词汇学考试资料

1. What is the definition of a word?

A word is a minimal free form. From the lexicological point of view, a word is a combination of for m and meaning. In addition, a word acts as a strctural unit of a sentence.

3. Write out in full the following shortened words:

EEC = European Economic Community

OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

SLAM = supersonic low altitude missile; strategic low altitude missile

EDV AC = electronic discrete variable automatic computer

GEM = ground effect machine

NSC = National Security Council

ERDA = Energy Research and Development Administration

Dyno = dynamic

Aggro = aggressiveness

Chute = parachute

Pro = professional

Memo = memorandum

Fridge = refrigerator

Narc = narcotic agent of detective

Frag = fragmentation grenade

Frat = fraternity

5. Pick out the superordinates and the subordinates from the groups of words given below: 1—superordinate: vegetable; subordinates: spinach, asparagus

2—superordinate: building materials; subordinates: wood, stone

3—superordinate: fruit; subordinates: persimmon, fruit

4—superordinate: tree; subordinates: poplar, pine

7. a. Characterize the followin lexical items, using the three binary semantic features:

Tree ( - Animate, + Live, + Concrete, + Vegetative + Trunked)

Pine ( - Animate, + Live, + Concrete, + vegetative + Trunked, - Leafed)

Plant ( - Animate, + Live, + Concrete, + Vegetitive)

11. Fill the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate adverbs or prepositions:

1. A soft sea breeze set in at midnight.

2. He is wise enough to see through all these fine pretensions.

3. He set aside all objections and granted my request.

4. If land is cropped and not manured, it will run out.

5. The judge said he would hold over your case until the next sitting if the court. 延期

6. If the weather holds up, I suggest we go out on a picnic.

7. As neighterof us would give in , the bargain fell through.

8. He lets his feelings run away with his judgement.消耗掉

9. He meant to put in for a share of the profits. 申请

10. One is not sorry to see the proud pulled down.

11. He passes for a learned man in our little community.

12. He will draw back from what he has promised. 收回

13. He showed violent opposition at first, but when the scheme was fully explained, he came round to our view.

14. He will stick at nothing to accomplish his purpose.

12. Explain the meaning of the following sayings and proverbs and translate them into Chinese:

1. What can’t be cured must be endured. (不能解决的要忍受)

2. What you lose on the swings you get back on the round-about.(失之东隅，收之桑榆)

3. Like cures like.(以毒攻毒)

4. It’s a long lane that has no turning.（路必要弯，事必有变）

5. You cannot make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear.(巧妇难为无米之炊)

6. There’s many a slip’ twixt the cup and the lip.(世事往往会功亏一篑)

7. Half a loaf is better than no bread.(聊胜于无)

8. A rolling stone gathers no moss.(见异思迁的人)

9. Prevention is better than cure.(防患于未然)

10. As you make your bed, so you must lie.(自作自受)

11. He that sups with the devil must have a long spoon.(和坏人打交道，必须提高警惕)

12. The pot calls the kettle black.(责人严而律己宽)

13. The mills of God grind slowly.(天网恢恢，疏而不漏)