?（专业问题）Thank you for your question. Firstly, teachers should have magnificent virtue. Teachers should love the educational career, students and the collectives. Secondly, teachers should have a generous culture. Thirdly, teachers should have special educational qualities. Such as theoretical attainment, ability literacy and research accomplishment. Lastly, teachers should have healthy psychological quality.12.What thing do you think is difficult to do?（困难的事）Thank you for your question. Without doubts, I think English is most difficult for me, especially spoken English. The biggest problem is that I cannot communicate with foreigners freely. Sometimes I suppose that they may not understand what I say. But I never lose my confidence toovercome it. It doesn’t make me discouragement, on the contrary ,I will actively think measure to conquer it and put measure into practice ,I am sure I will succeed in the end.13.What do you think of your university?（介绍大学）Thank you for your question. I studied in Chongqing normal university. It’s scientific research strength and hardware equipments are good. Furthermore, the professional teachers with great patience comforted my study anxiety a lot. My classmates motivated me to study hard and never give up when I got exhausted. So I was bathed in the strong academic atmosphere for a long time. All in all ,I am very grateful to my undergraduate school, because it gave me an unforgettable memory of four years and a chance to improve myself.14.Can you introduce your family?（家庭）Thank you for your question. When I was young, my parents have divorced. Now, I live with my mother, and my father has a new family. Although my family is incomplete, I am also well-being .My parents give me enough sense of security and happiness ,I am allowed to make my own decisions with my parents’ useful suggestions. All in all, I love my parents very much and I will study harder to repay them.15.What is the difference between academic and education?（学术研究和教育）Thank you for your question. It is a large difference between academic and education. Academic is used to describe things that relate to the work done in schools, colleges, and universities, especially work that involves studying and reasoning rather than practical or technical skills. Unlike academic, education involves teaching people various subjects, usually at a school or college ,or being taught.16.Why body language is very important?（肢体语言）Thank you for your question. I think body language is very important in class. It is a universal language in the world ,so it is easy to convey teacher’s thoughts and ideas freely. If a teacher can use body language and gesture correctly, it can arouse the students’ interest and attract the students’ attention. Thus it can make the class lively and interesting. What’s more, in a way ,body language can show that you have a smooth interpersonal relation with your students.17.Can you give me a brief introduction of your hometown ?（家乡）Thank you for your question. I come from Chongqing, a mountain city with beautiful scenery and outstanding people. It is the youngest municipality in China, and is also a good place for food and tourism. Chongqing’s food, the best to count the hotpot. Chongqing also has roast fish, hot and sour powder, noodles and other delicacies. Chongqing is a tourist attraction, such as the famous Jinfo Mountain, Fairy Mountain. If you get a chance to come to my hometown, it’s my pleasure to guide you.18.What would you do if you failed in this exam?（考研失败）Thank you for your question. If I couldn’t pass the test this time, it means that I still have imperfections in some aspects, such as inadequate professional knowledge or lack of logical thinking ability .I will face these problems squarely ,read more professional books in my futurestudies, and develop the habit of active thinking. On this basis, I will continue to study and strive to do better. No matter what result is ,I will never regret the efforts I have it in, and I will not give up chasing my dreams.19.Is English important to postgraduates?（英语重要性）Thank you for your question. Absolutely, English is very important to postgraduates. Firstly, postgraduates have to read large amounts of foreign literature, which is usually written in English. If a postgraduate can’t read English literature smoothly, he will be difficult to get a deeper understanding of his research. Secondly, sometimes postgraduates are supposed to write papers in English, such as publishing papers in foreign journals. Therefore ,it’s necessary for postgraduates to keep on learning English.20.Why did you take the postgraduate entrance examination?（为什么考研）Thank you for your question. Although I have acquired the essential knowledge of my major, I am not easily satisfied with it ,because there is still too much I don’t know. I will not be competent to do things professionally owing to lack of ample knowledge and ability .So I think it is necessary to seize any chance for self-development. This is a very important reason for me to take the postgraduate exam. I really hope I can have the opportunity to pursue my master’s degree in our major.21.What is your favorite book?（最喜欢的书）Thank you for your question. I read the book Summerhill School by Neil. Summerhill School is known as “the most humanized happy school” .“Neil believes that School should be adapted to their students ,not the other way around.” The goal of Summerhill School is to let children be free and happy people. This book shows me a school that is completely different from Chinese schools.I think the education in Summerhill School is the ideal education mode, which is worthy of our reference.22.What is “education ”?（什么是教育）Thank you for your question. In today’s world ,education is essential. Education is not only need to teach on the essential skills of the working world, but also help people to prepare the mind to make sane, healthy, and intelligent decisions about any situation that one may encounter on life’s journey. A good education helps one to determine between what is right and what is wrong. Although there are several benefit to a good education, the main benefit is that it makes one a better person in all aspects of their life.23.How do you balance the time between your work and study?（平衡工作学习）Thank you for your question. I balance my time between my work and study by 4 ways. Firstly, I will focus on study or work, I really clear my aim and make a clear timetable. Secondly, raising my learning and working efficiency. Thirdly, I will pay attention to some learning method and hold some skills which save my time and energy .Lastly, I will calm down myself at first and make a comparison of my work and study, so as to make the best choice.24.What have you learned from the job you have worked for?（从工作中学到什么）Thank you for your question .I have learned a lot from my job. Firstly, teachers must have good professional quality, such as theoretical attainment, ability literacy and research accomplishment. Secondly, it is advisable for me to let my own class full of passion and learn how to have a sense of humor. Thirdly, I should to learn with good people. Lastly, it is important for every teachers :unconditional to love students.25.Please introduce your graduation thesis.（毕业论文）Thank you for your question. My undergraduate thesis is mainly about the problems in the system of Primary Education (general teacher)major’s professional internship .The purpose of this research is to improve the internship system and provide reference for the follow up research and educational internship activities. I learned a lot not only in professional aspects, but also in the way of dealing with all kinds of issues, which have laid a soild foundation for my future postgraduate study.26.What course do you remember most?（最喜欢的课程）Thank you for your question. My favorite course is《Math curriculum and teaching in primary school》.The reason why I like it at the begining is that the teacher who taught this course is humorous and considerate. But as I further gained the knowledge of this course, I found that I was increasingly interested in it. So I usually devoted more time and energy into this course than others, and I decided to be a math teacher in the future.27.What are the differences of study between undergraduate and postgraduate?（本科生研究生区别）Thank you for your question .In my opinion, what a undergraduate needs to do is to attend classes and gain basic knowledge related to major from courses and books. But what a postgraduate needs to do is to read large amounts of literature, explore in a certain field and publish high quality paper. More importantly, a postgraduate has to be creative. A qualified postgraduate has to do research and make contributions to a certain field with the guidance of the teachers.28.Tell me something about double reduction.（双减）Thank you for your question .The double reduction policy aims to reduce the excessive homework load and after school tutoring hours for students in compulsory education. In my opinion, the advantages of this policy outweigh the disadvantages. Firstly, students’ academic burden has been reduced greatly . Secondly, parents’ financial burden has also been lessened largely. They don’t need to spend all the money in signing up for extra courses for their children in order to vie with others.29.If there were an opportunity to study abroad, what would you do?（出国留学）Thank you for your question. If there were an opportunity for me to study abroad, I would go without hesitation. Firstly, it’s one of my dreams to go abroad to travel and broaden my horizons. Secondly, If I am bathed in the English environment for a long time, my spoken English will improve rapidly. Thirdly, I can secure more knowledge to improve myself continuously .All in all, it would be an unforgettable memory in my whole life.30.How do you overcome with difficulties?（解决困难）Thank you for your question. There is no doubt that no one can live without difficulties. Difficulty is not terrible, but your lack of courage to overcome the difficulties that is scary. When I meet difficulties, I usually encourage myself first. I always tell myself that there is nothing insurmountable. Just take them in your stride. Next, I make a detailed plan carefully about how to deal with it. And then, I take some actions to overcome it. Sometimes the process is quite tough ,but I believe that success is sure to wait for me at the end of the tunnel.没听清提问：I’m very sorry. I didn’t understand your question. Could you please repeat it again?没听懂意思：Could you please put it another way?不知道怎么回答：Sorry ,teacher, to be honest, I don’t have a deep understanding of this question. I will read books about it to gain more knowledge and figure out this question after the interview.。
环境工程专业英语试题
环境工程专业英语试题一、英汉互译1. oxidizing agent——氧化剂2. activated sludge——活性污泥3. water purification——水净化4. protozoa——原生动物5. nitrogen dioxide——二氧化氮6. phosphate——磷酸盐7. the dew point——露点8. food additives——食品添加剂9. chemical plant——化工厂air pollutant——一次大气污染物analysis——定性分析problem——环境问题combustion——不完全燃烧oxidants——光化学氧化剂solid——悬浮固体16.气布比——air to cloth ratio17.一氧化碳——carbon monoxide 18.酵母——yeast19.紫外线——ultraviolet light 20.反向渗透——reverse osmosis21.水资源——water resource 22.有机物质——organic matter23.地表水——surface water 24.引风机——draft fan25.生物鉴定——bioassay 26.副产品——by-products27.环境容量——environmental capacity 28.供水，给水——water supply29.吸附——adsorption 30.环境污染——environmental pollution二、英译汉1.Protection of public health, the original purpose of pollution control, continues to be theprimary objective in many areas. However, preservation of water resources, protection offishing areas, and maintenance of recreational waters are additional concerns today.污染控制的最初目的是保护公众的健康，在许多地方这仍然是主要目的。
环境工程-考研英语复试专业问题
1. Environmental ProblemsThe environment is our physical surroundings. This includes both human (man-made), social and physical (natural) features. Natural features include soil, the atmosphere, vegetation and wildlife. Human features include housing, transport and industry. Social features include things such as culture, language and political systems.Geographers are concerned about human action in the environment. Human interference with the environment causes problems such as soil erosion, global warming and acid.You may ask how we as individuals can have an impact on the environment. Our actions can help to increase and decrease the problems highlighted above. For example turning off lights that are not being used helps to reduce global warming.Questions：1．What is the environment?2．How can we help to decrease the global warming problems?Global WarmingGlobal warming is the worldwide warming of the atmosphere.To understand global warming you first need to know about the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that controls the balance of heat within the earth's atmosphere. It is the process whereby the natural layer of gases in our atmosphere trap a small percentage of the sun's radiation reflected from the earth's surface. Without the greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature would be about -18 degrees Celsius.Global warming is caused by the increases in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases being released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels. These gases add to the natural greenhouse effect. Causing global temperatures to rise.Questions：1.What is global warming?2.What causes global warming?Atmospheric particulate matterIn recent years,our country appear much haze weather,which is now often referred to PM2.5.Specifically,PM2.5 is in the atmosphere of diameter less than or equal to 2.5 micron particles,which is also known as enters the lung particle matter.Its diameter is less than the thickness of a human hair 1/20.Atmospheric particulate matter- also known as particulates or particulate matter(PM) - are tiny pieces of solid or liquid matter associated with the Earth's atmosphere. They are suspended in the atmosphere as atmospheric aerosol, a term which refers to the particulate/air mixture, as opposed to the particulate matter alone. However, it is common to use the term aerosol to refer to the particulate component alone.Some particulates occur naturally, originating from volcanoes, dust storms, forest and grassland fires, living vegetation, and sea spray. Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels in vehicles, power plants and various industrial processes also generate significant amounts of particulates. Coal combustion in developing countries is the primary method for heating homes and supplying energy.Particulate matter emissions are highly regulated in most industrialized countries. Due to environmental concerns, most industries are required to operate some kind of dust collection system to control particulate emissions. These systems include inertial collectors (cyclone collectors), fabric filter collectors (baghouses), wet scrubbers, and electrostatic precipitators.Questions:1、1.What is Atmospheric particulate matter?2.What causes global warming?The acidity of acid rainAcidity in rain is measured by collecting samples of rain and measuring its pH. To find the distribution of rain acidity, weather conditions are monitored and rain samples are collected at sites all over the country. The areas of greatest acidity (lowest pH values) are located in the Northeastern United States. This pattern of high acidity is caused by the large number of cities, the dense population, and the concentration of power and industrial plants in the Northeast. In addition, the prevailing wind direction brings storms and pollution to the Northeast from the Midwest, and dust from the soil and rocks in the Northeastern United States is less likely to neutralize acidity in the rain.Questions：1.How do we measure the acidity of rain?2.How do the density of power plants affect acidic rain?4. The Greenhouse EffectGreenhouse effect is the effect produced by the accumulation of carbon dioxide crystals and water vapor in the upper atmosphere, which insulates the earth and raises the atmospheric temperature by preventing heat loss. Chlorofluorocarbons also help create the greenhouse effect.A number of gases in the atmosphere are transparent to incoming sunlight but absorb the heat emitted from the Earth's surface and reradiate it in all directions, including back toward the surface. As a result, the surface is warmed more than it would have been in the absence of these gases, which serve a purpose similar to that of the glass walls of a greenhouse.Global warming refers to the enhancement of the natural greenhouse effect due to rising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases resulting from human activities.Questions：1. What is the greenhouse effect?2.How to reduce atmospheric particulate pollution？3. WATER POLLUTIONComprising over 70% of the Earth’s surface, water is undoubtedly the most precious natural resource that exists on our planet. Without the seemingly invaluable compound comprised of hydrogen and oxygen, life on Earth would be non-existent: it is essential for everything on our planet to grow and prosper. Although we as humans recognize this fact, we disregard it by polluting our rivers, lakes, and oceans. Subsequently, we are slowly but surely harming our planet to the point where organisms are dying at a very alarming rate. In addition to innocent organisms dying off, our drinking water has become greatly affected as is our ability to use water for recreational purposes. In order to combat water pollution, we must understand the problems and become part of the solution.Questions：1.Why is it important for us to understand the water pollution problems?2.How important is water for our human being?What is acid rain?The term "acid rain" is commonly used to mean the deposition of acidic components in rain, snow, fog, dew, or dry particles. The more accurate term is "acid precipitation." Distilled water, which contains no carbon dioxide, has a neutral pH of 7. Liquids with a pH less than 7 are acid, and those with a pH greater than 7 are alkaline (or basic). "Clean" or unpolluted rain has a slightly acidic pH of 5.6, because carbon dioxide and water in the air react together to form carbonic acid, a weak acid. Around Washington, D.C., however, the average rain pH is between 4.2 and 4.4.The extra acidity in rain comes from the reaction of air pollutants, primarily sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, with water in the air to form strong acids (like sulfuric and nitric acid). The main sources of these pollutants are vehicles and industrial and power-generating plants. In Washington, the main local sources are cars, trucks, and buses.Questions:What is the pH of the clean rain?Why is the pH of clean rain less than 7?The acidity of acid rain（2）Acidity in rain is measured by collecting samples of rain and measuring its pH. To find the distribution of rain acidity, weather conditions are monitored and rain samples are collected at sites all over the country. The areas of greatest acidity (lowest pH values) are located in the Northeastern United States. This pattern of high acidity is caused by the large number of cities, the dense population, and the concentration of power and industrial plants in the Northeast. In addition, the prevailing wind direction brings storms and pollution to the Northeast from the Midwest, and dust from the soil and rocks in the Northeastern United States is less likely to neutralize acidity in the rain.Questions：How do we measure the acidity of rain?How do the density of power plants affect acidic rain?1.Which kind of professor do you like best?2.What impressed you most when you were atuniversity?3.Do you think the subjects you are studying today arerelevant to present-day society?Why?4.Does your family support your decision on studying?What help do they offer?5.Where have you been traveling to?Which placeinterested you most?6.What do you think about the relationship between education andemployment after graduation from the University可编辑可修改7. .8.9. .10.11.欢迎下载，希望能帮到您。
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)环境污染 (Environmental Pollution)大气污染 (Air Pollution)- 空气质量指数 (Air Quality Index, AQI)- 酸雨 (Acid Rain)- 二氧化硫 (Sulfur Dioxide, SO2)- 氮氧化物 (Nitrogen Oxides, NOx)- 悬浮颗粒物 (Particulate Matter, PM)- 光化学烟雾 (Photochemical Smog)- 臭氧层破坏 (Ozone Depletion)- 温室效应 (Greenhouse Effect)水污染 (Water Pollution)- 水质标准 (Water Quality Standards)- 水体富营养化 (Eutrophication)- 水生生物 (Aquatic Organisms)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 悬浮物 (Suspended Solids)- 生活污水 (Domestic Wastewater)- 工业废水 (Industrial Wastewater)- 河流富营养化 (River Eutrophication)- 水下沉积物 (Sediment)- 藻类水华 (Algal Blooms)土壤污染 (Soil Pollution)- 土壤污染物 (Soil Pollutants)- 农药残留 (Pesticide Residues)- 有机污染物 (Organic Pollutants)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 土壤酸化 (Soil Acidification)- 土壤侵蚀 (Soil Erosion)环境保护法律 (Environmental Protection Laws)大气污染防治法 (Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 大气污染物排放控制 (Air Pollutant Emission Control)- 大气污染责任追究 (Air Pollution Liability)水污染防治法 (Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 水污染排放标准 (Water Pollutant Discharge Standards)- 水污染控制区划 (Water Pollution Control Zones)- 水污染防治设施 (Water Pollution Control Facilities)土壤污染防治法 (Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 土壤环境质量标准 (Soil Environmental Quality Standards)- 土壤污染调查与评价 (Soil Pollution Investigation and Assessment)> 注意：以上仅为部分词汇和法律名称示例，更多内容可根据需要进行扩展和更新。
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇
环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类;环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment 生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis 环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification 环境效应environmental effect 环境容量environmental capacity 环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值本底值environmental background value环境保护产业环保产业environmental production industry环境壁垒绿色壁垒environmental barrier绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题社会环境问题the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant 全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge可再生资源renewable resources 不可再生资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area 防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater 矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration 沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population 全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS 中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二恶英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London 水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地表水surface water水位water level下渗入渗sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层不透水层aquiclude透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水有压层间水confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水喀斯特水karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection 淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation 降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失土壤侵蚀soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution 面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物底质或底泥benthal deposit总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮红潮red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment 海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality 水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区水质功能区functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification 土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化土壤盐碱化soilsalination土壤酸化soil acidification母质土壤母质或成土母质parent material土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer 缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin 土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化土壤贫瘠化soil degeneration土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation 臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度precipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment 烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion 烟羽烟流或羽流plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance 最小因子定律law of minimum 生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress 生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock 过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎渔期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant 急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone 敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt 沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors 边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration 恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen 表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH催化催化作用catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog 大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulatesTSP飘尘可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘airborne particle降尘落尘dustfall；falling dust 气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon 溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式氧垂曲线oxygen balance model吸收剂吸附剂absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant 有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane 灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis 水质分析water quality analysis 比色分析colorimetric analysis 沉降分析sedimentation analysis 自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography 气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution 移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter 水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater 常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant 总固体total solids可吸入微粒可吸入尘和飘尘inhale particles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性重现性reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis 内标法internal marker method 定性分析qualitative analysis 定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis 相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution 水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge 超临界流体supercritical fluid 土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射光visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity 相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature 热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏亏氧量oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved 无污染燃料pollution-free fuel 燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio 烟气分析analysis of flue gas 煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal脱硫desulfurization 除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失压力降pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector 重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag housewith reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning 静电除尘electrostatic precipitator ESP电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity 集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器两段式电除尘器two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber 中心喷雾旋风洗涤器cyclone spray scrubber泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber 填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber 双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control 穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization FGD湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control ofNOxby absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with alkali 吸附法控制氮氧化物control ofNOxby adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NOx by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal 生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant 污水处理厂wastewater treatment 给水污水处理构筑物water sewagetreatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板斜管沉淀池sloping plankpipesettling tank 辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation 气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressuredissolved-air floatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process压力过滤法pressure filtrationprocess真空过滤法vacuum filtration process快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter 双层滤料滤池double layer filter 无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process 反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane 萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method废水好氧/厌氧处理biologicalaerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio 污泥容积指数sludge velum index 污泥负荷volume loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method 延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surfaceaerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter 化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tankintermittent aeration tank system需氧池－间歇池A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop process Bardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox process UCT工艺university of cape town VIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池AFanaerobic filter 厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludge blanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration 真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter 离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank 污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification 石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes 筛分screening of solid wastes 风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene环境毒理学environmental toxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease 流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease 慢性毒性chronic toxicity 急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose 卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissible concentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethalconcentrationLD50剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit valueTLV 高危人群population at high risk 易感人群susceptible population环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics 环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning 环境决策分析environmental decision analysis总量控制total discharge control of pollutant浓度控制concentration control 排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education 环境意识environmental consciousness环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment 公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects 协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area 环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system环境监测environment monitoring 环境标志environmental label清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard“三同时”制度three simultaneity system 排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent 限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system ofenvironmental pollution accident reporting中华人民共和国环境保护法Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国水污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution中华人民共和国大气污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste 中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China全国生态环境建设规划national eco-environmental construction plan全国生态环境保护纲要national compendium on eco-environmental protection地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard 大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3Rreducing, reusing, recycling生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics 外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management 集约经营intensive management 自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier 国民生产总值gross national productionGNP国民生产净值net national productionNNP国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban populationratio of used gas城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit 成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product 最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/dischargecoefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate 人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion 计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics 人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
环境工程专业英语汇总
专业英语环境：environment环境工程：environmentalengineering环境保护：environmentalprotection环境意识：environmentalconsciousness/awareness环境问题：environmentalissue/problem环境效应：environmentaleffect环境污染：environmentalpollution环境要素：environmentalelements环境因子：environmentalfactors环境化学：environmentalchemistry环境生态学：environmentalecology环境质量：environmentalquality环境自净作用：environmentalself-purification/self-cleansing 水环境：watershed水体：waterbody流域：watershed水质：waterquality水资源：waterresources供水：watersupply废水：wastewater水处理：watertreatment物理性水质指标：physicalindicateofwaterquality水污染物：waterpollutant生物性水质指标：biologicalwater-qualityindex水质标准：waterqualitystandard化学性水质指标：chemicalwater-qualityindexDS：dissolvedsolidsBOD：biochemicaloxygendemandTDS：totaldissolvedsolidsCOD：chemicaloxygendemand TSS：totalsuspendedsolidsDO：dissolvedoxygenTOC：totalorganiccarbonPH值：TN：总氮totalnitrogenTP：总磷phosphorusZn：zincCu：CopperAs：arsenicCd：CadmiumCr：chromiumNi：NickelHg：mercuryPb：plumbum物理处理：physicaltreatment过滤：screening生物处理：biologicaltreatment沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemicaltreatment气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemicaltreatment蒸发：evaporation稀释：dilution扩散：dispersion吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobictreatment生物膜法：bio-membraneprocess 厌氧处理：anaerobictreatment生物滤池：tricklingfilters 活性污泥法：activatedsludgeprocess生物接触氧化：biologicalcontactSBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯StyreneButadieneRubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket活性污泥：activatedsludge改进型：modification一级处理：primarytreatment二级处理：secondarytreatment三级处理：tertiarytreatment高级氧化处理：advancedtreatment生活污水：domesticwastewater 生产废水：industrialwastewater城市生活污水：municipalwastewater电镀废水：metalplatingplants印染废水：pulpandpaperindustrieswastewater浊度：turbidity 硬度：hardness水质净化：waterqualitypurifies混凝沉淀：coagulateflocculatingagent活性炭吸附：activatedcarbonadsorption隔油池：oilseparationtank中和池：neutralizationtank调节池：adjustingtank生物反应池：biologicalreactor加药设备：physicalequipment沉淀池：sedimentationtank初沉池：primarysedimentationtank二沉池：secondarysedimentationtank絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulateflocculant生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation飘尘：floatingdust可吸入颗粒物：inhalableparticles能见度：visibility酸雨：acidrain一次污染物：primarypollutant二次污染物：secondarypollutant氮氧化物：nitrogenoxides 硫氧化物：sulfuroxides硫化氢：hydrogensulfide碳氧化物：carbonoxides硝酸：nitricacid盐酸：hydrochloricacid硫酸：sulfuricacid二氧化硫：sulfurdioxide除尘工艺：Dustremoval吸收：absorption吸附：adsorption静电除尘：electricdustprecipitation重力除尘：gravitationalsettling臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemicalsmoke喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging 土壤：soil热污染：temperaturechange/thermalpollution 噪声：noise放射性：radioactivityEIA：environmentalimpactassessmen tCAD（计算机辅助设计）：computeraideddesign大气污染控制工程：airpollutioncontrol水污染控制工程：waterpollutioncontrol 固体废物污染控制工程：solidwastemanagement污染源：pollutionsource同化作用：assimilation固体废物：solidwastes危险废物：hazardouswastes 化学污泥chemicalsludge：生物污泥：biologicalsludge工业固废：industrialwastes分选处理：separationtreatment 矿业固废：minesolidwastes破碎处理：processing农业固废：agriculturesolidwastes压实处理：reductioninvolume污泥脱水：disposalofthesludge？污泥浓缩：sludgethickening 带式压滤：Beltfilterpress 离心脱水：centrifugaldewatering 筛分：screening堆肥和堆肥化：compostandcomposting沼气和沼气化：biogas热解与焚烧：pyrolysisandincineration 生物转化作用：biotransformation热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical固化和稳定化作用：solidificationandstabilizati on资源化：resource减量化：pollutioncontrol无害化：harmlessness固体废物全过程控制：solidwasteintegratedcontrol 固体废物污染控制：solidwasterpollutioncontrol 固体废物处理：processingandrecovery处置：disposal物质回收：materialsrecovery 物质转化：materialconversion 能量回收：energyrecovery能量转化：energyconversion1.Environmentalengineeringhasbeendefinedasthebranchofengineeringthatisconcernedwithprotectingtheenvironmentfromthepotential,deleteriouseffectsofhumanactivity,protectinghuman populationsfromtheeffectsofadverseenvironmentalfactors,andimprovingenvironmentalqualit yforhumanhealthandwell-being.（2页）环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
考研英语复试口语常见问题30例
考研英语复试口语常见问题30例1.Where do you come from?2.What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?3.What do you do during the Spring Festival?4.Tell me something about the customs of your hometown.5.Could you tell me something about your family?6.What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?7.Which kind of professor do you like best?8.What does friendship mean to you and what kind of people do you make friend with?9.What is your major?How do you like your major?10.When and where did you graduate?What qualifications have you obtained?11.What impressed you most when you were at university?12.What is the best university in your opinion?13.Do you think the subjects you are studying today are relevant to present-day society?Why?14.What do you do for a living?15.What are your job prospects?16.If you had the opportunity to change your subject,what would you do with it?17.What are your spare time interests?18.Where have you been traveling to?Which place interested you most?19.What kind of differences in the system of higher education between China and other countries?20.Do you think you will be able to cope with English-demands of your intended study program?21.What difficulties do you think you'll encounter in your studies?22.Why did you choose our university?23.If there were an opportunity of studying abroad,what would you do?24.Should you study more theory or do more practice?Give your reasons,please.25.What do you intend to do after you finish studying?26.How serious is unemployment among young people and what will you do if you cannot find a job after graduation?27.In your opinion,what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?28.What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past5years?29.How do you afford your tuition?30.Does your family support your decision on studying?What help do they offer?三、部分常考话题参考范文1.自我介绍(self-introduction)Good morning,my dear professors.It’s my pleasure to be given a chance for your interview.My name is XXX，I am XXX years old.I come from XXX,a very beautiful city.My undergraduate period will be accomplished in XXX university in July,2009,and now,I am striving for obtaining a key to your prestigious universuty.In the past two years I have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination for it has been my dream to be a postgraduate.I am open-minded,quick in thought and very fond of XXX.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngsters and I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is..I like reading books,especially those about XXX.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.In addition,I am a person with great perseverance.During my college years,I found web sign very interesting,so I learned it very hard.Therefore,I have a comparative good command of network application and I am skillful in searching for information on Internet.Well,in my spare time,I like basketball,tennis and Chinese chess.Also English is my favorite.I often go to English corner to practice my oral English,and write compositions to improve my written ability.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning.Of course,if I am givena chance to study XXX in this famous University,I will concentrate on my study and make great efforts to master a good command of advance XXX.Ok,that is all,thank you for your attention.2.考研原因(reasons for my choice)There are several reasons accounting for my endeavor.Above all,I have been deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when I came here last summer.In my opinion,as one of the most famous XXX in our country,it provides people with enough room to get further achievement.This is the first reason.The second one is I am long for doing research in XXX throughout my life.It’s a pleasure to be with my favorite XXX for lifetime.I suppose this is the most important factor in my decision.Thirdly,I learnt a lot from my XXX job during the past two years.However,I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.Life is precious.It is necessary to seize any chance forself-development,especially in this competitive modern world.In a word,I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.3.研究生期间你的计划(plans in the postgraduate study)First,I hope I can form systematic view of XXX.As for XXX,my express wish is to get a complete comprehension of the formation and development as well as XXX.If possible,I will go on with my study for doctorate degree.In a word,I am looking forward to making a solid foundation for future profession after two years study here.4.介绍你的家乡(about hometown)I am from XXX,a famous city with a long history over2,200years.It is called XXX because there were lots of XXX even900years ago.The city lies in the eastern part of the province.It is the center of politics,economy and culture.Many celebrities were born here,for instance,XXX，XXX and XXX.. You know,there is a saying that“The greatness of a man lends a glory to a place”.I think the cityreally deserves it.In addition,it is famous for the hot springs.They are known for high-quality.Visitors at home and abroad feel it comfortable bathing here.There is my beloved hometown.5.你的家庭(about family)There are four members in my family:my parents,my XXX and me.My father is a technician in XXX. He often goes out on business and therefore,most of the housework is done by my industrious mom. Climbing at weekends is our common interest.The fresh air and natural beauty can help us get rid of tiredness.They can strengthen our relation,too.During my prepareing for coming here,my parents’love and support have always been my power and I hope in the future I wil be able to repay them.6.你的大学(about university)XXX University is the oldest one in the province.It was founded in XXX and covers an area of over XXX.The building area is XXX square meters.It develops into a comprehensive university with efforts of generations,especially after the reform and opening up.It takes the lead among the XXX universities with excellent teaching and scientific research ability.The library has the storage of XXX books and various research institutes are set up including XXX research centers.There are teaching research experimental bases.For example,the computer center,analyzing-test center,modern education technical center and so on.四、硕士期间的学习和研究计划倘若能顺利保送贵校环境工程硕士研究生的话，我将着重在以下几个方面继续努力：（一）专业知识的学习。
(完整版)环境工程专业英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain 酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境损坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases 有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases 水传染的疾病 agrarian society农业社会 industrial society工业社会 industrial revolution家产革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country 发达国家developing country 发展中国家 undeveloped country 落伍国家 primary air pollutant一次大气污染物 secondary air pollutant 二次大气污染物monoxide 一氧化物 dioxide 二氧化物 trioxide 三氧化物 carbon monoxide一氧化碳 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫 nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮 nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides 碳氮化物sulfur oxides 硫氧化物nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物 photochemical oxidants 光化学氧化物 particulates 颗粒物inorganic compound 无机化合物 organic compound 有机化合物 radioactive substance放射性物质heat 热noise噪声 contaminant污染物strength 强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机因素suspended solids(SS)固体悬浮物volatile s uspended solids(VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter 有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD 化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand,BOD 生化需氧量biodegradable 可微生物分解的 contamination 污染recontamination 再污染groundwater地下水surface water 地表水 restriction 限制colloid 胶体 screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation 积淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration 曝气softening 融化activated carbon 活性炭 adsorption吸附reverse osmosis 反浸透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process 生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached -growth 吸着生长 suspended-growth 悬浮生长 shock loading 冲击负荷organic loading 有机负荷 mixed liquor suspended solids 混淆液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预办理工艺primary clarifier 初沉池 equalization basin 均质池 biological treatment process生物处理工艺 aeration basin 曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池 biomass生物质 heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time(HRT) 水力逗留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥逗留时间solid waste 固体废物municipal 城市化industrial工业的agricultural 农业的hazardous 危险的residential住所的commercial 商业的 putrescible 易腐化的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的 explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration:焚烧composting:堆肥compaction:压实，紧凑sanitary landfill 卫生填埋balance 剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse 垃圾municipal waste 城市垃圾perform:执行shut down:关闭energy recovery 能量回收 incomplete combustion不完整焚烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积减小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation 生化降解equalization basin 调理池aeration basin 曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank积淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧 suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破裂biofilm 生物膜well -compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning 大批焚烧 fluidized fed incarceration 硫化床焚烧法soil conditioners 土壤改进剂温室效应 greenhouse effect由 CO2惹起的 caust by CO2世界碳估算 the world carbon budget天气自然颠簸 natural fluctuations全世界变暖 global warming 厌氧的 anaerobic腐化 Putrefied甲烷 methane 臭氧层 ozone layer天气模型 climatic model 正常浓度： normal concentration严重污染物： heavily polluted决定因素： determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants液体微滴：liquid particulates含硫的： sulfur -containing放射性物质： radioactiue substance 汽车尾气： automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、 Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch,smell, and taste.环境是我们四周的物理和生物环境，我们能够看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品味到的。
研究生复试常见英文问题及回答(英汉对照)
研究生复试常见英文提问及回答（英汉对照）1、What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?作为一名研究生，需要承担什么社会责任呢?I think a post-graduate should shoulder more responsibilities than other citizens, such as forming a good scholar image for our society and working out useful research results.我认为研究生应该比其他公民承担更多的责任，比如为我们的社会树立良好的学者形象，并得出有用的研究成果。
2、What does friendship mean to you and what kind of people do you make friend with?友谊对你意味着什么,你会和什么样的人做朋友?Friendship means a lot to me, it’s not only a part of my life but is an important part.友谊对我来说意义重大,它不仅是我生活的一部分,也是其重要的组成部分。
Friends will always encourage me when I feel upset and give me useful tips.朋友总是鼓励我,当我不开心的时候,给我有用的提示。
I usually make friends with people who have the similar hobbies or characteristics with m我通常人交朋友有类似的爱好或特征和我在一起。
3、What is your major?你的专业是什么?My major is chinese language and literature.我的专业是中国语言及文学。
(完整版)环境工程专业英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境破坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases水传染的疾病agrarian society农业社会industrial society工业社会industrial revolution产业革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country发达国家developing country发展中国家undeveloped country落后国家primary air pollutant一次大气污染物secondary air pollutant二次大气污染物monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化碳sulfur dioxide二氧化硫sulfur trioxide三氧化硫nitrous oxide一氧化二氮nitric oxide一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides碳氮化物sulfur oxides硫氧化物nitrogen oxides氮氧化物hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化物particulates颗粒物inorganic compound无机化合物organic compound有机化合物radioactive substance放射性物质heat热noise噪声contaminant污染物strength强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机要素suspended solids (SS)固体悬浮物volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand, BOD生化需氧量biodegradable可微生物分解的contamination污染recontamination再污染groundwater地下水surface water地表水restriction限制colloid胶体screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation沉淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration曝气softening软化activated carbon活性炭adsorption吸附reverse osmosis反渗透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached-growth吸着生长suspended-growth悬浮生长shock loading冲击负荷organic loading有机负荷mixed liquor suspended solids混合液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预处理工艺primary clarifier初沉池equalization basin均质池biological treatment process生物处理工艺aeration basin曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池biomass生物质heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time (HRT) 水力停留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥停留时间solid waste固体废物municipal城市化industrial工业的agricultural农业的hazardous危险的residential住宅的commercial商业的putrescible易腐烂的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration: 焚烧composting: 堆肥compaction: 压实，紧凑sanitary landfill卫生填埋balance剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse垃圾municipal waste城市垃圾perform: 执行shut down: 关闭energy recovery能量回收incomplete combustion不完全燃烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积缩小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation生化降解equalization basin调节池aeration basin曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank沉淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破碎biofilm生物膜well-compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning大量燃烧fluidized fed incarceration硫化床燃烧法soil conditioners土壤改良剂温室效应greenhouse effect 由CO2引起的caust by CO2 世界碳预算the world carbon budget 天气自然波动natural fluctuations 全球变暖global warming 厌氧的anaerobic 腐烂Putrefied 甲烷methane 臭氧层ozone layer 气候模型climatic model 正常浓度：normal concentration 严重污染物：heavily polluted 决定因素：determining factor 光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants 液体微滴：liquid particulates 含硫的：sulfur-containing 放射性物质：radioactiue substance 汽车尾气：automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste. 环境是我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品尝到的。
建筑环境与能源应用工程复试自我介绍英语
建筑环境与能源应用工程复试自我介绍英语全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Good morning/afternoon/evening,My name is [Your Name] and I am delighted to have the opportunity to introduce myself for the Architecture Environment and Energy Application Engineering postgraduate program. I hold a [Bachelor’s/Master’s] degree in [Your Major] from [Your University]. Through my academic background and professional experiences, I have developed a strong interest in sustainable architecture and renewable energy applications.During my undergraduate/master’s studies, I completed several projects related to sustainable design and energy efficiency. I have worked on designing energy-efficient buildings that utilize natural ventilation systems, passive solar design, and green roof technologies. I am particularly interested in exploring how advancements in technology can be integrated into architectural design to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions.In addition to my academic experiences, I have also gained practical experience through internships and volunteer work. I have interned with [Company/Institution] where I had the opportunity to work on a project that focused on retrofitting existing buildings with energy-efficient systems. I have also volunteered with [Organization] where I assisted in conducting energy audits for low-income households.My long-term career goal is to become a licensed architect and specialize in sustainable design and energy-efficient buildings. I believe that the Architecture Environment and Energy Application Engineering program will provide me with the necessary knowledge and skills to achieve this goal. I am particularly excited about the opportunity to collaborate with faculty members and fellow students who share similar interests and passion for sustainable architecture.In conclusion, I am confident that my academic background, practical experiences, and enthusiasm for sustainable architecture make me a strong candidate for the Architecture Environment and Energy Application Engineering program. I am eager to further develop my skills and knowledge in this field and contribute to the advancement of sustainable design practices.Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications and goals further during the interview.Sincerely,[Your Name]篇2Self-introduction for the retest of Architectural Environment and Energy Application EngineeringHello everyone, my name is [Your Name] and I am thrilled to have the opportunity to introduce myself for the retest of Architectural Environment and Energy Application Engineering. I am a passionate and dedicated student who is committed to making a meaningful impact in the field of sustainable architecture and energy management.Since my childhood, I have always been fascinated by the intricate relationship between architecture and the environment. This interest has only deepened over the years as I have learned more about the pressing environmental challenges facing our planet. I firmly believe that as a future architect, it is my duty to design buildings that not only meet the functional and aestheticneeds of the occupants but also minimize their impact on the environment.Throughout my academic journey, I have actively sought out opportunities to deepen my understanding of sustainable design principles and energy-efficient technologies. I have completed several research projects on the integration of renewable energy sources in building design and have also participated in design competitions that focus on innovative solutions for energy management.I am particularly excited about the prospect of furthering my knowledge and skills in the field of Architectural Environment and Energy Application Engineering. I am confident that this program will provide me with the tools and resources I need to become a successful professional in the field. I am eager to learn from my professors and peers, and I am excited to contribute my own ideas and perspectives to the discussion.In conclusion, I am a driven and enthusiastic individual with a strong passion for sustainable architecture and energy management. I believe that my dedication to this field, combined with my academic background and experience, make me a strong candidate for the retest of Architectural Environment and Energy Application Engineering. Thank you for considering myapplication, and I look forward to the opportunity to learn and grow with you all.篇3Self-introduction for Interview of Building Environment and Energy Application Engineering:Good morning/afternoon/evening, honorable interviewers. My name is [Your Name], and I am very pleased to have the opportunity to introduce myself to you today. I am a candidate for the Building Environment and Energy Application Engineering program.First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude for considering my application and giving me the chance to further discuss my qualifications and aspirations in this field. I believe that my academic background, work experience, and personal interests make me a strong candidate for this program.I graduated from [Your University/College] with a degree in [Your Major] and have always been passionate about sustainability and energy efficiency in buildings. During my undergraduate studies, I conducted research on innovative building materials and design strategies that reduce energyconsumption and carbon emissions. I also interned at [Company/Organization] where I had the opportunity to work on real-world projects related to energy-efficient building design and renewable energy systems.In addition to my academic and professional experiences, I am deeply committed to making a positive impact on the environment and society through my work. I believe that the Building Environment and Energy Application Engineering program will equip me with the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively address the challenges of climate change and resource depletion.In conclusion, I am confident that my background, experiences, and values align with the objectives of the Building Environment and Energy Application Engineering program. I am eager to learn from the distinguished faculty and my fellow classmates, and I am excited about the prospect of contributing to the field of sustainable building design and energy management.Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to the opportunity to further discuss how I can contribute to the program and advance my career in this field. Thank you for your time and attention.。
考研复试常见英语问题和回答
问答1个人兴趣爱好？（What are your interests and hobbies）In my spare time, I like reading books, including foreign classics, world geography and magazines at the forefront of my profession. Also, jogging makes me keep fit physically, and listening to music helps me relieve pressure. I am also enthusiastic about public welfare, helping others and gaining self growth at the same time. I once served as a volunteer in the National Movement and also participated in the volunteer teaching activities.在空闲的时间，我喜欢读书，包括外国名著、世界地理和专业前沿的杂志。
慢跑有助于锻炼身体，听音乐使我减轻压力。
同时我也热爱公益事业，在帮助别人的同时收获自身的成长。
我曾是民族运动会的志愿者也参加过支教活动。
2介绍你的家乡？（Tell me about your hometown）I come from Lankao County, Kaifeng City, and I love my hometown. Jiaoyulu once led the lankao people to plant paulownia trees to resist wind and sand and to fight against floods. Now with the help of the state and the efforts of the people, it is no longer a poor county, and many new electronic factories have been set up, and many picking gardens and agricultural bases have been built. I believe my hometown will be better and better.我来自开封市兰考县，我喜欢我的家乡。
环境工程专业英语[5篇范例]
![环境工程专业英语[5篇范例]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/409a1015dc36a32d7375a417866fb84ae45cc30b.png)
环境工程专业英语[5篇范例]第一篇：环境工程专业英语Environment is the physicsl and biotic habitat which surrounds us;that which we can see.hear, touch, smell, and taste.System.according to Wehster’ s dictionaryD , is defined as “a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole;as, a solar system, irrigation system, supply system, the world or universe”.•环境：是指我们周围的物理和生物生境，我们可以看到，听到，触到，闻到和感到这些事物。
•系统：根据韦氏字典，系统为相关和相联的一组或一系列事情形成一个单元或有机体Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biologicalcharacteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms.•污染：可以定义为空气、水或土壤的物理化学或生物特性发生恶化以至于对人类或生物有机体的健康、生存或活性造成了危害When the goal of improving environmental quality is taken to be improving humanwell-being.Theword“environment” broadens to include all kinds of social, economic, and cultural aspects.Such broadness is unworkable in many real situations and impractical in a textbook designed for a one-semester course.Our examination of environmental problems is therefore limited by our definition of “environment”.当改善环境质量的目的是用来改善人体健康时，环境这个词的含义就拓宽到包括各种社会、经济和文化方面，但这样的拓宽对许多实际情况不可行的，对为一学期时间设计的课程而言是不现实的。
(完整版)考研环境工程复试常见英语
专业英语环境：environment 环境工程：environmental engineering环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing微生物：microbe生物圈：biosphere 生态学：ecology生态系统：ecosystem 生态平衡：ecological balance生态破坏：ecological damage生物群落：biological community食物链：food chain营养级：trophic level物质循环：material cycle能量传递：energy transfer水环境：watershed 水体：water body流域：watershed 水质：water quality水资源：water resources 供水：water supply废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant生物性水质指标：biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality indexDS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygenTOC：total organic carbon PH值：TN：总氮total nitrogen TP：总磷phosphorus物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：biofilm process bio-membrane process 厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact SBR：Styrene Butadiene RubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥：activated sludge一级处理：primary treatment二级处理：secondary treatment三级处理：tertiary treatment高级氧化处理：advanced treatment生活污水：domestic wastewater生产废水：industrial wastewater城市生活污水：municipal wastewater水质净化：water quality purifies混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption调节池：adjusting tank生物反应池：biological reactor加药设备：physical equipment沉淀池：sedimentation tank初沉池：primary sedimentation tank二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulate flocculant大气环境：airshed 气体净化：atmospheric cleanup对流层：troposphere 平流层：stratosphere中间层：mesosphere热层：thermosphere 臭氧层：ozonosphere粉尘：dust 烟雾：smoke降尘：dust fall飘尘：floating dust 可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles酸雨：acid rain一次污染物：primary pollutant二次污染物：secondary pollutant吸收：absorption吸附：adsorption臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging凝聚：flocculation土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity光辐射：optical radiation大气污染控制工程：air pollution control水污染控制工程：water pollution control固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management污染物：pollutant污染源：pollution source同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes危险废物：hazardous wastes城市生活垃圾：municipal wastes化学污泥chemical sludge：生物污泥：biological sludge工业固废：industrial wastes 矿业固废：mine solid wastes农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge污泥浓缩：sludge thickening筛分：screening资源化：resource减量化：pollution control无害化：harmlessness固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution control固体废物处理：processing and recovery处置：disposal四、硕士期间的学习和研究计划倘若能顺利保送贵校环境工程硕士研究生的话，我将着重在以下几个方面继续努力：（一）专业知识的学习。
考研复试常见英语问答汇总(附答案)
考研复试常见英语问答汇总（附答案）1.本科期间的科研经历？I’m sorry.i have no experience in scientific research.but i have took part in some forum activities, course training and some other professional reports.i have learned a lot from these activities and also thought about what I will do in the future.(有的话就如实介绍)我当时是被用中文问到了这个问题，当时的回答差不多是：老师这个确实是我本科期间最遗憾的一件事情，如果在研究生阶段我一定更加注重自己这方面能力的提升。
如果有科研的机会的话，我也一定会好好把握。
供大家参考。
2.What’s your plan in the future/ during graduate student period? 对未来的计划？/研究生期间的规划？（这个问题的问法有很多，比如去到某个充满竞争的城市后，你打算怎样面对这些压力和挑战？或者你打算怎样在这个城市立足？本质上都可以归为“未来规划”方面的问题）有读博士的想法吗？有博士后继续出国学习的意愿吗？博士延毕意愿吗？Thank you for your question.My ambition is to become a doctor. I know that I have a long way to go.If I got the chance to learn Pediatrics here, I will continue to concentrate on my study and research and make good use of the three years here.Of course, I will stick to English learning, and then pass the TOEFI OR IELTS.If possible, I will continue my study for d octor’s degree here.In the future, when I become a qualified doctor, I will contribute my knowledge and experiences to clinical work.That’s all.Thank you for your time.3.What do you think about XXX University? 你觉得XXX怎么样？/(为什么选择XXX？) 为什么报考X导师？Thank you for your question.As we all know, XXX is one of the most famous hospitals in China. It provides excellent facilities and platforms for clinical study and research.The professors in this field here have excellent expertise and enjoy the authority in the world. Personally, I feel I can learn a lot from the experienced professors here. That’s all. Thank you for your time.4. Why do you choose medicine? 为什么学医？Thank you for your question, sir /madam.I was affected by my father to some extent.he is a doctor, too .I heard the story that my dad saved an old people’s life when I was a little girl, I thought it was pretty cool.so I chose the medicine when I entered college.In addition,I am a warm-hearted person. I am always willing to try my best to help others. As an old saying goes, the roses in her hand, the flavor in mine. Being a doctor can help people get rid of the disease and alleviate sufferings.These are the reasons I choose medicine as my major.That’s all. Thank you for your time.5. How do you communicate with patients or patients’ family? 如何与患者沟通？/如何处理医患关系？Thank you for your question.As far as I am concerned, from the point of the doctor, the most important is to be patient. Many patients know little about the medicine. So we should explain with easy-to-understand words when we talk with them. Sometimes, we have to repeat again and again.Well, as for patients, they should trust the doctors rather than listen to the hearsay. As we know, trust is a kind of respect. Transpositional consideration can reduce the doctor-patient contradictions.At the meantime, social media should have a positive effect on the relationship between patients and doctors.That’s all. Thank you for your time.6.Internship实习经历实习对你最大的收获Thank you for your question.I am interning in the 。
考研复试英语口语问题整理
考研复试英语问答题一、自我介绍&报考原因1.Tell me a few things about yourself. （简单介绍下自己)2.How do the people around you think of physical geography?（你周围的人是如何评价自然地理的？）3.What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past 5 years?（过去的 5 年里，在你的专业领域里你认为最重要的变化是什么？）4.Why do you choose to further your study instead of going to work after graduation?（你为什么要考研而不是就业?）5.Why did you choose our university? (你为什么选择我们学校?)6.Why did you turn professional? Why did you change majors?(你为什么跨专业？)二、未来规划7.What is your plan in the postgraduate study? （你的研究生学习规划是什么？）8.What do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute（如果你录取了，你希望在这里收获什么？）9.Which kind of professors do you like best?(你喜欢什么样的导师？)三、本科学习10.Please introduce your university.（请介绍你所在的大学/大学与高中的不同）11.What do you think of your major?(你觉得你的专业怎么样？)12.Please tell me about your study details in your college. (请告诉我你的本科学习情况)13.What have you learned from your research experience / competition experience?（你从你的科研经历/竞赛经历中学到了什么）14.What have you learned from your research experience/competition experience?（你从科研/竞赛经历中学到了什么？）15.What is your favorite subject and why?(你最喜欢哪门课程？为什么呢？)16.Do you think English is important for your future plans?（你觉得英语重要么？为什么？）17.What is your practical (scientific/part-time job) experience？（你的科研/兼职经历？）18.What have you learned from your internship experience?（你从实习经历中学到了什么？）19.Tell me something about your graduation thesis. (聊聊你的毕业论文)四、性格和爱好20.Please describe your character.（你的性格是什么样的）21.What is your greatest strength？（你最突出的优点是什么？)22.What are your weaknesses? （你的缺点是什么？）23.What are the difficult things for you?(对你来说困难的事有哪些?)24.Tell me about a bad decision you have ever made.(告诉我你曾做过的一个错误决定。
环境工程专业英语常用词汇表
环境工程专业英语常用词汇表AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统ABL 大气边界层ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心ADI 容许日摄入量ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定abatement 减低；降低；减少abiotic 无生命的；非生物的abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber （of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根；乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土；热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit（ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid（ic）snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的；受酸危害的acid—causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域；预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add—on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol （spray—）can 喷雾罐；气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐；气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林；绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲部长级环境会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A层air barrier 气障；气泡阻挡层；气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http；// airborne pollution 大气污染；空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(—based）observations 机上观测airflow 气流air—fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层；海-气边界层air—sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用；海-气相互作用air—sea interface 大气海洋界面；海—气界面albedo 反照率；反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华；藻华；藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯alkali metal 碱金属alkaline—earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯；链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施；减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积；冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布；垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气；环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利；舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3）氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液；氢氧化铵；氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite （NH4HSO3) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵；氨溶液；氨水ammonium sulphate (（NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用；氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏；反常波动anomaly 反常；异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti—desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂；防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http；//www。
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专业英语
环境：environment 环境工程： environmental engineering
环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental
consciousness/awareness
环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect
环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements
环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry
环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality
环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing
微生物：microbe
生物圈：biosphere 生态学：ecology
生态系统：ecosystem 生态平衡：ecological balance
生态破坏：ecological damage
生物群落：biological community
食物链：food chain
营养级：trophic level
物质循环：material cycle
能量传递：energy transfer
水环境：watershed 水体：water body
流域：watershed 水质：water quality
水资源：water resources 供水：water supply
废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment
物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant 生物性水质指标： biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard
化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index
DS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygen
TOC：total organic carbon PH值：
TN：总氮 total nitrogen TP：总磷 phosphorus
物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening
生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation
化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation
物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment
好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：biofilm process bio-membrane process
厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters 活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact
SBR：Styrene Butadiene Rubber
UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
活性污泥：activated sludge
一级处理：primary treatment
二级处理：secondary treatment
三级处理：tertiary treatment
高级氧化处理：advanced treatment
生活污水：domestic wastewater
生产废水：industrial wastewater
城市生活污水：municipal wastewater
水质净化：water quality purifies
混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent
活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption
调节池：adjusting tank
生物反应池：biological reactor
加药设备：physical equipment
沉淀池：sedimentation tank
初沉池：primary sedimentation tank
二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank
絮凝剂：flocculant
混凝剂：coagulate flocculant
大气环境：airshed 气体净化：atmospheric cleanup
对流层：troposphere 平流层：stratosphere
中间层：mesosphere
热层：thermosphere 臭氧层：ozonosphere
粉尘：dust 烟雾：smoke
降尘：dust fall
飘尘：floating dust 可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles
酸雨：acid rain
一次污染物： primary pollutant
二次污染物：secondary pollutant
吸收：absorption
吸附：adsorption
臭氧：ozone
光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke
喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging
凝聚：flocculation
土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution
噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity
光辐射：optical radiation
大气污染控制工程：air pollution control
水污染控制工程：water pollution control
固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management
污染物：pollutant
污染源：pollution source
同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes
危险废物：hazardous wastes
城市生活垃圾：municipal wastes
化学污泥chemical sludge：
生物污泥：biological sludge
工业固废：industrial wastes 矿业固废：mine solid wastes 农业固废：agriculture solid wastes 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge
污泥浓缩：sludge thickening
筛分：screening
资源化：resource
减量化：pollution control
无害化：harmlessness
固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution control
固体废物处理：processing and recovery
处置：disposal
四、硕士期间的学习和研究计划
倘若能顺利保送贵校环境工程硕士研究生的话，我将着重在以下几个方面继续努力：
（一）专业知识的学习。
1、结合环境工程学中水处理的内容，积极阅读相关论著，勤于思考，在理解的基础上尝试提出新的问题，并尝试着解决问题；同时也要重点关注我国江河湖泊的污染与保护现状；
2、加深并拓展对资源与环境的认知，适当地选修资源环境与可持续发展相关的课程；
3、广泛阅读与水污染控制和资源化利用有直接或间接联系的其他领域的论著，尤其是我比较感兴趣的“水环境与水生态”相关知识，拓宽从大范围利用自然生态净化机理来解决我国湖泊污染的研究视野，主要包括：河流生态学、湖泊生态学、渔业及藻类学等；
（二）应用知识的学习。
1、在目前已具备AutoCAD绘图软件使用水平的基础上，进一步熟悉实际操作与运用，增强水处理工艺实际设计能力；
2、加强英语特别是环境工程专业英语方面的自主学习，争取能自如地阅读、翻译专业相关英文学术论著，并力争自主进行英文论文的写作；
3、积极协助导师完成其科研和其他课题项目，扎实推进科学研究与创新能力的培养！
总之，在知识体系构成方面本着“立足一点，兼顾其他”的原则。
不过，在具体落实学习计划中还得与导师讨论协商，以期在有限的时间内达到最优的学习效果。
五、研究生毕业后的就业目标
至于毕业后的就业目标，我会优先考虑环保部门、高校、从事环保的相关企业和科研院所。
如果在研究生期间，个人研究能力能获得导师认可，并且自己对这门学科仍具钻研精神，我会继续攻读博士学位，争取将来能进入高校或科研院所从事教学或科学研究，为我国的环境保护工作尽自己的绵薄之力！
因为对保护环境的责任和对这个专业的热爱，所以很希望自己能在这个领域有进
一步的学习和发展。
现在很高兴自己有了这样的机会，也了解到浙江大学在这个领域处于国内领先水平，所以我非常希望能在贵校环境与资源学院完成我的研究生课程。