2018年大连市中考英语作文万能模板及写作技巧
2018年中招考试英语作文加范文【五篇】
【导语】作⽂是英语考试的重中之重,想要写出好的作⽂,可以多背多记⼀些范⽂,灵活运⽤。
以下是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的《2018年中招考试英语作⽂加范⽂【五篇】》希望对⼤家写作有所帮助。
【第⼀篇:怎样保持健康的⽣活习惯】健康的⽣活习惯对于成长中的我们是⾮常重要的。
你认为健康的⽣活习惯应当是怎样的呢?请根据下⾯的信息提⽰,写⼀篇短⽂,⾸句已给出。
信息提⽰:健康饮⾷;早睡早起,不熬夜;参加运动,强⾝健体。
要求:根据信息提⽰,把握要点,适当发挥,不逐字翻译。
字数在80词左右。
★范⽂ I think healthy habits are very important for us. All of us want to be healthy. First, we should get enough sleep during the night. We can go to bed early and get up early. Staying up late is bad for our health. Second, we must have the right kinds of food. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat. We should drink a lot of water. We should have healthy eating habits. Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies. Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day. If we don’t feel well, we should go to see the doctor at once.【第⼆篇:学做好⼈好事】 今年是学习雷锋五⼗周年纪念⽇,雷锋同志说过:“我要把有限的⽣命,投⼊到⽆限的为⼈民服务之中去。
英语作文万能模板及万能句型【八篇】
【导语】英语作文,是指用英语针对某一内容写出一篇文章,是英语考试最常见的一种题目类型,英语作文要求阅读、写作能力比较高,也是考生最容易失分的题型。
以下是为大家精心整理的内容,欢迎大家阅读。
1.英语作文万能模板及万能句型The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we notice is that 图表特点 . This means that as (进一步说明).We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个变化, the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) . The figures also tell us that图表细节二 . In the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因). / It is high time that we (发出倡议).2.英语作文万能模板及万能句型1、Many people insist that... 很多人(坚持)认为……这句话乍看没亮点,但将众人皆知的"think"换为"insist"有没有觉得高大上了许多?2、With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that... 随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为……这个可是小编当年的"杀手锏"啊,虽谈不上洋气,但正确率百分百啊,还超好记!3、A lot of people seem to think that... 很多人似乎认为……"think"终于闪亮登场,但"seem to"为整个句子增添了点婉转之感,这种客观的方式貌似较受老外(尤其腐国人)喜爱。
2018年大连市中考英语作文写作高分技巧及作文汇编
中考英语作文写作技巧及万能模板第一部分写作技巧话题一:写人记事例文:初中阶段你印象最深的又是哪位老师?请用英语写一篇题为“The Teacher I Never Forget”的作文。
内容包括:1.简要介绍老师的性格或特长;2.列举一个事例,说明老师是如何在学习上帮助或鼓励你取得进步的;3.感谢老师,祝愿老师。
The Teacher I Never ForgetHow time flies! Three years has passed since I became a middle school student. I had very good memories of my classmates and teachers. The teacher I never forget is Mr. Zhang, an English teacher. He is very kind and friendly. He helped us not only in class but also after class. About two years ago, Mr. Zhang noticed that I was worried about my poor pronunciation. So he offered me many suggestions to improve it, and he also gave me every chance possible to speak in class. With his help, my pronunciation has greatly improved.I must say many thanks to Mr. Zhang. I wish him a healthy and happy life in the future!例文:假如你是某中学的一名学生。
2018年中考英语作文参考范文
【导语】祝愿天下所有考⽣开⼼度过中考。
祝福你们旗开得胜,取得美好佳绩。
平⼼对待⾼考,你们是最棒的!仁慈的上帝会祝福你们的,相信⾃⼰,⼀定能⾏。
下⾯⽆忧考为您整理了2018年中考英语作⽂参考范⽂,欢迎关注。
范⽂⼀: My future plan I decided to be a middle teacher after college. There are many reasons contribute to this decision. Firstly, when I was a little/boy, I have been dreaming of being a teacher. It seemed so fascinate to me and I hope I can make my dream come true. And, I like so much to be with middle school students. Most of the students at that age are full of youthful spirity and I am sure their passion would pass to me. I will retain all the zest of adolescence. The most important reason is that our country needs plenty of teachers. So far, teaching is considered a tough and low-income job in China. However, if we have not enough teachers, our future will lack of excellent scientist, managers, businessmen, soldiers and even goood workers and farmers. How can our country to be strong and wealthy? I wish my country to be a better one. I am ready to be a teacher and hope all the persons with lofty ideals may dedicate themselves to this meaningful career. 范⽂⼆: Dear Mum and Dad, Time flies! I’ve been here for nearly a year. I’m very pleased to find that our school is really a good one. The students in our school work hard at their lessons. They take an active part in activities that help to improve their qualities and health. They are friendly to each other and always ready to help each other. The teachers here all enjoy their work and they love their students. They work hard and do what they can do to help their students. And the students respect their teachers. They get on well with each other. The students in our school try their best to kkp the school yard clean and tidy. They never throw waste about nor pick the flowers. In a word, I am deeply impressed by the harmonious atmosphere in this school. I love my new school. Yours, Tom为⽅便⼤家及时获取2018年中考试题、成绩、分数线信息,⽆忧考为⼴⼤考⽣整理了《全国2018年中考试题答案、成绩、分数线专题》考⽣可直接点击进⼊以下专题进⾏信息查询。
中考英语作文万能模板
中考英语作文万能模板1、中考英语作文万能模板:阐述主题题型要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述.1.阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义.2.分析并举例使其更充实.中考英语作文万能模板:解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径1.问题现状, 2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).2、中考英语作文万能模板:说明利弊题型这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)1.说明事物现状,2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)3.你对现状(或前景)的看法Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------(A的优点之二).But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法).(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).)3、中考英语作文万能模板:议论文的框架(1) 不同观点列举型(选择型)There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topicvaries from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitudeas follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand,___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is nodoubt that ___观点二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more_______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are severalpositiveaspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. Tobegin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the sametime. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.( 3 ) 答题性议论文Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solvingproblem is ___途径二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I amconcerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say,____方法_____.( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but alsoin our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importanceto practice the proverb ____谚语_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical useto stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..4、中考英语作文万能模板:图表作文的框架as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand,_______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned,I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.5、中考英语作文万能模板:现象说明文Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________, it is true that__________.There are many reasons explaining__________________________. The main reason is____________________.what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.Considering all there,________________________. For one thing_____________________, for another____________.In Conclusion____________________.中考英语作文万能模板:一种事物或现象(负面意义倾向)关于A的话题,早已引起了广泛的社会关注。
2018年中考英语作文必背范文10篇
2018年中考英语作文必背范文10篇(名师总结,值得下载背诵)这十篇英语范文涵盖了初中三年涉及到的所有英语写作话题,包括学习、健康、网络、生活、环保、交友等,会为你的英语写作提供清晰的思路和丰富的素材,多看、多记、多思,2018中考英语考场上你一定能够像这些小作者一样,写出优秀满分英语作文的!(下载下来,每天进行背诵,作文水平将迅速提高,运用到考场中,作文水平提高5-10分很轻松!)话题一:网购利弊随着互联网的发展和普及,网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了,甚至已经成了行我们日常生活的一部分了;相信同学们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进购物了,比如*****网,京东商城等;但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢? 请写一篇短文,谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。
提示词汇:网上购物shopping on the Internet(online shopping) ,京东商城【优秀满分背诵范文】Recently ,we talk about advantages and disadvantages of shopping on the Internet. Some people think that it is very easy for us to go shopping online. The shops on Internet ,for example , are open for almost 24 hours a day, so we can buy something we want at any time if we like. What's more, we needn't to wait for a longtime.However, others believe that we can only see the pictures on the Internet and can not touch or see them, It is difficult to say whether it is good or bad. We will have more problems when the things are not good. Besides, it is not a good news for some girls because they enjoy going shopping in the market with their friends.话题二:雾霾天气近年来我国多地雾霾天气不断增多,极大地影响了人们的健康与生活。
2018中考英语作文写作技巧
2018中考英语作文写作技巧初中英语作文写作技巧初中英语作文高分秘诀1. 动笔之前,认真审题《中考考试说明》指出,书面表达要切中题意。
怎样才能切中题意?就是要认真审题,看到考题后,先不要急于动笔,要仔细看清题目要求的内容。
在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面,确定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下笔,看懂题意,根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。
审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。
2. 围绕中心,拟定提纲书面表达评分原则有四条:内容要点;运用词汇和结构的数量;运用语法结构和词汇的准确性;上下文的连贯性。
由此可见,要点是给分的一个重要因素。
为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点,同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力,把情景中给出的各个要点逐条列出。
根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾,设想几个承上启下的连词,将主要句型、关键词语草草记下,形成提纲,写时切忌结构分散,废话连篇,严重跑题。
书面表达,内容广泛,题材多样,要弄清考题的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。
如果是日记,要写清年、月、日和天气情况;如果是书信,则要注意书信的格式,注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。
3. 语言通顺,表达准确避免使用汉语式英语,尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。
几种句型可交替使用,以避免重复和呆板。
多用简单句型,记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。
可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。
.注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。
1) 语态、时态要准确无误。
2) 主谓语要一致,主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。
3) 注意人称代词的宾格形式。
4) 注意冠词用法,例如:He is an honest student.中的an不能写成a。
5) 注意拼写、标点符号和大小写,例如:receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等。
2018年大连中考英语作文my dream
My dreamEveryone has his own dream, so do I. I also have many dreams.My first dream is to become a mathematician. In my opinion, it is better to solve a math problem in an hour than to play computer games for an hour. I like the feeling that there is another village in the dark. I think the research done by mathematicians is boring but interesting.My second dream is to become a musician. I like to play drum and I have participated in many competitions. I enjoy the beat of drums when I practice off the stage; When performing on the stage, I enjoyed colorful lights and applause, which made me very comfortable. I like that!My last dream is to enter Tsinghua University. When I was young, I heard from my mother that Tsinghua Peking University is the top university in China, where all Chinese talents gather; When I watched The Best Brain, I was impressed by a contestant from Tsinghua University. Since then, I began to look forward to Tsinghua University, and even once in a dream, I entered Tsinghua Park. How vast it is and how warm the sun is. I began to aspire to be admitted to Tsinghua University!Dreams are wings to move forward, but dreams are not just words, they need to pay their own actions. No pains, no gains, no pains, no gains. For your dreams, students, fight!。
中考英语作文万能写作模板
中考英语作文万能写作模板中考英语作文万能写作模板如下:1、阐述主题型要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述。
首先,阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义,然后,分析并举例使其更充实。
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to copewith the situation. For one thing,____(解决方法一). For another ____(解决方法二).Finally, ____(解决方法三).Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role inour daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First____(A 的优点之一). Besides____(A的优点之二).Through the aboveanalysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to____(我的看法).Nowadays, there is a widespread concernover (the issue that)_____(作文题目). In fact, there areboth advantages and disadvantages in _____(题目议题).as follows. Firstly, _____(优点一). And secondly _____(优点二).To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of ____(讨论议题) into full play, and reduce thedisadvantages to the minimum at the sametime. In that case, we will definitelymake a better use of the _____(讨论议题).中考英语作文万能写作模板范文:Dreams and RealityWhen we talk about dreams, we are so excited, we have many dreams, such as being a famous person, traveling around the world and so on. Dreams are what we pursue for a lifetime, with many dreams, we have motivation to fight for our life. The opposite side of dream is reality, we have to face reality everyday, reality is what we perceive in our life. Reality always frustrates us to be successful. We need to balance them. First, we need to face reality, though it is not ideal, we live in a world, we have to know exactly who we are. Second, to make our dreams come true, we need to adjust our dreams according to the reality。
2018中考英语作文范文
2018中考英语作文范文英语作文是每一次考试中都会有的,它是整个英语知识的结合,下面是店铺给大家精心挑选的2018中考英语作文范文,希望大家喜欢!供你参考和阅读!中考英语作文篇1共享单车(bicycle sharing)已成为时下最热的话题之一,请你就这一话题写一篇短文。
内容须包括三方面:1. 共享单车蓬勃发展,成为社会热潮;2. 共享单车带来便利,但也存在问题;3. 我对解决问题的建议。
With the development of technology, bicycle sharing comes into people's lives. It becomes more and more popular and much news reported it. At the same time, we should see that there are some problemscaused by bicycle sharing.On one side, bicycle sharing makes it very convenient of people traveling. You can find a bicycle anywhere at any time when you want to go out for a cycling, and the price of one trip is very low. It can save time for people. On the other side, its management is not perfect. Even kids can open the lock and ride the bicycle, there is no doubt that such behavior is very dangerous. What's more, many people deliberately break it, like throw it to the river or destroy the code above it.In my opinion, we should take a developing view about bicycle sharing. It is obviously helpful to human beings as a high-tech product. The government should introduce relevant provisions to regulate this market to avoid its disadvantages.中考英语作文篇2假如你是大学一年级新生李华。
中考必考英语作文写作技巧
中考必考英语作文写作技巧在中考英语考试中,作文是一个重要的环节,也是考生们普遍感到挑战的部分之一。
作文不仅考察了考生的英语表达能力,还考察了其逻辑思维和语言组织能力。
因此,掌握好作文写作技巧对于取得理想的成绩至关重要。
以下是一些在中考英语作文写作中常用的技巧和范文:### 1. 明确主题。
在写作之前,首先要明确作文的主题。
根据题目要求,确定要表达的中心思想,并确保整篇文章围绕这一主题展开。
### 2. 合理组织结构。
作文应具有清晰的结构,包括开头、主体和结尾。
开头应引出主题,主体部分展开论述,结尾总结全文,给读者留下深刻印象。
### 3. 使用恰当的语言。
在写作中应注意使用简洁明了的语言表达思想,避免使用过于复杂的词汇和句式。
同时,适当运用一些连接词和过渡词,使文章结构更加紧凑流畅。
### 4. 丰富细节和例子。
为了使文章更具说服力和生动性,可以适当添加一些丰富的细节和具体的例子,以支撑论点和观点。
### 5. 注意语法和拼写。
在写作过程中,要注意语法和拼写的准确性,避免出现错误,影响整体的语言表达效果。
### 范文,(假设题目为"我的假期计划")。
My Holiday Plan。
My holiday is coming soon. I have made some plans for it. First of all, I plan to spend some quality time with my family. We are going to visit my grandparents who live in the countryside. It has been a long time since we last saw each other, so I am really looking forward to it. We willhave a big family dinner together and share stories and laughter.Secondly, I want to improve my English during the holiday. I have decided to read at least one English book and watch English movies every day. I believe this willhelp me expand my vocabulary and improve my language skills.Besides that, I also plan to do some volunteer work. I think it's important to give back to the community, so I have signed up to volunteer at a local charity organization.I will spend a few hours each day helping those in need, whether it's feeding the homeless or tutoringunderprivileged children.Last but not least, I intend to spend some timeoutdoors and get close to nature. I will go hiking in the mountains, swimming in the lake, and have a picnic in the park. Nature has a way of rejuvenating my soul, and I wantto make the most of it during my holiday.In conclusion, I have planned a diverse and fulfillingholiday for myself. I will spend time with my family, improve my English, do volunteer work, and enjoy the beauty of nature. I am confident that this holiday will be both enjoyable and meaningful.以上就是中考英语作文写作技巧及范文的详细介绍。
中考英语作文万能模板及写作技巧
中考英语作文讲解及总结归纳句型教给大家十个字,搞定初中英语写作,帮你拿到一等文。
“十字” -------:“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点!”结构:中考最流行的结构就是三段式,这种结构十分清晰。
“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。
三段式第一段:简单明了,开门见山,不超过2句话第二段:分2-3-4点说明。
第三段:经过第二段的论证,可以得出结论。
但请注意,不能完全照抄第一段,要有升华。
也可以提出希望和建议等。
要点:实际上中考英语写作就等于两个字,翻译!因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点,要求必须在文章中有所体现。
文章写的再好,只要缺少要点就会扣分。
所以要点,也就是文章的第二段内容,要做到全,围绕中心。
逻辑:这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。
最常用的就是表示递进的,转折的,总结的逻辑词等。
递进:除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的,如first of all(首先),in addition, what's more, moreover(都是另外的意思),in a word, all in all(表示总结的)。
转折:but, yet, however等。
这些逻辑连接词体现了这个文章的思路。
语法:其他几点都不是硬性的要求,不那样做不能说是错,只能说是不好,但是语法却是硬性的。
如,单词的使用,时态等。
亮点:要想得到一等文,最后两个字,亮点至关重要高级一点的词汇,词组,句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。
所以,以后写英语作文要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。
英语高分作文必备----三段四步法中考英语阅卷老师看写作主要有三个标准:1)结构2)内容要点 3)语言(词组搭配、句型、句式变化、过渡词)看结构和内容要点定分数档,看语言给成绩。
这是中考英语阅卷的潜规则。
三段四步法——中考英语满分1 “三段”(三个段落)——针对的阅卷老师先看文章结构和内容要点,让阅卷老师不得不给你定位一类文。
中考英语作文万能模板及万能句型汇总-中考英语作文万能模版
中考英语作文万能模板及万能句型汇总-中考英语作文万能模版中考英语作文万能模板及万能句型汇总作文万能模板一、英语书信的常见写作模板开头部分:How nice to hear from you again.Let me tell you something about the activity.I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th.I’m XXX.I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.结尾部分:With best wishes.I’m looking forward to your reply.I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.2、谈论文模板1.正反概念式谈论文模板导入:第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should.。
.(导入话题)XXX.(概念有不合)正文:第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方概念)Here XXX.。
.(列出2~3个同意的来由)第3段:However,the XXX it.(反方概念)Their XXX. In the first place.。
. What’s more.。
. In addition.。
.(列出2~3个否决的来由)结论:第4段:Personally speaking,XXX disadvantages,for it will do usmore harm than good,so I support it.(个人观点)3.观点论述类议论文模板:导入:第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题As a student,I am XXX.(亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)XXX.(过渡句,承上启下)正文:第2段:XXX。
中考英语作文万能模板(全)
中考英语作文万能模板一、解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径写作思路:1. 问题现状2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)3. 个人观点写作模版:1.In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)2.Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing,---------(解决方法一). For another thing, -----(解决方法二). Finally, ----------(解决方法三).3.Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).二、说明利弊题型写作指导:这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状, 再对比事物本身的利弊, 有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发, 最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)写作思路:1. 说明事物现状2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法1.Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantagescan be seen as follows. First -----(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------(A的优点之二).But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages isthat ---------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse, ---------(A的第二个缺点).结尾1:Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore,I would like to ---------------(我的看法).结尾2:From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonablyand do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, can we…………(对前景预测测).三、议论文的框架(1)不同观点列举型(选择型)写作思路:1. 阐述现状2. 说明不同人的看法3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法(阐述现状)There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that theopinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.(不同人的观点说明模版1)A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows:in the first place, ___原因一_______. Furthermore, in the second place,___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.(不同人的观点说明模版2)People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.(发表个人观点)As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的议论文Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there areseveral positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce thedisadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.四:中考英语作文高分:需熟记的句子A、环保1. It's our duty to protect our environment.2. It is very important to take care of our environment3. We should not throw litter onto the ground4. We should not spit in a public place/ cut down the trees5. We should plant more flowers and trees.6. We must pick up some rubbish and throw it into a dustbin7. If everyone makes contribution to protecting the environment,the world will become much more beautiful.B、旅游1. Last Sunday(Saturday,…),it was sunny(rainy,windy,foggy,)2. I got up very early (late). After breakfast I went to …with my friends by bike,bus,…3. We enjoyed ourselves.4. We forgot the time. We didn't come back until 5 o'clock.5. We all felt very tired,but we were happy.6. I thought I would never forget this trip.7. Last summer,my parents and I went to Beijing for our holidays.8. We visited a lot of places of interest.9. We had a good time there.10. We bought a lot of things. The clothes here are good and cheap.C、比赛1. Last Sunday,Class One had a football match with Class Two.2. All of us went to watch it.3. The match was very exciting.4. In fact,I have never seen such an exciting match before.5. The score was 5-3. Our team scored three goals in the last fifteen minutes.6. Class One won this match. Class Two lost.7. Class One played well. They deserved to win.8. Their PE teacher was very pleased with their performance.D、健康1. It is very important to keep healthy.2. How can we keep healthy?3. We can't go to sleep too late. We can't get up too late.4. We should eat the food healthily.5. We should do more exercise.6. Last Tuesday I got a cold and had a pain in my head.7. I didn't feel like eating anything.8. I decided to see the doctor.9. In the doctor's office,the doctor looks over me carefully.10. He said :"Nothing serious." And he told me to take a rest and drink more water.11. A nurse gave me an injection. It was a little painful.12. The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.13. A few days later,I felt better. From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.E、学科1. My favorite subject is English.2. More than three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.3. It is used by travelers and business people all over the world.4. China has joined the WTO and the Olympic Games will be held in China. English becomes more and more useful.5. So English is very important and I like English very much.6. We have a lot of fun in the English class.7. Our English teacher often makes us happy in the English class.8. I hope I can go abroad one day,and then I can speak to foreigners in English.9. I like English and try my best to learn it.F、节日1. In China the most important holiday is the Spring Festival.2. It comes in January or February.3. On the Spring Festival Eve people have a big dinner. They have a lot of nice food to eat.4. During the Spring Festival people have a lot of interesting things to do.5. People visit their relatives and friends.6. They greet each other with a hug and say,"Happy New Year".7. As China is a big country,people in different places celebrate this holiday in different ways.G、写人1. His name is Jack.2. He was born in London in 1982.3. He is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos.4. He is 20 years old.5. He comes from England.6. He is a good ping-pong player.7. He is medium build.8. He has short hair.9. He is outgoing. Every one likes to talk with him. He gets on well with us.10. He teaches English very well.11. He works very hard. He works in No.5 Middle School.12. He loves watching football games after work.13. He often helps me with my English.14. At the age of six,he began to play table tennis.H、生活1. Jim got up very early.2. Jim cleaned the room and do the housework.3. Jim went to shop and did some shopping.4. Jim did some cooking.5. Jim fed the cat.6. Jim sweeps the floor.7. He washes the dishes.8. He has lunch at school.9. It is a busy day. He is very tired. But he feels happy.五:开头/中间/结尾句型选择A、开头句型选择1、关于……人们有不同的观点.一些人认为……There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that____.2、俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用.There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many caseseven today.3、现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害.首先,……;其次,…….更为糟糕的是…….Today,____,which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First,____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.4、现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)…….Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______because ______. Besides,______.5、任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外.它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面.Everything has two sides and ______is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.6、关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.7、人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重.Man is now facing a big problem ______which is becoming more and more serious.8、……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论.______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates areright on their way.9、……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题.______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot ofbenefits but has created some serious problems as well.10、根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出…….很显然……,但是为什么呢?According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can beseen that______ while. Obviously,______,but why?11、Recently,the problem of …has aroused people’s concern.最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.12、Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot ofbenefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.13、Nowadays,(over population) has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.14、With the development of science and technology,more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…B、中间过渡篇引出不同观点:1、People’s views on…vary from person to person. Some hold that…. However,others believe that….人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为...2、People may have different opinions on…人们对…可能会有不同的见解.3、Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.4、There are different opinions among people as to…关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.5、Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.6、A lot of people seem to think that…很多人似乎认为…7、It is commonly believed that…/ It is a common belief that…人们一般认为…8、Many people insist that…很多人坚持认为…( 励9. 宾语从句:我认为,……/ 我认为……不I think / I don't think that …我想知道是否……I wonder whether …例:He doesn't think I should stop him joining the club.他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部.10. Since + 主语+ 过去式,主语+ 现在完成式.例:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中,他就一直很用功.11. how 引导的感叹句例:那至少可以证明你很诚实.At least it will prove how honest you are. 8. 状语从句A)如果你不……,你就会……If you don't …,you'll …例:If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance. 如果你不坚持努力工作,你就会失去这次机会.B) 如此……,以至于……so …that …例:At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up. 当时,我非常伤心,最后都想放弃了.C、结尾句型1、Taking all these factors into consideration,we naturally come to the conclusion that…把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…2、Taking into account all these factors,we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论…3、Hence/Therefore,we’d better come to the conclusion that…因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.5、All in all,we cannot live without…But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.6、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.7、It is time to take the advice of …and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.8、不用说……It goes without saying that = It is obvious that …例:不用说早睡早起是值得的.It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.9、……是必要的It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that ………是重要的It is important(for sb.) to do / that ………是适当的It is proper (for sb.) to do / that ………是紧急的It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …例:It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.It is proper that we (should)keep the public places clean. 我们应当保持公共场所清洁.。
中考英语作文写作技巧(6篇)
中考英语作文写作技巧(6篇)(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!并且,本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文,如工作资料、求职资料、报告大全、方案大全、合同协议、条据文书、教学资料、教案设计、作文大全、其他范文等等,想了解不同范文格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic model essays, such as work materials, job search materials, report encyclopedia, scheme encyclopedia, contract agreements, documents, teaching materials, teaching plan design, composition encyclopedia, other model essays, etc. if you want to understand different model essay formats and writing methods, please pay attention!中考英语作文写作技巧(6篇)在学习、工作、生活中,大家都写过作文,肯定对各类作文都很熟悉吧,借助作文人们可以反映客观事物、表达思想感情、传递知识信息。
中考英语作文万能模板(全)
中考英语作文万能模板(全)Unfortunately。
every coin has two sides。
The disadvantages of A can also be seen as follows。
One of the major drawbacks is -------------------(A的缺点之一)。
In n。
-----------------(A的缺点之二).2.Despite the drawbacks ned above。
I still XXX。
On the one hand。
---------------(我的观点)。
On the other hand。
-----------------(我的观点)。
Therefore。
I am XXX role in our daily life in the future.三、图表作文题型写作指导:这类题目主要考察的是考生的数据分析能力和图表描述能力。
在写作时,首先要对图表进行简单描述,然后分析图表所反映的数据,最后加以评论或总结。
写作思路:1.描述图表2.分析图表所反映的数据3.评论或总结1.As is shown in the chart / graph / table。
------------------(图表内容简述).2.According to the data / figures / statistics / percentages inthe chart / graph / table。
we can see that --------------(数据分析)。
It is us that ------------------(数据分析).3.From the chart / graph / table。
we can see that ------------------(总结或评论)。
Therefore。
it XXX ------------------(总结或评论).说明不同人的看法)A majority of people think that __第一个观点_____。
中考英语作文万能模板
中考英语作文万能模板一、开头段1. 背景介绍:引出话题,说明写作目的In recent years, the topic of _______ has become increasingly important/relevant/controversial. As a student, it is essential for us to have a clear understanding of this issue. In this essay, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of _______ and provide my own perspective.2. 引出观点:陈述自己的立场From my point of view, _______.(your viewpoint) There are several reasons to support my opinion.二、主体段落(主题句)To begin with, _______.1. 支持观点的理由1: 提供相关的事实或数据Firstly, _______. For example, _______. Furthermore, _______.2. 支持观点的理由2: 提供相关的事实或数据Secondly, _______. A survey conducted by _______ shows that_______. In addition, _______.(主题句)On the other hand, _______.1. 反对观点的理由1: 提供相关的事实或数据However, some people argue that _______. For instance, _______. Moreover, _______.2. 反对观点的理由2: 提供相关的事实或数据Another reason for this viewpoint is that _______. According to a recent study, _______. Additionally, _______.三、结尾段(总结观点)In conclusion, _______.1. 重申自己的立场和理由Considering all the points mentioned above, I firmly believe that_______.2. 提出呼吁或建议In order to address this issue, it is necessary for _______ to _______. Only in this way can we _______ and _______.3. 对未来的展望或预测Looking ahead, we can expect that _______ will continue to _______. It is our responsibility to _______ and make a difference.四、字数增加段落(适当插入)1. 举例子:提供一个相关的例子来支撑论点To illustrate, let's take the case of _______. This serves as a perfect demonstration of _______.2. 比较对比:对两种不同观点进行对比,给出利弊分析When comparing _______ with _______, one can easily notice that_______. However, it should also be noted that _______.3. 引用名言:引用一句相关的名言或谚语来加强观点As the saying goes, "________." This saying implies that _______.总之,通过以上模板的使用,你可以在中考英语作文中合理有序地展开表达,使文章内容更加全面丰富。
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中考英语作文万能模板及英语写作技巧中考英语作文万能模板教给大家十个字,搞定初中英语写作,帮你拿到一等文。
问:“哪十字?”允泽老师答:“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点!”结构:中考最流行的结构就是三段式,深受各地区中考英语写作阅卷老师的喜爱。
为什么尼?因为这种结构十分清晰。
“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。
三段式的第一段:简单明了,开门见山,不超过2句话,如,我们想表达小强很强壮,第一段直接说 XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确,这一句足矣。
第二段:分2-3点说为什么他强壮。
1. 每天吃10顿饭,He has ten meals everyday! 详举吃的是什么。
2. 每天运动2小时,He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。
第三段:经过第二段的论证,可以得出结论。
但请注意,不能完全照抄第一段,要有升华。
也可以提出希望和建议等。
如,How strong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!要点:实际上中考英语写作就等于两个字,翻译!因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点,要求必须在文章中有所体现。
文章写的再好,只要缺少要点就会扣分。
所以要点,也就是文章的第二段内容,要做到全,围绕中心。
逻辑:这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。
最常用的就是表示递进的,转折的,总结的逻辑词等。
递进:除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的,如first of all(首先),in addition, what's more, moreover(都是另外的意思),in a word, all in all(表示总结的)。
转折:but, yet, however等。
真正有经验的阅卷老师会很注意这些逻辑连接词,因为这些词体现了这个文章的思路。
语法:其他几点都不是硬性的要求,不那样做不能说是错,只能说是不好,但是语法却是硬性的。
如,单词的使用,时态等。
亮点:当我们将前八个字都做得很完美的时候也只能得到一个二等文的上。
要想得到一等文,最后两个字,亮点至关重要。
大家设想如果我们是阅卷老师。
有两篇写人美丽的作文摆在我们面前,都是结构清晰的三段式,要点都很全,都用了一些逻辑词,都没有语法错误,但是A篇只用了beautiful,good- looking,B篇却用到了attractive,charming,catching等,我坚信正常人都会给B篇高分的。
这些高级一点的词汇,词组,句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。
所以,以后写英语作文要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。
只要把这十个字都搞定了,那么初中英语写作就一定能搞定!英语高分作文必备杀手锏—三段四步法中考英语阅卷老师看写作主要有三个标准:1)结构2)内容要点 3)语言(词组搭配、句型、句式变化、过渡词)看结构和内容要点定分数档,看语言给成绩。
这是中考英语阅卷的潜规则。
三段四步法——中考英语满分杀手锏知己知彼,方能百战不殆,既然中考阅卷流程和内部标准已经明朗化,相对的策略也就顺利成章的形成了。
现在和大家分享,笔者教学和阅卷过程中总结创立的写作满分秘诀。
1 “三段”(三个段落)——针对的阅卷老师先看文章结构和内容要点,让阅卷老师不得不给你定位一类文。
中高考情景是作文,无论是那种文体,都可以用三段法来表示。
这个方法的起源是来自美国的“高考”SAT考试,(SAT 是美国或它国学生想要申请美国大学必须参加的考试,故被叫过美国的高考)。
我们管这样的文章叫做Hamburger Writing(汉堡写作)顾名思义,就是无论是记叙文、还是议论文、或者08年中考以及09一模西城的夹叙夹议文章,都可以通用。
简单解释如下:第一段记叙文议论文开篇背景介绍(时间、地点、人物、事件)发表观点第二段故事发展论据、论点支撑第三段结局总结观点2 “四步”有了框架就相当于有了骨骼,而真正的血肉要靠四个步骤来实现。
步骤一:审题审题的训练对于每个学生都不陌生,我要说的是审题一定要做到五个方面:一审主题(写什么),二审体裁(记叙、说明、议论、夹叙夹议),三审时态(时态中考两个扣一分,三个降一档),四审人称(别犯低级错误),五审内容要点(一定要在试卷中画出,免得写的时候忘记,导致跑题)步骤二:打草稿中考一定要打草稿,两大优势1中考不准在试卷更改,涂改带、橡皮、胶条(囧)、小刀(我小时候想都没想过),而中考时落笔错误是难免的,涂改就会后卷面分,打草稿就可以避免这个情况了。
2 正式写作是对草稿的在梳理,语言的在锤炼。
步骤三:正文写作做到两点,一要凝练,而要变化。
文章80—100字为宜,一定要注意使用过渡词、从句、50个句型和词组搭配。
步骤四:检查:很多学生考试都会检查,但总是不能找到自己的错误。
原因很简单,方法不对:英语写作检查的原则:1 内容要点:缺少一个内容要点,文章直接降到第三档2 语法错误:名词查单复数和冠词问题,动词查时态语态和三单问题。
3 变换句式:过于简单的结构要试着变化高频分析书面表达是每年中考的必考题型,考查同学们用英语以书面的形式来传递信息并进行交际的能力,分值一般为10~20分,其题型多样,主要可分为两大类:一是命题作文,如 My School/Family/Hometown等;二是材料作文,根据给出的书面(中文或英文)材料,按照要求作文,包括英文书信(E-mail?感谢信)?日记?英文请假条?便条?英文演讲稿?发言稿(或值日报告)?介绍?英文通知?看图说话等?此类题型属主观性试题,具有较大的灵活性,是对同学们更高层次的能力的考查,是不少同学的薄弱环节?背诵秘诀中考书面表达的取材范围越来越广,涉及的内容也越来越丰富?近年来各省市的中考英语作文大多是材料作文?因此,我们在日常学习中要加强写作训练,扩大课外阅读,多搜集?积累英语作文素材?例如可搜集有关三鹿奶粉的英语作文素材?同时在写作中要做到:1. 认真审题,提炼要点;2. 紧扣主题,扩词成句;3. 表述准确,连句成文;4. 通篇检查,确保无误?■中考真题1. (2008年江西)发明改变了世界?改变了我们的生活?比如,电视和自行车给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利?请你以“Inventions”为话题,根据提示写一份值日生报告?先介绍电视和自行车的用途,再发挥想象,说说你想发明的东西,并说明其用途或发明的理由?提示:(1)电视机:信息丰富,开阔视野,休闲娱乐,辅助学习?(2)自行车:价格便宜,方便出行,有利环保,有益健康?(3)你的发明?(说明其用途或发明的理由)注意:(1)报告应包括以上所有提示的信息,但不要逐字翻译,可适当发挥,使行文连贯;(2)发明的东西可大可小,有其特殊用途即可;(3)词数不少于80个?开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数?Good morning, everyone! Today I’m going to talk about inventions. Inventions are created every day because people would like to make life easier. There are famous inventions like ________________________________________________That’s all. Thank you very much.2. (2008年湖北黄冈)背景设定:为了保护环境,节约能源,中国政府出台了一条禁令:从2008年6月1日起,禁止在超市和商店中使用超薄塑料袋?针对这条禁令,某学校组织了一次讨论会,请同学们畅所欲言,发表自己的看法?下面是汪进峰同学的发言内容:姓名:Wang Jinfeng请你根据汪进峰同学的发言内容,以他的名义写一篇书面发言材料?发言及中心内容:(1)禁令内容:禁止使用超薄塑料袋;阻止超市?商店向顾客提供免费塑料袋;如果提供,需要付费?(2)个人认识:对我们有益;能帮助保护环境?原因:a. 引起白色污染;b. 污染土壤和水;c. 生产塑料袋浪费能源?目的:贯彻执行该禁令,改善环境?(3)今后做法:鼓励家人和朋友购物时自带布袋?竹篮;不乱丢垃圾,对塑料瓶?易拉罐进行回收……要求:(1)围绕汪进峰的观点和意愿进行表达,所表达的内容可以适当拓展;(2)所表达的内容必须包含上述3个要点;(3)词数80个左右,开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)?提示词汇:ban(禁令), provide, free(免费), protect, cause, pollute, soil(土壤), energy, carry out, improve, recycle, soft drink can(易拉罐)Hello, everyone!China has put a ban on the use of much thinner plastic bags starting on June, 2008.____________________________________________________That’s all for my speech. Thanks for listening!建议书面表达一直是中考的重头戏,所占分值根据各地中考试卷的结构不同而有所差异,约占15~25分?就体裁而言,中考作文一般分为四类:记叙文?说明文?议论文以及应用文?其中记叙文包括以记人为主或记事为主?中考书面表达多为提示作文,有的是看图作文,有的是根据表格内容写作,还有的要根据提示信息写作?另外,需要注意的是,书面表达越来越倾向于和时事挂钩?在2008年的试卷中,就有许多市地的书面表达是围绕“地震”而展开的?所以,考试前要多注意近一年来的国家大事,这样遇到时事性的作文题,才能有备而战?中考英语作文必备万能句型10个1. 不用说…… It goes without saying that … = (It is) needless to say (that)…= It is obvious that …例:不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2. 在各种……之中,…… Among various kinds of …,… /= Of all the …,…例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.3. 就我的看法……;我认为……In my opinion …= To my mind …= As far as I am concerned …= I am of the opinion that …例:In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。