江苏职称英语考试题集(卫生高级)中译英
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-68
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-681、Nurse! I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital, a parent's first reaction is to be with them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep ____ with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this practice was not only frowned upon (不赞同) —it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be upset when their parents left, and so there was a blanket (通用的) ban.A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study "Nurse, I want my mummy!" published in 1974, changed the face "paediatric (儿科的) nursing.Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of nurses like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela's study was done against the background of a livelydebate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in hospital." "The idea was that if mum came to visita small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable (无法安慰的) for hours. ""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at all the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. " "Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope that mum was ever coming back.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit." "But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be allowed to visit."Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her work had been seminal (开创性的)."Her research put an end to the days when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward.""As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay withtheir children while they are in hospital, which has dramatically improved both parents' and children's experience of care."【单选题】A.soundlyB.overtimeC.fortnightD.overnight正确答案:D答案解析:本题有一定难度，考查词义辨析，考察副词overnight的用法，文章此处是说“大多数医院都允许父母陪孩子过夜”，overnight指“一夜地，过夜地”，答案是D。
江苏省人事考试英语学习指南(2015新版本卫生类中英对照本)
江苏省人事考试英语学习指南(2015新版本卫生类中英对照本）第一节词汇与语法专项练习在A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案。
1. The great discovery of this drug marks a breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.这一药物的重大发现是癌症治疗的一个突破。
A. outbreak B .breakdown C. breakthrough D. breakup2. It pays to buy high quality goods in the long run.从长远来看，买高质量的商品是值得的A. pays（支付）B. takesC. costsD. spends3. Many observers are pessimistic about the possibility of a successful outcome ofthe present round of talks.许多观察家都对目前的谈判的一个成功的结果的可能性表现悲观。
A. incomeB. inputC. outputD. outcome4. She does not work, but her income is considerably high.她不工作，但她的收入相当高。
A．wages B. salary C. income D. money5. Many readers believe Mr. Brown to be a fine writer.许多读者认为，布朗先生是一位优秀的作家。
A. acceptB. believeC. think ofD. regard玛丽向她的老板提出了个难题。
6 .Mary has put a difficult question to her boss.A. putB. askedC. demandedD. set7 .Would you be so kind as to step this way, please?请您这样做，好吗？A. asB. veryC. soD. too他不小心点燃了房子。
职称英语卫生类补全短文试题答案及翻译
职称英语卫生类补全短文试题答案及翻译How Deafness Makes It Easier to HearMost people think of Beethoven's hearing loss as an obstacle to composing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in thelast decade of his life when he was completely deaf.This is one of the most glorious cases of the triumph of will over adversity, but his biographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. 1 . In his deaf world Beethoven could experiment, free from the sounds of the outside world, free to create new forms and harmonies. Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musical ability of musicians who become deaf. They continue to"hear" music with as much, or greater, accuracy than if they were actually hearing it being played. 2 . He described a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months:" my former musical experiences began to play back to me. I couldn't differentiate between what I heard and real hearing. 2 After many years, it is still rewarding to listen to these playbacks, to ' hear' music which is new to me and to find many quiet accompaniments for all of my moods. "How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both"out there" and at the same time within us? There is no better example of this connection between external stimulus and internal perception than the cochlear implant. 3 . However, it might be possible to use the brain's remarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces.When Michael Edgar first" switched on" his cochlear implant,the sound's he heard were not at all clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he began to identify everyday sounds. For example," The insistentringing of the telephone became clear almost at once. "The primary purpose of the implant is to allow communication with others. When people spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices "coming through like a long-distance telephone call on a poor connection. " But when it came to his beloved music, the implant was of no help. 4 . He said," I play the piano as I used to and hear it in my head at the sametime. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keys give added ' clarity' to hearing in my head. ''Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is not perfect, but which can change their lives. 5 . Even the most amazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as he composed his Ninth Symphony at the end of his life.词汇：obstacle 障碍 fascinate 使着迷，使神魂颠倒biographer 传记作者 accompaniment 伴奏insistent 连续的 adversity 逆境;不幸注释：1.the triumph of will over adversity：the successful overcoming of difficulty through determination用意志力成功战胜不幸2.I couldn’t differentiate between what I heard and realhearin9.我不能分辨我听到的和真实的声音有什么不同。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-55
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-551、Intellectual DisabilityPeople with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person's performance in a variety of tests. An individual's level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual disability.For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is noidentifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen—prolonged labor during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella (风疹), drug or diet-related problems; damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis(脑膜炎) or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome(唐氏综合症).Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization—which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else,With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings. Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with anintellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.Five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used to____.【单选题】A.assess the degree of difficulty an individual has with learningB.illnesses such as encephalitis or accidentC.they also have feelingsD.an assessment of a person's performance in a variety of testsE.factors such as rubella, drug or diet-related problemsF.benefit the exchange正确答案:A答案解析:根据题干线索词Five categories定位原文至第二段第一句“five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning”，由此推断，句中画线部分即为所需添加成分。
职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(4)
职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(4)F Making Friends With New Acquaintances27 If you had no one th share your feelings, your life would be ____________.28 The warm feeling of belongingness may give you____________.29 The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you ____________.30 You will find it hard to make friends with people_______________.A sad and lonelyB emotionally healthyC without real love for themD a sense of securityE a lonely wolfF without pity第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇：What Is Death?People in the past did not question the difference between life and death. They could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating. People have learned, however, that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating. They discovered that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active. Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see as in the past. Modern medical devices can keep the heart beating and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops. But is this life?This question has caused much debate among citizens in the United States. Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies. A person should be considered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive. Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal(切除) of undiseased（没病的）organs for transplant（移植）operations.The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells. These cells send and receive millions of chemical and electrical messages every day. In this way the brain controls the other body activities. Nerve-cell experts say it usually is easy to tellwhen the brain has died. They put small electrodes(电极) on a person's skull (头骨) to measure the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain. These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper. The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve cells. The brain is dead when the waves stop moving.【备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。
职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-18
职称英语考试《卫生类》历年真题精选及答案0514-181、Lower Body Fat Means Better PerformanceThese days, fashion models and pop stars are not the only people who have to watch their waistline. Football players who miss a few kicks and let their belly hanging out a little too much are likely to be attacked by rabid fans or even the president of a country.The latest football star to draw the attention of the "fat police" is Barcelona's Ronaldinho, 26. Last Friday, a Spanish sports daily published two photos of the Brazilian star without his shirt. One was taken in November 2003; the other was taken this month. In the most recent one, the star's waistline seems to have a little extra padding.Another Spanish sports daily published similar before-and-aider photos and argued that the star has "lost his explosiveness and velocity" and is "worn out". The cause, according to the news paper, is his poor physical fitness.However, the player's coach, Frank Rijkaard, insists that he'ssatisfied with Ronaldinho's form and fitness. And after Barcelona's victory over Athletic Bibao on Sunday, Ronaldinho challenged photographers to take pictures of him when he took off his shirt."I don't have anything to hide," he said.Fellow Brazilian Ronaldo, 30, of Real Madrid, faced similar criticism before the 2006 World Cup. But the criticism didn't come from a bunch of sports reporters: It came from the president of Brazil."So, what is it?" Brazil's President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva asked the national soccer team's coach in his office last June, according to the Associated Press. "Is he [Ronaldo]fat or not?""He is very strong, president," Carlos Alberto Parreira reportedly said at the time. "He is not that boy anymore. His body type has changed. "The game of footfall demands that players put as much emphasis on fitness as they can do on dribbling, passing or shooting. During a proper training regimen, football players normally follow a load-fatigue-recovery pattern. They push their body toward a higher mark of fitness and experience a slight and brief drop in performance. Then they begin the recovery process, which will ideally carry their performance to an even higherplane.However, sometimes non-physical factors can influence a player's poor fitness. In Ronaldinho's case, for instance, people, often unnamed, have blamed everything from the pressure of contract negotiations to personal problems and too many advertising commitments.Ronaldinho often goes to pubs.【单选题】A.RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:C答案解析:C 句子说的是：Ronaldinho常去酒馆。
江苏省职称英语卫生试卷2
江苏职称英语卫生类考试真题试卷【二】说明：本试卷共七大题，申报高级职称者全做，满分为120分；申报中级职称者做第一、二、三、四、五、七大题，满分为100分。
第六大题申报中级职称者不做，做了也不判分【注：高级单独列出】一、词汇与语法选择（20小题，每小题0.5分。
共10分，建议完成时间10分钟）21. _________ for your encouragement, I'd never have invented this machine要不是你的鼓励,我根本不能发明这台机器A. Had it notB. If it were notC. If I had not beenD. Had it not been 要不是22. If we can______ our present difficulties, everything will be all right. 如果我们能解决我们目前的困难,一切都会好的。
A. get off下来B: get across通过C. get over克服 D. get through完成23. All buses ________because of the heavy snow, they had to go there on foot。
因为大雪所有的公交车已经被取消, 他们不得不走路去那里。
A. had been canceled 已撤销B. having been canceled被取消C. were canceled 取消D. having canceled 撤销24. In our apartment, there are five rooms, _______is used as a living-room. 在我们的公寓里,有五个房间,其中最大的是当一个起居室A. the largest of them B the largest of what . C. the largest of which最大的房间 D the largest of that25. It's highly necessary that the rocket ________ until all the preparations have been made. ,直到所有的准备工作做好，这是非常必要的,否则火箭无法发射。
江苏省人事考试卫生系统英语阅读中文翻译
根据哥本哈根“Berlingske Tidende”报纸上发表的最新的医学研究结果。
大多数得了Ⅱ型糖尿病的老年人，如果他们一周能够做三次每次三十分钟的轻快地锻炼，那么他们能够停止服用胰岛素。
结果来自于哥本哈根中心医院Rigshispitalet研究所对糖尿病患者的调查。
报纸报道：“调查结果显示体能锻炼能够提高身体利用胰岛素的能力提高30%。
”调查者用两个组完成实验，一组没有非糖尿病的人，一组是有Ⅱ型糖尿病的人，两组人员都超过60岁。
让他们3个月每周在使用自行车锻炼6次。
3个月过后，医生测量参加测试者的肌肉能够使用多少糖份作为测量他们胰岛素工作状况如何的标志。
肌肉研究中心的副教授Dela说“这个测试证明参与锻炼的糖尿病患者跟健康的不参加锻炼的人使用胰岛素一样高。
”“这意味着胰岛素在两个组使用情况一样好，身体锻炼不能够治愈糖尿病，但是锻炼能够消除所有糖尿病的症状。
同时，锻炼能够推迟服用胰岛素的时间点甚至有可能完全地避免胰岛素治疗。
”Dela 的话语像格言一样被人们引用。
胰岛素是胰腺产生的一种激素，控制人体内的糖份，并且用来治疗糖尿病。
Dela说“为了达到理想效果，糖尿病患者只要到出汗就行，但是运动必须得持续因为五天没有充足的锻炼的话，效果就会消失了。
”Dela说“大多数糖尿病患者知道注意饮食的重要性，但不知道体育锻炼的重要性。
”第三篇在二十世纪60年代，医学研究中Holmes和Rahe制定了有关压力事件的清单。
他们领会这个棘手的问题：人和的主要改变都可能造成压力。
消极的事件像家庭成员的大病位列榜单前列，但是一些积极地人生改变时间也是如此，像结婚。
当你参加Holmes-Rache测试时，你必须记住所得的分数无法向你表明你怎样对待压力，只表明你承受了多大程度的压力，我们现在都知道你处理这些事件的方式会很戏剧化的影响你保持健康的机会。
到二十世纪70年代早期，成百上千的相同的研究跟着Holmes和Rahe而来，并且上百万的工作和生活在压力下的美国人对这个报告很担忧。
职称英语考试《卫生类》答案
职称英语考试《卫生类》答案In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a year’s supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one-third. Every family has had this s?ort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible?Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. Aording to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, thefarmer’s share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 per cent more than the farmer had received in 1959.But farmers claim that this increase was very small pared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm productsafter the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the “middlemen” who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices?Of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen received $790, which was 33 per cent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemen’s profit has increased more than farmer’s. But some economistsclaim that the middleman’s actual profit was very low. Aording to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat packers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. During the same period all others manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent. By parison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly littlefrom the rise in food prices.Who then is actually responsible for the size of thebill a housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in food prices. They say that food costs more now because women don’t want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market.Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have beencut into pieces by someone other than the one who buys it.A family should expect to pay more when several “TVdinne rs” are taken home from the store. These are fullycooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, and sometimes desert, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the oven and heated while the housewife is doing something else. Such a convenience costs money. Thus, as economists point out: “Some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processor’s plant.”Economists remind us that many modern housewives have jobs outside the home. They earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a day’s work. She wants to buy m any kinds of food that can be put on her family’s table easily and quickly. “If the housewife wants all of these,” the economists say, “that is her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make her work easier.”It appears that the answer to the question of rising prices is not a simple one. Producers, consumers, and middlemen all share the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs.练习：1. Paragraph 32. Paragraph 43. Paragraph 54. Paragraph 6A The Cost of Convenience.B A Surprising Answer Given by the Economists.C The Effect of InflationD Middlemen’s Limited Share in the Additional Profit.E Farmers’ Denial of Increased Profit.F Housewives’ Need to Find Jobs.5.Many people agree that food prices have increased sharply but they have failed .6.The farmers have not been benefited very much.7.Housewives have to pay for the time they save.8.The economists have e to the conclusion that the cause of increased food prices lies in .A Nor have the middlemen.B to increase the prices for food.C that they cannot agree on the causes of the increase in prices to agree on the reasons for the increase.E by buying prepared food.F the popularization of convenience food.答案：E D B A D A E F。
江苏职称英语考试题集(卫生高级)中译英
1、根多冷冻食品，虽然包装考究，易于保存或看上去诱人，但吃起来味道极差，如同嚼蜡。
（）.Currently., although well-packed, easily preserved and appealing to theeye, many deep frozen food today tastejust like candle.2、近50年来，癌症的发病率一直处于上升趋势，专家认为，这与生活方式和饮食有关。
（）.The incidence of cancer has been onthe rise in the past 50 years, and experts believe that this has to do with life style and diet3、现在中国基本实现人人享有初级卫生保健服务。
（）.Almost all the Chinese people are now accessible to basic health care services.4、当地的卫生官员报告了一起严重的食物中毒事件。
（）.The local medical official reporteda serious outbreak of food poisoning.5、从我成为住院医生开始，我就希望能把病人当作一个完整的人来看待。
（）.By the time I reached my residency, yearned for treating the patient as awhole human being.6、这台仪器性能稳定，操作可靠，维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。
（）.The instrument has been welcomed by the customers because of its stabilityin service, reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance.7、对大多数城市上班族来说，坐地铁上班更经济实惠。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-10
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-101、Mary evidently is the most diligent student among us.【单选题】A.intelligentB.beautifulC.talkativeD.hardworking正确答案:D答案解析:显然玛丽是我们当中最用功的学生。
本题难度不大，考察的是基本意义，干扰项干扰不大，diligent和hardworking 都有“勤奋的，用功的”意思，是近义词，其他选项都是常用词汇，和答案意义差异大，最佳答案是D。
2、Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.【单选题】A.politeB.similarualD.bad正确答案:A答案解析:她的父亲温文尔雅，是一个安静的人。
本题难度不大，是送分题。
graceful是“典雅的，文雅的”，和polite“礼貌的”意思相近，其他三项都是常用词，和答案意义差异大，干扰性不强3、Many?cities?have?restricted?smoking?in?public?places.【单选题】A.limitedB.allowedC.stoppedD.kept正确答案:A答案解析:题干大意：许多城市禁止在公共场合抽烟。
restrict 意为“限制”，如：The?trees?restrict?our?view.（这些树局限了我们的视野。
）limit意为“限制”，最符合题意，如：He?must?limit?the?number?of?cigarettes?he?smokes.（他必须限制抽烟的数目。
）allow意为“允许”，如：Please?allow?me?to?express?my?warm?welcome?to?our?gue sts.?（请允许我向来客表示热烈的欢迎。
）stop意为“停止”，如：Stop?talking.（别说话。
职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(3)
职称英语考试卫生类试题及答案(3)Friendly Relations with the people Around1 You depend on all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness（归属）that you must have to feel secure. But, In fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them. A person who shows that he wants everything for himsefl in bound（一定的）to be a lonely wolf.2 The need for companionship is closely realated to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don't know them. When the game is over, you will all go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling ofcompanionship, of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.4 An experience of this kind gives the clue（线索）to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companions become friends when these ties are formed.5 When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances（熟人）, you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.23 Paragraph2 ______________23 Paragraph3 ______________23 Paragraph4 ______________23 Paragraph5 ______________A Close Link Between Companionship and BelongingnessB How to Satisfy Other People's NeedsC An Example of a Satisfying RelationshipD Difficulties in Establishing FriendshipsE What Companionship Really Is【备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。
江苏职称英语考试题集(卫生高级)英译中
1、Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in determining a person's well being.（）.实际上，疼痛被当作第五大生命特征。
在诊断人的健康状况时，疼痛与血压、体温、呼吸和脉搏一样起着重要的作用。
2、One of the key elements here was flattening the hierarchy in the operating room so that everybody, the scrub tech, the nurse, the surgeon, the anesthesiologist, who ever it is in the operating room could bring up any concerns they had about the patient.（）.关键因素之一就是打破手术室格局，以便让参与手术的每个人，包括消毒人员、护士、外科医生、麻醉师，都能提出与病人相关的任何问题。
3、People who were physically active on a regular basis had lower risk of cognitive impairments in late life. But it seemed that teenage physical activity was particularly important in terms of the prevention of cognitive impairments.（）.定期进行身体锻炼的人们晚年患认知障碍风险更低。
但似乎青少年时期的身体锻炼在预防认知障碍方面尤为重要。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-95
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-951、Flu doesScratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That's because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come. The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses-flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the fluand common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症), a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system. There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold but frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.We learn from the passage that ____.【单选题】A.one doesn't need to take any medicine ifhe has a cold or the fluB.aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the fluC.delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous systemD.over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu正确答案:D答案解析:由第七段第一句可知D项正确。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-9
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0523-91、PopulationThe advantages and disadvantages of large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited . To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population . Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themOne of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, ____. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment it results in a declining marketfor manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.【单选题】A.which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify themB.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limitedC.it will be the first concern of government to plane a limit on the birth rate, whatever the consequences may beD.Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller populationE.A small population may mean lower productivity, but a higher average incomeF.because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods正确答案:C答案解析:需要选择的是这个句子中的主干，前面说在这个发展中国家里，极度膨胀的人口给食品、空间和自然资源都造成了很大的压力，因此顺理成章地控制人口就成为这样的国家的政府关注的头等大事。
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及答案0524-84
职称英语考试《卫生类》章节练习题精选及
答案0524-84
1、Such a database would be extremely costly to set up.【单选题】
A.transfer
B.destroy
C.establish
D.update
正确答案:C
答案解析:题干大意：建立这样的数据库成本会非常高。
set?up意为“建立”，如：set?up?an?organization（成立一个组织）。
transfer意为“转移”，如：He?was?transferred?to?another?department.（他被调到另一个部门了。
）destroy意为“破坏”，如：The houses?were?destroyed?in?an?earthquake.（房屋在地震中被毁坏。
）establish意为“成立”，最符合题意，如：His?grandfather?established?the?family?business?in?1920.（他的祖父在1920年成立了这个家族企业。
）update意为“更新”，如：Have?you?updated?the?statistics in?the?report?（你更新报告中的数据了么？）
2、Many young began to taking drugs without realizing what the danger is. 【单选题】
A.risk
B.harm。
江苏职称英语考试题集（卫生高级）短文填补
江苏职称英语考试题集（卫生高级）短文填补第一篇：江苏职称英语考试题集(卫生高级)短文填补1、Here is a great irony of 21st century global health.(A)While hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption or warfare, hundreds of millions more are overweight to the point of increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases.Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources away from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes（）.放入短文B处2、First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available,(A)First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, an unobstructed airway and breathing.First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and provider's level of knowledge and skill（）.放入短文B处3、A widely heralded but stillexperimental cancer-fighting, compound may be used someday to prevent two other major killers of Americans: heart disease and stroke.(A)How can a drug that is apparently effective against tumors also reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke?（）.放入短文B处4、Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food unless it is badly cooked.(A)Never ask a child whether he likes or dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so（）.放入短文B处5、Faces, like fingerprints, are unique.(A)Did you everwonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? We can tell people apart not only by how they look but also by how they behave（）.放入短文C处6、A European study has revealed that 100% fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their $hole fruit vegetable counterparts in reducing risk factors related to certain diseases.(A)As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and Vegetables offer come not from just the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables（）.放入短文B处7、It is interesting to notice the fact that people from different walks of life are working together in search of a better view across the industrialized world and beyond.(A)Through therapeutic cloning, scientists would create embryos to harvest stem cells, which may hold the key to treating a wide range of disease（）.放入短文C处8、Can electricity cause cancer? A growing band ofscientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies(悲性肿瘤).(A)If there is a caner risk, it is a small one（）.放入短文D处9、As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking and failure to exercise.(A) Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally（）.放入短文B处10、In the summer, millions of Americans will offer up their bodies to the sun rays.A tan indicates health and beauty, andmost sun worshippers will sacrifice a lot to achieve it, including themselves.(A)With each hour, the sun's ultraviolet(UV)radiation produces irreversible damage, hastening the development of unsightly wrinkles（）.放入短文A处11、Most sore throats are caused by the infection which treatment with antibiotics cannot cure.(A)But with simple remedies the patient normally gets better in 4 0r 5 days.Tonsillitis,however, usually starts with a sore throat which causes pain on swallowing（）.放入短文C处12、The Chinese have used a method called acupuncture to perform operations for about 4,000 years without putting the patient to sleep.(A)But to be skillful requires greater time（）.放入短文C处13、Eating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially wen they come in the fo,rm.of a potato salad or eaten cold.(A)White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged（）.放入短文B 处14、Scientists have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects.(A)The drug interferes with appetite control and prevents the build up of fatty issue（）.放入短文A处15、What we know of prenatal development(产前发育)makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art or mathematics during pregnancyseemutterlyimpossible.'(A)There is no connection between their nervous system（）.放入短文B处16、Medical researchers keep looking for less invasive ways to perform operations.(A)Some researchers see a future in NOTES。
职称英语卫生试题及答案
职称英语卫生试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. The most common cause of respiratory infections is:A. BacteriaB. VirusesC. FungiD. Parasites答案：B2. Which of the following is not a symptom of influenza?A. FeverB. CoughC. Sore throatD. Diarrhea答案：D3. The primary method of transmission for the common cold is:A. AirborneB. FoodborneC. ContactD. Vector-borne答案：A4. The main route of entry for hepatitis B virus is:A. Through the skinB. Through the respiratory tractC. Through the digestive tractD. Through the bloodstream答案：D5. Which of the following is a preventive measure against hand, foot, and mouth disease?A. VaccinationB. HygieneC. IsolationD. Medication答案：B6. The principle of action of penicillin is to:A. Kill virusesB. Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesisC. Suppress immune functionD. Increase blood circulation答案：B7. The correct procedure for hand hygiene is:A. Rinse with water, then apply soapB. Apply soap, then rinse with waterC. Rinse with water, then dry with a towelD. Apply soap, then dry with a towel答案：B8. The main route of transmission for cholera is:A. AirborneB. FoodborneC. ContactD. Vector-borne答案：B9. The most effective way to prevent influenza is:A. Taking antiviral drugsB. Wearing masksC. Getting vaccinatedD. Drinking herbal tea答案：C10. The main symptom of measles is:A. RashB. FeverC. CoughD. Sore throat答案：A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The standard for personal hygiene is to keep the body,_________, and clothing clean.答案：hands and face2. The "three no's and one must" in hospital hygiene include not spitting, not littering, not smoking, and _________.答案：must wash hands3. The main method of transmission for tuberculosis is through _________.答案：airborne droplets4. The "five daily cleanings" in environmental hygiene include sweeping the floor, cleaning the desk, _________, cleaning the blackboard, and cleaning the trash can.答案：cleaning the windows5. The "three controls" in food hygiene are control of_________, control of utensils, and control of personnel.答案：raw materials三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. What are the basic requirements for hospital hygiene?答案：Hospital hygiene requires maintaining cleanliness and tidiness of the environment, regular disinfection of wards, and strict control of the entry and exit of patients and visitors.2. What are the three main measures for preventing infectious diseases?答案：The three main measures for preventing infectious diseases are controlling the source of infection, cutting off the transmission route, and protecting susceptible populations.3. What are the three aspects of food hygiene?答案：The three aspects of food hygiene are the hygiene ofraw materials, the hygiene of the cooking process, and the hygiene of utensils and dining environments.4. What are the three steps of hand hygiene?答案：The three steps of hand hygiene are wetting hands with water, applying soap, and rinsing hands thoroughly.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. Discuss the importance and methods of environmental hygiene.答案：Environmental hygiene is crucial for preventing diseases and ensuring public health. Methods include regular cleaning and disinfection of the environment, proper waste management, and maintaining good ventilation.2. Discuss the importance and methods of personal hygiene.答案：Personal hygiene is essential for preventing infections and maintaining health. Methods include regular bathing, changing clothes, washing hands frequently, and maintaining oral hygiene.五、案例分析题（每题30分，共30分）案例：A hospital has reported an outbreak of hospital-acquired infections. Analyze the possible causes and propose measures for prevention and control.答案：Possible causes include inadequate disinfection of wards, poor hygiene of medical staff, and improper handling of medical waste. Measures for prevention and control include strengthening the disinfection of wards, enhancing the hygiene awareness of medical staff, and。
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Currently., although well-packed, easily preserved and appealing to the eye, many deep frozen food today taste just like candle.1、近50年来，癌症的发病率一直处于上升趋势，专家认为，这与生活方式和饮食有关。
（）.The incidence of cancer has been on the rise in the past 50 years, and experts believe that this has to do with life style and diet2、现在中国基本实现人人享有初级卫生保健服务。
（）.Almost all the Chinese people are now accessible to basic health care services.3、当地的卫生官员报告了一起严重的食物中毒事件。
（）.The local medical official reported a serious outbreak of food poisoning.4、从我成为住院医生开始，我就希望能把病人当作一个完整的人来看待。
（）.By the time I reached my residency, yearned for treating the patient as a whole human being.5、这台仪器性能稳定，操作可靠，维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。
（）.The instrument has been welcomed by the customers because of its stability in service, reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance.6、对大多数城市上班族来说，坐地铁上班更经济实惠。
（）.For most working people in the city, it is more economical to go lo work by subway.7、今天随着生活节奏的不断加快，我们的脑力体力都经受着前所未有的透支。
（）.Today, with our life, pace getting faster and faster, we are more over drawn than ever before mentally and physically.8、生物学和遗传学取得的巨大进展对男女不同的作用、职责和特点都提出了根本性的挑战。
（）.The substantial progress made in biology and genetics is posing a radical challenge to the roles, responsibilities and specific;characteristics of each sex.9、与此同时，我们每个人每天都需要大约50夸脱的水，用于饮用、沐浴、做饭和满足其他的基本需要。
（）.Meanwhile, each of us requires about 50 quarters of water per day for drinking, bathing, cooking and other basic needs.10、因为人类的干预，很多动物都面临着灭绝的危险。
（）.Many animals face extinction as the result of human interference.11、为了控制并战胜那些困扰人类的可怕的疾病，协调一致的行动是必不可少的。
（）.In order to control and defeat the dreadful diseases that trouble humanity, it is necessary to have agreed action.12、大多数手术是成功的，病人正在逐渐平稳地康复和复原。
（）.Most operations are successful and the patient progresses smoothly to complete recovery and rehabilitation.13、我没有时间给你详细解释了，但是为了你的安全，请尽快离开这座城市。
（）.I have no time to explain it to you in detail, but for your safety, leave the city as soon as possible.14、精神病患者的情绪极其波动，不是极度兴奋就是极度消沉。
（）.The mental patient alternates between great excitement and deep depression.15、在发展中国家，酒精的消费和有害影响正在攀升，尤其是在亚非地区，这些地方缺乏对酒精的有效监管，医疗服务也不是很完善。
（）.Consumption and harmful effects of alcohol are increasing in developing countries, particularly in Africa and Asia, which have less powerful regulations and which have less health services available.16、维生素D有助与强健骨骼，提高身体免疫力。
（）.Vitamin D helps build strong bones and strengthens the body's defenses against disease17、人们往往聚在一起，这样，普通感冒病毒通过握手从一个人传播到另一人，或通过打喷嚏、咳嗽互相传播。
（）.People tend to congregate and be together and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshakes, through sneezing, or coughing on one another.18、收入、家庭背景和环境因素是其他需要考虑在内的变数。
（）.Income, family background and environmental factors are other variables that need to be considered.19、这一研究发现意味着经济衰退会让更多的女性生女孩。
（）.The finding means the economic downturn could see more women give birth to daughters.20、自1940年以来世界人口已经增加了两倍，专家说这样的增长速度给居民造成了日益严重的威胁。
（）.Experts say the pace of growth, which has seen the number of people on the planet triple since 1940, poses an increasing danger to citizens.21、科学家尚不完全清楚维生素制剂导致过早死亡的原因，但这些制剂会妨碍人体的自然抵抗力。
（）.The scientists do not fully understand how vitamin supplements may trigger early death, but they may interfere with the body's natural defences.22、除非有明显的病因，比如营养缺乏症，否则我们不建议服用膳食补充剂。
（）.We recommend that dietary supplements be used with strong medically based cause, such as symptomatic nutrient deficiency disease.23、以油炸食品、高盐食品和肉食为主的西式饮食易引发心脏病，目前全世界约30%的心脏病是由这种饮食方式引起的。
（）.The fried foods, salty snacks and meats that are staples of the Western diet account for about 30 percent-of heart attack risk across the world.24、吸烟会导致中年人智力水平下降，而且会导致日后老年痴呆及其他很多身体性疾病。
（）.Smoking was associated with mental decline in middle age, as.it is with dementia and a host of physical ills later in life.25、在进入市场之前每个产品都经过专门测试。
（）.Every product is exclusively tested before being put into market.26、环保人员坚持要采取措施来中和酸雨的不良特性。
（）.Environmental officials insist that something be done to detoxify acid rain.27、耐衰老方面的最近研究表明，身体的防御机制可能会失去辨别异己的能力。
（）.,Recent research on aging shows that、the body's defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is stran ge.~。