外研版英语中考归纳复习专题：被动语态.doc

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外研版2018年英语中考归纳复习专题：被动语态

【被动语态】

在英语中，动词主要有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者时，谓语动词用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，谓语动词用被动语

Z L/T o

主动诺态：动作执行者+主动谓语+动作承受者

被动语态：动作承受者+被动谓诺+by+动作执行者

如English.

English

当我们不知道或者没有必要说出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需要强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。如：Smoking isn? t allowed in the gas station.汽车加油站里面不允许吸烟。

Your work must be finished today.你们的工作必须今天完成。

常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。常见时态（含情态动词）的被动语态的构成如下：

现在兀成时

动词情态动will be+过去分

词

The sports meeting will be held tomorrow.

运动会将于明天举行。

have/has been+ The bank has been built.银行已经建成

过去分词了。

+be+过去分词

The bike can't be put here.这辆自行车不

能被放在这里。

【考点训练1】

l.Today Chinese(teach) in many schools around the world.

2.Some famous paintings(show) in the hall next week.

3.A new school(set up) in my hometown last year.

4,一How often do I need to feed the dog?

——It food every day,or it will be hungry. ( )

A.may give

B.may be given

C.must give

D.must be given

答案：is taught will be shown was set up D

【被动语态的特殊结构】

种类构成例句

感官动词和使役动词的被动语态感官动词

see/hear/watch/f

eel等和使役动词

make/let/have 等

后跟省略to的动

词不定式作宾补,

变为被动语态时,

省略的to要加

We heard her sing in the room.今

She was heard to sing in the room.我

4'] 听见她在房间里唱歌。

动词

短语的

被动语态短语是〃动词+介

词/副词"时，变

被动语态时介

词、副词不能

We should speak to the old politely.

3The old should be spoken to polite ly

by us.我们应该有礼貌地和老人说

话。

feel,look,sound,smell, taste等系动词。The dishes taste so delicious. 这些菜尝起来很美

open,lock,write,read,s

ell,clean,wash,cut,driv e等词作不及物动词

时。

表示〃发生、进行〃等

(happen,take place,co This kind of pen writes very s moothly.

这种钢笔写起来很流畅。

The water has run out.水已经用完

了。

me outrun out,sprea d・..）。

When did the book co me out?这本书什么

I 时候出版的？作“需The problem requires studyin ［要”讲的g with great care.这个问题需

need,want,require后要仔细研究。

I的动名词用主动形式

I表被动意义。

【考点训练2】

1.Tea plants are(grow) and(use) to make tea.

2.Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops (make) in China.

B.is heard

D.is listening

3.

The music the Moonlight Sonata. ( )

A. s ounds like C.is sounded like

4. An accident on the road last night. A. has happened B. was happened C. Happened D. was happening

答案：grown used were made A C 【被动语态的固定搭配、句型】

1. be made of,be made from,be made in 与 be made by

2. be used for,be used as 与 be used to do

3.It is said/believed/reported/known that... 【中考示例】

(2017 •广西)1 think all the heavy and difficult jobs by machines and robots in the future.