Linux进程和计划任务管理实验报告

[root@localhost ~]# ps 显示当前用户会话中打开的进程

PID TTY TIME CMD

4321 pts/1 00:00:00 bash

4420 pts/1 00:00:00 ps

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux 以简单列表的形式显示出所有进程信息

USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND

root 1 0.0 0.1 2072 664 ? Ss 15:43 0:00 init [5]

root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 15:43 0:00 [migration/0]

root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 15:43 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0]

root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 15:43 0:00 [watchdog/0]

root 5 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S< 15:43 0:00 [events/0]

[root@localhost ~]# ps -elf 以长格式显示系统中所有的进程信息

F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN STIME TTY TIME CMD

4 S root 1 0 0 7

5 0 - 518 - 15:43 ? 00:00:00 init

1 S root

2 1 0 -40 - - 0 migrat 15:4

3 ? 00:00:00 [mig]

1 S root 3 1 0 94 19 - 0 ksofti 15:43 ? 00:00:00 [kso]

[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep bash 过滤出包含bash的进程信息

root 4064 0.0 0.1 6504 628 ? Ss 15:45 0:00 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /bin/sh -c exec -l /bin/bash -c "/usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /etc/X11/xinit/Xclients" root 4321 0.0 0.4 5640 1504 pts/1 Ss 15:46 0:00 bash

root 4672 0.0 0.1 5020 696 pts/1 R+ 16:01 0:00 grep bash

[root@localhost ~]# top 查看进程动态信息

top - 16:04:42 up 20 min, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00

Tasks: 120 total, 2 running, 116 sleeping, 0 stopped, 2 zombie

Cpu(s): 0.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st

Mem: 360884k total, 354720k used, 6164k free, 14852k buffers

Swap: 1052248k total, 0k used, 1052248k free, 209276k cached

PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND

4230 root 20 0 39864 20m 10m S 0.0 5.9 0:00.15 puplet

4158 root 15 0 128m 20m 16m S 0.0 5.8 0:01.07 vmtoolsd

[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l "log" 查询进程名中包含log的进程及其PID号2987 syslogd

2990 klogd

[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l -U root -t tty1 查询用户root在tty1终端上运行的进程及PID号

3583 mingetty

[root@localhost ~]# pstree -aup 查看当前系统的进程树，包括各进程对应的PID号，用户名，完整命令等

init,1

├─acpid,3198

├─anacron,3482 -s

├─atd,3490

├─auditd,2963

│├─audispd,2965

││└─{audispd},2966

│└─{auditd},2964

├─automount,3278

│├─{automount},3279

│├─{automount},3280

│├─{automount},3283

│└─{automount},3286

├─avahi-daemon,3516,avahi

[root@localhost ~]# cp /dev/cdrom haha.iso & 后台运行复制任务

[1] 4355

[root@localhost ~]# firefox http://localhost & 在后台运行火狐浏览器，不影响终端的使用

[1] 4559

[root@localhost ~]# jobs -l 查看当前终端中在后台运行的进程任务

[1]+ 4559 Running firefox http://localhost &

bg命令可以将后台中暂停执行（ctrl+z组合键挂起）的任务恢复运行

fg 1命令可以将后台任务重新恢复到前台运行

[root@localhost ~]# firefox http://localhost & 后台运行

[1] 4842

[root@localhost ~]# fg 1 恢复到前台运行

firefox http://localhost

[root@localhost ~]# pgrep -l "firefox" 查看firefox进程的PID

5108 firefox

[root@localhost ~]# kill 5108 终止firefox进程

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/lib/firefox-3.0.18/run-mozilla.sh: line 131: 5108 已终止"$prog" ${1+"$@"}

[root@localhost ~]# kill -9 5108 强制终止