倒装句语法及练习.

倒装句用法小结:

一般来说，倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装，有的倒装是因为语法需要而出现的，有的则是因为结构平衡或

强调而出现的。

一、部分倒装：

1.用于疑问句中。如：

How did you do that? Did you see the film yesterday?

2.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略，应把were，had，should提到主语前面。如：

If you had come yesterday, you would have seen him.

=Had you come yesterday, you would...

If I were to / should take piano lessons, I would have less time to play.

=Should / Were I to take …

3.用于as引导的让步状语从句中。As引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式：

副词置于句首。如：

Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.

动词置于句首。如：

Wait as you may (= Although you may wait), he will not see you.

形容词或名词置于句首。如：

Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.

Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.

注意：如果名词前有形容词修饰时，as引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如：

A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.

4.具有否定意义的副词或连词（not, hardly, no sooner, not until, seldom, not once, at no time,

never, little等）置于句首时，句子（主句）用部分倒装。

Little do we know about him.

Seldom does he come back on Sundays.

Not until he came back did I know about it.

Never will I forget about this experience.

Hardly had we entered the classroom when the bell rang.

No sooner did he come back than he telephoned Tom.

5.only修饰状语（从句）位于句首时，句子的主句部分要用部分倒装。如：

Only then did I realize the important of English.

Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents’ intentions.

Only in this way can you solve the problem.

Only if you ask different questions, can you acquire the information you need.

但如果only修饰的是句子的其它成分，则无需倒装。如：

Only socialism can save China. (only修饰的是句子的主语，故仍用正常语序)

连接两个并列分句时，第一个分句应使用部分倒装。如：

6.not only…but also…

Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.

7.So/such…that结构中的倒装:强调so 所修饰的形容词或副词，常将so连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时，主句要用倒装结构。如：

He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.

= So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.

He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems by himself.

=So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems by himself.

二、全部倒装：

1.以here, there，now, then开头的句子，谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前，这种句子中的谓语动词通

常是不及物动词。如：

Here comes the train! / There goes the bell!

注意：如果句子的主语是人称代词，则不用倒装结构。如：

Here it comes! / There it does!

2.有些动词短语以副词out, in, up, down, away等结尾，构成不及物动词短语。这时，为了使句子更形

象，常将这些副词提前到句首。这时，句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面，构成全部倒装。

Away went the boy. / In came Mary.

（注意，如果是人称代词，也不用倒装结构。）如：

In she came. / Away he went.

3.为了强调表示地点的介词短语，常将这个介词短语放在句首，构成全部倒装。注意，这时句子的谓语动

词通常是不及物动词。如：stand , lie, sit...

In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.

Behind the desk stands the professor, who has developed a new medicine.

Between the two hills lies a lake.

4.表语置于句首，且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如：

Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.

5.so/ neither/ nor 表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者，其倒装结构为“so/ neither/ nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词”，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：

She has finished her homework, so has her brother.

She hasn’t gone there, neither/ nor has he.

但如果so表示强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”，这里的主语与前一个句子主语指的是同一人或物。如：

She knows little English, so she does. （她英语懂得不多，的确如此。）

注意: 区分So do I . (我也是) So I do. (的确是) I do so. (这样做)

6. there be 句式的各种形式：

there be (will be;used to be) There (exist; live ; seem)

There exists a serious problem. There exist/existed serious problems.

Once upon a time, there lived an old man.

There seems something wrong with my radio.

There is a teacher and some students in the classroom .