英语词汇提高Chapter9
扩展英语词汇unit 9-3
disappoint [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt] vt.&vi. 使失望； 使破灭，使落空
disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj.失望的；沮丧的, 失意的
His decision to cancel the concert is bound to disappoint his fans.
You would be sorry to miss that professor’s pungent speech .
appoint[[əˈpɔɪnt] vt.任命，委派； 约定，指定
David Beckham was appointed as captain of the English national team in 2000.
puncture
punctuate
appoint
acupuncture
disappoint
punctual
pungent
compunction
praise appreciate
appraise
depreciate
precious
A cheerful heart is good medicine.
compunction [kəmˈpʌŋkʃn] n.内疚，后悔，懊悔
She kept us waiting without the slightest compunction.
preci/prais
price/ value 价值/表扬
praise appreciate
appraise
depreciate
David has a strong sense of punctuality. He comes to class punctually. He said being punctual is a virtue which is often overlooked.
自考英语语言学Chapter 9 Psycholinguistics
Chapter 9 Psycholinguistics心理语言学一、本章纲要二、本章重点(2005，单选；2007，名词解释) Psycholinguistics is the study of language in relation to the mind. As the term suggests, it is viewed as the intersection of psychology and linguistics, drawing equally upon the language we acquire, produce and comprehend, and the mind or brain in which our linguistic and cognitive faculties are localized and organized, and interact with each other in particular ways. Our linguistic capability depends largely on the structure and dynamics of the human brain. 心理语言学主要从心理的角度对语言进行研究，目的在于揭示人类是如何掌握语言，说出语言和理解语的，语言与思维的关系等一系列问题。
1.The biological foundations of language语言的生理基础（2005，判断）Our linguistic ability is a biological gift of the species’ gene program. 人类不需要课堂教学就可以自然习得自己的母语。
人类有语言能力的主要原因不可能是人有声带，因为其它动物也有声带。
人类的语言能力主要依赖人脑结构和人脑的机制。
人类大脑的左半球的某些区域比右大脑相应的区域要大，这是人类大脑所特有的特征。
新编简明英语语言学 Chapter 9 Language and culture
1. *Definition: culture; cultural diffusion2. The relationship between language and culture3. # Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis4. *Linguistic evidence of cultural differences5. Cultural overlap and diffusionDefinition: culture; cultural diffusionCultural overlap and diffusion; Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis; Linguisticevidence of cultural differencesThe relationship between language and culture一、定义including the patterns of belief, customs, objects, institutions,techniques, and language that characterizes the life of the human community. 由信仰，风俗，目标，机构，技术和语言构成，具有人类社区生活的特征。
through communication, some elements ofcultureA enter cultureB andbecomepartof cultureB. 通过交际， A 文化中的某些成分进入了 B 文化，并成为了 B 文化的一部分。
二、知识点techniques, and language that characterizes the life of the human community. 由信仰，风俗，目标，机构，技术和语言构成，具有人类社区生活的特征。
Twotypes of culture:1. material culture 物质文化： is concrete, substantial and observable. 具体的，实质的，可观察到的( e.g.意识文化、信念、价值观，时空概念)2. spiritual culture 精神文化： is abstract, implicit, and hidden. 抽象的，多义的，不可见的。
高考英语3500词汇练习Vocabulary Test Unit 9
Vocabulary Test Unit 91 用某物装饰某物[短]2 减少，减小[动]3 鹿[单同复]4 行为，事迹[名]5 击败，战胜[动]6 防御，辩护[名]7 防御[短]8 在某种程度上[短]9 延迟，耽搁[动]10删除[动]11 故意地[副]12 美味的，可口的[形]13 递送，发表[动]14 高兴的，快乐的[形]15 牙医16 依靠，取决于[短]17 要求[动/名]18 部，科，系[名]19 离开，启程[名]20 描写[名]21 深度，深[名]22 抛弃，沙漠23 应得，值得[动]24 设计，策划[动]25 渴望[动/名]26 侦探27 绝望的，不顾一切的[形]28 精致的，优美的[形]29 目的地，终点30 下决心做某事[短]31 毁坏，破坏[动]32 发展，冲洗照片[动]33 将…投入到…[短]34 日记35 对话36 字典，词典37 拨号，打电话38 灭绝，消失[短]39 极想/渴望做某事[短] 40 节食[短]41和…不同[短]42 在…不同[短]43 没有影响/差别[短]44 做某事有困难[短]45 掘出，找出[短]46 正餐，晚宴47 尊严[名]48 消化，领会[动]49 窘境，困境[名]50 数码的，数字的51 毕业文凭，学位证书52 方向，指示[名]53 脏的[形]54 残疾的，丧失能力的[形]55 不利条件，弱点[名]56 意见不同，不一致[名]57 消失[动]58 失望的，沮丧的[形]59 灾难[名]60 折扣61 使泄气[动]62 发现[名]63 歧视[名]64 讨论，议论[名]65 疾病66 盘碟一道菜67 不喜欢，讨厌68 在远处[短]69 解散，解雇[动]70 区别，辨认出[动]71 分发，分配[动]72 扰乱，打扰[动]73 地区，区域74 跳水[动]75 多种多样的[形]76 被划分成…[短]77 离婚78 处理，处置[短]79 头晕目眩的[形]80 文件，文献。
高级英语unit9词汇,翻译,课后习题
Unit 9 Mirror of America词汇(Vocabulary)idyllic ( adj. ) :pastoral or picturesque；pleasing and simple 田园诗的；田园风光的；生动逼真的；质朴宜人的cynical ( adj.) :believing that people are notivated in all their actions only by selfishness；denying the sincerity of people's motives and actions，or the value of living玩世不恭的；愤世嫉俗的obsess (v．) :haunt or trouble in mind，esp. to an abnormal degree；preoccupy greatly使分心；使心神困扰(尤指精神反常、着迷)frailty ( n.) :the quality or condition of being frail；weakness(esp. moral weakness)脆弱性；虚弱性(尤指意志薄弱)tramp ( n.) :the act of tramping；a journey on foot；hike步行；徒步旅行prospector ( n.) :a person who prospects for valuable ores，oil，etc．(矿藏等的)勘探者；探矿者starry—eyed ( adj.) :with the eyes sparkling in a glow of wonder，romance，visionary dreams，etc．过于理想的；不切实际的；盲目乐观的acid—tongued ( adj.) :sharp，sarcastic in speech说话尖刻的cynic ( n.) :a cynical person玩世不恭的人；好挖苦人的人；愤世嫉俗的人navigable ( n.) :wide and deep enough，or free enough from obstructions，to be traveled on by vessels可行船的；可通航的；可航行的attest ( n.) :serve as proof of；demonstrate；make clear作为……的证据，为……作证；论证；表明artery ( n.) :a main road or channel干线，干道，大路；干渠keelboat ( n.) :a large，shallow freight boat with a keel，formerly used on the Mississippi，Missouri，etc．(旧时密西西比河、密苏西河等用的)龙骨船flatboat ( n.) :a boat with a flat bottom，for carrying freight in shallow waters or on rivers平底船molasses ( n.) :a thick，usually dark brown syrup produced during／he refining of sugar，or from sorghum，etc．糖蜜，糖浆cub ( n.) :an inexperienced，awkward youth阅历浅的年轻人cosmos ( n.) :the universe considered as a harmonious and orderly system宇宙feud ( n.) :a bitter，long—continued，and deadly quarrel，esp. between clans of families(尤指部落或家族间的)世仇，累世宿仇，夙怨，长期不和lynch (v．) :[Am．]murder(an accused person)by mob action and without lawful trial，as by hanging[美]私刑处死phonographic ( adj.) :[Am．]of a phonograph or the sounds made by sb. [美]留声机的，唱机的teem ( v．) :be full，as though ready to bring forth young；abound；swarm充满；富于；大量地出现；涌现flotsam ( n.) :transient，unemployed people；vagrants流离失所者，流浪者，游民；失业者；被毁掉的人hustler ( n.) :[Am．slang]a prostitute[美俚]妓女thug ( n.) :a rough，brutal hoodlum，gangster，robber，etc．恶棍；暴徒；强盗motley ( adj. ) :having or composed of many different or clashing elements；heterogeneous混乱的；杂乱的succumb ( v．) :①give way(to)；yield；submit ②die ①屈服，屈从(常与to连用)②死epidemic ( n.) :the rapid，widespread occurrence of a fad，fashion，etc．(风尚、风气、爱好等的)一时流行，风行flirt ( v．) :trifle or toy(with)玩弄，戏耍；做着玩；不认真地对待，不认真地考虑(常与with连用)colossal ( adj.) :1ike a colossus in size；huge；gigantic；enormous巨大的，庞大的rebuff ( v．) :check or repulse挫败；阻止broke (adj.) :[colloq．]having little or no money；bankrupt[口]无钱的，身无分文的；破了产的hone (v．) :sharpen with or as with a hone把……放在磨石上磨scathing ( adj. ) : searing；withering；injurious；harsh or caustic严厉的，尖刻的sluggish ( adj. ) :slow or slow—moving；not active；dull(行动)缓慢的；迟钝的sloth ( n.) :a lazy person懒汉astound ( v．) :bewilder with sudden surprise；astonish greatly；amaze使震惊，使惊愕，使大吃一惊tedious ( adj.) :long or verbose and vearisome；triesome；boring冗长乏味的；使人厌倦的；沉闷的travelogue ( n.) :a lecture on travels, usually accompanied by the showing of pictures旅行见闻讲座Sultan ( n.) :a Moslem ruler苏丹(一些伊斯兰教国家统治者的称号)debunk ( v．) :[Am．colloq．]expose the false or exaggerated claims，pretensions，glamour，etc．[美口]揭露，揭发，揭穿revere ( v．) :regard with deep respect，love，and awe；venerate尊敬，崇敬；敬畏ingenuity ( n.) :the quality of being ingenious；cleverness，originality，skill，etc．机灵，机智，足智多谋；独创性，创造力；熟练，巧妙juvenile ( adj.) :young and youthful年轻的；青年的pariah ( n.) :any person despised or rejected by others；outcast为社会所遗弃者；流浪者puritanical ( adj.) :extremely or excessively strict in matters of morals and religion宗教(或道德)上极端拘谨的panorama ( n.) :an unlimited view in all directions全景；全图deplore ( v．) :be regretful or sorry about懊悔，悔恨，对……深感遗憾sap ( v．) :undermine in any way；weaken；exhaust削弱；耗竭clamor ( n.) :a loud outcry；uproar大声呼喊，喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹robust ( adj. ) :strong and healthy；full of vigor；hardy健壮的；精力充沛的haunt ( v．) :appear or recur repeatedly to，often to the point of obsession(思想、回忆等)萦绕；(疾病等)缠住pneumonia ( n.) :inflammation or infection of the alveoli of the lungs of varying degrees of severity and caused by any of a number of agents，such as bacteria or viruses肺炎．meningitis ( n.) :inflammation of the meninges．esp. as the result of infection by bacteria or viruses脑脊膜炎epileptic ( n.) :a person who has epilepsy癫痫患者pad ( v．) :stuff，cover，or line with a pad or padding填塞；衬填crater ( n.) :a bowl—shaped cavity，as at the mouth of a volcano or on the surface of the moon碗形洞(如火山口、环形山、月亮表面的坑状地方)crumble ( v．) :fall to pieces；disintegrate；decay破碎，破裂；使溃散，使瓦解，消灭lament ( v.) :feel or express deep sorrow for；mourn or grieve for为……而悲痛；哀悼；为……而伤心短语(Expressions)every bit: (infml)equalIy；entirely完全，同样地例：He is every bit as mean as she is．他与她同样平庸。
Chapter9_Leaving_the_old_wom_an_第九回_离开老妇人
疯狂英语(新悦读)在牧羊少年早期的成长过程中,老妇人可能充当了什么样的角色呢?本回小说中,有没有一句话打动了你呢?The boy w as s ur pr i s ed,and t hen i r r i t at ed (恼怒).H e di dn ’t need t o s eek out t he ol dwom an f or t hi s !B ut t hen he r em em ber ed t hat he w as n ’tgoi ng t o have t o pay anyt hi ng.“I di dn ’t need t o was t e m y t i m e j us t f or t hi s ,”he sai d.“I t ol d you t hat your dr eam w as a di f f i cul t one.I t ’s t he s i m pl e t hi ngs i n l i f e t hat ar e t he m os t ext r aor di nar y;onl y wi s e m en ar e abl e t ounder s t and t hem.A nd s i nce I am not wi se,I have had t o l ear n ot her ar t s,s uch as t he r eadi ngof pal m s .”“W el l ,how am I goi ng t o gett o E gypt ?”“I onl y i nt er pr et dr eam s .I don ’t know how t o t ur n t hem i nt o r eal i t y.That ’s why I have t o l i ve of fw hatm y daught er s pr ovi de m e w i t h.”“A nd what i fI never gett o E gypt ?”“Then I don ’t get pai d.I t woul dn ’t be t hef i r s t t i m e.”A nd t he wom an t ol d t he boy t o l eave,s ay ⁃i ng s he had al r eady w as t ed t oo m uch t i m e on hi m.C hapter 9L eavi ng the ol d w om an第九回离开老妇人Paul o C oel ho43“I t’s a dr eam i n t he l anguage of t he w or l d,”s he s ai d.“I can i nt er pr et i t,but t he i nt er pr e⁃t at i on i s ver y di f f i cul t.That’s why I f eel t hat I des er ve a par t of what you f i nd.A nd t hi s i s m y i nt er pr et at i on:you m us t go t o t he pyr am i ds i n Egypt.I have never hear d of t hem,but,i f i t was a chi l d who s how ed t hem t o you,t hey exi s t. Ther e you wi l lf i nd a t r eas ur e t hatwi l lm ake you a r i ch m an.”R eadi ngCheckW hat was t he boy’s dr eam?W hat di d t he ol d wom an as k f or i ft he boy r eal i z ed hi s dr eam?So t he boy was di s appoi nt ed;he deci ded t hat he woul d never agai n bel i eve i n dr eam s.H e r em em ber ed t hat he had a num ber of t hi ngs he had t o t ake car e of:he w ent t o t he m ar ket f or s om et hi ng t o eat,he t r aded hi s book f or one t hat was t hi cker,and he f ound a bench i n t he pl az a (露天广场)w her e he coul d sam pl e t he newwi ne he had bought.The day was hot,and t he wi ne w as r ef r es hi ng.The s heep w er e at t he gat es of t he ci t y,i n a s t abl e(马厩)t hat bel onged t o a f r i end.The boy knew a l ot of peopl e i n t he ci t y. That was whatm ade t r avel i ng appeal t o hi m—he al ways m ade new f r i ends,and he di dn’t need t o s pend al l of hi s t i m e w i t h t hem.W hen som eone s ees t he s am e per s on ever y day,as had hap⁃pened t o hi m at t he s em i nar y(神学院),t hey wi nd up becom i ng a par t of t hat per s on’s l i f e.A nd t hen t hey want t he per son t o change.I f s om eone i sn’t what ot her s want t hem t o be,t he ot her s becom e angr y.Ever yone seem s t o have a cl ear i dea of how ot her peopl e s houl d l ead t hei r l i ves,butnone abouthi s or her ow n.H e deci ded t o wai t unt i l t he sun s unk a bi t l ower i n t he s ky bef or e f ol l owi ng hi s f l ock back t hr ough t he f i el ds.Thr ee days f r om now,he w oul d be wi t h t he m er chant’s daught er.H e st ar t ed t o r ead t he book he had bought. O n t he ver y f i r s t page,i t descr i bed a bur i al cer⁃em ony.A nd t he nam es of t he peopl e i nvol ved w er e ver y di f f i cul tt o pr onounce.I fhe ever wr ot e a book,he t hought,he woul d pr es ent one per s on at a t i m e,s o t hat t he r eader woul dn’t have t o w or r y aboutm em or i z i ng a l otofnam es .R eadi ngCheckH ow do you under s t and t he under l i ned sent ence i n t hi s chapt er accor di ng t o your l i f e st ory? (上接第42页)44C r azy E ngl i sh2021.3。
英语提高 (Unit 9重要知识点总结)
课堂目标：复习unit8 词组及其相关的介词。
总结和归纳unit9 重要单词用法并进行被动语态综合学习。
总结unit5-9 常见词组和单词，进行题型练习。
Unit 9重要知识点总结：1.be used2.helpful: success, use, beauty, forget, thank, grate, wonder, pain…salty: rose, sleep, hair, mood, crisp…3.potato chips 复合名词变为复数。
4.until5.way6.believe7.fall intodivide into初中英语被动语态专项练习( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used( ) 6 Our room must ___ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep( ) 7 -I'd like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. ___.A. it soldB. it's sellingC. It's been soldD. it had been sold()8 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building( ) 9 The key ___ on the table when I leave.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left( ) 10 Doctors ___ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( )11 His new book___ next month.A.will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published ( ) 12 Japanese ___ in every country.A. is not spokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking() 13 These papers___yet.A.have not writtenB. have not been writtenC. has not writtenD. has not been written( ) 14 The sports meet ___ be held until next week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended?B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost?D. Can't they mended?() 16 ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. DoesB. HasC. IsD. Are() 17___ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do() 18 Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting holdB. wasn't a meeting heldC. wasn't held a meetingD. a meeting wasn't held() 19 Who was the book___?A. writeB. wroteC. writtenD. written by() 20 Where ___ these boxes?A. wasB. wereC. isD. amUnit 5-8一. 重点短语1. give up2. try out3. most of4. not…any more5. at the age of6. at that time7. send message by telegraph8. graduate from9. turn down 10. put up 11. at the top of 12. get together 13. from house to house 14. at the end of 16. as well 17. climb down 18. on a single night19. even though 20. live on 21. once upon a time 22. according to23. keep warm 24. on the other hand 25. on show 26. on display27. in the future 28. look up 29. Tree Planting Day 30. just right31. as often as possible 32. wash away 33. in this way 34. in a few years' time35. point to 36. thanks to 37. more or less 38. so far39. shut down 40. send up 41. put off【满分演练】一. 选择填空。
Unit 9 Improvement in Appliances
para 3
Likewise, we don't need a refrigerator that knows when it's out of milk. We already have an effective system for determining that: we ask our husbands or wives. A real improvement would be a fridge that refuses to let us open its doors when it senses that we are about to eat our fourth piece of pie in two hours.
bowl n. [C] a deep round container open at the top for holding liquids, flowers, fruit, etc. 碗；钵 [例] He put some fruit in the fruit bowl before the guests came. 他在客人到来之前在水果盘里放了些水果。
disturb vt. 1. make (somebody) anxiously dissatisfied; worry 使焦虑； 使烦恼 [例] We were rather disturbed by the way the government tried to cover up the truth. 我们对政府试图掩盖事实 的做法感到不安。
大学英语精读第二册 Unit9 What is Intelligence Anyway 单词
Reading comprehension
• CBBAA • BABC
True or False
• 1. The author took a sort of intelligence test soon after he entered military service.
Different Quotient
（1）智商IQ（Intelligence Quotient） （2）情商EQ（Emotional Intelligence Quotient） （3）逆商AQ（Adversity Intelligence Quotient ） （4）德商MQ（Moral Intelligence Quotient ） （5）胆商DQ（Daring Intelligence Quotient ） （6）财商FQ（Financial Intelligence Quotient ） （7）心商MQ（Mental Intelligence Quotient ） （8）志商WQ（Will Intelligence Quotient ） （9）灵商SQ（Spiritual Intelligence Quotient ） （10）健商HQ（Health Intelligence Quotient ）
• 指个人所具有的健康意识、健康知识 和健康能力的反映.
Aptitude Test
An aptitude test is any of a variety of tests which are used to predict how successfully an individual will be in future study or work.
一家化工厂进行了一项关于化工污水对环境影响的调查，
北师大高中英语Unit 9 Vocabulary词汇表讲解
• foolish adj.愚蠢的
• fool n.傻瓜 v.欺骗
• responsibility n.责任
• responsible adj.负责的(for…)
• rely/depend on/upon 依赖
• hostess n. 女主人 host n.主人;主持人 v.主办
• case n. 箱子;事例;情形;案情
懂 • argue with sb about/over sth与某人争吵… • argument n.争辩;论点;理由
Lesson
• baggage = luggag2e [U] 行李 a piece of ~
• sensitive adj.体贴的，敏感的，过敏的(to…)
• grey = gray adj./n. 灰白色(的)
实的 • benefit v.使获益(+sb) n.益处 • beneficial adj. 有利的(to sb/sth) • flat adj.平的 n.套房；公寓=apartment • therefore adv.因此 = as a result • convenient adj.便利的 convenience n. • parking n.停车场 park v.停车 n.公园
• Lesson 4 • * China Construction Bank CCB • construct v.建设 • amount n.数量 • an amount of + [U] 许多的 • physical adj. 物理的，身体的 • physics n.物理 ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ figure n.体型; 身材; 人物; 数字 • engine n.引擎 • engineer n.工程师 • admit v.承认，准许进/加入(+doing)
大学英语跨文化交际chapter9 Intercultural Adaptation
Education — the higher the better
Urban background — city dwellers do better than rural residents
High level of professional skill
General knowledge of the new culture, its history, custom arts, etc.
3. Effects of culture shock
Positive effects
Negative effects
Culture Shock
Text C: Intercultural Adaptation
1. Definition
Intercultural adaptation refers broadly to the process of increasing our level of fitness to meet the demands of a new cultural environment.
用别针之类来固定的蓝色或者黑色长袍，头上一般还 要带白色的便帽
Segregation in the U.S.A
Home
New
Separation Integration Assimilation Marginalization
Segregation
3. Factors Affecting Acculturation
d. Culture fatigue
Culture fatigue is used to describe the physical and psychological discomforts experienced by sojourners trying to adapt to a new culture.
高中英语Unit9Wheels4CarCulture巩固提升训练北师大版必修3(new)
Lesson 4 Car Culture一、下面的句子给出了某个单词的使用环境，请用正确的单词补全句子1The of something is how much there is,or how much you have,need，or get。
答案amount2A is a number representing an amount，especially an official number.答案figure3If you say that someone is to something，you mean that they like it very much and want to spend as much time doing it as possible。
答案addicted4If you that something bad，unpleasant，or embarrassing is true,you agree，often unwillingly。
答案admit5The people who a building or a place are the people who live or work there.答案occupy6We use to say that we cannot say how something was done or will be done.答案somehow7You use in order to indicate that it does not matter which of the possibl e happens or is chosen。
8If something you,it is convenient for you or is the best thing for you in the circumstances.答案suits二、选择适当的短语,并用其正确形式完成句子stress out be related to carry on be addicted togive up think about get stuck in pick up1This company has now introduced a policy that pay rises performance at work.答案are related to2You’re quiet what are you ?答案thinking about3A good business friend of mine said that if you cannot run your business in three days you should .答案give up4When you something，whether it’s a substance,an activity or a person，it seems as if nothing can replace it.答案are addicted to5Though tired and hungry,Mike until he finished his work。
英语演讲Chapter 9 Outlining the Speech
Transitions,Internal Summaries and Previe
Include them in your preparation outline to make sure they are strong
Give your Speech a Title
Be brief. Attract the attention of your audience. Encapsulate the main thrust of your speech.
Give Your Speech a Title
Group1
Outlinging
the Speech
The outline for your speech
is just like your house buildi
You can't build an
apartment without
a floor plan or an
architect's blue prAinst for building
They are not incorporated into the system but are labeled separatly and are inserted in the outline where they will appear in the speech
Attach a Bibliography
Make sure your statement of sources is clear,accurate,and consistent.
Unit 9 How to Grow Old 词汇
Unit 9How to Grow OldLanguage WorkParagraph 1“Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors.”Paraphrase: Although both my mother and my father died when they were still young, my other ancestors lived long lives. Here the author means that genetically he did quite well.respect n. an aspect of somethinge.g. In most respects, the new film is better than the original.The house is in a fairly good condition and, in this respect, contrasts with the rest of the street which is in a state of disrepair.as regards: in connection withe.g. Are you optimistic or pessimistic as regards the future?This is especially true as regards women, given that, of the world’s one billion poorest people, three-fifths are women and girls.“My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty.”Paraphrase: My mother’s father died at an early age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents enjoyed long lives. They all died in their eighties.cut off: to remove something by cutting it; to prevent someone from having something that they need or wante.g. The aim was to cut off the enemy’s escape route.I’m glad the bartender cut Tommy off —he’s already had too much to drink.When his wife died, he cut himself off from other people.March 31 is the cutoff date for applications to be accepted.“Of remoter ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off.”Paraphrase: Among all my remoter ancestors, I only find one who died young. He wasbeheaded, which is rare nowadays.namely adv. used for introducing more detailed information about a subject that you are discussinge.g. We need to get more teachers into the classrooms where they’re most needed,namely in poor areas.The minister would only repeat the official government position, namely that it can do nothing at the moment.“to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants”Paraphrase:kept a stern and fearful control over all her descendants until her death“She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad.”Paraphrase: She often told me how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who looked very sad.relate vt. to tell someone about something that has happened or what someone has saide.g. She related the events of the past week to the police.He relates how at the age of 23 he was interned in the prison camp.“She inquired the cause of his melancholy and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren.”Paraphrase: She asked him why he was so sad and he told her that he had just lost the company of his two grandchildren.melancholy n. (melancholic adj.) a feeling of sadness and of being without hopee.g. a melancholy piece of musicmelancholy autumn daysa melancholic expressionmelancholic songs“I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal existence!”Paraphrase:I have altogether seventy-two grandchildren. So if I felt sad whenever I ended a visit with one of them, I would live a miserable life.part v.if two people part, or if one person parts from another, they go away from each othere.g. No one could part the two friends.They were forced to part from one another.The committee parted over the issue of pay raises for employees.dismal adj. making you feel unhappy and without hope or enthusiasme.g. a dismal expressionThe acting was dismal, wasn’t it?What dismal weather!“think about the merely statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived”Paraphrase: think about how many years you have lived“Statistical fact of the number of years”is a humorous way of saying how many years one has lived.“still less of the probable brevity of your future”Paraphrase: still less reason to think about how short the remaining part of your life will probably beParagraph 2“... I have little experience of illness.”Paraphrase: ... I seldom fall ill.“I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.”Paraphrase: I never do anything for the reason that it is good for health, though most of the things I do are healthy.ground n. a reason for what you say or do, or for being allowed to say or do somethinge.g. He refused to answer on the ground that she was unfairly dismissed.We have grounds to believe that you have been lying to us.Do you have any ground for suspecting them?wholesome adj. beneficial for your, and likely to improve your life either physically, morally or emotionallye.g. wholesome foodgood wholesome family entertainmentHe looks like a nice wholesome young man.Paragraph 3“Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age.One of these is undue absorption in the past.”Paraphrase: From the psychological point of view, there are two dangerous things that old people should try to avoid. One of them is that old people should not think too much about their past.guard v. to protect someone or something from something dangerous or unpleasante.g. guard against infectionguard against tooth decayGuard what you say.undue adj. not necessary or reasonablee.g. Such a high increase will impose an undue burden on the local tax payer.It’s difficult to find a way of spreading information about the disease withoutcausing undue alarm.“It does not do to live in memories ...”Paraphrase:It is no use always recalling what happened in the past …Paragraph 4“clinging to youth”Paraphrase:having undue emotional attachment to youthLPT- I don’t mean that one should be without“I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible, philanthropic, but not unduly emotional.”Paraphrase:I do not mean that one shouldn’t have any interest in them at all, but one’s interest should be thoughtful and charitable, but not too emotional.contemplative adj. spending a lot of time thinking very carefully about somethinge.g. Her mood was calm and contemplative.I’m contemplating going abroad for a year.You’re not contemplating a change of job, are you?philanthropic adj. helping people, especially by giving money to those who need ite.g. a philanthropic societyFew companies offer money purely as a philanthropic gesture —they’re usuallyafter something in return.unduly adv. undulye.g. unduly familiar with strangersHe seemed unduly concerned about the missing girl.Paragraph 5“It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful ...”Paraphrase:Only in this area will old people’s long experience become really useful ...“... the wisdom bor n of experience can be exercised without being oppressive.”Paraphrase: ... one can use the wisdom that he has obtained from his life experience to help his grown-up children without making them feel oppressed.oppressive adj. something that is oppressive makes you feel very worried or anxiouse.g. an oppressive silenceoppressive weatherSeveral people had experienced the same feeling of oppression when they sleptin that room.Paragraph 6“Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the you ng there is a justification for this feeling.”Paraphrase: Some old people are haunted by the fear of death. For young people, there is some reason for this feeling.“has achieved whatever work it was in him to do”Paraphrase: has achieved whatever work he had the ability to doLPT- oppressoppress vt. to make someone feel very worried or unhappye.g. Strange dreams and nightmares oppressed him.Poverty oppresses the spirit.justification n. (justify vt.) a reason why something is correct and morally righte.g. There is no justification for treating people so badly.It can be said, with some justification, that she is one of the greatest actresses onthe English stage today.It was the only thing that I could do —I don’t have to justify myself to anyone.I think you were quite justified in complaining.“The best way to overcome it ... is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life.”Paraphrase: The best way to dispel that fear ... is to think more of the outside world, ofother people and less of your own self. And finally you will lose more and more of your individual being and your life will become part of the eternal universal life.recede vi. to move back from a high point or levele.g. As the boat picked up speed, the coastline receded into the distance until finallyit became invisible.The road to the island only appears when the tide has receded.With the passage of time, my unhappy memories of the place receded.merge vt. (merger n.) to combine, or to join things together to form one thinge.g. Pink, blue and orange colors merged in the evening sky.After a while the narrow track merges with a wider path.The merger of the se two companies would create the world’s biggest accounting firm.“the thought of rest”Paraphrase:the idea of death. Here “rest” is a euphemism for “death.”。
CB-Chapter9 学习与记忆
9-11
How affective response leads to learning
Figure 9.5 How affective response leads to learning
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd Quester, Pettigrew, Kopanidis and Rao Hill, Consumer Behaviour, 7e
Figure 9.4 Consumer learning through classical conditioning
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd Quester, Pettigrew, Kopanidis and Rao Hill, Consumer Behaviour, 7e
COURTESY IGOR KISSELEV/SHUTTERSTOCK
Copyright © 2014 McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Ltd Quester, Pettigrew, Kopanidis and Rao Hill, Consumer Behaviour, 7e
9-5
Involvement and learning
• High-involvement conditions
– High motivation to learn – Seeking out the information
• Low-involvement conditions
– Incidental exposure to information – Most consumer learning is in a lowinvolvement context.
英语演讲Chapter9OutliningtheSpeech
Attach a Bibliography
As for speech
The detail one for planning and preparation,and a brief one for delivery of
Twspoeekcihnds outlines
Preperation outline
An outline that helps you prepare the speech.That means putting your speech together,deciding what you will say in the introduction,how to organize the main points and supporting materials and what to say in th
Preparation Outline
Speaking Outline
Thank you
Yvonne Victoria Alice
谢谢
Group2
Unsafe Drinking Water Toxins on Tap
Living with Deafness
The Sounds of Slience
The Rage to Diet
The Art of Wishful Shrinking
Give Your Speech a Title