Unit 3 Australia
译林版八年级上册英语Unit3文章对话英汉对照
译林版八年级上册英语Unit3文章对话英汉对照译林版八年级上册英语Unit3文章/对话英汉对照Book8 U3 P301. ---What are you going to do,Eddie?---I'm going to exercise.1.---你要做什么，埃迪？---我打算去锻炼。
2. ---Are you going to climb a hill?---Yes.2.---你要去爬山吗？---是的。
3.--- That's good. You need to exercise and keep fit.---Well,this hill isn't as high as a real one!3.---那很好。
你需要锻炼并保持健康。
---噢，这座山不如真正的山高！4. Come on,Hobo. Let's enjoy ourselves!4.来吧，霍波。
让我们开心地玩吧！Let's go!Kitty's cousin Linda is visiting Sunshine Toxvn. Find out where Linda,Kitty and her classmates went and what happened there.让我们一起去吧！基蒂的表妹琳达正在参观阳光镇。
找出琳达、基蒂和她的同学们去了哪里并且在那里发生了什么事情。
Book8 U3 P31AAmy and Simon are reading some postcards from their friends. Read the back of the postcards and match them with the correct pictures. Write the correct letters in the boxes.埃米和西蒙正在读来自他们朋友们的一些明信片。
译林版 八年级英语上册 Unit 3 知识汇总(含单词音频)
Australia[ɔːs\'treɪlɪə] n.澳大利亚takecare 保重coffee[ˈkɒfi] n.咖啡top [tɒp]n 顶部，（物体的）上面president[ˈprezɪdənt] n.总统，国家主席wide[waɪd] adj.…宽的；宽广的steel[stiːl] n.钢ton [təˈmɒrəʊ] n.吨fine [faɪn] adv.够好，蛮不错join [dʒɔɪn] vt.&vi.加入，参加myself[maɪ\'self] pron. 我自己shine[ʃaɪn] vi.照耀，发光clear[klɪə]adj 晴朗的，清晰的sky [skaɪ]n 天，天空journey [\'dʒɜːni] n 旅行，旅程boring[\'bɔːrɪŋ] 乏味的finally[\'faɪnəli] 最后 arrive[ə\'raɪv]到达 arriveat/in 到达 can\'twait 迫不及待 getoff[ˈgetɒf] 下车interest [\'ɪntərɪst] 令人感兴趣的事(或人) placeof interest 景点notbelieve one\'s eyes 不相信自己眼睛,非常惊讶 main[meɪn] 主要的 sights[ 复] 名胜，风景 culture [ˈkʌltʃə] 文化Internet [\'ɪntəˌnet] 网络page[peɪdʒ] 页，页面，页码homepage 主页yourselves [jɔː\'sɛlvz] 你们自己themselves [ðəm\'selvz] pron 他们自己byoneself 独立地，独自 itself[ɪtˈself]pron 它自己pull [pʊl] 拉；拖；移开rock[rɒk] 岩石luckily[\'lʌkɪli] 幸好，幸运的是climber 登山者，攀爬者final[\'faɪnl] 决赛support [səˈpɔːt] 支持takeplace[teɪk//pleɪs] 进行，发生cheer[tʃɪə] 欢呼，喝彩reach[riːtʃ] 到达 half-time 中场休息 geton[ˈgetɒn] 上车 cost[kɒst]费用，价钱rest [rest] 休息，歇息free [friː] 免费的 helpless 无助的useful[\'juːsfəl] 有用的，有益的12．helpless adj．无助的→help vt．&vi．帮助→help n．帮助→helpful adj．乐于助人的13．useful adj．有用的，有益的→useless adj．无用的→use vt．用，使用→use n．用，用途14．hope n．希望→hope vt．& vi．希望→hopeful adj．有希望的→hopeless adj．没希望的15．taste n．味道；品味→taste vt．＆ vi．品尝→tasty adj．美味的16．colourful adj．多彩的→colour n．颜色→colour vt．为……着色句型分析：1．We’re going to the top of the Eiffel Tower this afternoon!(P31)此句意为：今天下午我们就要登上埃菲尔铁塔的顶部!这是一个现在进行时态的句子，此处的are going to 中的to是介词，用现在进行时表将来。
高中英语Unit 3 Australia背景知识
Unit 3 AustraliaPart Two: Teaching ResourcesSection 2: Background information for Unit 3 Australia1.Origin and history of the name of AustraliaThe name Australia is derived from the Latin australis, meaning southern. Legends of an "unknown southern land" (terra australis incognita) date back to the Roman times and were commonplace in mediæval geography, but they were not based on any actual knowledge of the continent. The Dutch adjectival form Australische ("Australian," in the sense of "southern") was used by Dutch officials in Batavia to refer to the newly discovered land to the south as early as 1638. The first English language writer to use the word "Australia" was Alexander Dalrymple in An Historical Collection of Voyages and Discoveries in the South Pacific Ocean, published in 1771. He used the term to refer to the entire South Pacific region, not specifically to the Australian continent. In 1793, George Shaw and Sir James Smith published Zoology and Botany of New Holland, in which they wrote of "the vast island, or rather continent, of Australia, Australasia or New Holland."View of Port Jackson, taken from the South Head, from A V oyage to Terra Australis. Sydney was established on this site.The name "Australia" was popularised by the 1814 work A V oyage to Terra Australis by the navigator Matthew Flinders. Despite its title, which reflected the view of the Admiralty, Flinders used the word "Australia" in the book, which was widely read and gave the term general currency. Governor Lachlan Macquarie of New South Wales subsequently used the word in his dispatches to England. In 1817 he recommended that it be officially adopted. In 1824, the British Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia.2．Australia - just the factsIn land area, Australia is the sixth largest nation after Russia, Canada, China, the United States of America andBrazil. It has, however, a relatively small population.Australia is the only nation to govern an entire continent and its outlying islands. The mainland is the largest island and the smallest, flattest continent on Earth. It lies between 10° and 39° South latitude.The highest point on the mainland, Mount Kosciuszko, is only 2228 metres. Apart from Antarctica, Australia is the driest continent.Australia is the driest inhabited continent on earth. Its interior has one of the lowest rainfalls in the world and about three-quarters of the land is arid or semi-arid. Its fertile areas are well-watered, however, and these are used very effectively to help feed the world. Sheep and cattle graze in dry country, but care must be taken with the soil. Some grazing land became desert when the long cycles that influence rainfall in Australia turned to drought.The Australian federation consists of six States and two Territories. Most inland borders follow lines of longitude and latitude. The largest State, Western Australia, is about the same size as Western Europe.●EconomyAustralia has had one of the most outstanding economies of the world in recent years. As a high-growth, low-inflation, low interest rate economy, it is more vibrant than ever before. There is an efficient government sector, a flexible labour market and a very competitive business sector.With its abundant physical resources, Australia has enjoyed a high standard of living since the nineteenth century. It has made a comparatively large investment in social infrastructure, including education, training, health and transport.The Australian workforce has seen many improvements over the last decade, leading to the surge in productivity in the 1990s. The complex and centralised award based industrial relations system has given way to a more decentralised one with many employees working under workplace agreements tailored to meet enterprise needs.●ImmigrationAustralia's culturally diverse society includes its Indigenous peoples and settlers from countries all around the world.Immigration is an important feature of Australian society. Since 1945, over six million people from 200 countries have come to Australia as new settlers. Migrants have made a major contribution to shaping modern Australia. People born overseas make up almost one quarter of the total population.The federal government sets immigration intake numbers on a yearly basis. Australia's immigration policies are non-discriminatory and all applicants to migrate must meet the same selection criteria.3．Australia in briefAustralia is an independent Western democracy with a population of more than 20 million. It is one of the world’s most urbanised countries, with about 70 per cent of the population living in the 10 largest cities. Most of the population is concentrated along the eastern seaboard and the south-eastern corner of the continent.Australia’s lifestyle reflects its mainly Western origins, but Australia is also a multicultural society which has been enriched by over six million settlers from almost 200 nations. Four out of ten Australians are migrants or the first-generation children of migrants, half of them from non-English speaking backgrounds.Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people totalled 410 003 at the last census, nearly 2.2 per cent of the population. Two thirds of the indigenous people live in towns and cities. Many others live in rural and remote areas, and some still have a broadly traditional way of life. It is generally thought that Aboriginal people began living on the continent 50 000 to 60 000 years ago, and some authorities believe their occupation may date back 100 000 years.Australia is the only nation to occupy an entire continent. Its land mass of nearly 7.7 million km2 is the flattest and (after Antarctica) driest of continents, yet it has extremes of climate and topography. There are rainforests and vast plains in the north, snowfields in the south east, desert in the centre and fertile croplands in the east, south andsouth west. About one third of the country lies in the tropics. Australia has a coastline of 36 735km.Isolation of the Australian island-continent for 55 million years created a sanctuary for the flora and fauna. Marsupials were saved from competition with more highly developed mammals. Birds unique to Australia also survived, and distinctive trees and plants developed. Australia’s best-known animals are the kangaroo, koala, platypus and spiny anteater. Of more than 700 bird species listed in Australia, 400 - including the large, flightless emu - are found nowhere else. Australia has 20 000 species of plants, including living fossils such as the cycad palm and the grass tree, a nd brilliant wildflowers such as the waratah, Sturt’s desert pea, the flowering cones of banksia trees, and the red and green kangaroo paw. The continent has 700 species of acacia, which Australians call wattle, and 1200 species in the Myrtaceae family which includes eucalypts or gum trees.Australia’s national anthem, Advance Australia Fair, is a revised version of a late 19th-century patriotic song. It was declared the national anthem in April 1984, replacing God Save the Queen, which was designated the royal anthem. In the same year, Australia officially adopted green and gold as its national colours.Australia’s official language is English, by common usage rather than law. Australian English does not differ significantly from other forms of English, although some colloquial and slang expressions are unique.The flag of Australia is the only one to fly over a whole continent. The small Union Jack represents the historical link with Britain, the large seven-pointed star represents the six States and the Territories, and the small stars form the Southern Cross - a prominent feature of the southern hemisphere night sky.Australia’s coat of arms - the official emblem of the Australian Government - was granted by King George V in 1912. The arms consist of a shield containing the badges of the six States. The supporters are native Australian fauna - a kangaroo and an emu. A yellow-flowered native plant, wattle, also appears in the design.Australia’s national day, Australia Day, on 26 January, marks the date in 1788 when Captain Arthur Phillip, of the British Royal Navy, commanding a fleet of 11 ships, sailed into Port Jackson (Sydney Cove). Phillip formally tookpossession of the eastern part of the continent for England and established a settlement, now Australi a’s largest city, Sydney.Air travel and the great variety of Australia’s attractions are combining to bring more international tourists to Australia every year. Overseas tourists are drawn by Australia’s sunshine, sandy beaches, the vast outback, rainforests, the Great Barrier Reef, unique flora and fauna, the Gold Coast of Queensland, and the attractions of the cities, Australia’s friendly, multicultural society, and the safe and welcoming environment. Tourism is one of Australia’s largest and fastest-growing industries. In 2002, 4.8 million international tourists visited Australia, a quarter of them from Japan and another quarter from other countries of East Asia.In 2000, Australian exports grew by 25 per cent to reach a total value of $143 billion, representing the best export growth Australia had experienced for 21 years. This figure increased again in 2000 - 01, to $154 billion. In 2001 - 02, the total value of Australian exports dropped by one per cent, reflecting a more difficult global trading environment. Australia's export structures have changed considerably over the past 10 years.Although trade in commodities remains strong, new services and sophisticated manufacturing export markets have emerged. Merchandise exports were valued at $121 billion in 2001 - 02. During the same year, Australian exports of services totalled $31 billion. Exports have recorded 8 per cent average annual growth since 1991 - 92. They now account for 21 per cent of GDP, compared with around 17 per cent in 1991 - 92.Japan remains Australia's largest single export market, buying 19 per cent of total merchandise exports in 2001 - 02. The United States accounts for 10 per cent, Korea 8 per cent and New Zealand 6 per cent. China, Singapore, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong and Indonesia were also significant export markets. (Merchandise exports to East Asia grew by 35 per cent in 2000 and to the Middle East by 38 per cent in the same year. Growth was small in 2001 - 02: to East Asia almost zero, and to the Middle East up just one per cent).Australia's imports have always been dominated by manufactures. In 2001 - 02, 84 per cent of Australia'smerchandise imports were manufactures.4. History of AustraliaThe prehistory of Australia is a term which may be used to describe the period of approximately 40-45,000 years (or more, as is contended by some studies) between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the first definitive sighting of Australia by Europeans in 1606, which may be taken as the beginning of the recent history of Australia. This era is referred to as prehistory rather than history because there are no written records of human events in Australia which pre-date this contact.●History of Australia before 1901Main article: History of Australia before 1901Records of the discovery of the Australian continent by European expeditions date back to the early 17th century. The first such undisputed sighting was in 1606 by the Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon, who in his ship Duyfken navigated the Gulf of Carpentaria, sighting and making landfall on the western coast of Cape York Peninsula. Other 17th century European voyagers (predominantly Dutch, but also French and English) were to follow suit, and by the start of the 18th century the western and northern coastlines of what had become known as "New Holland" had been charted. No attempts to establish settlements were made, however.In 1770, the expedition of the Endeavour under command of British Royal Navy Lieutenant James Cook navigated and charted the east coast of Australia, making first landfall at Botany Bay on April 29, 1770. Cook continued northwards, and before leaving put ashore on Possession Island in the Torres Strait off Cape York on August 22 1770. Here he formally claimed the eastern coastline he had discovered for the Crown, naming it New South Wales. Given that Cook's discoveries would lead to the first European settlement of Australia, he is often popularly conceived as its European discoverer, although he had been preceded by more than 160 years.The favourable reports of these lands relayed by Cook's expedition upon their return to England generated interest in its offered solution to the problem of penal overcrowding in Britain, which had been exacerbated by the loss ofits American colonies. Accordingly, on May 13 1787 the 11 ships of the First Fleet set sail from Portsmouth, England, bound for Botany Bay.The British Crown Colony of New South Wales started with the establishment of a settlement and penal colony at Port Jackson by Captain Arthur Phillip on 26 January 1788. This date was later to become Australia's national day, Australia Day. Van Diemen's Land, now known as Tasmania, was settled in 1803 and became a separate colony in 1825. Britain formally claimed the western part of Australia in 1829. Separate colonies were created from parts of New South Wales: South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, and Queensland in 1859. The Northern Territory (NT) was founded in 1863 as part of the Province of South Australia. Victoria and South Australia were founded as "free colonies"—that is, they were never penal colonies, although the former did receive some convicts from Tasmania. Western Australia was also founded "free", but later accepted transported convicts due to an acute labour shortage. The transportation of convicts to Australia was phased out between 1840 and 1868.A gold rush began in Australia in the early 1850s, and the Eureka Stockade rebellion in 1854 was an early expression of nationalist sentiment. Between 1855 and 1890, the six colonies individually gained responsible government, managing most of their own affairs while remaining part of the British Empire. The Colonial Office in London retained control of some matters, notably foreign affairs, defence and international shipping.●History of Australia since 1901Main article: History of Australia since 1901On 1 January 1901, federation of the colonies was achieved after a decade of planning, consultation and voting, and the Commonwealth of Australia was born, as a Dominion of the British Empire. The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the capital from 1901 to 1927). The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911. Australian troops took part in both world wars. Since World War II Australia has been transformed by a massive immigration programme, and sincethe 1970s and the abolition of the White Australia policy from Asia and other parts of the world; radically transforming Australia's demography, culture and image of itself.The Statute of Westminster 1931 formally ended most of the constitutional links between Australia and Britain, but Australia did not adopt the Statute until 1942. The shock of Britain's defeat in Asia in 1942 and the threat of Japanese invasion caused Australia to turn to the United States as a new ally and protector. Since 1951, Australia has been a formal military ally of the US under the auspices of the ANZUS treaty. The final constitutional ties between Australia and Britain ended in 1986 with the passing of the Australia Act 1986, ending any British role in the Australian States, and ending judicial appeals to the UK Privy Council. Australia remains a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II the Queen of Australia; the 1999 referendum to establish a republic was marginally rejected. Australia's links to its British past are increasingly tenuous. Since the election of the Whitlam Government in 1972, there has been an increasing focus on the nation's future as a part of the Asia-Pacific region.。
Unit 3 Australia
1.Different aspects of Australia.
2. What’s the key word of Text Two? 2.Citizenship ceremonies.
3. What are the last three texts mainly about? 3.Travelling in Australia.
阅读本单元第一篇课文,然后自拟标题 写一篇约120字的英语短文,内容包括： 1.澳大利亚是一个受人欢迎的旅游胜地, 它有着独特的生态环境。请简述你对澳 大利亚旅游资源的认识。 2.你认为旅游资源对社会经济有何影响 以及旅游对个人身心健康有什么作用。 3.叙述你自己一次旅游经历和感受。
As a popular travel destination, Australia attracts millions of tourists every year for its unique ecology and famous landscapes, such as the Great Barrier Reef, Ayres rock, plains of Nullarbor and so forth. There is no doubt that tourism resources will stimulate the development of the economy.
3. Why do people celebrate citizenship in Australia?
A. In order to memorize and honor those who have come from overseas from many different cultural and social backgrounds. B. Because it is an excellent way to encourage tolerance, respect and friendship among all the people of Australia. C. In order to get together by displays of singing and dancing from many of the migrants homelands and the tasting of food from all over the world. D. Because 26 January is Australia Day.
Unit 3 知识点详解
1.I’m going to exercise.我将要去锻炼。
exercise锻炼，动词；锻炼，名词exercise=take exercise=take some exercise锻炼2.Are you going to climb a hill?你将要去爬山吗？climb爬，及物动词climb a hill爬山3.You need to exercise and keep fit.你需要去锻炼和保持健康。
need需要，及物动词need to do sth需要去做某事need to exercise需要去锻炼keep保持，系动词fit健康的，形容词keep fit保持健康=keep healthy=stay healthy4.This hill isn’t as high as a real one!这座山没有真的山那么高！high高的，形容词as high as和...一样高（as...as中间加形容词的原形）not as high as不如，没有...高real真正的，形容词a real hill一座真正的山5.Let’s enjoy ourselves!让我们好好享受吧！let’s=let us让我们let让，及物动词let sb do sth让某人做某事Let us play together.让我们一起玩。
enjoy喜欢，享受，及物动词enjoy oneself好好享受，玩得开心enjoy yourself你自己玩得开心enjoy ourselves我们自己玩得开心6.Yesterday I took a boat trip under the famous Harbour Bridge and went past the Sydney Opera House.昨天我在著名的港湾大桥下乘船旅行，经过了悉尼歌剧院。
trip短途旅行，可数名词take a boat trip乘船旅行under在...的下面under the famous Harbour Bridge在港湾大桥下面go past经过=passthe Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院go past the Sydney Opera House=pass the Sydney Opera House经过悉尼歌剧院7.I’m having a great time in Australia!我在澳大利亚玩得很开心！have a great time=have a good time=have a nice time=have a wonderful time玩得很开心8.Take care!保重！care照顾，关怀，名词take care保重take care of...照顾...=look after...take good care of...照顾好=look after...welltake good care of yourself=look after yourself well照顾好你自己9.We’re sitting in a little coffee shop by the River Seine.我们正坐在塞纳河旁边的一个小咖啡馆里面。
最新人教版高中英语选修九精品课件：精品课件： Unit3Australia-Learning about language
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eg. She spotted someone coming out of the building. As the only man on the spot, he was in a position to take vital decisions.
他匆匆地看了一下她的脸。
[短语连接]
gaze at 盯着看, 注视着 stare at 盯着
glare at 怒视
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fit one’s eyes on盯着看 7
3. It is a mainly dry country with only
a few coastal areas that have
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[短语连接]
have/ take responsibility for 对……负责
assume/ accept responsibility for 承担……责任
have a responsibility to do sth 应有做…..义务
be responsible to sb. 对某人负责
3. more than …can / could +v.不能…… more than 表示否定, 相当于not
eg. That’s more than I can tell you. 那一点我是不能告诉您的。
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4. more than +adj./adv 在语义上表示很高 的程度, 意为 “非常” “十分” “更 加”等
make a reservation 预定
Unit 3 Australia 重点词语学习
Unit 3 Australia重点词语学习associateverb1.[vn] ~ sb/sth (with sb/sth) to make a connection between people or things in your mind: I always associate the smell of baking with my childhood. He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies. Most people immediately associate addictions with drugs, alcohol and cigarettes. You wouldn’t normally associate these two writers—their styles are completely different.2. [v] ~ with sb to spend time with sb, especially a person or people that sb else does not approve of:I don’t like you associating with those people.3. [vn] ~ yourself with sth (formal) to show that you support or agree with sth: May I associate myself with the Prime Minister’s remarks? (= I agree with them) I have never associated myself with political extremism.adj. [only before noun]1. (often in titles) of a lower rank, having fewer rights in a particular profession or organization: associate membership of the European Union an associate member / director / editor She was only the associate producer of the movie.2.joined to or connected with a profession or an organization: an associate company in Japannoun1. a person that you work with, do business with or spend a lot of time with: business associatesa close political associate of The company is called Landor Associates. He was known to be one of the convicted man’s associates.2.Associate (US) a person who has an Associate’s degree (=one that is given after completing two years of study at a junior college)barriernoun1. an object like a fence that prevents people from moving forward from one place to another: The crowd had to stand behind barriers. Show your ticket at the barrier. The car crashed into the safety barrier and burst into flames.2. ~ (to sth) a problem, rule or situation that prevents sb from doing sth, or that makes sth impossible: the removal of trade barriers Lack of confidence is a psychological barrier to success. Cost should not be a barrier to the use of legal services. The world of Disney is a magical experience that knows no age barriers.3. ~ (between A and B)| ~ (against sth) something that exists between one thing or person and another and keeps them separate: The Yangtze river is a natural barrier to the north-east. There was no real barrier between reality and fantasy in his mind. Ozone is the earth’s barrier against ultra-violet radiation. the language barrier (= when people cannot communicate because they do not speak the same language)4. a particular amount, level or number which it is difficult to get past: the first player whose earnings passed the $1.0 million barrierdefencenounPROTECTION AGAINST A TTACK1. [U] the act of protecting sb/sth from attack, criticism, etc.: soldiers who died in defence of their country When her brother was criticized she leapt to his defence. What points can be raised in defence of this argument? I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.2.[C, U] ~ (against sth) something that provides protection against attack fromenemies, the weather, illness, etc.: The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. The harbour’s sea defences are in poor condition. The body has natural defence mechanisms to protect it from disease. Humour is a more effective defence than violence.3. [U] the organization of the people and systems that are used by a government to protect a country from attack: (BrE) the Ministry of Defence (NAmE) the Department of Defense Further cuts in defence spending are being considered.SUPPORT4. [C] something that is said or written in order to support sth: a defence of MarxismLAW5. [C] what is said in court to prove that a person did not commit a crime; the act of presenting this argument in court: Her defence was that she was somewhere completely different at the time of the crime. He wanted to conduct his own defence.6. the defence [sing.+ sing./pl. v.] the lawyer or lawyers whose job is to prove in court that a person did not commit a crimeIN SPORT7.[sing., U] the players who must prevent the other team from scoring; the position of these players on the sports field: Welford cut through the defence to score the winning goal. (BrE) She plays in defence. (NAmE) He plays on defense.8 [C] a contest, game, etc. in which the previous winner or winners compete in order to try to win again: Milan’s defence of the European Cup policynoun (pl. -ies)1.[C, U] ~ (on sth) a plan of action agreed or chosen by a political party, a business, etc.: the present government’s policy on education The c ompany has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.We have tried to pursue a policy of neutrality. US foreign / domestic policy They have had a significant change in policy on paternity leave. a policy document 2. [C, U] (formal) a principle that you believe in that influences how you behave; a way in which you usually behave: She is following her usual policy of ignoring all offers of help. (saying) Honesty is the best policy.3. [C] a written statement of a contract of insurance: Check the terms of the policy before you sign.taxnoun [C, U] ~ (on sth) money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services. People pay tax according to their income and businesses pay tax according to their profits. Tax is also often paid on goods and services: to raise / cut taxes tax increases / cuts changes in tax rates to pay over £1 000 in tax profits before / after tax a tax on cigarettes Income tax will be deducted by your employer. corporation tax, council tax, inheritance tax, poll tax, road tax, sales tax, stealth tax, value added tax, withholding taxverb [vn]1.to put a tax on sb/sth; to make sb pay tax:Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income. His declared aim was to tax the rich.2. (BrE) to pay tax on a vehicle so that you may use it on the roads: The car is taxed until July.3.to need a great amount of physical or mental effort: The questions did not tax me. The problem is currently taxing the brains of the nation’s experts (= making them think very hard).tax sb with sth(formal) to accuse sb of doing sth wrong:I taxed him with avoiding his responsibility as a parent.nationnoun1. [C] a country considered as a group of people with the same language, culture and history, who live in a particular area under one government:an independent nation the African nations2. [sing.] all the people in a country; population: The entire nation, it seemed, was watching TV. citizennoun1. a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country: She’s Italian by birth but is now an Australian citizen. British citizens living in other parts of the European Union2.a person who lives in a particular place:the citizens of Budapest When you’re old, people treat you like a second-class citizen.celebrationnoun1.[C] a special event that people organize in order to celebrate sth:birthday / wedding celebrations2.[U, C] the act of celebrating sth:Her triumph was a cause for celebration. a party in celebration of their fiftieth wedding anniversary The service was a celebration of his life (= praised what he had done in his life).tolerateverb1. to allow sb to do sth that you do not agree with or like; put up with: [vn] Their relationship was tolerated but not encouraged. This sort of behaviour will not be tolerated. [v -ing] She refused to tolerate being called a liar. [also vn -ing]2. [vn] to accept sb/sth that is annoying, unpleasant, etc. without complaining; put up with:There is a limit to what one person can tolerate. I don’t know how you tolerate that noise!3. [vn] to be able to be affected by a drug, difficult conditions,etc. without being harmed: She tolerated the chemotherapy well. Few plants will tolerate sudden changes in temperature.homelandnoun1. [usually sing.] the country where a person was born: Many refugees have been forced to flee their homeland.2. [usually pl.] (in the Republic of South Africa under the apartheid system in the past) one of the areas with some self-government that were intended for a group of black African people to live in: the Transkei homelandsuperbadj. excellent; of very good quality: a superb player The car’s in superb condition. His performance was absolutely superb. You look superb.sowverb (sowed, sown / sowed, sowed)1. ~ sth (in / on sth)| ~ sth (with sth) to plant or spread seeds in or on the ground: [vn] Sow the seeds in rows. The fields around had been sown with wheat. Sow rows of lettuces between other vegetables. [v] Water well after sowing.2. [vn] ~ sth (in sth) to introduce or spread feelings or ideas, especially ones that cause trouble:to sow doubt in sb’s mind to sow confusionsow the seeds of sth to start the process that leads to a particular situation or result: In this way he sowed the seeds of his own success.sow (your) wild oats (of young men) to go through a period of wild behaviour while young, especially having a lot of romantic or sexual relationships: He wants to leave home, sow his wild oats and learn about life.verb [v]1. ~ (to / with sth) to be the same as or match sth; agree, tally: Your account of events does not correspond with hers. Your account and hers do not correspond. The written record of the conversation doesn’t correspond to (= is different from) what was actually said.2. ~ (to sth) to be similar to or the same as sth else: The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.3. ~ (with sb) (formal) to write letters to sb and receive letters from themoweverb (not used in the progressive tenses)1. ~ sth (to sb) (for sth)| ~ (sb) sth (for sth) to have to pay sb for sth that you have already received or return money that you have borrowed: [vnn, vn] She still owes her father £3. 000. She still owes £3. 000 to her father [vn] The country owes billions of dollars to foreign creditors. How much do I owe you for the groceries? (figurative) I’m still owed three days' leave.2. ~ sth to sb| ~ sb sth to feel that you ought to do sth for sb or give them sth, especially because they have done sth for you: [vn] I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family. You owe it to your staff to be honest with them. [vnn] You owe me a favour! Thanks for sticking up for me—I owe you one (= I owe you a favour). I think you owe us an explanation. I think we’re owed an apology.3. ~ sth to sb/sth| ~ sb sth to exist or be successful because of the help or influence of sb/sth: [vn] He owes his success to hard work. The play owes much to French tragedy. [vn, vnn] I owe everything to him. I owe him everything. [vnn] I knew that I owed the surgeon my life.4. [vn] ~ allegiance / loyalty / obedience (to sb) (formal) to have to obey or be loyal to sb who is in a position of authority or power: All serfs owed allegiance to a lord.noun (pl. -ies)POWER1. [U] the power to give orders to people: in a position of authority She now has authority over the people who used to be her bosses. Nothing will be done because no one in authority (= who has a position of power) takes the matter seriously.2. [U] ~ (to do sth) the power or right to do sth: Only the manager has the authority to sign cheques. We have the authority to search this building.PERMISSION3. [U] official permission to do sth: It was done without the principal’s authority. We acted under the authority of the UN.ORGANIZATION4. [C, usually pl.] the people or an organization who have the power to make decisions or who have a particular area of responsibility in a country or region: The health authorities are investigating the problem. I have to report this to the authorities. the immigration authorities local authorityKNOWLEDGE5. [U] the power to influence people because they respect your knowledge or official position: He spoke with authority on the topic. the moral authority to run the countryEXPERT6. [C] ~ (on sth) a person with special knowledge; specialist: She’s an authority on criminal law. have sth on good authority to be able to believe sth because you trust the person who gave you theinformation: I have it on good authority that he is going to be promoted.desperateadj.1.feeling or showing that you have little hope and are ready to do anything without worrying about danger to yourself or others: The prisoners grew increasingly desperate. Stores are getting desperate after two years of poor sales. Somewhere out there was a desperate man, cold, hungry, hunted. I heard sounds of a desperate struggle in the next room.2. [usually before noun] (of an action) giving little hope of success; tried when everything else has failed:a desperate bid for freedom She clung to the edge in a desperate attempt to save herself. His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take desperate measures. Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl’s life.3. [not usually before noun] ~ (for sth)| ~ (to do sth) needing or wanting sth very much: He was so desperate for a job he would have done anything. I was absolutely desperate to see her. (informal) I’m desperate for a cigarette.4. (of a situation) extremely serious or dangerous: The children are in desperate need of love and attention. They face a desperate shortage of clean water.desperately adv.:desperately ill / unhappy / lonely He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm. They desperately wanted a child. She looked desperately around for a weapon. shrinkverb(shrank ,shrunk / shrunk, shrunk)1. to become smaller, especially when washed in water that is too hot; to make clothes, cloth, etc. smaller in this way: [v] My sweater shrank in the wash. [also vn]2. to become or to make sth smaller in size or amount: [v] The tumour had shrunk to the size of a pea. The market for theirproducts is shrinking. [vn] There was a movie called ‘Honey I shrunk the kids!’. Television in a sense has shrunk the world.3. [v + adv. / prep.] to move back or away from sth because you are frightened or shocked: He shrank back against the wall as he heard them approaching.a shrinking violet (humorous) a way of describing a very shy personshrink from sth to be unwilling to do sth that is difficult or unpleasant: We made it clear to them that we would not shrink from confrontation. [+ -ing] They did not shrink from doing what was right.windverb (wound, wound )1. [+adv. / prep.] (of a road, river, etc.) to have many bends and twists: [v] The path wound down to the beach. [vn] The river winds its way between two meadows.2. [vn + adv. / prep.] to wrap or twist sth around itself or sth else: He wound the wool into a ball. Wind the bandage around your finger.3. ~ (sth) (up) to make a clock or other piece of machinery work by turning a knob, handle, etc. several times; to be able to be made to work in this way: [vn] He had forgotten to wind his watch. [v] It was one of those old-fashioned gramophones that winds up.4.~ (sth) forward / back to operate a tape, film, etc. so that it moves nearer to its ending or starting position: [vn] He wound the tape back to the beginning. [v] Wind forward to the bit where they discover the body.5. [vn] to turn a handle several times: You operate the trapdoor by winding this handle.noun: Give the handle another couple of winds.wind sth down / wind down sth1. to bring a business, an activity, etc. to an end gradually over a period of time: The government is winding down its nuclear programme. The department is being wound down after the election.2.to make sth such as the window of a car move downwards by turning a handle, pressing a button, etc.: Can I wind my window down?wind up (informal) (of a person) to find yourself in a particular place or situation: I always said he would wind up in prison. [+ -ing] We eventually wound up staying in a little hotel a few miles from town. [+adj] If you take risks like that you’ll wind up dead.wind up/ wind sth up / wind up sth to bring sth such as a speech or meeting to an end: The speaker was just winding up when the door was flung open. If we all agree, let’s wind up the discussion. wind sb up / wind up sb(BrE, informal) to deliberately say or do sth in order to annoy sb: Calm down! Can’t you see he’s only winding you up? That can’t be true! You’re winding me up.—related noun wind-upwind sth up / wind up sth1. to stop running a company, business, etc. and close it completely2. to make sth such as the window of a car move upwards by turning a handle, pressing a button, etc.: Are all the windows wound up?paralyseverb [vn] [often passive]1. to make sb unable to feel or move all or part of their body: The accident left him paralysed from the waist down. (figurative) paralysing heat (figurative) She stood there, paralysed with fear.2. to prevent sth from functioning normally: The airport is still paralysed by the strike.recoververbFROM ILLNESS1. [v] ~ (from sth) to get well again after being ill/sick, hurt, etc.: He’s still recovering fro m his operation.FROM STH UNPLEASANT2. [v] ~ (from sth) to return to a normal state after an unpleasant or unusual experience or a period of difficulty: It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one. The economy is at last beginning to recover.MONEY3. [vn] ~ sth (from sb/sth) to get back the same amount of money that you have spent or that is owed to you: He is unlikely to ever recover his legal costs.STH LOST / STOLEN4.[vn] ~ sth (from sb/sth) to get back or find sth that was lost, stolen or missing: The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings. Six bodies were recovered from the wreckage. POSITION / STATUS5. [vn] to win back a position, level, status, etc. that has been lost; regain: The team recovered its lead in the second half.SENSES / EMOTIONS6. [vn] to get back the use of your senses, control of your emotions, etc.; regain: It took her a few minutes to recover consciousness. to recover your sight She seemed upset but quickly recovered herself.snatchverb1. [usually +adv. / prep.] to take sth quickly and often rudely or roughly; grab: [vn] She managed to snatch the gun from his hand. Gordon snatched up his jacket and left the room. [v] Hey, youkids! Don’t all snatch!2. [vn] to take sb/sth away from a person or place, especially by force; to steal sth; steal: The raiders snatched $1.00 from the cash register. The baby was snatched from its parents' car.3. [vn] to take or get sth quickly, especially because you do not have much time: I managed to snatch an hour’s sleep. The team snatched a dramatic victory in the last minute of the game.snatch at sth1. to try to take hold of sth with your hands: He snatched at the steering wheel but I pushed him away.2. to take an opportunity to do sth: We snatched at every moment we could be together.noun1.a very small part of a conversation or some music that you hear: a snatch of music I only caught snatches of the conversation.2. an act of moving your hand very quickly to take or steal sth: a bag snatch to make a snatch at sth3.(taboo, slang) an offensive word for a woman’s outer sex organsin snatches for short periods rather than continuously: Sleep came to him in brief snatches.。
Unit3单元复习讲义牛津译林版八年级英语上册
牛津译林版八年级上册Unit 3 单元复习·重点单词1.Australia 澳大利亚2.coffee 咖啡3.top 顶部，（顶部的）上面4.president 总统，国家主席5.ton 吨6.sky 天，天空7.journey 旅行，旅程8.interest 令人感兴趣的事；兴趣9.culture 文化10.Internet 网络11.page 页，页码12.rock 岩石13.climber 登山者，攀登者14.support 支持15.cost 费用，价钱16.hope 希望17.meaning 意思18.taste 味道；品味19.ticket 票，入场券20.square 广场21.join 加入，参加22.shine 照耀，发光23.arrive 到达24.pull 拉；拖；移开25.reach 到达26.rest 休息，歇息27.keep 留着；不退还28.wide ……宽的；宽广的29.clear 晴朗的；清晰的30.boring 乏味的31.main 主要的32.free 免费的33.helpless 无助的eful 有用的，有益的eless 无用的36.cheerful 兴高采烈的37.colourful 多彩的38.fine 够好，蛮不错39.finally 最后40.luckily 幸好41.ourselves 我们自己42.myself 我自己43.yourselves 你们自己44.themselves 他们自己45.itself 它自己46.cheer 欢呼，喝彩·重点短语1. e on 来吧；赶快2.arrive in/at 到达3.places of interest 景点4.home page 主页5.get on 上车6.enjoy oneself 玩得愉快7.can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事8.not believe one’s eyes 不相信自己的眼睛，非常惊讶9.by oneself/have a great time 独立地，独自10.take care 保重11.get off 下车12.take place 进行，发生13.need to exercise 需要锻炼身体14.keep fit 保持健康15.take a boat trip 划船旅行16.go past 经过17. a beautiful building with a big garden and many trees 一个带有大花园以及许多树的漂亮大楼18.around the world in a day 一天之内环游世界19.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事20.for yourself 亲自21.look just like... 看起来就像……22.as...as... 像……一样23.pull oneself up the rocks 攀岩24.keep the secret to themselves 彼此保守秘密25.go to the final 进入决赛26.the basketball final 篮球决赛27.cheer for 为……欢呼28.with one’s support 在某人的支持下29.be from different countries 来自不同国家30.plan a day out 计划外出游玩一天31.be made of 用……制成32.far away 远离33. a lot of 许多34.on the way 在路上35.all over the world 全世界36.more than 超过37.take photos (of...) 拍（……的）照片38.half an hour 半小时39. a little 有点40.each other 互相41.with one’s support 在某人的支持下42.take sb. to... 带某人去……43.go shopping 去购物44.get to 到达·重点搭配1.be going to do sth. 打算做某事2.need to do sth. 需要做某事3.as + 形容词/副词原级 +as 和……一样……4.not as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as 不如……5.Let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧。
人教版高中英语选修九Unit3《Australia》课件(2)(新)
Iwasassociatedwithhimintheproject. 我同他一起做那个项目。
Heassociateswithallsortsofpeople. 他结交各种各样的朋友。 昨天我去了中国人民对外友好协会。 【知识拓展】associationn.联合交往；协会 inassociationwith与…联合 【考例1】
Melbourne
Canberra
Placesofinterest
TheOperaHouseinSydney,withthefamous HarbourBridge,floodlitbehind
theGreatBarrierReef offthecoastofAustralia
AyersRockintheNorthernTerritories isasacredsitetotheAboriginalpeople.
Theyarebuildingthebridgein______withanotherfirm.
parisonB.associationC.touchD.connect 【解析】答案为B。
2．adequateadj.适当的，足够的；尚可的, 差强人意的 【常用表达】beadequateforsth（数量或质量）令
Thenationalflag ofAustralia
ItincludestheUKflaganda largestarandsomesmall stars.ItwasonceacolonyofEnglan d.AustraliansspeakEnglish.Thela rgestarhassix ofthepointsstandingforsixstateso Australiaandthe seventhfortheterritories.
外研版(新标准)英语九年级上册Module 10 Australia Unit 3教案
Chapter 1 Lead-in : Warming up(营造氛围，导入新课)Step 1 Language practiceI have some photos that I took in Australia last year.They wear special hats that keep the flies away.The horse that I rode was lazy.The game that they like most is Australian football.Chapter 2 The students can learn by themselves, and ask some questions about the study. (自主学习提出疑问)Step 2 Read the passage and underline all the sentences with that. Australia has more beaches than any other country —more than 10,000! It has one of the most famous beaches in the world, called Bondi Beach. Bondi Beach is the most beautiful beach that I have ever seen. It is a huge, wide beach that is very popular for swimming and other water sports. It is a great place to visit and to spend some time at. It is easy to get there by bus or train from the centre of Sydney. The hotel that we stayed in was right on the beach. It was perfect!Keys: Bondi Beach is the most beautiful beach that I have ever seen.It is a huge, wide beach that is very popular for swimming and other water sports.The hotel that we stayed in was right on the beach.Now work in pairs. Discuss the meaning of the sentences with that. Chapter 3 The students can learn the main p oint with the help of the teacher, and solve the problems. (精讲点拨)Step 3 that 引导定语从句that 为定语从句的引导词, 放在先行词及定于从句之间起连接作用, 同时在定语从句中充当句子成分。
高中英语 unit 3 australia 知识精讲 新人教版选修9
高三英语新课 Unit3 Australia知识精讲一. 本周教学内容：高三新课：Unit 3（II）—Australia二. 知识总结与归纳：1. It was probably once connected to South America, but the continents separated as the earth’s plates moved.澳洲很可能曾经同南美洲连在一起，但是随着地球板块的活动而分离开了。
connect to / with ：与……有联系／连接The child connected the moon with a fairy tale his grandma told him.separate：分离短语：separate…from….2. Having been separated from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.因为澳大利亚同其他大陆已经分离了几百万年了，所以澳大利亚与许多动植物是世界其他地方找不到的。
Having been separated from other continents for millions of years：现在分词的完成式做原因状语。
Having put up the tent, they started to cook their supper.3. One strange animals lay eggs yet feeds its young on its milk.有一种动物很奇特，会下蛋，而又给她的幼崽喂奶。
lay egg：下蛋。
lay的其他意思：摆放；把……归于相关的短语：lay out：布置；安排；lay down：放下；lay aside：把……放在一边；lay off：裁员；lay the foundation of ….：奠定……的基础feed sb. on sth. ：用……喂养；＝feed sth to sb.feed on….：以……为食In winter they feed the horses on hay and corn.Chinese people feed on rice chiefly.You can feed these turnips to the rabbits.其他短语：feed …with…：用……补给……be fed up with = be tired of…厌倦……He fed the fire with some logs.I have fed up with these boring meeting.4. In area, it is approximately the same size as the USA（without Alaska） which, however, has more than fourteen times as many people.澳大利亚的面积大致相当于美国（不含阿拉斯加）。
高中英语 Unit3《Australia》课件（1） 新人教版选修9
4. more than +adj./adv 在语义上表示很高 的程度, 意为 “非常” “十分” “更 加”等
eg. I’m more than happy to hear that. 5. more than one…不止一个, 作主语时,
eg. She spotted someone coming out of the building. As the only man on the spot, he was in a position to take vital decisions.
8. It is also possible to climb the rock, but most people don’t do this out of respect for the Aboriginal people who consider the rock to be sacred.爬上岩石也是可能 的, 但大多数人出于尊敬那些土著居民而 不那样做, 因为他们认为这块岩石是神圣 的.
Word Study nationality 国籍
national 国家的,民族的
international 国际的
nationwide 全国范围的
nation 国家
归纳
more than
1. more than + 数词, ……以上, 多 于……, ……有余, 等于over
eg. By then he was more than forty years of age.
2. GLIMPSES OF AUSTRALIA
澳大利亚小览
高中英语 Unit3Australia-Reading课件 新人教选修9.ppt
Australia:
Australia is in Oceania, the smallest continent in the world. The capital is Canberra. Sydney is a famous city, which has the well-known building Sydney Opera House. In the year of 2000, the 27th Olympic Games was held in Sydney. Australia has some unique animals, such as the kangaroo, the emu and the koala.
5. The rock in Uluru is amazing because _______. A. it is very high B. it is very large C. it is sacred D. it can change color
6. How many World Heritage is mentioned in the five texts? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 4. 14
In this country, you will see many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else, such as the kangaroo, koala bear, etc. Do you know which country it is?
3. How many people live in Australia?
20 million.
4. When is Australia Day? 26th January.
高中英语 Unit 3 Australia Period 3 Grammar Writing同步精练 新人教版选修9
Unit 3 Australia Period 3 Grammar & Writing 同步精练（人教版选修9，课标通用）时间：45分钟Ⅰ.连词填空1．The reason why I am so late is________I missed the bus.2．The only thing that is wrong with this is________a friend of mine said to me the other day.3．The reason that she gave for not being present was________the heavy snow prevented her coming.4．Air is to us________water is to fish.5．The problem is________we can get to replace her.6．My suggestion is________we(should)start early tomorrow.7．It sounds________someone is knocking at the door.Lucy，go to open the door，please.8．I was disappointed today.That's________he didn't understand me.9．He told a lie yesterday.That's________I got angry with him. 10．Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that's________it takes to do anything well.答案 1.that 2.what 3.that 4.what 5.who 6.that7．as if 8.because 9.why 10.whatⅡ.句型转换1．A：My hobby is growing flowers.B：My hobby is________ ________flowers.2．A：What I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon.B：________ ________ ________I am going to do is to play tennis this afternoon. 3．A：It is because you eat too much.B：________ ________is________you eat too much.4．A：She seems as if she had done a great thing.B：She seems________ ________she had done a great thing.5．A：What the police want to know is the time that you entered the room.B：What the police want to know is________you entered the room.答案 1.to grow 2.The thing that 3.The reason；that 4.as though 5.whenⅢ.单项填空1．—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.—Why? It's________than the films I have ever seen.A．far more interesting B．much less interestingC．no more interesting D．any less interesting解析句意：——我不得不说这部电影真的没有意思。
(必考题)初中英语八年级上册 Unit 3知识点总结(培优)
一、选择题1．The weather in Australia is not the same _______ ours.A．to B．for C．as D．at C解析：C【详解】句意：澳大利亚的天气和我们的不一样。
to到……；for为了，因为；as像；作为；at在具体的时间点或地点。
根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语the same as…，意为“和……一样”。
故选C。
2．—____ should get the job, Bill or Tim?—I think Tim should get the job.A．Who do you think B．Whose do you thinkC．Do you think whose D．Do you think who A解析：A【解析】句意“你认为谁应该得到这个工作，比尔还是蒂姆？-我认为蒂姆应该得到这份工作”。
do you think作插入语，在特殊疑问句中放于疑问词和谓语动词中间，且由Bill or Tim可知，询问的是人，且在句中作主语，故用who。
故选A。
3．一Your best friend is really talented learning foreign languages.一Yes, he is also good other subjects.A．in; with B．at; forC．in; at D．at; to C解析：C【解析】句意：——你最好的朋友在学习外语方面很有天赋。
——是的，他还擅长其他科目。
考查介词辨析题。
be talented in在某方面有天赋；be good at擅长做某事，都是固定短语；根据句意语境，可知选C。
4．—Frank, are your parents strict with you?—Yes. They always make me ________ my homework before I go out.A．to finishing B．finishing C．to finish D．finish D解析：D【详解】句意：-----弗兰克，你父母对你要求严格吗？-----是的。
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Unit 3 Australia一、目标浏览[重点词语]beyond, camp, faith, elder, starve, birth, task, curiously, fix up, die of,be known as, live by, feed on, hand down, rather than, by heart, tie sth. to…,round up, be experienced a t…, intend to do sth.[重点句型]…times + as + adj. / adv. + as…catch sb. doing sth.[语法焦点]动词+ing形式作宾语补足语与状语[口语交际]禁止和警告[能力指导]写作训练(三): 练习描写某地的巨大变化[听力指导]听力试题的题型及特点二、课文导学[课文背景介绍]Australia is an island and it is a continent. It is the largest island in the world but it is the smallest continent. It is almost 7.7million square km. Compare this with China, China is about 9.7 million square km.Australia is in the south of the world. It lies between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The Indian Ocean is to the west and the south. The Pacific Ocean is to the east .Most of the half of Australia is highland. But it is not very high, and the land is rather flat. High flat land is not called mountains. It is called Plateau（高原）.The west of Australia is called the Western-Australian Plateau. It is about 300 m . high.There is high land in the east of Australia, too. Some of it is plateau and some of it is mountains. The highest mountain is in the southeast. It is called MT Kosciusko. It is 2,228 m. high. This high land in the east is sometimes called the Great Dividing Range. It has this name because it divides the east coast from the rest of the country. Between the Great Dividing Range and the western Australian Plateau the land is low. This part of the country is called the Central Lowlands.The only big river in Australia is the River Murray. It begins in the mountains in the southeast of the country and it runs westward into the Indian Ocean.[释疑解惑]1．Yang Pei and Jackie are going camping in the Australian bush with some other friends.杨培和杰基准备同几个朋友到澳大利亚的丛林里去露营。
句中的going camping属于go +doing的结构，表示“去干某事”的意思，多指从事与体育、娱乐有关的活动。
例如：go boating 去划船go camping 去露营go climbing 去登山go dancing 去跳舞go fishing 去钓鱼go hunting 去打猎go swimming 去游泳go shopping 去买东西2．Will you help me fix up this sheet？请你帮我把这个布蓬搭起来好吗？fix up“搭起”，“安装”，“修理”解。
在本句中fix up=put up（搭起）They fixed up a simple operation table at one end of the room.他们在房间的一头搭起了一个简单的手术台。
They are busy fixing up the lights.他们正忙着装灯哩。
3．Their spiritual faith and their gods were very important to them, and knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.他们的宗教信仰和他们所信奉的神对他们来说是非常重要的；他们的知识、风俗习惯以及他所怀念的事情都是由他们的祖先传授下来的。
句中的短语动词hand down(=pass down)作“相传”、“传给”解，意思是“（从上代）传下来（给后代）”。
例如：The old house has been handed down for three generations.这座老房子已经传了三代了。
This custom has been handed down since the 18th century.这种风俗是从18世纪传下来的。
4．They invented different kinds of fishing nets, also a curiously shaped piece of wood for hunting which could be thrown and which would return to the thrower if it did not strike anything .他们发明了各种各样的渔网，还发明了一种用木头制成的外形奇特的捕猎器，这种捕猎器可以投掷出，如果没有击中目标，它又会回到投掷者手中来。
在a curiously shaped piece of wood (一块形状奇特的木头)这个短语中，shaped是过去分词，作定语，修饰后面的piece of wood。
这种作定语的过去分词前，还可以带副词作状语。
下是几个类似的例子：a widely used language 一种广泛使用的语言a wrongly pronounced sound 一个发错了的音highly praised deeds 受到高度赞扬的行为5．They became experienced at finding underground springs.他们对寻找地下泉水逐渐有了经验。
be / become experienced at sth ./doing sth .对某事/做某事有经验。
短语中的at也可以用in。
形容词experienced(有经验的)也可以作定语。
例如：She is an experienced teacher. 她是一位有经验的教师。
He is very experienced at repairing cars. 他修理汽车很有经验。
He is quite experienced in this kind of work. 他干这类工作相当有经验。
6．Education was intended for white settlers only, and until very recently no school lessons held in languages rather than English.教育只是为白人殖民者而办，而且直到最近以前，还没有一所学校使用英语以外的语言进行教学。
rather than短语意思是“与其；不是”。
例如：I rather than you ,should do the work.该做这项工作的是我而不你。
I think I’ll have a cold drink rather than coffee我想喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。
7．One strange animal lays eggs, yet feeds its young on its milk.有一种怪兽会产卵，然而又给幼仔哺乳。
①lay在本句的意思是“产（卵）”例如：Hens lay eggs. 母鸡生蛋。
lay还作“置放，铺设，准备”讲。
例如：He laid his hand on my shoulder.他把他的手放在我的肩上。
The workers are laying a new submarine cable.工人们正在铺设新的海底电线。
to lay the table是个常用的词组，意思是“摆设餐桌，准备吃饭”。
注意lay与lie容易混淆，特别是它们的过去式，过去分词和现在分词：lay laid laid layinglie lay lain lying （躺）lie lied lied lying （说谎）②feed sb. on sth .=feed sth to sb . 给…喂养…。
例如：The mother fed her baby on her own milk(=The mother fed her own milk to her baby.) 母亲用母乳喂婴儿。
What do you feed your dog on ? 你给你的狗喂什么？8．In area it is about the same size as the USA (without Alaska),which has morethan thirteen times as many people.从面积上讲，澳大利亚大体上相当于美国（阿拉斯加除外），而美国的人口却是澳大利亚人口的十三倍还多。