2014年6月英语四级考试(新题型)模拟试卷(1)
2014年6月大学英语_四级考试真题_第一套_题目+答案
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.C) The man had better talk with the students himself.D)New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.B) The woman is waiting for a call.C) The woman is doing some repairs.D) The man knows the mechanic very well.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) She had a job interview to attend.B) She was busy finishing her project.C) She had to attend an important meeting.D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.D) Help her roommate with her report.11. A) W here Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.14. A) It is an awful waste of time.B) He finds it rather unbearable.C) The time on the train is enjoyable.D) It is something difficult to get used to.15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
14年英语专业四级考试模拟试卷
PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) 1、听录⾳：{MP3:/imgcache/attached/media/20140302/20140302170353_9863.mp3} 回答1-1题： Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading,which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings,the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on .PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 MIN) SECTION A CONVERSATIONS 2、听录⾳，回答以下问题： Why do people need to do arm exercises? A．Because their arms are too fat． B．Because their arms are too flabby． C．Because arm exercises can help lower the blood pressure． D．Because ann exercises can keep them healthy．3、The woman got information about arm exercises from A．an article B．a friend C．a TV program D．a lecture4、 The purpose of adding leg exercises to arm exercises is to A．compensate for a problem brought by arm exercises B．make the whole body balanced C．prevent fatigue ~ D．lose weight5、 Which of the following is recommended by experts? A．Riding bicycles for a long distance． B．Walking vigorously with arm weights． C．Weight lifting． D．Arm stretching．6、听录⾳，回答以下问题： People are more likely to make a purchase A．when they spend less time in a drugstore B．when they have very little time in a department store C．when they have a lot of time in a drugstore D．when they spend very little time in any stores7、 Which of the following statements about the woman is TRUE? A．She often goes in a drugstore just looking around．B．She prefers making purchase in a department store． C．She will buy something every time in a store． D．She sometimes talks herself out of buying something in a store．8、 What does the man say about people who shop quickly?． A．They may buy items of low quality． B．They may buy items at higher prices C．They do not like shopping． D．They are making specific purchases．9、听录⾳，回答以下问题： The two speakers are mainly talking about____________ A．their purchase in a supermarket B．their part-time jobs C．the yard work D．drawbacks of having a part-time job10、 Which of the following does,NOT the woman do? A．Trimming fresh fruit． B．Wrapping fresh vegetables．C．Stocking shelves． D．Sweeping the rio'ors．11、 What do both of them agree? A．It is always nice to work outdoors． B．It is easy to make a balance between part-time job and study． C．Holding a part-time job has more merits than drawbacks． D．Holding a part-time job is helpful for them to pay tuition． SECTION B PASSAGES 12、听录⾳，回答以下问题： How do Americans ensure proper respect for the national flag? A．By making laws． B．By enforcing discipline． C．By educating the public． D．By holding ceremonies．13、 What is the regulation regarding the raising of the American national flag? ． A．It should be raised by soldiers． B．It should be raised quickly by hand． C．It should be raised only by Americans． D．It should be raised by mechanical means．14、 How should the American national flag be displayed at an unveiling ceremony?． A．It should be attached to the status． B．It should be hung from the top of the monument． C．It should be spread over the object to be unveiled． D．It should be carried high up in the air．15、 What do we learn from the use of the American national flag? A．There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flag． B．The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flag． C．There are precise regulations and customs to be followed． D．Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefs．16、听录⾳，回答以下问题： The talk is mainly about__________ A．the importance of eating a good breakfast B．a new reduction plan C．the daily requirement of nultrients D．problems brought by dieting17、 What is NOT a key element of a balanced meal? A．Proteins． B．Fats． C．Vitamins． D．Sugar．18、 A constant supply of nutrients for dieters' body requires __________ A．enough vitamin only B．a variety of foods C．a rich breakfast D．enough food19、听录⾳，回答以下问题： Which day is originally the first day of a week? A．Monday． B．Friday． C．Saturday．D．Sunday．20、 The word "weekend" came into being in English in about __________ A．1800s B．1850s C．1920s D．1930s21、 The speaker implies the workweek in England in early 1800s __________ A．was from Sunday to Friday B．was from Monday to Friday C．was from Monday to Saturday D．was from Monday to ThursdaySECTION C NEWS BROADCAST 22、听录⾳，回答以下问题： Nigeria's election was __________ according to most foreign observers． A．democratic B．unfair C．out of control D．in perfect order23、听录⾳，回答以下问题： Sheikh Hasina insisted that she should A．be set free B．be irmoeent C．be Prime Minister of Bangladesh D．return to Bangladesh24、 Sheikh Hasina was charged with murdering A．4 protestors B．4 soldiers C．5 subordinates D．5 political enemies25、听录⾳，回答以下问题： How many people have fled their homes in Mogadishu? A．About 20,000． B．About 200,000． C．About 2,000,000． D．About 20,000,000．26、 Which of the following details about the news is INCORRECT? A．There has been a fighting in Somalia． B．Many people are injured． C．Diseases have broken out． D．Aid will come soon．27、听录⾳，回答以下问题： All of the following disasters happened in Russia recently EXCEPT? A．a plane crash B．a mine explosion C．a terrorist attack D．a nursing home fire28、 How many people were killed in the mine explosion? A．177． B．3． C．More than 3． D．More than 100．29、听录⾳，回答以下问题： What might heln control global warming according to American researehers7 A．Planting more trees． B．Cutting down trees in snow regions． C．Melting snow． D．Growing flowers of a certain species．30、听录⾳，回答以下问题： What is the news mainly about? A．A cricket match． B．A soccer match． C．A basketball match． D．A tennis match．31、 Why was this match special? A．Because it turned out to be a draw at last． B．Because it did not end in spite of the death of a player C．Because it was the last international match of a famous player． D．Because it was a match between two strongest teams． PART Ⅲ CLOZE (15 MIN) 32、根据以下资料，回答32-51题： Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks． Mark the best choice for each blank on AnsWer Sheet Two．Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments．First, a human gmnea pig is tested using a 31 tool． Measurements are taken 32 the amount of work done, an the buildup of heat in the body．33 joints and stretched muscles cannot 34 as well, it has been found, 35 joints and muscles in their 36 positions．The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr．Tiehauer． All these tests have shown the great 37 of the new designs over the old． One of the electronic instruments used by Dr．Tichauer, the myograph (肌动描计器), 38 visible through electrical signals the work done by htmaan muscle．Another machine39 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 40 to base a new design．One 41 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 42 and safer to use than one with four legs． This work has 43 the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far 44 that．Dr．Tiehauer's first 45 is for the health of the tool user．With the 46 use of the same tool all day long on 47 lines and in other jobs, even light 48 work can put a heavy stress on one small area ofthebody．Intime, such stress can cause a disabling disease．49 , muscle fatigue is a serious safety 50．请在第(31)处选择正确答案_______ A．regular B．usual C．common D．constant33、请在第(32)处选择正确答案_______ A．in B．with C．by D．of34、请在第(33)处选择正确答案_______ A．Distracted B．Twisted C．Exaggerated D．Tilted35、请在第(34)处选择正确答案_______ A．act B．demonstrate C．behave D．perform36、请在第(35)处选择正确答案_______ A．as B．for C．than D．that37、请在第(36)处选择正确答案_______ A．average B．normal C．standard D．routine38、请在第(37)处选择正确答案_______ A．increase B．rise C．improvement D．inclination39、请在第(38)处选择正确答案_______ A．caused B．made C．resulted D．imposed40、请在第(39)处选择正确答案_______ A．evaluates B．estimates C．measures D．counts41、请在第(40)处选择正确答案_______ A．which B．that C．what D．it42、请在第(41)处选择正确答案_______ A．inference B．conclusion C．summary D．investigation43、请在第(42)处选择正确答案_______ A．firm B．solid C．steady D．stable44、请在第(43)处选择正确答案_______ A．absorbed B．acquired C．attracted D．assimilated45、请在第(44)处选择正确答案_______ A．over B．above C．out D．beyond46、请在第(45)处选择正确答案_______ A．focus B．view C．perspective D．thought47、请在第(46)处选择正确答案_______ A．repeated B．repeating C．reciting D．recited48、请在第(47)处选择正确答案_______ A．product B．production C．progress D．proceeding49、请在第(48)处选择正确答案_______ A．hand B．labor C．manual D．mind50、请在第(49)处选择正确答案_______ A．However B．Lastly C．Beside D．Furthermore51、请在第(50)处选择正确答案_______ A．hazard B．factor C．effect D．occasion PART Ⅳ GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN) 52、The world's greatest sporting event, the Olympic Games,-upholds the amateur ideal that__________matters is not winning but participating． A．anything B．it C．what D．everything53、 All __________is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life． A．what is needed B．for our needs C．the thing need D．that is needed54、 There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than __________ in the public mind today．A．exists B．exist C．existing D．existed55、 __________ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Ages． A．It is the sun and not the earth B．Being the sun and not the earth C．The sun and not the earth D．That the sun and not the earth56、 Hydrogen is the fundamental element of the universe __________it provides the building blocks from which the other elements are produced． A．so that B．but that C．in that D．provided that57、 Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed __________ A．had produced B．have been produced C．would have produced D．had been produced58、 His first novel "Night" was an account of the Nazi crimes __________through the eyes ofa teenaged boy． A．as seen B．which saw C．but was seen D．and were seen59、 The company__________a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet． A．is promised B．has been promising C．is promising D．promised60、 I appreciated__________the opportunity to study abroad two years ago． A．having been given B．having given C．to have been given D．to have given61、 The information was later admitted __________from unreliable sources． A．that it was obtained B．to be obtained C．that it has been obtained D．to have been obtained62、 If you __________ Jerry Brown until recently, you'd think the photograph on the right was strange． A．shouldn't contact B．didn't contact C．weren't to contact D．hadn't contacted63、 Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it__________ in religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference． A．is to be analyzed B．has been analyzed C．be analyzed D．should have been analyzed64、 Here is the English grammar book which, __________I have told you, will help to improve your English． A．which B．as C．that D．like65、 Do help yourself to some drink, __________you? A．can't B．don't C．wouldn't D．won't66、 He had__________on the subject． A．a rather strong opinion B．rather strong opinion C．rather the strong opinion D．the rather strong opinion67、 They have always regarded a man of__________ and fairness as a reliable friend． A．robustness B．temperament C．integrity D．compactness68、 The fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to __________ the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported． A．decrease B．subtract C．minimize D．degrade69、 It is very strange but I had an __________ that the plane would crash． A．inspiration B．intuiition C．imagination D．incentive70、 Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when __________ in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door． A．gliding B．cruising C．piloting D．patrolling。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试新题型预测试卷-16920
20Passage Two Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. A) The art of Japanese brush painting. C) Characteristics of Japanese artists. B) Some features of Japanese culture. D) The uniqueness of Japanese art.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
二、听力部分(共3题，合计249分)
听力部分暂无录音 但配有听力原文 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案参考
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题及答案参考Part ⅠTapescript of Listening ComprehensionSection A1. M: Excuse me, could you tell me where Dr. Brown’s office is?W: The doctor’s office is on the fifth floor, but the elevator can only go to the fourth. So you’ll have to use the stairs to reach there. It’s the seventh room on the left.Q: On which floor is the doctor’s office?2. M: Did you hear about the computer that John bought from Morris?W: He got a bargain（便宜货）,didn’t he?Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3. W: You r sister Jane didn’t recognize me at first.M: I’m not surprised. Why on earth don’t you lose some weight?Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?4. M: Between the two houses we saw yesterday, which one do you prefer?W: I think the white one is prettier, but the brick one has a bigger yard, so I like it better.Q: Which house does the woman prefer?5. M: It sure is hot today. This must be the hottest summer in years.W: Well, it’s certainly hotter than last summer. I was out in the sun today, and I think I’m five pounds lighter than I was this morning.Q: What does the woman mean?6. M: I heard the student bus was overturned（翻倒）in a traffic accident.W: Yes, and what’s more, no one on the bus was not injured.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. W: Hello, Robert. What are you doing here? Drawing money?M: No. I only want to put some money in my deposit account（储蓄账户）. Not very much, but I’m trying to save.Q: What is the man doing?8. M: Oh, no, I am not lazy. You should have seen my school report! They said I was reliable, industrious and conscientious.W: Well, teachers nowadays expect too little.Q: What does the woman think of teachers nowadays?9. W: Don’t worry about it, Stanley. There’s nothing we can do now.M: I can’t help it, Stella. If I’d been thinking, this wouldn’t have happened.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?10. M: You look very nice in this dress. Perhaps the waist is little too tight. Would you like to try a size larger?W: Well, the style isn’t quite what I had in mi nd. Thank you anyway.Q: Why didn’t the woman buy the dress?Part ⅡReading ComprehensionPassage One这是一篇人文类说明文。
2014年6月大学英语四级真题试卷第一套+详细解答+听力原文
2014年6月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）全部题型 1.Writing2.Listening Comprehension3. 4.Reading Com prehension5.TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the following question.You should write at least120words but no more than180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown,what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A2．A．See a doctor about her strained shoulder.B．Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.C．Replace the cupboard with a new one.D．Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.3．A．At Mary Johnson's.B．At a painter's studio.C．In an exhibition hall.D．Outside an art gallery.4．A．The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B．She does not quite agree with what the man said.C．The man had better talk with the students himself. D．New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.5．A．He helped Doris build up the furniture. B．Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C．Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D．He was good at assembling bookshelves.6．A．He doesn't get on with the others.B．He doesn't feel at ease in the firm.C．He has been taken for a fool.D．He has found a better position.7．A．They should finish the work as soon as possible. B．He will continue to work in the garden himself.C．He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D．They can hire a gardener to do the work.8．A．The man has to get rid of the used furniture. B．The man's apartment is ready for rent.C．The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D．The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.9．A．The man will give the mechanic a call. B．The woman is waiting for a call.C．The woman is doing some repairs.D．The man knows the mechanic very well.10．A．She had a job interview to attend.B．She was busy finishing her project.C．She had to attend an important meeting.D．She was in the middle of writing an essay. 11．A．Accompany her roommate to the classroom. B．Hand in her roommate's application form. C．Submit her roommate's assignment. D．Help her roommate with her report.12．A．Where Dr.Ellis's office is located. B．When Dr.Ellis leaves his office. C．Directions to the classroom building. D．Dr.Ellis's schedule for the afternoon.13．A．He finds it rather stressful.B．He is thinking of quitting it.C．He can handle it quite well.D．He has to work extra hours.14．A．The6:00one.B．The6:30one.C．The7:00one.D．The7:30one.15．A．It is an awful waste of time.B．He finds it rather unbearable.C．The time on the train is enjoyable.D．It is something difficult to get used to.16．A．Reading newspapers.B．Chatting with friends.C．Listening to the daily news.D．Planning the day's work.Section B17．A．Ignore small details while reading.B．Read at least several chapters at one sitting. C．Develop a habit of reading critically.D．Get key information by reading just once or twice.18．A．Choose one's own system of marking. B．Underline the key words and phrases.C．Make as few marks as possible.D．Highlight details in a red color.19．A．By reading the textbooks carefully again. B．By reviewing only the marked parts.C．By focusing on the notes in the margins.D．By comparing notes with their classmates.20．A．The sleep a person needs varies from day to day. B．The amount of sleep for each person is similar. C．One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep. D．Everybody needs some sleep for survival.21．A．It is a made-up story.B．It is beyond cure.C．It is a rare exception.D．It is due to an accident.22．A．His extraordinary physical condition.B．His mother's injury just before his birth.C．The unique surroundings of his living place.D．The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.23．A．She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B．She learned to write for financial newspapers.C．She developed a strong interest in finance.D．She tenderly looked after her sick mother.24．A．She made a wise investment in real estate.B．She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C．She got7.5million dollars from her ex-husband.D．She inherited a big fortune from her father.25．A．She was extremely mean with her money.B．She was dishonest in business dealings.C．She frequently ill-treated her employees.D．She abused animals including her pet dog.26．A．She made a big fortune from wise investment.B．She built a hospital with her mother's money.C．She made huge donations to charities.D．She carried on her family's tradition.Section CAmong the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are【B1】______in form but different in meaning in the two cultures.For example,a Colombian who wants someone to【B2】______him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped,point downward as they move rapidly【B3】______.Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely,but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away,quite the【B4】______of the Colombian gesture.Again,in Colombia,a speaker of English would have to know that when he【B5】______height he must choosebetween different gestures depending on whether he is【B6】______a human being or an animal.If he keeps the palm of the hand【B7】______the floor,as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child,for example,he will very likely be greeted by laughter;in Colombia this gesture is 【B8】______for the description of animals.In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand【B9】______to the floor.Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also【B10】______moments.In both of the examples above,speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture,physically,but its meaning differs sharply.27．【B1】28．【B2】29．【B3】30．【B4】31．【B5】32．【B6】33．【B7】34．【B8】35．【B9】36．【B10】Part III Reading ComprehensionSection AMany Brazilians cannot read.In2000,a quarter of those aged15and older were functionally illiterate(文盲).Many【C1】______do not want to.Only one literate adult in three reads books.The【C2】______Brazilian reads1.8non-academic books a year,less than half the figure in Europe and the United States.In a recent survey of reading habits,Brazilians came27th out of30 countries.Argentines,their neighbors,【C3】______18th.The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this.On March13the government【C4】______a National Plan for Books and Reading.This seeks to boost reading,by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.One discouragement to reading is that books are【C5】______.Most books have small print-runs,pushing up their price.But Brazilians'indifference to books has deeper roots.Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long【C6】______education.Primary schooling became universal only in the1990s.All this means Brazil's book market has the biggest growth【C7】______in the western world.But reading is a difficult habit to form.Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004,89million,including textbooks【C8】______by the government,than they did st year the director of Brazil's national library【C9】______.He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites(白蚁)had eaten much of the【C10】______.That ought to be a cause for national shame.A)average I)normalB)collection J)particularlyC)distributed K)potentialD)exhibition L)quitE)expensive M)rankedF)launched N)simplyG)named O)treasuredH)neglected37．【C1】38．【C2】39．【C3】40．【C4】41．【C5】42．【C6】43．【C7】44．【C8】45．【C9】46．【C10】Section BThe Touch-Screen GenerationA)On a chilly day last spring,a few dozen developers of children's apps(应用程序)for phones and tablets(平板电脑)gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey,California,to show off their games.The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner,a longtime reviewer of interactive children's media.Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall's second story,while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe(敬畏)and delight.But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxesof candy.I walked around and talked with developers,and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori's,"The hands are the instruments of man's intelligence."B)What,really,would Maria Montessori have made of this scene?The30or so children here were not down at the shore poking(戳)their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells.Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three,their faces a few inches from a screen,their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C)In2011,the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media.In1999,the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than2,citing research on brain development that showed this age group's critical need for"direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers."The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then.In2006,90%of parents said that their children younger than2consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless,the group took largely the same approach it did in1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use,on any type of screen,for these kids.(For older children,the academy noted,"high-quality programs"could have"educational benefits.")The2011report mentioned"smart cell phone" and"new screen"technologies,but did not address interactive apps.Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those90%of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping(在电子产品上刷)fingers.D)I had come to the developers'conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents,enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem,that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy's ideals, and at some level do not want to.Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren't ready to address.E)I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds,an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling.She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four.I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen.What games did her kids like to play,I asked,hoping for suggestions I could take home."They don't play all that much."Really?Why not?"Because I don't allow it.We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it's clearlyeducational."No screen time?None at all?That seems at the outer edge of restrictive,even by the standards ofovercontrolling parents."On the weekends,they can play.I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop.Enough."F)Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides.Another said Wednesdays and weekends,for half an hour.The most permissive said half an hour a day,which was about my rule at home.At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids,and his family.The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair,so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch.When she saw me watching,she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged."At home," she assured me,"I only let her watch movies in Spanish."G)By their reactions,these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives,American parents are becoming more,not less,distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not,for parents,translated into comfort and ease.On the one hand,parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate(航行)all their lives;on the other hand,they fear that too much digital media,too early,will sink them.Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical(外科的)instruments,devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some great robotics competition—but only if they are used just so.Otherwise,their child could end up one of those sad,pale creatures who can't make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world.H)Norman Rockwell,a20th-century artist,never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen,and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene.Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences—that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged(放纵的)will add up to some permanent handicap(障碍)in the future—and you have deep guilt and confusion.To date,no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese,or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system—the device has been out for only three years,not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects.So what is a parent to do?47．The author attended the conference,hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.48．American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.49．Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.50．The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids'screen time.51．Research shows interaction with people is key to babies'brain development.52．So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.53．American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids'interpersonal relationships.54．The author expected developers of children's apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.55．The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.56．The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section CWhen young women were found to make only82percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college,many were at a loss to explain it.All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids,for example,or that they don't seek as many management roles—failed to justify this one. These young women didn't have kids yet.And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees,few of these women yet had the chance to go after(much less decline)leadership roles.But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent.The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees,the university experience is still an unequal one.The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students'years on campus.Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded,one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place.It is not.Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school,they start to trail off during their college years.They enroll in different kinds of classes,tend to major in less rigorous(非常严格的)subjects,and generally head off with less ambitious plans.As a result,it's not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage.Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused,still stumbling(栽倒)over the dilemmas their grandmothers'generation sought to destroy.Are they supposed to be pretty or smart?Strong or sexy(性感的)?All their lives,today's young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion—to pursue science and sports, math and theater—and do it all as well as they possibly can.No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school.They are too exhausted,and too scared of failing.57．Traditionally,it is believed that women earn less than men because______. A．they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB．they do not feel as fit for management rolesC．they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD．they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities58．What does the author say about America's higher education system?A．It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B．It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C．It does not take care of women students'special needs.D．It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.59．What does the author say about today's college experience?A．It is different for male and female students.B．It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C．It is more exhausting than most women expect.D．It is not so satisfying to many American students.60．What does the author say about women students in college?A．They have no idea how to bring out their best.B．They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C．They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D．They don't perform as well as they did in high school.61．How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?A．Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B．Women are not ready to take management roles.C．Women are caught between career and family.D．Women are not good at negotiating salaries.Reading leadership literature,you'd sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.I don't believe that to be true.In fact,I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to(追求)leadership in the first place.We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge.Whether it's a decision-making session,a basketball game,or a family outing,they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life.They believe they're natural born leaders.Truth is,they're nothing of the sort.True leaders don't assume that it's their divine(神圣的)right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite.A great leader will assess each situation on its merits,and will only take charge when their position,the situation,and/or the needs of the moment demand it.Many business executives confuse leadership with action.They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct.Faced withany situation that can't be solved by the sheer force of activity,they generate a dust cloud of impatience.Their one leadership tool is volume:if they think you aren't working as hard as they think you should,their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.True leaders understand the value of action,of course,but it isn't their only tool.In fact,it isn't even their primary tool.Great leaders see more than everyone else:answers,solutions,patterns,problems,opportunities.They know it's vitally important to do,but they also know that thinking,understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally important.If you're too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes,then you aren't leading at all, you're dictating.A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.62．What does the author think of the leaders he knows?A．Many of them are used to taking charge.B．Few of them are equal to their positions.C．Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.D．Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.63．Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?A．They believe they have the natural gift to lead.B．They believe in what leadership literature says.C．They have proved competent in many situations.D．They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.64．What characterizes a great leader according to the author?A．Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves. B．Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities. C．Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses. D．Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge. 65．How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?A．They reassess the situation at hand.B．They become impatient and rude.C．They resort to any tool available.D．They blame their team members.66．What is the author's advice to leaders?A．Concentrate on one specific task at a time.B．Use different tools to achieve different goals.C．Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.D．Show determination when faced with tough tasks.PartⅣTranslation67．中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2％。
2014大学英语四级考试模拟试卷
Part I Writing(30 minutes) 1、Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled University Students, Pursuit of Famous Brands．You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words according to the outline given below in Chinese．Write your essay on Answer Sheet l． 1．⼤学校园⾥学⽣追求的现象越来越常见； 2．很多⼈对此很反对； 3．你的看法。
1、听录⾳，回答1-36题点击播放 A．Children learn by example． B．Children must not tell lies． C．Children don’t like discipline． D．Children must control their temper．2、 A．Wait for the sale to start． B．Get further information about the sale． C．Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true． D．Buy a new suit．3、 A．The woman doesn’t think it exciting to travel by air． B．They’ll stay at home during the holidays． C．They are offered some plane tickets for their holidays． D．They’ll be flying somewhere for their vacation．4、 A．Near the stairs． B．On the platform． C．At the ticket office． D．At the information desk．5、 A．He doesn’t think that John is ill． B．He is aware that John is ill． C．He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health． D．He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics．6、 A．He could help her with the problems． B．He could go out together with her． C．She should go out for a while．D．She should do the problems herself．7、 A．Australian and American． B．Guest and host． C．Husband and wife． D．Professor and student．8、 A．Because she can’t watch TV． B．Because her ears were hurt． C．Because she can’t hear the words on the telephone． D．Because her eyes were hurt． 9、Conversation One. 听材料，回答下列问题 A．It needs cleaning． B．It needs regular servicing． C．It needs a new bakery． D．It was ruined by water．10、 A．$3．99． B．$5．50． C．$6．99． D．$9．50． 11、 A．The shop guarantees the bakery for a year． B．The man will clean it without extra． C．The man can repair watches very quickly． D．The shop is offering a special discount．12、Conversation Two. 听材料，回答下列问题 A．Tourism． B．Business studies． C．Information technology．D．English．13、 A．Contrasting negotiation styles． B．Studying information technology． C．Contrasting cultures． D．Studying international trade．14、 A．Classmates． B．Colleagues． C．Teacher and student． D．Customers．15、 A．English for Special Purpose． B．Electronic Stability Program． C．Extrasensory Perception．D．Electrosensitive Programming．16、Passage One. 听材料，回答下列问题 A．The importance of advertisement． B．The society’S great need of advertisement． C．The origin of advertisement． D．The prosperity of advertisement．17、 A．The local governments． B．Their owners’families． C．Advertisements． D．The audience．18、 A．Advertising is personal． B．Advertisements are convincin9． C．Advertisements are unreliable．D．Advertisements are misleadin9．19、Passage Two. 听材料，回答下列问题 A．They share certain traditional customs． B．They share certain travel places． C．They share certain traditional foods． D．They share the traditional music．20、 A．They will exchange rings． B．They will exchange presents． C．They will exchange promises． D．They will exchange flowers．21、 A．To hold a reception party． B．To have a big dinner． C．To congratulate on the couple． D．To shower the couple with rice．22、Passage Three. 听材料，回答下列问题 A．It resembles the biological virus． B．It works the same way as the human virus． C．It influences the human as the biological viruses do． D．It spreads to people who use the infected computers．23、 A．They invade the computer and make it a place for manufacturing． B．They spread throughout the whole system by quickly copying themselves． C．They infect the hard disc and the whole system． D．They spread viruses inside the computer system．24、 A．It is a virus that causes great damage． B．It is a virus that once infected the IBM’s computer system． C．It is a virus that carries a Christmas greeting． D．It is a virus that causes no harm to the computer systems．25、 A．It can cause no damages at all． B．It can cause damages to the computer systems． C．It can copy your files in computers． D．It can format your hard drive．27、听材料，回答下列问题 Crime is increasing worldwide．There is every reason to believe the______26______will continue through the next few decades．Crime rates have always been high in multicultural industrialized societies such as the United States，but a new______27______has appeared on the world______28______—rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few______29______．Street crimes such as robbery，rape，______30______，and auto theft are clearly rising，______31______in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United Kingdom．What is driving this crime______32______?There are no simple answers．Still，there are certain conditions______33______with rising crime：increasing heterogeneity of population，greater cultural pluralism，higher immigration，democratization of governments，changing nationalborders，greater______34______growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong．These conditions are increasingly observable around the world．For instance，cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous(同种类的)，such as Japan，Denmark，and Greece，are now facing the sort of cultural______35______that has been common in America for most of its history．Multiculturalism can be a rewarding，enriching experience，but it can also lead to a clash of values．Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century,and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems．第(26)题__________ 28、第(27)题__________29、第(28)题__________30、第(29)题__________31、第(30)题__________32、第(31)题__________33、第(32)题__________34、第(33)题__________35、第(34)题__________35、第(35)题__________27、听材料，回答下列问题 Crime is increasing worldwide．There is every reason to believe the______26______will continue through the next few decades．Crime rates have always been high in multicultural industrialized societies such as the United States，but a new______27______has appeared on the world______28______—rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few______29______．Street crimes such as robbery，rape，______30______，and auto theft are clearly rising，______31______in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the United Kingdom．What is driving this crime______32______?There are no simple answers．Still，there are certain conditions______33______with rising crime：increasing heterogeneity of population，greater cultural pluralism，higher immigration，democratization of governments，changing nationalborders，greater______34______growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong．These conditions are increasingly observable around the world．For instance，cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous(同种类的)，such as Japan，Denmark，and Greece，are now facing the sort of cultural______35______that has been common in America for most of its history．Multiculturalism can be a rewarding，enriching experience，but it can also lead to a clash of values．Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century,and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems．第(26)题__________ 28、第(27)题__________29、第(28)题__________30、第(29)题__________31、第(30)题__________32、第(31)题__________33、第(32)题__________34、第(33)题__________35、第(34)题__________35、第(35)题__________ 36、Questions 36-46 are based on thefollowingpassage． The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U．S．society in many ways．Many in-home jobs that used to bedone______36______by women—ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing______37______work—still need to be done by someone．Husbands and children now do some of these jobs，a______38______that has changed the target market for many products．Or a working woman may face a crushing“poverty of time”and look for help elsewhere，creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals，child care centers，dry cleaners，financial services，and the like． Although there is still a big wage______39______between men and women，the income workingwomen______40______gives them new independence and buying power．For example，womennow______41______about half of all cars．Not long ago，many cars dealers______42______women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands．Now car companies have realized that womenare______43______customers．It’s interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first t0______44______ pay attention to women customers．In Japan．fewer women have jobs or buy cars——the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented．Perhaps it was the______45______contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers． A．scale B．retailed C．generate D．extreme E．technically F．affordable G．situation H．really I．potential J．gap K．voluntary L．excessive M．insulted N．purchase O．primarily第(36)题__________37、第(37)题__________ 38、第(38)题__________ 39、第(39)题__________ 40、第(40)题__________ 41、第(41)题__________ 42、第(42)题__________ 43、第(43)题__________ 44、第(44)题__________ 45、第(45)题__________ 46、回答46-57题：。
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题含答案
2014年大学英语四级模拟试题含答案听力部分短对话1. D) providing good education for baby boomers。
2. D) Students’performance declined。
3. D) They are mostly small in size。
4. D) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones。
5. C) their college-level test participation。
6. B) Their school performance was getting worse。
7. A) maintain closer relationships with their teachers。
8. Simplicity9. different measures10. tough subjects11.M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside。
W: The door into the family room isn’t big enough. Could it be made wider?Q: What are the speakers doing?【答案】D) Discussing a housing plan。
此题为简单的推理题。
从drawing，kitchen等关键词可知，两人正在看房间的图纸，并讨论希望family room能够再大点。
12.M: I’m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara?W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC? Frankly, I’ve had enough of our canteen food。
2014年6月英语四级真题答案及解析（卷一）
2014年6⽉英语四级真题答案及解析（卷⼀）2014年6⽉⼤学英语六级考试真题(⼀)答案与详解PartⅠWriting审题思路本次作⽂⼀改往年常考的三段式议论⽂、图表作⽂和名⾔评述作⽂题型,设定虚拟情景，要求考⽣描述某处景点，考⽣应该把重点放在说明选取这⼀景点的原因上，也就是说明其独特性上。
仔细分析可知,本⽂依旧可以分三部分展开。
考⽣⾸先应回答“what”的问题,即去什么地⽅游玩;其次，考⽣应回答“Why”的问题，即推荐该地点的缘由;最后,考⽣需要做简要的总结。
写作提纲⼀、回答“what”，说明去某地游玩(take vacation,on the top of my list)⼆、回答“why”，描述某地的独特之处：1、以泰⼭为例(Mount Tai)2、泰⼭的独特之处(spectacularity,sacredness,hope and auspiciousness)三、简要总结：1、探访泰⼭很有意义（engagement in ancient culture and contemporaiy prosperity)2、表达愿望(wonderful experience)范⽂点评全⽂翻译泰⼭之旅欣闻我的外国朋友⽐尔要来我的家乡度假。
由于我在英国曾受到⽐尔的热情款待，我将带他四处看看家乡的风景。
在所有风景中，泰⼭⽆疑是⾸选之地。
⼏个世纪前，孔⼦登上泰⼭之巅，发出登泰⼭⽽⼩天下之感叹;在现代，每个⼈必定会去欣赏泰⼭的壮丽和神圣。
泰⼭不仅仅是⼀座⼭，她还象征着希望与祥瑞，体现了深厚的⽂化。
此外，泰⼭被看作是如此神圣，以⾄于⼏乎每位古代帝王都会到这⾥祭祀天地,祈求国家昌盛、国泰民安。
登泰⼭不仅是⼀次登⼭远⾜，还是⼀次亲⾝体验古代⽂化和现代繁荣的旅⾏。
因此，我向你保证你⼀定会喜欢这次美妙的旅⾏的。
PartⅡListening ComprehensionSection A1.W:I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.M：Oh.Why don’t you use the ladder?You might strain your shoulder.Q：What does the man suggest the woman do?1.A)See a doctor about her strained shoulder.C)Replace the cupboard with a new one.B)Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.D)Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.【预测】四个选项都是动词短语，由此可推断该题会对建议或计划进⾏提问。
2014年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
2014年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2014年6月英语四级真题及答案第一套
Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.1.A) See a doctor about her trained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reachthe tea.C). Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelfnext time.2.A) At Mary Johnson’s. B)At a painter’s studio.C)In an exhibition hall. D)Outside an art gallery.3.A)The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B)She does not quite agree with what the man said.C)The man had better talk with the students himself.D)New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.4.A)He helped Doris build up the furniture. B)Doris helped him arrange thefurniture.C)Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves. D)He was good at assemblingbookshelves.5.A)He doesn’t get on with the others. B)He doesn’t feel at ease in thefirm.C)He has been taken for fool. D)He has found a better position.6.A)They should finish the work as soon as possible.B)He will continue to work in the garden himself.C)He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D)They can hire a gardener to do the work.7.A)The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B)The man’s apartment is ready for rent.C)The furniture is covered of lot’s of dust.D)The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.8.A)The man will give the mechanic a call. B)The woman is waiting for a call.C)The woman is doing some repairs. D)The man knows the mechanic very well. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)She had a job interview to attend. B)She was busy finishing her project.C)She had to attend an important meeting. D)She was in the middle of Writingan essay.10.A)Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B).Hand in her roommate’s application formC)Submit her roommate’s assignment.D)Help her roommate with her report.11.A)Where Dr.Elli’s office is located. B)When Dr.Ellis leaves his office.C)Directions to the classroom building. D)Dr.Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)He finds it rather stressful. B)He is thinking of quitting it.C)He can handle it quite well. D)He has to work extra hours.13.A)The 6:00 one. B)The 6:30 one.C)The 7:00 one. D)The 7:30 one.14.A)It is an awful waste of time. B)He finds it rather unbearable.C)The time on the train is enjoyable. D)It is something difficult to getused to.15.A)Reading newspapers. B)Chatting with friends.C).Listening to the daily news. D).Planning the day’s work.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Ignore small details while reading.B)Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C)Develop a habit of reading critically.D)Get key information by reading just once or twice.17.A)Choose one’s own system of marking.B)Underline the key words and phrases.C)Make as few marks as possible.D)Highlight details in a red color.18.A)By reading the textbooks carefully again.B)By reviewing only the marked parts.C)By focusing on the notes in the margins.D)By comparing notes with their classmates.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.B)The amount of sleep for each person is similar.C)One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.D)Everybody needs some sleep survival.20.A)It is a made-up story. B)It is beyond cure.C)It is rare exception. D)It is due to an accident.21.A)His extraordinary physical condition.B)His mother’s injury just before his birth.C)The unique surroundings of his living place.D)The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B)She learned to write for financial newspapers.C).She developed a strong interest in finance.D)She tenderly looked after her sick mother.23.A)She made a wise investment in real estate.B)She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C)She got 7.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.D)She inherited a big investment in real estate.24.A)She was extremely mean with her money.B)She was dishonest in business dealings.C)She frequently ill-treated her employees.D)She abused animals including her pet dog.25.A)She made a big fortune from wise investment.B)She built a hospital with her mother’s money.C)She made huge donations to charities.D)She carried on her family’s tradition.Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its generalidea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are requiredto fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what youhave written.Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second –language teachers are those which are 26 in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to 27 him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly 28 .Speakers of English have a similar gesture means goodbye or go away,Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38 to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1C and 6C over the next 100 years. The warming will be more 40 in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the 41 of this warming will be very different depending on where you are—coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable (宜居的) and 42 for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on 43 , everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists 44 that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random（无规律的） variation—some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years 45 --but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.The End Of The Book?A)Amazon, by far the largest booksellers in the country, reported on May 19 thatis now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format . That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B)Dose this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, andperhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go througha transformation in the next decade or some profound than any it has been sinceGutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C)Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass marketpaperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,”etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer.Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D)As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in thatthe purchasers are not the consumers, so the market ( and the marking ) is inherently strange.E)For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technologicalchange and see what happened to the old technology.F)One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better,chapter, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more thana middle-class house. Three were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450.By 1500 there were 10 million.G)But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, handwritinglingered on (继续存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H)Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts ofit while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I)Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TVdidn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons. J)Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“ Jack Benny,”) “Amos and Andy,”“The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because you can’t drivea car and watch television at the same time, rush hour become radio’s primetime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one. K)Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power.Mounted cavalry (骑兵) replaced the chariot (二轮战车) on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”L)Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不稳定的) at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passengers business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed.But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough ) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. ( The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)M)Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was percent in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment.I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of fire. Fire was one of the earliestmajor technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N)Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art an there is a tactile (触觉的) pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fire place on a cold winter’s night.O)For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplace, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.46.Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47.Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48.The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49.Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50.Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51.Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52.The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53.A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54.Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55.A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition (命题)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths )-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科) and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem:” Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A)STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B)The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C)The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D)Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A)Their interest in relevant subjects. B)The academic value of the courses.C)The quality of education to receive. D)Their chances of getting a good job.58.What does the author say about the so-called soft subjects?A)They benefit students in their future life.B)They broaden students’ range of interests.C)They improve students’ communication skills.D)They are essential to students’ healthy growth.59.What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A)Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B)Those who are good at solving practical problems.C)Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D)Those who have received a well-rounded education.60.What advice does the author give to college students.A)Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B)Try to take a variety of practical courses.C)Prepare themselves for different job options.D)Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and you never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence” and its rhetorical ( 修辞的 ) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep to our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle of biofuel (生物燃料) available，and more may become available，but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad, Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back impacts?Third, there are benefits to trade, It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61.What does the author say about energy independence for America?A)It sounds very attractive. B)It ensures national security.C)It will bring oil prices down. D)It has long been everyone’s dream.62.What does the author think of biofuels?A)They keep America’s economy running healthily.B)They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C)They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D)They cause serious damage to the environment.63.Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A)It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B)Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C)It wants to keep its own environment intact.D)Its own oil production falls short of demand.64.What does the author say about oil trade?A)It proves profitable to both sides.B)It improves economic efficiency.C)It makes for economic prosperity.D)It saves the cost of oil exploration.65.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A)To justify America’s dependence on oil imports.B)To arouse America’s awareness of the energy crisis.C)To stress the importance of energy conservation.D)To explain the increase of international oil trade.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元。
2014年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)
2014年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)
2014年6月英语四级考试真题试卷（1）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.2. A) At Mary Johnson's.B) At a painter's studio.C) In an exhibition hall.D) Outside an art gallery.3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.C) The man had better talk with the students himself.D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.5. A) He doesn't get on with the others.B) He doesn't feel at ease in the firm.C) He has been taken for a fool.D) He has found a better position.6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B) The man's apartment is ready for rent.C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.B) The woman is waiting for a call.C) The woman is doing some repairs.D) The man knows the mechanic very well.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) She had a job interview to attend.B) She was busy finishing her project.C) She had to attend an important meeting.D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B) Hand in her roommate's application form.C) Submit her roommate's assignment.D) Help her roommate with her report.11. A) Where Dr. Ellis's office is located.B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office.C) Directions to the classroom building.D) Dr. Ellis's schedule for the afternoon.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He finds it rather stressful.B) He is thinking of quitting it.C) He can handle it quite well.D) He has to work extra hours.13. A) The 6:00 one.B) The 6:30 one.C) The 7:00 one.D) The 7:30 one.14. A) It is an awful waste of time.B) He finds it rather unbearable.C) The time on the train is enjoyable.D) It is something difficult to get used to.15. A) Reading newspapers.B) Chatting with friends.C) Listening to the daily news.D) Planning the day's work.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. A) Ignore small details while reading.B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C) Develop a habit of reading critically.D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.17. A) Choose one's own system of marking,B) Underline the key words and phrases.C) Make as few marks as possible.D) Highlight details in a red color.18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.B) By reviewing only the marked parts.C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.D) By comparing notes with their classmates.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.20. A) It is a made-up story.B) It is beyond cure.C) It is a rare exception.D) It is due to an accident.21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.B) His mother's injury just before his birth.C) The unique surroundings of his living place.D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.C) She developed a strong interest in finance.D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.B) She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C) She got 7.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.B) She was dishonest in business dealings.C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.D) She abused animals including her pet dog.25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.B) She built a hospital with her mother's money.C) She made huge donations to charities.D) She carried on her family's tradition.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答.Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are __26__ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to __27__ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly __28__. Speakers of English have asimilar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the __29__ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he __30__ height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is __31__ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand __32__ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is __33__ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand __34__ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also __35__ moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any ,of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate (文盲). Many __36__ do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The __37__ Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, __38__ 18th.The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government __39__ a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.One discouragement to reading is that books are __40__. Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long __41__ education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s.All this means Brazil's book market has the biggest growth __42__ in the western world.But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004, 89 million, including textbooks __43__ by the government, than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library __44__. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蚁) had eaten much of the __45__. That ought to be a cause for national shame.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.A）average B）collection C）distributed D）exhibitionE）expensive F）launched G）named H）neglectedI）normal J）particularly K）potential L）quitM）ranked N）simply O）treasuredSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Touch-Screen GenerationA) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children's apps (应用程序) for phones and tablets (平板电脑) gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children's media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall's second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe (敬畏) and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori's, "The hands are the instruments of man's intelligence."B) What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking (戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C) In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group's critical need for " direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers. " The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, die group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, "high-quality programs" could have "educational benefits.") The 2011 report, mentioned "smart cell phone" and "new screen" technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping (在电子产品上印) fingers.D) I had come to the developers' conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy's ideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that, the more cautious doctors weren't ready to address.E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home."They don't play all that much."Really? Why not?"Because I don't allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it's clearly educational."No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of overcontrolling parents."On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough."F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. "At home," she assured me, "I only let her watch movies in Spanish."G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age; as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate (航行) all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical (外科的) instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some great robotics competition-but only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can't make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world.H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences-that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged (放纵的) will add up to some permanent handicap (障碍) in the future-and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system-the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A）They came in five different colors. C）They were a very good design.B）They were good value for money. D）They were sold out very quickly.2. A）Ask her roommate not to speak loudly on the phone.B）Ask her roommate to make her phone calls outside.C）Go and find a quieter place to review her lessons.D）Report her problem to the dorm management.3. A）The washing machine is totally beyond repair.B）He will help Wendy prepare her annual report.C）Wendy should give priority to writing her report.D）The washing machine should be checked annually.4. A）The man fell down when removing the painting.B）The wall will be decorated with a new painting.C）The woman likes the painting on the wall.D）The painting is now being reframed.5. A）It must be missing. C）The man took it to the market.B）It was left in the room. D）She placed it on the dressing table.6. A）Go to a play. C）Book some tickets.B）Meet Janet. D）Have a get-together.7. A）One box of books is found missing. C）Replacements have to be ordered.B）Some of the boxes arrived too late. D）Some of the books are damaged.8. A）The man will pick up Professor Johnson at her office.B）The man did not expect his paper to be graded so soon.C）Professor Johnson has given the man a very high grade.D）Professor Johnson will talk to each student in her office.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A）To buy a present for his friend who is getting married.B）To find out the cost for a complete set of cookware.C）To see what he could ask his friends to buy for him.D）To make inquiries about the price of an electric cooker.10. A）To teach him how to use the kitchenware.B）To discuss cooking experiences with him.C）To tell him how to prepare delicious dishes.D）To recommend suitable kitchenware to him.11. A）There are so many different sorts of knives.B）Cooking devices are such practical presents.C）A mixer can save so much time in making cakes.D）Saucepans and frying pans are a must in the kitchen.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A）Some new problems in her work. C）Her chance for promotion in the bank.B）Cooperation with an international bank. D）Her intention to leave her present job.13. A）The World Bank. C）A U.S. finance corporation.B）Bank of Washington. D）An investment bank in New York.14. A）Supervising financial transactions.B）Taking charge of public relations.C）Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D）Offering service to international companies in the United States.15. A）It is a first major step to realizing the woman’s dream.B）It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C）It is a loss for her current company.D）It is really beyond his expectation.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A）Carry out a thorough checkup. C）Keep extra gas in reserve.B）Try to keep the gas tank full. D）Fill up the water tank.17. A）Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B）Opening a window a bit to let in fresh air.C）Running the engine every now and then.D）Keeping the heater on for a long time.18. A）It exhausts you physically. C）It causes you to lose body heat.B）It makes you fall asleep easily. D）It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A）They are very generous in giving gifts.B）They refuse gifts when doing business.C）They regard gifts as a token of friendship.D）They give gifts only on special occasions.20. A）They enjoy giving gifts to other people.B）They spend a lot of time choosing gifts.C）They have to follow many specific rules.D）They pay attention to the quality of gifts.21. A）Gift-giving plays an important role in human relationships.B）We must be aware of cultural differences in giving gifts.C）We must learn how to give gifts before going abroad.D）Reading extensively makes one a better gift-giver.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A）It reflects American people’s view of French politics.B）It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C）It explains American politics to the French public.D）It is popular among French government officials.23. A）Work on her column. C）Entertain her guests.B）Do housework at home. D）Go shopping downtown.24. A）To report to her newspaper. C）To visit her parents.B）To refresh her French. D）To meet her friends.25. A）She might be recalled to France. C）She might close her Monday column.B）She might change her profession. D）She might be assigned to a new post. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered （26）__________ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been （27）__________. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the （28）__________ against him are formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or （29）__________. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court （30）__________ run away, he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail （保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will （31）__________ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present （32）__________ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to （33）__________.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is （34）__________ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the （35）__________ of the American government.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice ___36___ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in ___37___ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are ___38___ to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures ___39___ between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more ___40___ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the ___41___ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are—coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable （宜居的）and ___42___ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on ___43___, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists ___44___ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random （无规律的）variation—some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years ___45___—but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.A）appealing I）meltedB）average J）persistC）contributing K）rangingD）dramatic L）recentlyE）frequently M）resolvedF）impact N）sensibleG）line O）shockH）maintainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?A） Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B） Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C） Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance fiction,”etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious”nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D） As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market （and the marketing）is inherently strange. E）For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.F）One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—to be sure, a long book—required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.G） But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, hand writing lingered on （继续存在）well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H） Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I）Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J）Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows （”Jack Benny,”“Amos and Andy,”“The Shadow”）all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K） Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry （骑兵）replaced the chariot （二轮战车）on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized “an officer and a gentleman.”L）Sometimes new technology is a little cranky （不稳定的）at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough （and engines small enough）to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. （The high cost of steamand the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.）M）Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of fire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food （which is much easier to eat and digest）. Human control of fire goes back far enough （over a million years）that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N） Books—especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile （触觉的）pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter’s night.O） For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition（命题）, although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM （science, technology, engineering, maths）-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities （人文学科）and social sciences must remain centralcomponents of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative （创新的）leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical”way out of the problem: “Major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft”often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A）STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B）The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C）The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D）Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A）Their interest in relevant subjects. C）The quality of education to receive.B）The academic value of the courses. D）Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so-called soft subjects?A）They benefit students in their future life.B）They broaden students’ range of interests.C）They improve students’ communication skills.D）They are essential to students’ healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A）Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B）Those who are good at solving practical problems.C）Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D）Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A）Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B）Try to take a variety of practical courses.C）Prepare themselves for different job options.D）Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn’t it? If you think so, you’re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence”and its rhetorical （修辞的）companion “energy security”are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle （涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A）It sounds very attractive. C）It will bring oil prices down.B）It ensures national security. D）It has long been everyone’s dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A）They keep America’s economy running healthily.B）They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C）They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D）They cause serious damage to the environment.63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A）It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B）Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C）It wants to keep its own environment intact.D）Its own oil production falls short of demand.64. What does the author say about oil trade?A）It proves profitable to both sides.B）It improves economic efficiency.C）It makes for economic prosperity.D）It saves the cost of oil exploration.65. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A）To justify America’s dependence on oil imports.B）To arouse Americans’ awareness of the energy crisis.C）To stress the importance of energy conservation.D）To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。
2014年大学英语四级考试考前模拟试题(6套附详细解答)
2015年大学英语四级考试模拟题一（附详细解答）四级作文：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topicAdvertisement. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 广告的作用2. 广告的形式多样3. 广告的夸张性AdvertisementAdvertisements are forcing their way into people‟s lives. People refer to advertisements in their daily lives because they are consumers. The advertisers are usually manufacturers, retailers and salesmen. Their merchandise needs to be advertised to bring it to the attention to the customers. Thus nearly every product is advertised in some way. To a large extent, good advertising leads to success while bad advertising can mean failure.There are many ways to advertise and …ads‟ come i n different forms. Newspapers carry advertisements. Some products are publicized on TV and radio which bring them into notice of a wide audience. Billboards also carry advertising. Advertising is a big industry now and many agencies have been set up to furnish a variety of forms..However, advertising is not always truthful. A product is often misrepresented. The advertiser exaggerates the benefits of the merchandise he wants to sell. Thus, he misrepresents the truth. The consumer falls victim to such advertising. Millions of people have bought advertised products and have been dissatisfied with them。
2014年6月大学英语4级试题一答案解析
2014年6月大学英语4级第一套真题与答案详解四级听力Section A:1.B Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.2. D Outside an gallery art.3.D New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.4.C Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.5.D He has found a better position.6.A They should finish the book as soon as possible.7.D The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.8.B The woman is waiting for the call.9. A She had a job interview to attend10. C Submit her roommate's assignment11. A Where Dr. Ellis's office is located12. C He can handle it quite well13. B The 6:30 one14. C The time on the train is enjoyable15. A Reading newspapers.16. D Get key information by reading just once or twice17. A Choose one's own system of marking18. B By reviewing only the marked parts.19. D Everybody needs some sleep for survival.20. C It is a rare exception21. B His mother's injury just before his birth.22. C She developed a strong interest in finance23. D She inherited a big fortune from her father24. A She was extremely mean with her money25. B She built a hospital with her mother's moneySection C: 复合式听写：26. identical27. approach28. back and forth29. opposite30. indicates31. referring to32. parallel to33. reserved34. at the right angle35. embarrassing选词填空第一篇全球变暖36 I melted37 G line38 A appealing39 k ranging40 D dramatic41 F impact42.N sensible43.B average44.J persist45.L recently46. C47. N48. J49. H50. A51. K52. N53. H54. A55. M56. B The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.57. D Their chances of getting a good job.58. A They benefit students in their future life.59. D Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. C Prepare themselves for different job options.61. A It sounds very attractive.62. D They cause serious damage to the environment.63. C It wants to keep its own environment intact.64. B It improves economic efficiency.65. A To justify America's dependence on oil imports.翻译：教育公平，中国投入360亿元，用于改善农村地区教育设施和加强中西部农村义务教育(compulsory education )。
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题含答案解析.
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题含答案解析.本书编委会主编:王静编者:李梦洁王媛单庆芸孟凡爽雷蓓蓓贾晓云胡小婧大学英语四级考试·历年真题超详解编著:中公教育大学英语四级考试用书编写组责任编辑:夏丹吴淑娅装帧设计:中公教育图书设计中心出版:世界图书出版公司北京公司出版人:张跃明发行:世界图书出版公司北京公司(地址:北京朝内大街137号邮编:100010电话:64077922销售:各地新华书店印刷:三河市宇通印刷有限公司开本:787mm ×1092mm 1/16印张:15字数:360千版次:2014年10月第1版2014年10月第1次印刷ISBN 978-7-5100-8643-4定价:30.00元版权所有翻印必究图书在版编目(CIP数据大学英语四级考试·历年真题超详解/中公教育大学英语四级考试用书编写组编著.—北京:世界图书出版公司北京公司,2014.9ISBN 978-7-5100-8643-4Ⅰ.①大…Ⅱ.①中…Ⅲ.①大学英语水平考试-题解Ⅳ.①H319.6中国版本图书馆CIP 数据核字(2014第214191号2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题PartⅠWriting(30minutes Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the following topic.You should write at least120words but no morethan180words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown,what is the most interest-ing place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2014年6月四级第一套
2014年6月年大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套) Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections ：In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.)Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.A) At Mary Johnson’s.C) In an exhibition hall.)At a painter’s studio.D) Outside an art gallery.A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.)She does not quite agree with what the man said.)The man had better talk with the students himself.)New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.)Doris helped him arrange the furniture. D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.A) He doesn’t get on with the others.C) He has been taken for a fool.)He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm.D) He has found a better position.A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.)He will continue to work in the garden himself.)He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.)They can hire a gardener to do the work.7.A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.)The man’s apartment is ready for rent.)The furniture is covered with lots of dust.)The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.A) The man will give the mechanic a call. C) The woman is doing some repairs.B) The woman is waiting for a call. D) The man knows the mechanic very well.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) She had a job interview to attend. C) She had to attend an important meeting.B) She was busy finishing her project. D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.10.A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom. C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.B)Hand in her roommate’s application form. D) Help her roommate with her report.11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.C) Directions to the classroom building.B)When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quitewell.B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extrahours.13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00one.B) The 6:30 one. D) The7:30 one.14. A) It is an awful waste of time. C) The time on the train isenjoyable.B) He finds it rather unbearable. D) It is somethingdifficult to get used to.15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to thedaily news.B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning theday’s work.Section BDirections ：In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) Ignore small details while reading.B)Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C)Develop a habit of reading critically.D)Get key information by reading just once or twice.17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.C) Make as few marks as possible.B) Underline the key words and phrases. D) Highlight details in a red color.18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again. C) By focusing on the notes in themargins.B) By reviewing only the marked parts. D) By comparing notes with theirclassmates.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.B)The amount of sleep for each person is similar.C)One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.D)Everybody needs some sleep for survival.20.A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due toan accident.21.A) His extraordinary physical condition. C) The unique surroundings of his livingplace.B) His mother’s injury just before his birth. D) The rest he got from sitting in arocking chair.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B)She learned to write for financial newspapers.C)She developed a strong interest in finance.D)She tenderly looked after her sick mother.23.A) She made a wise investment in real estate.B)She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C)She got 7. 5 million dollars from her ex-husband.D)She inherited a big fortune from her father.24.A) She was extremely mean with her money.B)She was dishonest in business dealings.C)She frequently ill-treated her employees.D)She abused animals including her pet dog.25.A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.B)She built a hospital with her mother’s money.C)She made huge donations to charities.D)She carried on her family’s tradition.Section CDirections ：In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are 26 in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to 27 him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly 28 . Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the 29 of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he 30 height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is 31 a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand 32 the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is 33 for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand 34 to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also 35 moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections ：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throughcarefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Youmay not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate(文盲）.Many 36 do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The 37 Brazilian reads 1. 8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of readinghabits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, 38 18th.The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government 39 a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.One discouragement to reading is that books are 40 . Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.Section BDirections ：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformation is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Touch-Screen GenerationA)On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps(应用程序）for phones and tablets(平板电脑)gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hairs second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe(敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, “ The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.’’B)What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down atthe shore poking(戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C)In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999,the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age groups critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers.”The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, “high-quality programs” could have “educational benefits.”）The 2011 report mentioned “smart cell phone” and “new screen” technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping（在电子产品上刷）fingers.D) I had come to the developers,conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents,enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offersome guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and atsome level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the newtechnology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to address.E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teachespreschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. Imyself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked,hoping for suggestions I could take home. “ They don’t play all that much. ”Really? Why not?“Because I don’t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly educational. ’’No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards ofovercontrolling parents.“On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.”F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents whattheir domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another saidWednesdays. and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was aboutmy rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family.The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played ashort movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universaltense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. “ At home,” she assured me, “ I only let her watchmovies in Spanish. ’”G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almosteverywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doingto their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand,parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate(航行) alltheir lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end uptreating tablets as precision surgical(外科的）instruments, devices that might perform miracles for theirchild’s IQ and help him win some great robotics competition——but only if they are used just so. Otherwise,their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can^ make eye contact and has a girlfriend wholives only in the virtual world.H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision ofa perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that ourmodem fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences—that every minute of enrichmentlost or mindless entertainment indulged（放纵的）will add up to some permanent handicap(障碍)in thefuture—and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad willmake your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervoussystem—the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics tofind funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?46.The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronicage.47.American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.48.Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49.The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.50.Research shows interaction with people is key to babies, brain development.51.So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.52.American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids, interpersonalrelationships.53.The author expected developers of children’s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.54.The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.55.The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),, C) and D).You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it.All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don’t seek as many management roles— failed to justify this one.These young women didn’t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduatedegrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles.But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that ourhigher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students, years on campus.Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies showthat while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll indifferent kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous(非常严格的)subjects, and generally head off with lessambitious plants.As a result, it’s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling(栽倒) over the dilemmastheir grandmothers, generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy(性感的)？All their lives, today’s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion—to pursuescience and sports, math and theater—and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are notnegotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.56.Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because _________________________ .A)they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB)they do not feel as fit for management rolesC)they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD)they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities57.What does the author say about America’s higher education system?A)It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B)It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C)It does not take care of women students’ special needs.D)It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.58.What does the author say about today’s college experience?A)It is different for male and female students.B)It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C)It is more exhausting than most women expect.D)It is not so satisfying to many American students.59.What does the author say about women students in college?A)They have no idea how to bring out their best.B)They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C)They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D)They don5t perform as well as they did in high school.60.How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?A)Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B)Women are not ready to take management roles.C)Women are caught between career and family.D)Women are not good at negotiating salaries.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck inpositions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place.We’v e all met the type of individual who simply must take c harge. Whether it’s a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can’t help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dearlife. They believe they’v e natural born leaders.Truth is, they’r e nothing of the sort. True leaders don^ assume that ifs their divine (神圣的) right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation onits merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity,they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren’t working ashard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn’t their only tool. In fact, it isn’t even their primary tool. Great leaders see more than everyone else answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. Theyknow it’s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation areequally important.If you’r e too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren’t leading at all, you’r e dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or herteam so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.61.What does the author think of the leaders he knows?A)Many of them are used to taking charge.B)Few of them are equal to their positions.C)Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.D)Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.62.Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?A)They believe they have the natural gift to lead.B)They believe in what leadership literature says.C)They have proved competent in many situations.D)They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.63.What characterizes a great leader according to the author?A)Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.B)Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.C)Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.D)Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.64.How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?A) They reassess the situation at hand. C) They resort to any tool available.B) They become impatient and rude. D) They blame their team members.65.What is the author’s advice to leaders?A)Concentrate on one specific task at a time.B)Use different tools to achieve different goals.C)Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.D)Show determination when faced with tough tasks.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。
2014年6月大学英语四级作文模拟试题
2014年6月大学英语四级作文模拟试题1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Attend Your Classes Regularly。
You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2. 保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性3. 作为一个大学生应该怎样做2 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On a Harmonious Dormitory Life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况;2. 一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性;3. 如何创造和谐的宿舍生活。
3 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a friend who will come to your city to see you. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:假设你是李明, 你的一个朋友张伟准备到你所在的城市来旅游，但你有事不能接待。
写封信给他，解释你不能接待的原因，并说明你所做的安排。
4 Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Students‘ Rating of Their Teachers。
2014年上半年英语四级考试（改革题型）预测试卷
Part I Writing.(30 minutes)0、1．上购物越来越受到⼈们的欢迎：2．简述络购物的好处和所⾯临的挑战；3．请简述你是怎样看待上购物的。
听⼒选择题1、听录⾳，回答1-36题：A．She is going to stay at home.B．She is going to fix the telephone.C．She is going to call the telephone company. D．She is going to work in the telephone company.2、A．She can't rest well.B．She has too much to read.C．She has to finish a job on time.D．She doesn't like her reading class.3、A．She isn't having much trouble.B．She understood the reading yesterday.C．She understands very little.D．She is good at intensive reading.4、A．It's not easy to get a taxi.B．It's easier to get to the railway station.C．They have to ask Paul to drive the taxi.D．They do not have to ask Paul to drive them.5、A．They had a misunderstanding four years ago. B．They really like each other very much.C．They've been angry with one another for a long time. D．They've never learned how to express their feelings. 6、A．She would go to a party.B．She would work overtime.C．She would work early in the morning.D．She would go home immediately after work.7、A．The woman should get on the plane.B．The plane will land at 9:30.C．The woman need not worry.D．The announcer should try not to sound nervous. 8、A．He thinks his boss is terrible.B．He thinks his boss is frank.C．He thinks his boss is rude.D．He thinks his boss is always wrong.9、Conversation One．听材料，回答下列问题：A．Stay at home.B．Hold parties.C．Do part-time jobs.D．Travel.10、A．Hired Eric to take care of the pets.B．Hired Margaret to look after the house.C．Asked Mr. Cohen to take care of the children.D．Hired Eric to water the plants.A．By interviewing the applicants.B．By examining the application letter.C．By taking suggestion from the student employment office.D．By listening to their friend's recommendation.12、Conversation Two．听材料，回答下列各题：A．His major.B．High salary.C．His preference.D．His tutor's advice.13、A．They just keep them in small cages.B．They don't feed them with enough food.C．They give them too much training.D．They don't give them food at regular time.14、A．To obtain a toy.B．To decorate their life.C．To make money.D．To show their wealth.15、A．Tourist and animal feeder.B．Consultant and animal expert.C．Interviewer and interviewee.D．Pet owner and animal doctor.16、Passage One．听材料，回答下列各题：A．To measure the movement of waves in the ocean.B．To determine whether the Earth's temperature is going up.C．To study the behavior of some sea animals.D．To measure the depths of the ocean.17、A．To attract more sea animals to the testing site.B．To drive dangerous sea animals away from the testing site.C．To help trace the sea animals being tested.D．To determine how sea animals communicate with each other.18、A．They were frightened and distressed.B．They swam away when the speaker was turned on.C．They swam closer to "examine" the speaker when it was turned off. D．They didn't seem to be frightened and kept swimming near the speaker.19、Passage Two．听材料，回答下列各题：A．The performance required for a certain job.B．The required behavior, knowledge and skills.C．The training contents and methods required.D．The costs and the quality of the programme.20、A．The difference between a job description and job specification. B．The difference between what is taught, and how it is taught.C．The difference between the costs and the quality of the programme. D．The difference between the training contents and methods required.21、A．The training methods and the quality of the training staff.B．The performance of the trainees in the programme.C．The places where the training programmes take place.D．The way to evaluate the training programme.22、Passage Three．听材料，回答下列各题：A．It means the year you take off and you'll continue school with enough money.B．It means the year you have offbetween high school and college.C．It means the year you have off during your college life.D．It means the year you take off before high school.23、A．Because they want to travel to broaden their horizon.B．Because they want to explore what they are interested in.C．Because they need to go back to serve military duty.D．Because they need to recover after twelve years of required education.24、A．They worry that their children will miss their friends.B．They are worried about their children's safety when traveling.C．They worry that their children cannot find their real interest.D．They worry that their children will choose not to go to college.25、A．It helps students explore their hobbies.B．It provides students with opportunities to do field practice.C．It offers position to students in her company.D．It aims to help students plan the year they take off.听⼒填空题26、听材料，回答下列各题： Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, youare required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage isread for the third time, you should check what you have written. Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. (26) ___ history the sea has survivedthe needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and a (27) __ way to travel to many partsof the world. Today, experts (28) __ that nearly two-thirds of the world's population lives withineighty kilometers of the seacoast. In the modem technological world the sea offers many resources to help mankind (29) ___Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however, still offers hope to (30)___many ofman's needs. The riches of the sea yet to be developed by man's technology are (31) __. Oil and gasexploration has existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of (32) such as iron, nickel andcopper exist on the ocean floor, ready to be (33) __ Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish andselfish is an ancient skill practiced in the past mainly by (34) __ peoples. Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warmtemperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to that of the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of hydroelectric power. Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea. New undersea technology isproviding divers with diving suits and (35) __ that are kept at sea-level pressure. The developmentof strong, new materials has made this possible.第(26)题________27、第(27)题________28、第(28)题________29、第(29)题________30、第(30)题________31、第(31)题________32、第(32)题________33、第(33)题________34、第(34)题________35、第(35)题________Section A36、Questions 36-46 are based on the following passage. Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, infact, a nation whichcan be divided into several (36) __ parts, each part being an individual countrywith its own language, character and cultural (37) __. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Walesdo not claim to (38) __ to "England" because their inhabitants are not(39) __ "English".They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which inturn is(40) ___ to the others. These cultural minorities (少数名族) have been Britain's original inhabitants. In varying degreesthey have managed to(41) __ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and wayof life. This is probably even more ture of the(42)___areas where traditional life has not been soaffected by the (43) __ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are saidto be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots would rather(44) __ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songsand dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (45) __ as a whole produceshumorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Bums, and the WelshDylan Thomas, to mention but a few.A)incomprehensibleB)temperC) remoteD) separateE) understandableF) forgetG) generallyH) temperamentI) preserveJ) strictlyK) traditionsL) reserveM) growthN) applyO) belong第(36)题________37、第(37)题________38、第(38)题________39、第(39)题________40、第(40)题________41、第(41)题________42、第(42)题________43、第(43)题________44、第(44)题________45、第(45)题________Section B46、回答46-56题： A) The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Nowthree new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Ado-lescent Medicine. B) In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child's bedroom can have onthird graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to academic achievementon mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L.G. Borzekows k i , a n a s - s i s t a n t p r o f e s s o r a t J o h n s H o p k i n s B l o o m b e r g S c h o o l o f P u b l i c H e a l t h . b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 5 " > 0 0 C ) B o r z e k o w s k i a n d h e r c o l l e a g u e , D r . T h o m a s R o b i n s o n o f S t a n f o r d U n i v e r s i t y , c o l l e c t e d d a t a o n 3 8 6 t h i r d g r a d e r s a n d t h e i r p a r e n t s a b o u t h o w m u c h T V t h e c h i l d r e n w a t c h e d , t h e n u m b e r o f T V s e t s , c o m p u t e r s a n d v i d e o g a m e c o n s o l e s i n t h e h o u s e h o l d a n d w h e r e t h e y w e r e . T h e y a l s o c o l l e c t e d d a t a o n h o w m u c h t i m e t h e c h i l d r e n s p e n t u s i n g t h e d i f f e r e n t m e d i a , a s w e l l a s t h e t i m e s p e n t d o i n g h o m e w o r k a n d r e a d i n g . T h e r e s e a r c h e r s f o u n d t h a t t h e m e d i a i n t h e h o u s e h o l d , w h e r e i t i s a n d h o w i t i s u s e d c a n h a v e a p r o f o u n d e f f e c t o n l e a r n i n g . " W e f o u n d t h a t t h e h o u s e h o l d m e d i a e n v i r o n m e n t h a s a v e r y c l o s e a s s o c i a t i o n w i t h p e r f o r m a n c e o n t h e d i f f e r e n t t e s t s c o r e s , " B o r z e k o w s k i s a i d . b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 6 " > 0 0 D ) " A c h i l d w h o h a s a T V i n h i s o r h e r b e d r o o m i s l i k e l y t o h a v e a s c o r e t h a t i s e i g h t p o i n t s l o w e r o n a m a t h e m a t i c s t e s t c o m p a r e d t o a c h i l d w h o d o e s n ' t h a v e a T V i n t h e b e d r o o m , " s h e n o t e d . T h e s e c h i l d r e n a l s o s c o r e d l o w e r o n t h e r e a d i n g a n d l a n g u ag e a r t s t e s t s . H o w e v e r , c h i l d r e n w h o h a v e a c - c e s s t o a h o m e c o m p u t e r a r e l i k e l y t o h a v e h i gh e r s c o r e s o n e a c h o f t h e t e s t s c o m p a r e d w i t h c h i l - d r e n w h o d o n ' t h a v e a c c e s s t o a h o m e c o m p u t e r , B o r z e k o w s k i n o t e d . b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 7 " > 0 0 E ) T h e r e a s o n s w h y T V h a s t h i s n e g a t i v e e f f e c t a r e n o t c l e a r , B o r z e k o w s k i s a i d . " W h e n t h e r e ' s T V i n t h e b e d r o o m , p a r e n t s a r e l e s s l i k e l y t o h a v e c o n t r o l o v e r t h e c o n t e n t a n d t h e a m o u n t w a t c h e d , " B o r z e k o w s k i s a i d . " T h e y ar e a l s o u n a b l e t o k n o w h o w e a r l y o r h o w l a t e t h e s e t i s o n . T h i s s e e m s t o b e a s s o c i a t e d w i t h k i d s ' p e r f o r m a n c e o n a c a d e m i c t e s t s . " B o r z e k o w s k i b e l i e v e s t h a t c o n t e n t a n d t h e t i m e t h e T V i s o n m a y b e t h e p r i m a r y r e a s o n s f o r i t s n e g a t i v e e f f e c t . " I f t h e T V i s i n t h e f a m i l y r o o m , t h e n p a r e n t s c a n s e e t h e c o n t e n t o f w h a t c h i l d r e n a r e w a t c h i n g , " s h e s a i d . " P a r e n t s c a n c h o o s e t o s i t a l o n g s i d e a n d w a t c h , o r t u r n t h e s e t o f f . A s i m p l e a n d s t r a i g h t f o r w a r d , p o s i t i v e p a r e n t i n g s t r a t - e g y i s t o k e e p t h e T V o u t o f t h e c h i l d ' s b e d r o o m , o r r e m o v e i t i f i t ' s a l r e a d y t h e r e . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 8 " > 0 0 F ) I n t h e s e c o n d r e p o r t , D r . R o b e r t J . H a n c o x f r o m t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f O t a g o i n D u n e d i n , N e w Z e a l a n d , a n d c o l l e a g u e s f o u n d , r e g a r d l e s s o f y o u r i n t e l l i g e n c e o r s o c i a l b a c k g r o u n d , i f y o u w a t c h a l o t o f T V d u r i n g c h i l d h o o d , y o u a r e a l o t l e s s l i k e l y t o h a v e a c o l l e g e d e g r e e b y y o u r m i d - 2 0 s . I n t h e i r s t u d y , t h e r e s e a r c h e r s f o l l o w e d 1 , 0 3 7 p e o p l e b o r n i n 1 9 7 2 a n d 1 9 7 3 . E v e r y t w o y e a r s , b e t w e e n t h e a g e s o f 5 a n d 1 5 , t h e y w e r e a s k e d h o w m u c h t e l e v i s i o n t h e y w a t c h e d . T h e r e s e a r c h e r s f o u n d t h a t t h o s e w h o w a t c h e d t h e m o s t t e l e v i s i o n d u r i n g t h e s e y e a r s h a d e a r n e d f e w e r d e g r e e s b y t h e t i m e t h e y w e r e 2 6 . " W e f o u n d t h a t t h e m o r e t e l e v i s i o n t h e c h i l d h a d w a t c h e d , t h e m o r e l i k e l y t h e y w e r e t o l e a v e s c h o o l w i t h o u t a n y q u a l i f i c a t i o n s , " H a n c o x s a i d i n a p r e p a r e d s t a t e m e n t . " T h o s e w h o w a t c h e d l i t t l e t e l e v i -s i o n h a d t h e b e s t c h a n c e o f g o i n g o n t o u n i v e r s i t y a n d e a r n i n g a d e g r e e . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 5 9 " >0 0 G ) H a n c o x ' s t e a m f o u n d t h a t w a t c h i n g T V a t a n e a r l y a g e h a d t h e m o s t e f f e c t o n g r a d u a t i ng f r o m c o l - l e g e . " A n i n t e r e s t i n g f i n d i n g w a s t h a t a l t h o u g h t e e n a g e v i e w i n g w a s s t r o n g l y l i n k e d t o l e a v i n g s c h o o l w i t h o u t a n y q u a l i f i c a t i o n s , i t w a s e a r l i e r c h i l d h o o d v i e w i n g t h a t h a d t h e g r e a t e s t i m p a c t o n g e t t i n g a d e g r e e , " h e s a i d . " T h i s s u g g e s t s t h a t e x c e s s i v e t e l e v i s i o n i n y o u n g e r c h i l d r e n h a s a l o n g - l a s t i n g a d v e r s e e f f e c t o n e d u c a t i o n a l p e r f o r m a n c e . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 0 " > 0 0 H ) I n t h e t h i r d p a p e r , F r e d e r i c k J . Z i m m e r m a n a n d D r . D i m i t r i A . C h r i s t a k i s f r o m t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f W a s h i n g t o n r e p o r t t h a t , f o r v e r y y o u n g c h i l d r e n , w a t c h i n g T V c a n r e s u l t i n l o w e r t e s t s c o r e s i n m a t h e m a t i c s , r e a d i n g r e c o g n i t i o n a n d r e a d i n g c o m p r e h e n s i o n . " W e l o o k e d a t h o w m u c h t e l e v i s i o n c h i l d r e n w a t c h e d b e f o r e a g e 3 a n d t h e n a t a g e s 3 t o5 , " Z i m m e r m a n s a i d . " W e f o u n d t h a t f o r c h i l - d r e n w h o w a t c h e d a s m a l l a m o u n t o f T V i n t h e ea r l i e r y e a r s , t h e r e w a s c o n s i d e r ab l e b e n e f ic i a l e f - f e c t c o m p a r ed t o c h i l d re n w h o w a t c h e d a l o t of T V . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 1 " > 0 0 I ) F o r c h i l d r e n ag e d 3 t o 5 , th e e f f e c t w a s n o t a s c l e a r , Zi m m e r m a n s a i d . " T h e r e w e r e s o m e b e n e f i c i a l e f f e c t s o f w a t c h i n g T V o n r e a d i n g , b u t n o b e n e f i c i a l e f f e c t s f o r m a t h o r v o c a b u l a r y , " h e n o t e d . " T h e w o r s t p a t t e r n w a s t o w a t c h m o r e t h a n t h r e e h o u r s o f T V b e f o r e a g e 3 . T h o s e k i d s h a d a s i g n i f i c a n t d i s a d v a n t a g e c o m p a r e d t o t h e o t h e r k i d s . " P a r e n t s s h o u l d f o l l o w t h e A m e r i c a n A c a d e m y o f P e d i a t - r i c s r e c o m m e n d a t i o n , w h i c h i s n o T V f o r c h i l d r e n u n d e r 2 , Z i m m e r m a n s a i d . " P e r s o n a l l y , I f e e l t h e c u t o f f s h o u l d b e c h i l d r e n u n d e r 3 , b e c a u s e t h e r e i sj u s t n o t a n y g o o d c o n t e n t f o r c h i l d r e n u n d e r 3 . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 2 " > 0 0 J ) O n e e x p e r t b e l i e v e s t h a t T V c a n h a v e b o t h p o s i t i v e a n d n e g a t i v e e f f e c t s , b u t i t a l l d e p e n d s o n w h a t c h i l d r e n a r e w a t c h i n g . " C o n t e n t m a t t e r s , " s a i d D e b o r a h L . L i n e b a r g e r , a n a s s i s t a n t p r o f e s s o r a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f P e n n s y l v a n i a , w h o c o - a u t h o r e d a n a c c o m p a n y i n g e d i t o r i a l . " E d u c a t i o n a l c o n t e n t h a s b e e n f o u n d t o b e r e l a t e d t o p e r f o r m a n c e o n s c h o o l r e a d i n e s s t e s t s , h i g h e r g r a d e s w h e n t h e y a r e t e e n - a g e r s , w h e r e a s , n o n - e d u c a t i o n a l c o n t e n t t e n d s t o b e a s s o c i a t e d w i t h l o w e r a c a d e m i c p e r f o r m a n c e . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 3 " > 0 0 K ) A n o t h e r e x p e r t a g r e e s . " T V w a t c h i n g t ak e s u p s p a c e t h a t c o ul d b e u s e d b ym o r e u s e f u l t h in g s , " s a i d D r . C h r i s top h e r P . L u c a s , a c l i n i c a l c o o r d i n a t o r a t t h e E a r l y C h i l d h o o d E v a l u a t i o n a n d T r e a t m e n t P r o g r a m a t t h e N e w Y o r k U n i v e r s i t y C h i l d S t u d y C e n t e r . " T V i s n o t n e c e s s a r i l y t o x i c , b u t i s s o m e - t h i n g t h a t h a s t o b e d o n e i n m o d e r a t i o n ; s o m e t h i n g t h a t b a l a n c e s t h e o t h e r n e e d s o f t h e c h i l d f o r h e a l t h y d e v e l o p m e n t . " b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 4 " > 0 0 L ) L u c a s p u t s t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r h o w m u c h T V k i d s w a t c h a n d w h a t t h e y w a t c h sq u ar e l y o n p a r - e n ts . " T h e a m o u nt o f T V w a t c h i n g c e r t a i n l y h a s a l i n k w i t h t h e r e du c e d a m o u n t o f t i m e r e a d i n g o r d o i n g h o m e w o r k , " h e s a i d . " T h e k e y i s t h e a m o u n t o f c o n t r o l p a r e n t s h av e i n l i m i t i n g t h e a m o u n t o f a c c e s s . G e t t h e T V o u t o f t h e b e d r o o m ; b e aw a r e o f w h a t i s b e i n g w a t c h e d ; l i m i t t h e a m o u n t o f T V w a t c h i n g . " / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 6 5 " > A c c o r d i n g t o B o r z e k o w s k i , c h i l d r e n h a v i n g c h a n c e s t o u s e a f a m i l y c o m p u t e r a r e l i k e l y t o a c q u i r e b e t t e r r e s u l t s o n t h e d i f f e r e n t t e s t s . b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 6 " > 4 7 0 T h e r e p o r t s i s s u e d i n t h e A r c h i v e s o f P e d i a t r i c s &a m p ; A d o l e s c e n t s M e d i c i n e f i n d t h a t w a t c h i n g t o o m u c h T V l e a d s t o p o o r p e r f o r m a n c e i n s c h o o l . b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 7 " > 4 8 0 W a t c h i n g m o r e t h a n t h r e e h o u r s o f T V b e f o r e a g e 3 h a s b a d e f f e c t o n k i d s . b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 8 " > 4 9 0 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e s e c o n d r e p o r t , t h e c h a n c e f o r o n e t o a c q u i r e a c o l l e g e d e g r e e d e p e n d s o n t h e a m o u n t o f h i s T V w a t c h i n g d u r i n g c h i l d h o o d . b r b d s f i d = " 2 6 9 " > 5 0 0 I n D e b o r a h L . L i n g b a r g e r ' s o p i n i o n , e d u c a t i o n a l c o n t e n t i s h e l p f u l f o r t e e n a g e r s t o g e t b e t t e r r e s u l t s o n s c h o o l r e a d i n e s s t e s t s . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 0 " > 5 1 0 T h e e n v i r o n m e n t o f f a m i l y m e d i a g r e a t l y a f f e c t s c h i l d r e n ' s t e s t s c o r e s a c c o r d i n g t o t h e f i r s t r e p o r t . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 1 " > 5 2 0 B o r z e k o w s k i b e l i e v e s t h a t T V ' s n e g a t i v e e f f e c t o n c h i l d r e n ' s m a r k s m a y m a i n l y l i e i n w h a t c h i l d r e n w a t c h o n T V a n d h o w m u c h t i m e t h e y s p e n d o n i t . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 2 " > 5 3 0 L u c a s t h i n k s p a r e n t s s h o u l d t a k e t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o s u p e r v i s e k i d s ' T V w a t c h i n g . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 3 " > 5 4 0 A c c o rd i n g t o t he r e c o m m e n d a t i o nf r o m A m e r i c a n A c a d e m y o f P e d i a t r i c s , c h i l d r e n u n d e r 2 s h o u l d w a t c h n o T V . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 4 " > 5 5 0 H a n c o x t h i n k s e a r l i e r c h i l d h o o d T V w a t c h i ng a f f e c t s o n e ' s a c q u i r i n g a c o l l e g e d e g r e e m o s t . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 7 5 " > S e c t i o n C b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 6 " > 5 60 Q u e s t i o n s 5 6 - 6 1 a r e b a s e d o n t h e f o l l o w i n g p a s s a g e . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 7 " > 0 0 L a r g e c o m p a ni e s n e e d a w a y t o r e a c h t h e s a v i n g s o f t h e p u b l i c a t l a r g e . T h e s a m e p r o b l e m , o n a s m a l l e r s c a l e , f a c e s p r a c t i c a l l y e v e r y c o m p a n y , t r y i n g t o d e v e l o p n e w p r o d u c t s a n d c r e a t e n e w j o b s . T h e r e c a n b e l i t t l e p r o s p e c t o f r a i s i n g t h e s o r t o f s u m s n e e d e d f r o m f r i e n d s a n d p e o p l e w e k n o w , a n d w h i l e b a n k s m a y a g r e e t o p r o v i d e s h o r t - t e r m f i n a n c e , t h e y a r e g e n e r a l l y u n w i l l i n g t o p r o v i d e m o n e y o n a p e r m a n e n t b a s i s f o r l o n g - t e r m p r o j e c t s . S o c o m p a n i e s t u r n t o t h e p u b l i c , i n v i t i n g p e o p l e t o l e n d t h e m m o n e y , o r t a k e a s h a r e i n t h e b u s i n e s s i n e x c h a n g e f o r a s h a r e i n f u t u r e p r o f i t s . T h i s t h e y d o b y i s s u i n g s t o c k s a n d s h a r e s i n t h e b u s i n e s s t h r o u g h t h e S t o c k E x c h a n g e . B y d o i n g s o , t h e y c a n p u t i n t o c i r c u l a t i o n t h e s a v i n g s o f i n d i v i d u a l a n d i n s t i t u t i o n s , b o t h a t h o m e a n d o v e r s e a s . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 8 " > 0 0 W h e n t h e s a v e r n e e d s h i s m o n e y b a c k , h e d o e s n o t h a v e t o g o t o t h e c o m p a n y w i t h w h o m h e o r i g i n a l l y p l a c e d i t . I n s t e a d , h e s e l l s h i s s h a r e s t h r o u g h a s t o c k b r o k e r t o s o m e o t h e r s a v e r w h o i s s e e k i n g t o i n v e s t h i s m o n e y . b r b d s f i d = " 2 7 9 " > 0 0 M a n y o f t h e s e r v i c e s n e e d e d b o t h b y i n d u s t r y a n d b y e a c h o f u s a r e p r o v i d e d b y t h e G o v e r n m e n t o r b y l o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s . W i t h o u t h o s p i t a l s , r o a d s , e l e c t r i c i t y , t e l e p h o n e s , r a i l w a y s , t h i s c o u n t r y c o u l d n o t f u n c t i o n . A l l t h e s e r e q u i r e c o n t i n u o u s s p e n d i n g o n n e w e q u i p m e n t a n d n e w d e v e l o p m e n t i f t h e y a r e t o s e r v e u s p r o p e r l y , r e q u i r i n g m o r e m o n e y t h a n i s r a i s e d t h r o u g h t a x e s a l o n e . T h e G o v e r n m e n t , l o c a l a u t h o r i t i e s , a n d n a t i o n a l i z e d i n d u s t r i e s t h e r e f o r e f r e q u e n t l y n e e d t o b o r r o w m o n e y t o f i n a n c e m a j o r c a p i t a l s p e n d i n g , a n d t h e y t o o , c o m e t o t h e S t o c k E x c h a n g e . b r b d s f i d = " 2 8 0 " > 0 0 T h e r e i s h a r d l y a m a n o r w o m a n i n t h i s c o u n t r y w h o s e j o b o r w h o s e s t a n d a r d o f l i v i n g d o e s n o t d e p e n d o n t h e a b i l i t y o f h i s o r h e r e m p l o y e r s t o r a i s e m o n e y t o f i n a n c e n e w d e v e l o p m e n t . I n o n e w a y o r a n o t h e r , t h i s n e w m o n e y m u s t c o m e f r o m t h e s a v i n g s o f t h e c o u n t r y . T h e S t o c k y E x c h a n g e e x i s t s t o p r o v i d e a c h a n n e l t h r o u g h w h i c h t h e s e s a v i n g s c a n r e a c h t h o s e w h o n e e d f i n a n c e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 8 1 " > A l m o s t a l l c o m p a n i e s t r y i n g t o d e v e l o p n e w p r o d u c t s a n d c r e a t i n g n e w j o b s h a v e t o。
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2014年6月英语四级考试(新题型)模拟试卷(1) Part I Writing.(30 minutes)1、_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.2、听音频：根据所听到的内容，回2-26题。
A．He made things worse.B．He messed up the deal.C．He wasn't trusted by the woman. D．He had a terrible day.3、A．Keep on trying.B．Remember what he saidC．Cut the cake in half..D．Leave the cake there.4、A．The man doesn't like soup.B．The woman doesn't like fruit.C．The woman wants to have vegetables. D．The man wants to have fruit juice.5、A．It's suitable for the woman's friends.B．It looks like mature.C．It doesn't have the right color.D．It doesn't fit the woman.6、A．Have a meal.B．Have a haircut.C．Go downtown.D．Go to a bar.7、A．Talkative.B．Careless.C．III-spent.D．Fashionable.8、A．They have cloudy weather there. B．They are planning a journey.C．The woman wants to quit her job. D．The man decides to come back to earth.9、A．How to use a computer.B．How to repair a computer. C．How to copy files.D．How to look for the menu.10、听录音，回答以下问题A．There is heavy traffic.B．She cannot find the place. C．The train arrives late.D．She has to wait for the man.11、A．They prevent from traffic jam. B．They improve the service standard. C．They make travel convenient. D．They design terrific schedules. 12、A．Reading a book.B．Listening to music.C．Sleeping for a while.D．Chatting with others.13、听录音，回答以下问题A．Because people can't survive alone. B．Because good friends benefit business. C．Because he has few friends.D．Because he can learn from friends.14、A．Develop new hobbies.B．Play the video games.C．Take part n sports.D．Make friends.15、A．They are helpful in improving the team spirit. B．They are relevant to business management. C．They are helpful in his previous work.D．They are relevant to the job of assistant manager.16、A．An assistant manager.B．A sales manager.C．A college lecturer.D．A football player.17、听录音，回答以下问题A．She wondered why many students didn't finish their work or seek help. B．She wanted to re-experience the college life as a student.C．She was appointed by the university ethics committee.D．She decided to do a project to research how the students are studying.18、A．It is difficult for students to get an average score.B．The students discuss and talk about their lives quite often.C．It is reasonable for students to take many classes in one semester. D．The students don't have enough time to care about their classes.19、A．Material assigned by the teacher for reading. B．Material directly related to discussion in class. C．Material linked to the job-hunting in the future. D．Material attractive to the students indeed.20、A．Her scoring criteriaB．Her reading speed..C．Her teaching style.D．Her personal desire.21、听录音，回答以下问题A．Shade of sunlight.B．Light pollution.C．Loss of sleepD．Business competition.22、A．Remove the fights above the apartment blocks. B．Turn the lights on late at night.C．Replace the lights with energy-saving ones. D．Turn the lights off earlier in the evening.23、A．To draw customers' attention.B．To provide services and products at night. C．To decorate their shops.D．To make the sky brighter.24、听录音，回答以下问题A．Family groups.B．Larger groups.C．Classmates groups.D．Friendship groups.25、A．People with excellent qualities.B．People with desire to be leaders. C．People with special personal ability. D．People with years of experience26、A．They are more concerned with the group goals.B．They pay attention to the overall happiness of group members.C．They may punish group members who keep from achieving the goal.D．They tend to share responsibility with group members.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.27、根据下列材料，请回答27-36题：We all like to feel needed．But new research suggests having a sense of Purpose is good for our health, too,In a study of 7,000 people, those with the strongest sense of direction in life were over 70 percent less likely to suffer a stroke.The researchers 36 for other aggravating factors such as blood pressure and alcohol use and believe the 37 comes through regulating the immune system,it has long been thought that 38 meaningful activity after retirement is important for physical and mental health-which often declines 39 soon after retirement.But while past research focused on the 40 effects of negative psychological traits, such as depression and anxiety, new research is investigating how positive traits, such as 41, protect against illness.In the recent study, men and women aged 50 and over were 42 for four to five years and completed psychological tests while researchers recorded strokes.The results show that the higher someone's sense of purpose, the lower their risk of a stroke．Those with the greatest sense of purpose were 73 percent less likely to Suffer a stroke compared to those with the lowest.Other research has shown that positive mood can lower levels ofthe stress hormone cortisol (荷尔蒙), also 43 in stroke.“This is significant as we have an 44 population and it helps sh ow what behaviours prevent people from getting ill,” says Cary Cooper, professor of health psychology at Lancaster University.“Maybe 45 is not good for some．”A．accountedB．ageingC．ambitionD．damagingE．decreasingF．dramaticallyG．effectH．graduallyI．implicatedJ．optimismK．outstandingL．pursuingM．retirementN．searchedO．tracked请回答（36）题__________.A．accountedB．ageingC．ambitionD．damagingE．decreasingF．dramaticallyG．effectH．graduallyI．implicatedJ．optimismK．outstandingL．pursuingM．retirementN．searchedO．tracked28、请回答（37）题__________.29、请回答（38）题__________.30、请回答（39）题__________.31、请回答（40）题__________.32、请回答（41）题__________.33、请回答（42）题__________.34、请回答（43）题__________.35、请回答（44）题__________.36、请回答（45）题__________.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.37、根据下列材料，请回答37-46题：How Your Language Affects Your Wealth and HealthA．Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.B．There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the future. For example, the famous marshmallow (棉花软糖．studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they did not eat that marshmallow and waited for the experimenter to come back, they would get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults.C．Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain the outcomes that are important to us. We want to keep a slim figure but we ~o want that last slice of pizza. Some people are better at delaying satisfaction than others. Those people have a better chance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style. They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers.D．Chen's recent, findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our future-oriented behavior. Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future. Chen's recentresearch suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize (概念．the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests. E．Different languages have different ways of talking about the future. Some languages, such as English, require their speakers m refer to the future explicitly. Every time English-speaker stalk about the future, they have to use future markers such as "will". In other languages, such as Mandarin (汉语普通话．, future markers are not obligatory. The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. Languages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant. For speakersof languages such as Mandarin, future feels closer. As aconsequent, resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers.F．Chen analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. Tiffs data includes people's economic decisions, such as whether they saved arty money last year, the languages they speak athome, demographics (人口统计特征．, and cultural factors such as "saving is an important cultural value for me". He also analyzed indvidual-level data on people's retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly. he analyzed national-level data that includes national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics, and proportions of people speaking different languages.G．People's savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income, education level, age, religious affiliation(隶属关系．their countries' legal systems , and their cultural values. After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on people's savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers, such as English , makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future. This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment. Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well.H．Similar analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement assets, smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries' national savings rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking a language that does not have obligatory future marker smakes national savings rates higher.I．This is an unconventional way of explaining people's consumption-saving decisions and health-related behavior. More conventional factors include dispositional ( 意向的．, situational, motivational, and cultural factors. The marshmallow studies focus on dispositional factors-being able to delaysatis faction is an inherent ability. Other researches have looked at situational factors. For example, resear chers have shown that simply rearramging the placement of food and beverages (饮料．in acafeteria can improve sales of healthy items. Other research has focused on motivational factors. People often need to curb their current desire to consume in order to reach their future goal of getting out of debt. Researchers have shown that closing smaller debt accounts first gives asense of accomplishment early on, boosts motivation, and increases the likelihood of completely getting rid of debt. The motivational effect is beneficial even if closing off smaller debt accounts does not make economic sense, for instance when the bigger debt accounts have higher interest rates attached to them. Other research has investigated cultural factors. It has been argued that Americans spend more than they need to because they want to emu/ate (仿效．the lifestyles and spending patterns of people who are much richer than themselves. Chen's findings suggest that maybe we should focus more on how we talk about the future in order to improve our inter termporal ( 跨期的．decision making.J．These results also provide evidence for the language-cognition link, which has stirred some controversy among researchers. Early 20th century thinkers such as Ferdinand de Saussure and Ludwig Wittgenstein were among the first who argued that language can impact the way people think and act. More recently, Steven Pinker argued that we think in a universal grammar and languages do not significantly shape our thinking. The issue is still hotly debated.K．At a more practical level, researchers have been looking for ways to help people act in accordance with their long-term interests. Recent findings suggest that making the future feel closer to the present might improve future-oriented behavior. For instance, researchers recently presented people with renderings of their future selves made using age-progression algorithms (运算法则．that forecast how physical appearances would change over time. One group of participants saw a digital representation of their current selves in a virtual mirror, and the other group saw an age-morphed (演变的．version oftheir future selves. Those participants who saw the age-morphed version of their future selves allocated more money toward a virtual savings account. The intervention brought people's future to the present and as a result they saved more for the future.L．Chen's research shows that language structures our future-related thoughts. Chen's research points at the possibility that the way we talk about the future can shape our mindsets. Language can move the future back and forth in our mental space and this might have dramatic influences on our judgments and decisions.Because Mandarin speakers feel the future is closer, it is easier for them to resist immediate impulses and to invest for the futureA．Does the language we speak determine how healthy and rich we will be? New research by Keith Chen of Yale Business School suggests so. The structure of languages affects our judgments and decisions about the future and this might have dramatic long-term consequences.B．There has been a lot of research into how we deal with the future. For example, the famous marshmallow (棉花软糖．studies of Walter Mischel and colleagues showed that being able to resist temptation is predictive of future success. Four-year-old kids were given a marshmallow and were told that if they did not eat that marshmallow and waited for the experimenter to come back, they would get two marshmallows instead of one. Follow-up studies showed that the kids who were able to wait for the bigger future reward became more successful young adults.C．Resisting our impulses for immediate pleasure is often the only way to attain theoutcomes that are important to us. We want to keep a slim figure but we ~o want that last slice of pizza. Some people are better at delaying satisfaction than others. Those people have a better chance of accumulating wealth and keeping a healthy life style. They are less likely to be impulse buyers or smokers.D．Chen's recent, findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects our future-oriented behavior. Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future. Chen's recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize (概念．the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests. E．Different languages have different ways of talking about the future. Some languages, such as English, require their speakers m refer to the future explicitly. Every time English-speaker stalk about the future, they have to use future markers such as "will". In other languages, such as Mandarin (汉语普通话．, future markers are not obligatory. The future is often talked about similar to the way present is talked about and the meaning is understood from the context. Languages such as English constantly remind their speakers that future events are distant. For speakersof languages such as Mandarin, future feels closer. As aconsequent, resisting immediate impulses and investing for the future is easier for Mandarin speakers.F．Chen analyzed individual-level data from 76 developed and developing countries. Tiffsdata includes people's economic decisions, such as whether they saved arty money last year, the languages they speak athome, demographics (人口统计特征．, and cultural factors such as "saving is an important cultural value for me". He also analyzed indvidual-level data on people's retirement assets, smoking and exercising habits, and general health in older age. Lastly. he analyzed national-level data that includes national savings rates, country GDP and GDP growth rates, country demographics, and proportions of people speaking different languages.G．People's savings rates are affected by various factors such as their income, education level, age, religious affiliation(隶属关系．their countries' legal systems , and their cultural values. After those factors were accounted for, the effect of language on people's savings rates turned out to be big. Speaking a language that has obligatory future markers, such as English , makes people 30 percent less likely to save money for the future. This effect is as large as the effect of unemployment. Being unemployed decreases the likelihood of saving by about 30 percent as well.H．Similar analyses showed that speaking a language that does not have obligatory future markers, such as Mandarin, makes people accumulate more retirement assets, smoke less, exercise more, and generally be healthier in older age. Countries' national savings rates are also affected by language. Having a larger proportion of people speaking a language that does not have obligatory future marker smakes national savings rates higher.I．．J．Chen's recent, findings suggest that an unlikely factor, language, strongly affects ourfuture-oriented behavior. Some languages strongly distinguish the present and the future. Other languages only weakly distinguish the present and the future. Chen's recent research suggests that people who speak languages that weakly distinguish the present and the future are better prepared for the future. They accumulate more wealth and they are better able to maintain their health. The way these people conceptualize (概念) the future is similar to the way they conceptualize the present As a result, the future does not feel very distant and it is easier for them to act in accordance with their future interests. K．EL．．38、Cultural factors may explain why Americans spend more than they need to.39、People whose languages distinguish the present and the future weakly form the idea of the future in a similar way as of the present.40、Recent studies indicate that future-oriented behavior might be improved by making the future feel closer to the time being.41、The famous marshmallow studies suggested that the ability to resist temptation may predict people’sfutu re success.42、Speakers of a language whose future markers are obligatory are 30% less likely tosave money for rite future.43、Language's ability to move the future to and fro in our mind might greatly influence our judgments and decisions.44、People who delay satisfaction better are more likely to be wealthy and have a healthy life style.45、Steven Pinker thought we think in a universal grammar and languages do not have an important effecton shaping our thinking.46、Researchers focusing on situational factors show that rearranging the placement of food and drinks in a cafeteria can improve sales of healthy items.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.47、听音频，回答下面各题。