考试段落总结(研究生英语多维教程熟谙)
多维教程熟谙_Unit_2_段落大意_summary
I. Text analysis: Macro-analysis
❖ 1. Style: argumentation
❖ 2. Coherence: Logical connection
❖ [c]. (para.s 16 -18) Establish and maintain family harmony
❖ [d]. (para.s 19 - 22) Plan the estate
❖ Part 3: (paras23---25): Par.23: Transitional par.; conclusion: Necessity to start planning for wealth transfer in a comprehensive manner right now
❖ Part 2: (para.s 5 - 22: body) Four “must” elements of family business transfer
❖ [a]. (para.s 5 - 9) Plan a takeover / succession management
❖ [b]. (para.s 10 -15) Define family employment practices
❖ II. Introduction to the Text
❖
North America, Asia and Western Europe have
been undergoing an entrepreneurial renaissance. The
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙
17Students come to campus at a time of high expectancy. And yet, all too often they become enmeshed in routines that are deadening and distracting. As we talked with teachers and students, we often had the uncomfortable feeling that the most vial issues of life —the nature of society, the roots of social injustice, indeed the very prospects for human survival —are the ones with which the undergraduate college is least equipped to deal.18The outcomes of collegiate education should be measured by the student’s performance in the classroom as he or she becomes proficient in the use of knowledge, acquires a solid basic education, and becomes competent in specific field. Further, the impact of the undergraduate experience is to be assessed by the performance of the graduate in the workplace and further education.19But in the end, students must be inspired by a larger vision, using the knowledge they have acquired to discover patterns, form values, and advance the common good. The undergraduate experience at its best will move the student from competence to commitment.20A recent college graduate wrote about the commitments of young people and their future. She asks:“what kind of nation will we be if we cannot even commit ourselves to other people, much less to a set of abstract values?...what kinds of politicians will we elect if self-interest is our highest value, humanity an ‘inoperative’ commodity ?”21When all is said and done, the college should encourage each student to develop the capacity to judge wisely in matters of life and conduct. Time must be taken for exploring ambiguities and reflecting on the imponderables of life —in classrooms, in the rathskellers, and in bull sessions late at night. The goal is not to indoctrinate students, but to set them free in the word of ideas and provide a climate in which ethical and moral choices can be thoughtfully examined, and convictions formed.22This imperative does not replace the need for rigorous study in the disciplines, but neither must specialization become an excuse to suspend judgment or diminish the search for purposeful life objectives.23We are keenly aware of the limited impact people and their institutions seem to make these days on the events of our time. But our abiding hope is that, with determination and effort, the undergraduate college can make a difference in the intellectual and personal lives of its graduates, in the social and civic responsibilities they are willing to assume, and ultimately in their world perspective. These intangibles, which reveal themselves in ways that are very real, are the characteristics by which, ultimately, the quality of the undergraduate experience must be measured.17学生在校园里的高预期时间。
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙全文翻译完整版
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译及课后练习参考答案
Unit3 美国人的酷爱我父亲是别克人。
在经济大萧条以前，他本是史达兹人。
然而，就像成千上万经济状况处于上升阶段的有车族一样，那场可悲的经济逆转使他们非得调整对汽车的胃口不可。
到他死的时候，他开过的那些别克轿车就不只是普通意义上的交通工具了，而且将父亲定位于这样的社会阶层——比庞蒂亚克人富有，但比不上克迪拉克人。
拥有别克轿车让人一看便知父亲的社会地位。
与别克人相当的还有福特人和克莱斯勒人。
我们美国人与汽车的特殊缘分，其坚实的基础就在于对一种轿车品牌的忠诚，这种忠诚因其来之不易而倍受珍惜。
·这就是爱吗?也许用词过分，可美国人对这些机器的尊重甚过所有其他机器——不仅将它们视为20世纪雕塑大观中的标志，而且还将它们视为社会的护身符。
我记忆中的第一辆别克车是一辆闪闪发亮的黑色轿车，椅子的衬垫是厚厚的马海毛，离合器拉杆是新式的。
我父亲爱吹嘘说这辆车一小时能跑120英里。
一想到这样的速度就会令男人们兴奋不已。
我照着家里的菲尔可牌收音机盒里播出的格林，霍利特驾驶的那个神秘机器的名字，给这头漂亮的牲口取了个名副其实的绰号——黑美驹。
20世纪中，电话、电视或者个人电脑，这一切都使人类环境发生了巨大变化。
然而，与电话、电视、电脑不同的是，汽车却享有人格化的地位。
有些汽车可以成为家庭成员，机械宠物。
我们给汽车起名字，在自己·家的车道上精心打扮汽车，在汽车不能满足我们的需要时诅咒它们。
在折旧换新之时为旧车的离去而悲哀。
人们对汽车的热爱让环境保护者、安全为重的倡导者以及社会工程师们感到不安。
他们认为通往人间天堂的道路应该到处都铺设公交运输所必备的发亮轨道。
他们想象着我们加入未来拥挤不堪的自行车行列，而不是像一位激动不已的评论家所预见的那样，坐在“傲慢的双轮马车”方向盘后。
这种态度不是现在才有的。
首先是铁路，接着是汽车造成的人口流动早已使得守旧的特权阶层感到不安。
在战场上有过辉煌，但却以鄙视下层民众而出名的威林顿公爵在150年前就曾反对英国发展铁路，这是因为火车只会怂恿普通人毫无意义地到处走动。
考试段落总结(研究生英语多维教程熟谙)
Unit1 从能力到责任When today’s high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduates, most say that they intend to get a bachelor’s degree. They have been told that their generation has only “one way to win”-by getting at least at least a bachelor’s degree, in the hope that it will eventually lead to a professional job.In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the Nation Center for Education Statistics, 85 percent of the respondents said they planned to ge t a bachelor’s degree. And, although20 years ago only 45 percent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 percent actually matriculate (注册), with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer to four-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that, intend it may be cause for national concern. Why? Because for many young peo ple, the “one way to win” paradigm (例子)is not realistic, given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor’s degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure–in both dollars and unmet expectations-is rising and beginning to erode public confidence in our system of high education.A 1.（Arnod Toynbee has said that all progress…）德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
多维教程ExploringHorizon硕士英语精读总结
Traver languageWith the development and spread of language in the world, the same language may develop different meanings. This is due to cultural differences. For this reason, France once legislated to protect its own language, while English was divided with the appearance of Americans. This difference first appears in the words, such as loafer. In Mumbai, it means baker, while visitors to Mumbai think loafer means lazy. In addition to the meaning of words, this difference is also manifested in grammar. People in different regions will get used to the different parts of a sentenceLies and TruthLie and truth are two opposite words. People usually think that lies are deliberately said.Some people hold the view that lying is always bad, because lying means that the liar neither respects himself nor trusts the audience. The opposite view is that some lies are evil, while others are necessary to safeguard the society. Everyone distinguishes lies by their own views, which varies with cultural differences.In addition, lies can also be classified simply, including white lies, dirty lies and omitted liesFalse promises. A white lie is a lie whose starting point is to help others. A dirty lie, on the contrary, is for personal gain. Knowing but not telling is also a kind of lie, and lies caused by one's own cognitive errors are considered to be forgivable false promises. Another kind of lie is to cheat yourself, because it is very hard to live in the real world. So what is truth? The truth is that we have to live in a world full of so many lies.Generation XToday's young people are called "Generation X". They are very different from their parents, but why are they so different?We can find the answer from their social background and family environment. First of all, they don't have many competitors. Secondly, the high divorce rate of parents makes most of them grow up in single-parent families. Moreover, they know that they are inferior to their parents, but at the same time they accept themselves. Finally, Gen X also witnessed the final outcome of their parents' hard work. Therefore, they feel that they can't find a good job after graduation. They even began to expect a lot of money.But they are not a decadent generation. They have ideals and goals. They hope they can change society in many ways. They are more free, personalized, sincere and have their own ideas, so they hate political manipulation. They want to spend more time with their children. They focus on innovationI believe that Generation X is different from the surface in many ways. In a period of time, they will make the society better.Women, men and moneyAs we all know, a couple often quarrel over money. Scientific research shows that if a woman makes more money than her husband, her husband will feel uncomfortable, and the two people are likely to quarrel and even divorce.There are many reasons why women's earning ability gradually exceeds that of men. The most important is that, first of all, women have higher education than in the past. Secondly, more of them work full-time. Finally, with the progress of society, people began to pay attention to and demand gender equality in the workplace.The research also shows that when the husband's income is less than the wife's income, the husbands will feel uncomfortable. Although they will try to adapt to change, the results are often unsatisfactory. Women may even face emotional crisis, even domestic violence.Men feel uncomfortable because their wives earn more than themselves, but this is not all because of men. Because sometimes, some wives will not respect their husbands in quarrels because of their high income. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right partner at the beginning of a relationship.Under such circumstances, it takes great efforts to maintain the relationship after marriage. First of all, women must be very sensitive to men's feelings. Secondly, women should respect men's efforts. Finally, if necessary, women should acknowledge men's efforts in public and give them face.With the increasing trend of women's income, there may be ways to solve it or get used to it in the future.The soul of the BusinessMost businessmen only want to make money, but Tom Chappell, the author of "The Soul of Enterprise", is different from other businessmen. He believes that he is "managing for profit and common interests". He hopes to be connected with the spirit of consumers and have common values: respect for human dignity, community value, environment and animals, as well as all aspects of our natural world.In the United States, the economy and interests have always been closely linked. Under such circumstances, it seems out of place for him to work for the common interests. However, the facts proved that he was right. He changed the world. With the support of his wife and friends, Tom founded a natural canned product care product company. With this idea, Tom became a successful businessman and also influenced others. His idea was not only successful in making profits, but also successful in influencing people's thoughts. He hopes to set an example of ethical business standards. Tom and his wife put it into practice. He created a valuable work culture. This culture can motivate employees and make them progress. Their company pays attention to giving back to the society and doing public welfare.Tom said that business people should not only focus on making money, but also on protecting, cultivating and maintaining the things we cherish in our lives. His success confirmed his idea.To Err Is HumanPeople are born to make mistakes. You can't find a person who never makes mistakes. The computer was invented by human beings and is an extension of the human brain. So computer mistakes are also human mistakes in essence. Human fallibility may be a unique talent and also the driving force of human progress. When we make mistakes, we try to answer or solve problems. In the process, we learn, we progress, and we grow. When we encounter two or more choices, we will choose the best one. In this process, we think, thinking allows us to rise to a higher level. If we don't have the knack of making mistakes, we will never achieve anything in life.It is this ability that makes us stand out from many creatures. If one day the computer also has the ability to learn from its own mistakes, it will have a huge impact on the development of human beings and robots. However, until then, only we can learn from our mistakes and overcome challenges and obstacles. Therefore, if we face huge mistakes, we can find ourselves at a new level and prepare to move forward again. Although this can only be achieved through our own attempts, mistakes and ultimate success.On Being Black and Middle ClassThe black middle class is a very embarrassing existence in American society. They are both black and middle class. Their identity is defined from the upper white and middle class.The author is a black middle class. His father was born in a poor family, but through hard work and sacrifice, he achieved the status of the middle class, so the author very much agrees with the idea of the middle class. However, the author believes that the lower black people in the stereotype of white people are so unfortunate because they are not hard enough to blame their misfortune on their skin color. The author believes that black people should not be restricted by color, and they should change the status quo through their own efforts.Many black people think that as long as the whole black community improves, individuals can improve, so they ignore their efforts. However, on the contrary, race can only progress when a large number of individuals in the group make progress. Some black people believe that the middle class black people should go back and try their best to help the lower class black people. The author objected to this. He believed that the status of the middle class was completely achieved through our own efforts. It is better to give people fish than to give them fish. We need to show the way to the black people who want to get the middle class but can't find a way out, instead of directly giving them subsidies. They should try to seize the opportunity and fight for it.Depression and How to Beat itWhen ordinary people suffer from depression, they will lose their enthusiasm for life, become very sad, and even want to commit suicide.Depression is a very common disease, and it is easy to be confused with other diseases. It is difficult to diagnose depression in time.Depression is a terrible disease, but it is also the most easily treatable mental disease. In addition, the incidence rate of depression is closely related to changes in gender, age and living environment. In general, the incidence rate of women is generally higher than that of men, and people with high IQ are more likely to get sick. In one survey, nearly 23% of people experienced serious hesitation.The cause of depression is usually the stress in life, mood fluctuations, including happiness and sadness. In addition, depression may also be inherited.The Japanese ChallengeThe Japanese pay the most attention to their own interests and want to take advantage of various conditions. The United States and Japan are fighting a trade war. Japan is a strong competitor. But the United States government did not notice this.Japan has an advantage in this trade war. First, the Japanese government supports Japanese industry through policies. Cultivate all kinds of technical talents. In addition, Japan's institutional provisions allow the government and industry to work together to achieve its national goals. This enables people to unite and use the most advanced technology to design excellent products. Second, Japan's tax rate is very low. Third, the yen is artificially devalued, which is to make the products they export attractive in price.These advantages of Japan have kept the United States in a passive state and may adversely affect us at any time. We must ask Japan to explain the behavior of disturbing our economic market and explain their follow-up plans.On FriendshipEach country has different definitions of friendship, but the same thing is that everyone cares about friendship very much.Americans think friendship is easy. They don't need many friends, but they are comfortable. In France, on the contrary, they require friends to have the same views and be of the same sex.. For them, friendship is a matter of two people, independent of family. German friendship is based on feelings. They value each other's heart more. In their view, friendship is a temporary relationship. When the environment of two people changes, their friendship may change. British friendship is the opposite. Their friendship will not change with time. Once the British friendship breaks down, it will inevitably leave irreparable scars.Each kind of friendship has its own way of life. However, the essence is the same. Friendship is different from affection. He is to choose and be chosen, as well as to be equal and inclusive. These are the common essence of friendship.。
(完整版)研究生英语多维教程熟谙(正文翻译+课后练习参考答案)
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
2024年考研英语学习总结
2024年考研英语学习总结2024年考研英语备考之路注定是一段艰辛而充实的旅程。
通过这一年的努力，我不仅掌握了更多的英语知识和技巧，还培养了自己的学习能力和应变能力。
在这____字的总结中，我将回顾自己的学习经历，总结取得的成绩和经验，以及遇到的困难和所需改进的地方。
首先，在英语学习的过程中，我主要采用了分阶段的学习方法。
在备考初期，我主要是通过扎实的基础知识学习和大量的阅读来提升自己的英语水平。
我每天坚持背诵和复习高频词汇，并通过阅读英文文章来提高阅读理解能力。
同时，我也利用网络平台和参加英语角等活动来提高口语表达能力。
这些基础工作为后期的专项训练打下了坚实的基础。
其次，在备考的中期和后期，我注重对考试技巧和题型的熟悉和掌握。
通过分析往年真题和模拟试题，我逐渐摸索出了一些解题技巧和思路。
例如，在阅读理解中，我通过找出文章的主题句和关键词，快速筛选出对应题目的相关信息。
在完形填空方面，我主要注意关注上下文语境和句子结构，从而选择正确的答案。
在写作方面，我注重培养自己的逻辑思维和组织能力，并通过模仿和修改范文来提高写作水平。
除了学习方法的调整，我还采取了一些应对考试压力和提高复习效率的措施。
首先，我每天保持充足的睡眠时间，以确保精力充沛。
其次，我合理规划每天的学习计划，并坚持定时反复温故知识。
此外，我也注意进行体育锻炼和放松自己的身心，以提高复习效果。
在这一年的学习过程中，我也遇到了许多困难和挑战。
首先是英语听力的难度。
相较于阅读和写作，我在听力方面的成绩相对较差。
因此，我会在接下来的学习中，加强听力的训练，多听多练，提高自己的听力理解能力。
其次是英语写作部分的表达能力。
尽管我通过模仿和修改范文来提高写作水平，但在真正面对自己的创作时，我依然感到困难重重。
因此，我希望在接下来的备考过程中，能多加练习，提高自己的写作能力。
综上所述，2024年的考研英语备考过程是充实而又艰辛的。
通过努力学习和不断总结，我取得了一些成绩和经验。
研究生英文总结范文
As I come to the end of my master's degree program, I find myself reflecting on the incredible journey of learning, growth, and discovery that has marked the past two years. This summary aims to encapsulate the key experiences, achievements, and insights gained during my time in the program.Academic AchievementsMy academic journey was characterized by a deep dive into the field of [Your Field of Study]. I began by solidifying my foundational knowledge through a comprehensive curriculum that included courses on [List Key Courses]. These courses provided me with a robust theoretical framework upon which to build my research and practical skills.One of the highlights of my academic experience was the completion of my master's thesis, titled "[Your Thesis Title]". This project involved extensive research, data analysis, and critical thinking, culminating in a comprehensive study that contributed to the existing body of knowledge in [Your Field of Study]. The process was challenging but rewarding, and it taught me the importance of perseverance and the value of meticulous research.Research ExperienceResearch has been a cornerstone of my master's program. I had the opportunity to work under the guidance of [Supervisor's Name], a leading expert in [Supervisor's Field]. My research focused on [Brief Description of Research], and it involved collaborating with a diverse team of students and faculty members.The research experience not only honed my technical skills but also introduced me to the intricacies of working in a team and managing complex projects. It also taught me the importance of clear communication and the ability to adapt to new challenges.Professional DevelopmentBeyond the classroom, I actively sought out opportunities to enhance my professional development. I participated in several workshops andseminars, including those on [List Relevant Workshops or Seminars]. These experiences provided me with practical skills and industryinsights that are invaluable for my future career.Additionally, I took on a teaching assistantship for a course in [Course Name]. This role allowed me to apply my knowledge in a teaching context, helping me develop my pedagogical skills and my ability to communicate complex concepts effectively.Personal GrowthThe master's program has been a transformative experience on a personal level as well. I have learned to manage my time more efficiently, tothink critically and analytically, and to approach challenges with a positive attitude. These skills have not only improved my academic performance but have also prepared me for the professional world.Future GoalsLooking forward, I am excited about the opportunities that lie ahead. I plan to pursue a career in [Your Desired Field], where I hope to apply the knowledge and skills I have acquired during my master's program. My ultimate goal is to make a meaningful contribution to the field of [Your Field of Study] and to continue my professional development through ongoing research and learning.In conclusion, my master's degree program has been an enriching and transformative experience. It has equipped me with the academic foundation, research skills, and professional competencies necessary to excel in my chosen field. I am grateful for the support of my professors, peers, and mentors, and I look forward to applying the lessons learnedto the next chapter of my life.。
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙正文翻译
Unit1 从能力到责任当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
当他们试图弄懂有关“星球大战”的辩论的问题时，那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语，曾让公众一筹莫展。
多维教程熟谙 Unit 3 文章分析 段落大意 summary
3. Lecture on the word study of, esp. boldfaced words and some difficult points to move the obstacles in language 4. Group work combining with individual work on the exercises to consolidate the ss‘ learning I. Text analysis A. Macro-analysis 1. Style: Narration interspersed with comment 2. Coherence: logical connection [1]. Textual / Topic theme: Americans‘ automotive tastes and values [2]. Structure / Plan of the text
c. ant.: love, like, hate; overwrought, newfangled, etc. d. hyponyms: e.g. machine, automobile, car, Buick, Ford, Chrysler, Pontiac, Cadillac, chariots, wheels, etc. e. collocation: e.g. be well off, lend credence to, rise up, etc. 2. grammatical connection a. tenses: largely simple present, simple past & present perfect b. non-finite verbs: e.g. hard won…[par.2], to move…[par.4], permitting…. [par.5], hopping…,wheeling…[par.6], etc. c. subordinate clauses: e.g. attr.-cl. by (when), who, that, where; adv.-cl. by after,
(完整word版)研究生英语多维教程熟谙Unit5英语summary(word文档良心出品)
The summary of Unit5 Sandwich generationIn the modern society，there are a large group，They are the so-called Sandwich generation，people who are struggling to care for both their children and their elders，often while holding down a job as well.The Sandwich generation are living a hard life.The statistics show that the proportion of seniors living with their children is decreasing，those who do move in with their children enter households profoundly changed from previous generations.Because toda y′s seniors had fewer children than their predecessors，there are fewer family members to share the burden.They not only have some elder-care responsibilities，ranging from occasional help with groceries to fulltime care at home，but also care for their children.In fact，the parents of an average family now work 65 to 80 hours a week，up from 40 to 45 hours a week in the 1950s.To stay in the placethey are working twice as hard.It lead to that they have more stress，less job satisfaction and more absence than their colleagues.That change often is overlooked amid increasing public pressure to transfer some of the governments health-care burden to individual families.But families have changed，you cannot make the assumption the people are available.Even when an elderly parent lives independently，responsibilities can weigh heavily on their children，How do they break away from their job to see a sick mother?And then they fell guilty when they leave her alone.Even if their elderly parents are not living with them，there is the stress of juggling obligations at home，to their extended family and their employer.Fortunately，there are many house holds that cope well，especially when the senior is healthy or the younger family members have outside help in times of crisis.But for many families who bear a wide range of new responsibilities，elder care can take a physical，and emotional，sacrifice.To the sandwich generation，all these responsibilities are a trouble to them，their burden will be more heavy than any generations before.。
2024年考研英语学习总结范本(三篇)
2024年考研英语学习总结范本____年是我准备考研的一年，在这一年里，我经历了许多挑战和困难，但最终我成功地通过了考试，实现了自己的目标。
在这____字的篇幅中，我将总结一下我在考研英语学习方面的经验和收获。
首先，在备考过程中，我注重了词汇的积累和记忆。
词汇是英语学习的基础，掌握了足够的词汇量，才能更好地理解和表达自己的思想。
我每天都会抽出专门的时间来背单词，涵盖了各个考点的词汇，并通过做一些词汇联想和扩展来加深记忆。
此外，我还利用各种词汇书和APP进行复习和练习，以确保自己牢固掌握了所学的词汇。
其次，在阅读方面，我注重了对文章的理解和解析。
考研英语阅读要求考生能够快速有效地理解文章的主旨和细节，并具备分析和推理的能力。
为了提高自己的阅读能力，我阅读了大量的英文文章，并在阅读过程中尽量尝试着用英语思考和理解。
我还利用各种阅读理解的练习题来提高自己的答题速度和准确性。
在阅读理解部分，我会仔细分析每篇文章的结构和语言特点，并通过解析题目和选项，找出正确的答案。
另外，在写作方面，我注重了对模板和句式的掌握。
考研英语写作要求考生能够以清晰准确的语言表达自己的观点和观点。
为了提高自己的写作能力，我积极地学习和背诵一些典型的写作模板，并结合实际情况进行练习和应用。
在写作过程中，我还注重了一些常用的句式和表达方式，以使我的文章更具流畅性和表达力。
同时，我也会定期写一些作文，并请老师和同学帮忙修改和指导，以不断提高自己的写作水平。
此外，在听力方面，我注重了对不同听力材料的积累和模拟练习。
考研英语听力要求考生能够听懂和理解各种不同题材和语言风格的录音材料，并能准确地回答问题。
为了提高自己的听力能力，我每天都会听一些英语材料，包括英语电台、英语新闻和英语电影等。
我也会利用一些真题和模拟试题进行练习和训练，以熟悉考试的形式和要求，并提高自己的应试能力。
除了以上几个方面，我还注重了综合能力的提高。
综合能力包括对语法、逻辑和知识体系的掌握，对各个考点和题型的了解等。
研究生多维英语系列熟谙课后习题部分及答案（UNIT1-UNIT6）
研究生多维英语系列熟谙课后习题部分及答案（UNIT1-UNIT6）UNIT 1A1. Governor Rockefeller was shocked by what happened and appointed a committee to assess the responsibility.2. Oliver Barrett IV and Jennifer started talking about marriage, thinking they were made for each other .But as a banker and a squeamish(太讲究规矩)parent, Oliver Barrett III refused to give his blessing to the proposed alliance .3. One outcome of the rapid advance of technology is the breakdown of the traditional division of labor between the sexes.4. Away from their profession, scientists are inherently no more honest or ethical than other people.But in their profession they work in an arena that puts a high premium on honesty.5. Arthur is captured and visited by Montanelli. Arthur reveals his i dentity to Montanelli, who is delighted to find that he is still alive.6. The wording of the agreement is ambiguous .so both interpretations are valid.7. A lot of the summer jobs available here are only tolerable if you’re young and don’t mind working hard.8. She is isolated from the general problems of society and never participates in any of our discussion.9. The government is selling off the railways, in pursuit of its policy of privatization.10. She criticized my writing but in a way that was very constructive ---I learned a lot from her.B1. The race was her last chance to win a place in the national team so everything was at stake.2. They were obliged to sell their house in order to pay their debts.3. The government needs to find out what the climate of opinion is before it introduces any further changes in the health service.4. Not being a specialist in the subject I don’t feel well-equipped to answer such questions.5. I have failed to pass the examinations again and again. Why is success always beyond my grasp .6. They were forced to cut back production for lack of raw materials.7. We missed the last bus so there was no choice other than to walk home.8. A woman who can rise above such disadvantages is clearly exceptional.9. They only care about themselves and the accumulation of their wealth.10. Britain is bounded in the south by the English Channel and Canada bounds the United States on thenorth.C1. I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry—two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent .2. If the hitch-hiker in the US will remember that he is seeking the indulgence of drivers to give him a free ride, and is prepared to give in exchange entertainment and company, and not to goto sleep, he will come across the remarkable, almost legendary, hospitality of the American of the West.3. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and where the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and autumn people traveled from great distances to observe them.4. One question that was solemnly studied in all three probes concerned the action of the referee – Did he act in time to stop the fight?5. The human brain is the most delicate and complex mechanism in all creation and it has a lacework of millions of highly fragile nerve connections.6. Telephone may create unnecessary suspense and anxiety, as when you wait for an expected call the doesn’t come; or irritating delay, as when you keep ringing a number that is always engaged .7. Winners care about the world and its peoples. They are not isolated from the general problems of society. They are concerned. compassionate and committed to improving the quality of life.8. There’s general feeling that the president has been to tolerant of corruption.9. “Did you apply for that job?”—“Well, I was very tempted but in the end I decided not to.”10. The problems of poverty. homelessness and unemployment are all interconnected .EWhen today’s high-school seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduation, most say that they intend to get bachelor’s degree. They have been told that their generationhas only”one way to win”–by getting at least a bachelor’s degree, in the hope that it will eventually lead to a professional job.In a recent survey of high-school seniors conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics, 85per cent of the respondents said they planned to get bachelor’s degree. And, although 20 years ago only 45 per cent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 per cent actually matriculate (注册), with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer to four-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is cause for national celebration. But our research suggests that, instead, it may be cause for national concern. Why? because for many young people, the “one way to win”paradigm(例子)is not attending , given their academic talents and the labor-market projections. Students ranking below the top third of their high-school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor’s degree if they enroll in college. The cost of such failure -- in both dollars and unmet expectations– is rising and beginning to erode public confidence in our system of higher education.UNIT2A1. viability h. workability2. dynamic i. full of vigor3. interim a. transitional4. legacy e. anything received from an ancestor5. retain k. continue to have6. demise n. end7. assume l. undertake8. assure g. make certain9. liquidity d. quality of being changed from assets into cash10. highlight c. draw attention toB1. No matter how good a company is, it is the market’s perception that counts.2. Chief executives are given responsibility and authority and then expected to act independently.3. A number of studies have indicated that effective leadership can make a difference in organizational performance.4. The Internet boom is creating new opportunities for marketing , advertising, and design experts.5. Company leaders can’t expect too severe punishment if their strategies fail to deliver.6. If the company’s financial health is good and its assets sufficient, it can create capital by voting to issue additional shares of common stock.7. It is said that the frequent transitions from cold to warm weather this spring have caused much illness.8. The word dilemma is used to indicate that the fungus is both helpful and harmful in its effects.9. Rivalry in business is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest personregardless of his or her social class background.10. The government provides employment and training services for workers, and compensation for those who are temporarily out of work.11. Bely is a whiz at football; he attracts fans of all ages and all races.12. These original documents are invaluable to the companyand they should be well preserved.C1. a. The board of directors required that Mr. Brown Justify buying expensive equipment at a time when the company was practicing strict economy.b. The outgoing flow of skills is not the only justification for the failure of the factory.c. Can you prove that your radical actions against them were justifiable ?d. The tourists were justifiably angry about the treatment they had received on the journey.e. I do think that the general manager was quite justified in dismissing his secretary.2. a. The army made a strategic withdrawal and then launched a counterattack against its enemy.b. Asking a management theorist to define strategy is rather like asking a philosopher to define truth.c. Strategics/Strategy is a required course in military academy.d. Can you name some of the internationally famous military strategists?e. By order of the corps commander, the staff officers strategized the military manoeuvre.f. It was not until the war broke out that they realized that the islands were strategically important.3. a. Those who have an advanced university degree or equivalent professional qualifications in the fields of finance banking and business administration are given priority.b. By improving the quality of its products and developing new designs, the firm finally overcame its financial troubles.c. The orphanage received an appreciable contribution froma wealthy German financier .d. Western governments need to reconsider their pledge to finance new reactors for the Ukraine in return for the closure of the Chernobyl power plant.e. Financially ,the joint venture was not as successful as people had expected.4. a. Joan feels resentful that almost every colleague remains indifferent to her pleading.b. He obviously resents us and I had presumed it was the English he hated.c. She harbored a deep resentment towards her employer for having denied her a promotion.d. Mr White says resentfully that his wife has spoiled their son by giving him too much money.5. a. Only the conductor can perceive the slightest variation from true pitch in each instrument.b. Many investors had a clear perception of the grave situation in the gulf area and soon decided not to start new projects there.c. The fine shades of color in the painting are hardly perceptible.d. He made a very perceptive comment on campaigns needed to combat juvenile delinquency.e. The commission agent declared that this sample was perceptibly different from the goods supplied.6. a. The wild life in Africa is extremely diverse and therefore two wildlife research institutes have been established there.b. The factory may seek to diversify its products to sell in different markets.c. I think diversity of opinions makes for an interestingdiscussion.d. Earnings were not affected by the decline because of the company’s recent diversification into ot her lines.e. The band is going to give a diversified musical program ranging from classical to modern.7. a. Should war break out, innumerous works of art, historical monuments and priceless historical records would be ruthlessly destroyed.b. The destructive tornado resulted in great loss of life and property.C. The destruction cause by the earthquake left thousands of people homeless.d. A destructionist is one who delights in or advocates devastation.e. The navy, in the sea warfare, only sent two destroyers because there were no larger ships ready.f. Have you learnt how to distinguish destroying angel from mushroom?g. As reported in the magazine, Schwarzernegger, a Hollywood star, has become weak and destructible because of his illness.8. a. No manufacturer does not wish to develop its domestic and foreign markets.b. Contaminated foods are not marketable; they provide more damage than nutrition.c. The car dealer markets his cars at competitive prices.d. Mr. Swafford has been appointed as the marketing director of the firm.e. The company is a big marketer specializing in gasoline.9. a. Sound policies and favorable environments are essentialto the economic prosperity of any county.b. He tells me that his farm is prospering through good management and an absence of calamities.c. Nepal, an agricultural country, has entered into a prosperous period of industrial growth.d. The cherry-trees along the riverbank are growing marketer; they are bound to bear fruit this year.10. a. English is derived in the main from the common Germanic stock.b. Mr. Olin King is really a workaholic; he must derive much pleasure from his work.c. In my opinion, what he set up was nothing but a derivative theory lacking originality.d. Knowledge of investment and financial markets including derivatives would be advantageous, while excellent communication and influencing skills are essential.EA small family-owned company, Eisai, was one of the original manufacturers of vitamin E, and it maintained a strong research commitment to natural pharmaceuticals. Over the years, it developed drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases. The company experienced steady. Modest growth, and in 1992 sales reached 197 billion yen and profits approached 13 billion yen. Although it was the sixth-largest Japanese pharmaceutical company. Eisai was a relatively small player in an industry in which global competition was increasing while growth in the domestic market was slowing down.In 1993, Haruo Naito took over as president from his father. Before that, he had chaired Eisai’s five-year strategic planningcommittee. During that time, he had become convinced that the company’s focus on the discovery and manufacture of pharmaceuticals was not sustainable for long-term growth against large, global competitors. Two years after becoming president, Naito formulated a radical new vision for Eisai that he called Human Health Care. It extended the company’s focus from manufacturing drug treatments for specific illness to improving the overall quality of life. To accomplish that mission. Eisai developed a wide array of new products. And that, In turn, would require broad involvement and commitment. He encouraged innovative activity and created an environment in w hich employees’efforts would be accepted and rewarded. Soon there were proposals for 130 additional HHC projects and by the end of 1996. 73 projects were under way. Now, the company has moved from sixth to fifth place in the Japanese domestic pharmaceutica l industry, and Eisai’s customers and competitors view the company as a leader in health care.UNIT 3A1. pick up d. increase in speed2. toll f. total number of death3. electrify j. make sb very excited and surprised4. sprawl a. spread the limbs about5. legitimate i. acceptable, valid6. transit h. the act of passing across7. implement g. carry out; get done8. accommodate e. adapt9. landscape c. a view of scenery on land10. mobility b. easy movement to a different job1. Unlike Japanese workers, American employees haveexperienced great job mobility.2. The nation’s highway death toll has increased every year since the invention of the automobile.3. We must update our knowledge and accommodate ourselves to the changing world.4. From the church tower. people can enjoy a very beautiful landscape formed by the two hills and the valley.5. He was reading contentedly with his legs sprawled over the arm of the couch.6. You know yourself better than anyone else; do not undertake that project unless you can implement it.7. Sickness is a legitimate reason for a child’s being absent from school.8. It snowed last night and transit across the icy bridge is so dangerous that the bridge has to be closed for the time being.9. Some railroads once run by steam are now electrified to reduce the pollution and accelerate the speed of railroad transportation.10. People who must drive a lot know the big difference gasoline can make in pick up economy and smooth operation.B1. Hotels and restaurants are an Integral part of the city; without them, the city’s tourist industry could not exist.2. Customers will come back, later in life, when they are better off and want to buy more expensive things.3. One of the most impressive projects he has seen in Pudong is the sprawling airport.4. Mexico City is at an elevation of 7,300 feet; three million vehicles clog its streets and in the thin air; engines release twice as many emissions as they would at sea level.5. By 1988 roughly the same large proportion of blacks as of whites lived in metropolitan areas.6. Heavy floods caused by deforestation have recently led Thailand to ban all logging even though the country depends on timber and its products as an important source of employment and foreign exchange.7. People in the middle class or higher, whether they live in developed or less developed countries, are mostly urban, and they are on the move by car incessantly—as commuters, as vacationers.8. No matter how often we reminded our children, they never cleaned their rooms; the clutter in the room became so bad that we couldn’t even open their door.9. Our university canteen is large enough to accommodate all the students and teaching staff.10. During the Second World War. Many Jewish people in Germany were displaced and murdered.C1. The programs to teach young children enabling skills are now being advocated from coast to coast.(全国各地)2. There can be but little doubt that his ancestors where the great unwashed. (下层民众)3. Many people still revere their late premier though he passed away many years ago.4. There are some legitimate reasons for some scientists to denounce the practice of cloning.5. When Lincoln got his Christmas gift, a video game, he tore up the box to get to the cartridge and popped it into the game machine immediately.6. Short of the President himself, probably on one could haveconvinced people of the feasibility of hiswelfare programs.7. Sumo wrestlers are noted for their strength, while fencers, for their nimbleness.8. He bought a bicycle and started to ride to work as he could no longer put up with the constriction of movement in the packed bus.9. The judge pronounced that the accused man was guilty of murder and sentenced him to life imprisonment.10. Until a relatively short time ago, traveling abroad was limited to people who were well off or prosperous business people.EToday it can be said that wheels run America. The four rubber tires of the automobile move America through work and pay. Wheels spin, and people drive off to their jobs. Tires turn, and people shop for the week’s food at the big supermarket down the highway. Hubcaps whirl, and the whole family spends a day at the lake .Each year more wheels crowd the highways a 10million new cars roll out of the factories. One out of every six Americans works at assembling cars. Driving trucks, building roads, or pumping gas, America without cars? It’s unthinkable.But even though the majority of Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would be like without a car, some have begun to realize that the automobile is a mixed blessing. Traffic accidents are increasing steadily, and large cities are plagued by traffic congestion, Worst of all, perhaps, is the air pollution caused by the internal-combustion engine. Every car engine burns hundreds of gallons of fuel each year and pumps hundreds of pounds of carbon monoxide and other gases into the air. Thesegases are one source of the smog that hangs over large cities. Some of these gases are poisonous and dangerous to one’s health, especially for someone with a weak heart or a respiratory disease.One answer to the problem of air pollution is to build a car that does not pollute. That’s what several major automobile manufacturers are crying to do.But building a clean car is easier said than done. So far, progress has been slow. Another solution is to eliminate car fume altogether by getting rid of the internal-combustion engine. Inventors are now working on turbine-powered cars, as well as on cars powered by steam and electricity. But most of u s won’t be driving cars run on batteries or boiling water for a while yet. Many auto makers believe that it will take years to develop practical models that are powered by electricity or steam.UNIT 4A1. a. On a large national scale where the government becomes involved, cooperation is seen as coercive and destructive rather than voluntary and constructive.b. Political opponents were put into camps during the war and coerced into force labor.2. a. The preoccupation of millions of Americans with status is said to have intensified social stratification in the country.b. The president has been preoccupied with the suffering of the victims since the damaging tornado.3. a. Most surveys find that people are reluctant to place themselves at either the top or the bottom of the social ladder.b. Johnson had a reluctance to agree to their conditions, but he didn’t really have much choice.4. a. Tom changed from a friendly boy into a confused an moody adolescent.b. As children enter adolescence, they begin to demand greater freedom to go where they please, do what they please, and make decisions without parental interference.5. a. The law organized protests and, by implication of opposition.b. What the boss has just said contains implicit approval of your work.6. a. Marriage can be threatened by children who arouse ambivalent between the parents in a variety of ways.b. There are many people, myself among the number, who have a somewhat adolesecnce attitude toward producing off spring.7. a. Both the couple should be responsible for emotional maintenance of the marriage and for raising the children and running the household.b. I’m inclined to share your doubt in regard to the maintainability of the relationship between Dr.Helen Kaplan and her husband.8. a. Young people today are more concerned with self-fulfilment and preserving privacy than those were in 1960s.b. Although party officials give the President their public support, many are saying in private that he may have to resign.9. a. Feelings of patriotism are expressed more clearly an d freely now, but there is little enthusiasm fora return to military conscription during peacetime.b. The exhibition will be of interest to vintage car owners and other motoring enthusiasts.10. a. Drug users develop a tolerance for some drugs, that isthey have to take steadily increasing amounts to achieve a given level of effect.b. What these people want is a tolerable existence—more food, better shelter and peace.11. a. According to the statisticians, the estimated number of people afflicted by hunger and malnutrition is about 500 million.b. We spend more on health care than any other nation in the world, yet statistically show that we are not the world’s healthiest nation.12. a. Language makes rational thought possible and enables us to reason, to draw logical conclusions from the evidence of our senses, and to generalize from one event to another.b. It’s unbelievable that Mary, a teenage girl, has learnt to view things with cold rationality.B1. The traditional family with only the husband working can be found most often during the earlier years of marriage when children are being born and cared for.2. The first thing to do in seeking a position is to determine exactly what you want to do, not in terms of a vague objective but with a definite goal.3. Sociologists will manage to find out what lies behind the violence that occurs among affluent families.4. The Rev. Septimus Harding?—Yes, it rings a bell.He’s a character in some novel. I believe, but I can’t remem ber which one.5. Energy shortage, soaring inflation, rampant unemployment and the threat of war have made adult Americans nervous, and that sense of pervasive worry has been passed on to the nation’s youth.6. The idea of trying to cheat the income tax authorities went against his principles; he had a strong sense of civic responsibility.7. Football fans began lining up early in the morning at the box office to buy cup-tie tickets.8. The chairman gave me a hint that he would like me to think of some ready way of stopping T om from chiming on the proposal.9. If anyone can think of better course of action, I am open to suggestions.10 . School children brought up in a Western heritage do not know about Shamba Bolongogo.DChildren are now leaving home in late adolescence –an earlier age than in the past. Adolescents are no longer involved in making an economic contribution to the family. In fact , their major economic impact is as consumers, Therefore, the family has little reason to keep the child home as an economic contribution. It is becoming increasingly common for young people to leave home for college or to live with someone else when they become employed. Not only do families have fewer children but theyhave them in school and out of the home at younger ages than in the past.The most surprising finding with regard to children show a negative impact on marriage due to children. There has been much evidence that children contribute to greater conflict an d uncertainty in a marriage. Studies show that general life satisfaction is highest for People when they are young, married, and childless. Other studies show that American couples with children at home tend to have lower marital satisfaction thanthose without children. For both men and women, reports of happiness and satisfaction Drop--and don’t rise again until the children are grown and about to leave the nest. UNIT 5 A1. You are looking a bit fragile this morning; you must have had too much alcohol last night. A. weak2. As she is allergic to eggs, she cannot eat one without breaking into a rash. B. sensitive3. She still looks weak though her fever subsided after she took some medicine. C. came down4. Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate in 1965. D. worsen5. Economic activity has been organized on the assumption of cheap and abundant oil from the beginning of the 20th century until early the 21st century. B. premise6. Amid the usual sound and fury, the main point may be lost; are the level and structure of pay producing the kind of teachers the country needs? A. In7. The government gave money to people to help buy homes outside of the cities. This system of subsidized housing caused many people to leave urban areas. D. aided8. The farm ministers from European countries scheduled an emergency meeting in Luxeboug in hopes of easing the worldwide ”mad cow” panic. B. fear9. In one secne of Modern Time, Charlie Chaplin was shown trying desperately to keep in time with a rapid assembly line. D. hopelessly10. Owing to an acute lack of lower-income housing, the municipal government is embarrassed by the impressing housingissue. B. grave11. The idea that machines could be made to fly seemed fantastic two hundred years ago. C. eccentric B1. His education in business school has set him up to step into any kind of business and run it.2. She advised John, ”You should not let your child study ina foreign country; she would n’t fit in there.”3. The young lecturer is popular with his students and every student is thankful for his assistance in their studies.4. With the possibility of redundancy in their minds, middle-aged workers have to work harder to hold down their jobs.5. Transnational corporations usually enjoy a wide reputation for fair dealing which they have built up over many years.6. He very much appreciated his chance to study here because of what he had gone through in his childhood.7. Owing to the fact that each family has only one child, the responsibility of looking after the elderly will heavily weigh heavily on the “only child” generation.8. We hoped that trust would be built up among those four parties but it doesn’t seem to be working out that way.9. The ruling party still won the general election although quite a few members had broken away from the Party.10. Failing in the university entrance examination was bad enough, but even worse was the feeling thatI had let my parents down.DIn the world’s rich countries, when you retire at 65 you can expect to live, on average, for another15 or 20 years. A hundred years ago you would, on average, have been already dead. The late 20th century has brought tomany the ultimate gift; the luxury of aging. But like any luxury, aging is expensive .Governments are fretting about the cost already; but they also know that far worse is to come; Over the next 30 or 40 years, the demographic changes of longer lives and fewer births will force most countries to rethink in fundamental ways their arrangements for paying for and looking after older people.In 1990 18%of people in OECD countries were aged over 60. By 2030 that figure will have risen to over 30%. The share of the “Oldest old” (those over 80) . Now around 3%, is set to double. The vast majority of these older people will be consumers, not producers. Thanks to state transfers, being old in developed countries mostly no longer means being poor. The old people will expect decent pensions to live on; they will make heavy demands on medical services; and some will need expensive nursing care. Yet while their numbers are expanding fast, numbers of people at work-who will have to foot the bill-will stay much the same,so each worker will have to carry a much heavier burden.Mass survival to a ripe old age will not be confined to rich countries. Most developing countries, whose populations are now much younger than the developed world’s are starting to age fast.UNIT 6A1. simplicity(朴素) complexity (复杂)2. domestic(驯养的) wild (野生的)3. deficiency(不足的) surplus (过剩的)4. partially(偏袒地) indifferently (漠不关心地)5. heavenly(神圣的) earthly (沉思的)。
研究生英语考试 段落概括范文
研究生英语考试段落概括范文研究生英语考试是一个重要的考试，对于考生来说，掌握一些成功的备考策略是非常关键的。
在考试中，段落概括是一个常见的题型，考察考生对文章主旨的理解和概括能力。
本文将介绍一篇段落概括范文，以帮助考生更好地准备研究生英语考试。
范文：The passage discusses the importance of emotional intelligence (EI) in leadership. It states that while IQ and technical skills are necessary for success, EI plays a crucial role in effective leadership. The author argues that EI helps leaders to connect and engage with their team members, understand their emotions, and make informed decisions. The passage further provides several strategies to develop and enhance EI in leaders.The first paragraph introduces the concept of EI and its significance in leadership. It states that EI is the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions and the emotions of others. The author asserts that leaders who possess high levels of EI are more likely to build strong relationships with their team members.The second paragraph presents the argument that EI enables leaders to connect and engage with their team members. It explains that leaders who are emotionally intelligent are more likely to inspire and motivate their team members. The passage highlights the importance of empathy in leadership, as it allows leaders to understand and resonate with their team members' emotions. The author suggests that leaders should actively listen and seek to understand different perspectives to foster effective communication.The third paragraph discusses the role of EI in decision-making. It states that leaders with high EI are better equipped to make informed decisions because they can assess the impact of their actions on others. The passage emphasizes the importance of self-awareness in leadership, as it helps leaders to recognize their biases and make objective decisions. The author suggests that leaders should reflect on their emotions and seek feedback from others to improve their decision-making skills.The fourth paragraph provides strategies to develop and enhance EI in leaders. It suggests that leaders should focus on self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills. The passage emphasizes the importance of self-reflection and self-evaluation to identify areas for improvement. The author also encourages leaders to seek feedback and support from mentors or coaches to accelerate their development.In conclusion, the passage highlights the significance of emotional intelligence in leadership and provides strategies to develop and enhance EI. It asserts that leaders with high levels of EI are more likely to connect with their team members, understand their emotions, and make informed decisions. The passage serves as a reminder for aspiring leaders to prioritize the development of emotional intelligence in their quest for success.。
考研英语学习总结3篇(考研英语技巧总结)
考研英语学习总结3篇（考研英语技巧总结）考研英语学习总结1英语考试是个水平考试：当英语达到某个水平后基本上考试分数就在此基础左右略微摇摆，不会相差太远。
考研应达到什么水平呢？词汇和语法应与六级差不多，而阅读比六级还高一个层次。
合理支配学习重点考研越来越留意力气的考核，阅读与写作是考研英语的重点，许多同学还有我，时常把过多的`留意力放在语法和词汇方面，虽然这是学习英语的基础，但是英语是个实践性很强的科目，语法，词汇即使背得烂熟，阅读与写作也不愿定会怎样。
但反过来，阅读和写作力气的提高却预示着你语法和词汇部分的把握程度的提高，由于在你阅读文章与写作练习过程中，会检测到你的词汇或语法的不足，使你不断地调整，在不自觉的过程中促使你提高自身的语法与词汇水平。
词汇是基础，阅读是核心考研五篇阅读文章共有2500词左右，一个钟头之内不光得作完，还必需保持较高的命中率，这在现在文章越来越生涩的状况下真的很困难。
阅读有40分，英译中（实际也是考阅读）15分，因此阅读的重要性可想而知。
这里的55分若能拿到40分，及格就是很简洁的事情了。
可要做到这一点真不简洁，下面我就说说具体复习方法。
词汇的基础地位已不需我再罗嗦了，我只是觉得：若大纲中的5300词还没达到烂熟的话，英语的复习确定是苦痛且漫长的。
这种烂熟的程度应做到看到这5300个词时就象看高中单词一样生疏。
词汇书也不用别的，就用教委的大纲好了，单词无疑越多越好，可咱只是考研的，这5300差不多也够了。
考试时确定还会遇到生词，但不会是主打词，能猜就猜罢。
重视背单词背单词，当然枯燥，但是，它却是学好英语的重中之重，就如同建房必有砖一样。
不少同学不看重单词，一味的练习读写力气，遇到生单词就去查字典或手册，最终因此铺张了许多时间，落得事倍功半，进步缓慢。
我们都有体会，单词背会了，英语学起来轻轻松松。
就是这个道理，生疏了单词才会有提高理解原文含意的机会或可能，才会有写作力气的真正提高。
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙作文
研究生英语系列教程多维教程熟谙作文研究生英语系列教程多位教程熟谙作文Unit 1 My View on Some Problems in China's Higher EducationWith the development of our society, higher education has achieved many significant results. But t here are some problems in China’s higher education. Some of them need to be solved urgently. Traditional education methods make students think the most important task is learning knowledge in books. So many college students work hard and manage to get high points. They do not care ab out whether they grasp it or not. It doesn’t mean their abilities to think out creative ideas and to do practice has be improved. In fact students’ abilities to deal with problems are weak.Higher education ignores how important it is to help these young students get harmonious personn el relationship in society. Many students have high IQ but low EQ. It’s hard for these boys and girl s to tolerate others’ opinions and behaviors.Many universities have not give students plenty of opportunities to do practice. Graduates find so metimes it is hard to use the knowledge into their jobs.How to solve these problems? It needs the whole society to make great efforts. Society should cha nge their concept about higher education. People should know the destination of higher education is to make students understand how to learn, how to live and how to solve actual problems.Universities should give opportunities to students of do practice and finally solve them by the mselves. Professors should conduct them but not to take the place of students.Finally there should be friendly atmosphere on campus. Boys and girls communicate smoothl y and help each other. To keep good personnel relationship is very necessary in society. So now th ey should learn how to do during college life.Unit 3 Bicycles in ChinaBicycles are very popular in China. In our country you can see bicycles almost everywhere. When you walk on the road, you will find a lot of people riding bicycles to school, shops and anywhere else. Therefore, China is known as "the kingdom of bicycles". In China, many families have one or two bicycles.Compared with cars, bicycles have many advantages. First, they are much cheaper than cars.Most Chinese can't afford cars, but they can afford bicycles. Second, bicycles are small enough to parkanywhere, while cars need a larger piece of land to park. Third , take bicycles everyday can keep our healty ,reduse envirenment polution,What's more, with lower speed, bicycles are safer than cars.However, bicycles also bring some problems. Some riders don't obey the traffic rules and some riders don't think about others' safety. So they ride too fast. During rush hours, too many bicycles may cause traffic jams. We still have a long way to go to solve the problem.Unit 4 What’s a Healthy Family?With the development of our society, more and more family develop to a new pattern. Under s uch background, what’s a healthy family? That is a new question we should to solve. Yes. The fam ily now is different from the past. New challenges challenge this family pattern. In my opinion, a h ealthy family should be provided with the following several conditions.Firstly, a healthy family should be a system of sharingresponsibility. A family is like a small collective. Everyone in the family undertake the obligation of maintenance the family. Every famil y member supports each other, just like every member in the collective.Secondly, every member should respect for each other’s privacy. That is not mean we don’t communicate with each other. What we mean is that moderate space is necessary for everyone. A lthough family relationship is close, but no secret will make people feel uncomfortable.Thirdly, the ability to bring quarrels to a quick and satisfying conclusion is very important. M any people believe that the closest people to the more likely to fight. Then how to solve these quar rels seems to become a headache problem. In fact, understanding each other is the most valuable wealth we should haveespecially in family members. No matter what quarrels you have, a good de aling way is necessary for you. Overall, a healthy family requires many conditions. Besides what wehave refered, clear parental guidelines on right and wrong, easy interaction among all family m embers is necessary.In a word, a healthy family need all of the family members try hard.Unit 5 Being the Only ChildWith the Chinese policy of Birth Control,it cannot be denied that nowadays the fact that most of C hinese children are the only child in their families takes shape.And the issue of the only child has been brought public focus.Being the only child,we can get the full love from our parents they consider us their most pr ecious treasure.So they devote their every energy to our growth.We do not have to do too muchh ousework or something like that from an early age.All we are expected to do is to keep our health, study and live a happy life.And whenever we get into trouble our parents will spare no effort to he lp us get rid of it.However,no garden without weeds.Being the only child probably spoils us a lot, which makes us self-willed,irritable and selfish.We often ignore others’ feelings and it cause con flict easier with our friends,even hurt each other.On the other hand,as the only child,we are lonely during the whole growth process with nobody of the same age giving a shoulder to lean when we a re depressed.What a shame it is!Anyhow,the only child as we are,we still need to be strong enough to confront life by our own.Unit6 My View on the Relation between Humans and Nature The relation between humans and nature is an important issue to the evolution of culture and civili zation. How to deal with the relation between ourselves and nature is quite significant to our daily life and the future of humans. The comments on this topic are various from different aspects.For a long time, there has been a general belief that human being is the master of nature, thus man can triumph over nature. Our ancestors managed to make a living on the earth regardless of countl ess disasters caused by the harsh nature. In this perspective, humans are the great master of nature. On the contrary, we have to adapt to the environment around us. A great deal of evidence show th at, more than once, no matter how advanced our modern technology is, nature is far beyond our co ntrol. When we meet disaster, such as earthquake, drought or tsunami, we can do nothing but to ta ke measures to reduce the loss, because the destructive power of nature is not under control.As far as I am concerned, however, the two kinds of views are not contradictory at all. We human beings are only part of the nature. In my view, we ought to hold the viewpoint that the relationship between humans and nature should be tender and interpersonal. In any case, only if we follow the law of nature can we benefit form nature; otherwise, we will be punished by it seriously. All in all, we should try our endeavor to construct the harmonious society and to protect the ecological bala nce.。
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Un itl 从能力到责任When today ' s highhool seniors are asked what they plan to do after graduates , most say thatthey intend to get a bachelor ' s degree. They have been told that their generation has only way to wingetting at least at least a bachelor ' s degree, in the hoeeehtutatlwil l eadto a professi onal job.In a recen t survey of high-school seniors con ducted by the Nati on Cen ter for Educati on Statistics,85 percent of the respondents said they planned to get a bachelor 'degree. And, although 20 years agoonly 45 percent of high-school graduates went on to college, today 68 percent actually matriculate （注册）,with the majority enrolling in four-year or two-year programs designed to allow them transfer tofour-year institutions.According to conventional wisdom, the rapid rise in the number of students attending college is causefor national celebration. But our research suggests that, intend it may be cause for national concern.Why? Because for many young peo ple, the “ one way to win ”例子id）gm （ not realistic , give ntheir academic tale nts and the labor-market project ions. Stude nts ranking below the top third of theirs degre high- school graduating class too often fail to earn as bachelor if they enroll in college. The cost of suchfailure -n both dollars and unmet expectations -is rising and begi nning to erode public con fide nee inour system of high education .A 1. （Arnod Toynbee has said that all progress …）德.汤说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自挑战及由此引起的反应。
没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。
所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力允许的范围内为他们开设最严格最富有挑战性的课程。
2. （The seco nd opportu nity we can give ourboys …）我们可以向我们的孩子提供第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。
德.纽伊写道：“不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。
”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？美国可以向所有在高中读者完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何明显收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。
我们现在生活在一个外变得很狭隘的世界里，们必须同对现实保持警觉，有所认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。
这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。
如果我们剥夺了孩子的失败权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。
B 1.（如今的大学生，尽管他们努力的想使自己成才，但对未来还是很模糊的）Today'suni versity stude nts are struggli ng to establish themselves, but they still have ambiguous feeli ngsabout their future.2. （一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心，就不能实现它的自我价值。
所以，理想的本科教育必须使学生超越自我）A man cannot find himself without finding a center beyond hi. So theidealism of the un dergraduate experie nee must help the stude nt transcend himself.3. （我们强烈的希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作与学习中能起到重要的作用）Weeagerly hope that the lessons leaned in the university will reveal themselves inour performa nee in the workplace and further educati on.4. （四年的本科学习是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的）It cann ot goun challe nged to say that the 4-year un dergraduate experie nee is the only path to success in life.5. （在对一个关键的问题做结论时，如果只相信所谓的专家而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果，不根据实验的数据，那是在冒险）We run the risk of making critical decisions,not on the basis of what we know, the findings of investigations, and the data ofexperime nts, but on the basis of bli nd faith in professed experts.6. （我们的事业需要一批受过良好教育又能关心他人的年轻人，他们能团结一致，相互学习，积极参加四化建设）Our task n eeds a large group of well-i nformed, cari ng young people who can band together, learn from each other, and actively participate in the four moder ni zati ons.7. （如果这所新学校要有生命力的话，它培养的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神）If it is to endure, the new school should help the students notonly acquire a sold basic educati on and become compete nt in a specific field, but also be ready to commit themselves to others.8. （如果大学生对考试过于投入，就有可能把能力与奉献放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分）It is not too muchto say that if undergraduates excessively devote themselves to exam in ati ons, the will push compete nee and commitme nt to the frin ges.9. （我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建问题）I did n'teven speak to him; much less discuss the recon struct ion of your school with him.10. （有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。
所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题---考试对教育有什么影响？）Some people think examinations are secondto non e,but someth ink exam in ati ons have a lot of disadva ntages. Exam in ati ons leave us an ope n esse ntial questi on --- what in flue nee do exam in ati ons exert on educati on?Unit 2家庭企业：下一代的前景E. A small family-ow ned compa ny, Eisai, was one of the orig inal manu facturers of vitamin E,and it main tai ned a strong research commitme nt to n atural pharmaceuticals. Over the years, it developed drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases. The company experienced steady. Modest growth, and in 1992 sales reached 197 billion yen and profits approached 13 billion yen. Although it was the sixth-largest Japanese pharmaceutical company, Eisai was a relatively small player in an industry in which global competition was increasing while growth in the domestic market was slowing down.In 1993, Haruo Naito took over as preside nt from his father. Before that, he had chaired Eisai' five-year strategic planning committee. During that time, he had become convinced that the compa ny's focus on the discovery and manu facture of pharmaceuticals was not susta in able for Ion g-term growth aga inst large, global competitors. Two years after beco ming preside nt, Naito formulated a radical new vision for Eisai that he called Human Health Care. It extended the company's focus from manufacturing drug treatments for specific illness to improving the overall quality of life. To accomplish that mission, Eisai developed a wide array of new products. And that, in turn, would require broad involvement and commitment. He encouraged innovative activity and created an environment in which employees' efforts would be accepted and rewarded . Soon there were proposals for 130 additional HHC projects and by the end of 1996, in the Japanese domestic pharmaceutical industry, and Eisai ' customers and competitors view the compa ny as a leader in health care.A1. （Ow ners/fo un ders are extremely drive n and dyn amic. Ofte n they …）业主/ 企业创建者不仅进取心强，而且精力充沛。