《呼啸山庄》和《简爱》中仆人的作用和特点

《呼啸山庄》和《简爱》中仆人的作用和特点

Abstract(English) (i)

Abstract(Chinese) (ii)

Chapter 1 Introduction (1)

Chapter 2 The Roles of Servants (8)

Chapter 3 The Characteristics of Servants (27)

Chapter 4 Emily and Charlotte’s Presentation of Servants (46)

Chapter 5 Conclusion (51)

Bibliography (53i)

Abstract

In 1847,with the publication of Wuthering Heights,Agnes Grey and Jane Eyre,three

Bronte sisters caused great curiosity of the readers and critics,especially Emily Bronte,the authoress of Wuthering Heights,and Charlotte Bronte,the authoress of Jane Eyre.Jane’s

struggle for independence and her romantic love with Rochester and the passionate and controversial love between Catherine and Heathcliff have been reviewed for more than 100 years.Many critics have made tremendous contributions to criticism of the sources of the novels,their narrative styles and creating motivations as well as the analysis of the protagonists.This thesis,however,focuses on the roles and characteristics of servants in

these two novels.Even though servants are minor characters,it doesn’t follow that they

play no roles and have no characteristic and therefore can be neglected.Although two

novels tell quite different stories,readers can easily find some interesting and controversial images of the servants who are inseparable from the development of the protagonists and

the whole stories.When they are confronted with the changeable fate of the protagonists, especially when there is the lacking of the image of the mother,they participate in the

actions,even intending to influence the protagonists’judgment and showing their inborn conscience;some become totally callous and help to exacerbate the tragedy of the protagonists.But employed,dependent and fundamentally confined in a low social

position in patriarchal society in which men are supreme,they cannot understand the

exterior and interior struggle of protagonists,nor can they have independent thinking,

despite the fact that some of them are somewhat literate and strongly religious.By

exposing the conscience and callousness demonstrated by the servants in two novels,the

thesis intends to dig out the social and psychological state of the servants in the early 19th century,finding that they are still enslaved in the patriarchal society.It is clear that Emily

gives the reader richer and more vivid description of the servants,and pays more attention

to these people than Charlotte.ii

摘要

1847年，随着《简爱》、《呼啸山庄》、《阿格尼斯·格雷》的出版，勃朗特三姐

妹引起了读者和评论界的极大兴趣，尤其是《简爱》的作者夏洛特?勃朗特和《呼啸

山庄》的作者艾米莉?勃朗特。一百多年里，简对个人独立的不懈追求和她与罗切斯

特先生之间浪漫而又波折的爱情故事，凯瑟琳和希刺克利夫之间狂热而又颇引人争议