英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编64

英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编64

(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)

1.英译汉（分数：

2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：

2.A fully-automatic factory, as we are able to envisage it today, takes the form of a complete factory with only a few skilled engineers to keep it in running order and a control committee to decide on the broad outline of the production plan. The details of the production plan will be decided by a computer which receives all the information necessary for the efficient running of a business. This machine will process the information fed to it and pass on the results both to the control committee and to a second large special-purpose computer acting as the central production controller.

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：全自动化工厂，就我们目前能预见到的而言，是一种完全配套的工厂，仅需几位熟练的工程师来维持它的正常运行，并加上一个管理委员会对生产计划的大轮廓作出决定。具体的生产计划将由一台能接收所有有效信息以保证商业正常运营的计算机来决定。该计算机对所接收到的信息进行加工处理之后，再把它传递给管理委员会和另一台相当于中央生产控制器具备特殊效能的计算机。)

解析：

3.The sciences are differentiated precisely on the basis of the particular contradictions inherent in their respective objects of study. Thus the contradiction peculiar to a certain field of phenomena constitutes the object of study for a specific branch of science. For example, positive and negative numbers in mathematics; action and reaction in mechanics; positive and negative electricity in physics; dissociation and combination in chemistry; forces of production and relations of production, classes and class struggle, in social science; offence and defence in military science; idealism and materialism , the metaphysical outlook and the dialectical outlook, in philosophy; and so on—all these are the objects of study of different branches of science precisely because each branch has its own particular contradiction and particular essence. （分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：科学研究的不同，体现在即使是在一门独立学科的研究之下，其内在也存在很多特殊的矛盾性。因此，某一现象的领域存在的特有矛盾构成了一门具体学科的研究对象。例如，数学领域的正数与负数，机械学中的作用与反作用，物理学中的阴电与阳电，化学中的化分与化合，社会科学中的生产力与生产关系、阶级和阶级的互相斗争，军事学中的攻击与防御，哲学中的唯心论与唯物论、形而上学观与辩证法观等等，都是因为每一学科具有特殊的矛盾和特殊的本质，才构成了不同学科的研究对象。) 解析：

4.Almost 40 years ago, when Lyndon Johnson declared war on poverty, a family with a car and a Dutch Colonial in the suburbs felt prosperous and, in the face of the president"s call to action, magnanimous. Poverty seemed far away, in the shanties of the South or the worst pockets of urban blight. Today that same family may well feel impoverished, overwhelmed by credit-card debt, a second mortgage and the cost of the stuff that has become the backbone of American life. When the middle class feels poor, the poor have little chance for change, or even recognition. Does anyone think twice about the woman who turns down the spread on the hotel bed?

（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：大约四十年前，当林登·约翰逊向贫穷宣战时，那些在郊区有车有房的富裕家庭，