国际贸易流程英文
《国际贸易务(双语)》三习题库
《国际贸易实务（双语）》三习题库第一章国际贸易简介Chapter 1 A Brief Introduction to International Trade预习题1. What is international trade?2. Why do nations trade?练习题3. What are the differences between international trade and domestic trade?4. P17-20 专业术语、课后练习复习题5. What are the characteristics of international trade？6. What are the forms of international trade？7. Useful certificates for your future job-hunting.第二章进出口交易的一般程序General Procedure of International Trade一、国际贸易的基本流程Basic procedure of international trade预习题：1. Suppose you are an exporter, what will you do before you enter into a business with a trade partner?2.我国某出口公司与香港C公司签订了一笔总值25万美元销售猪肉的合同,FOB青岛,目的港韩国釜山,付款方式为D/A远期120天办理托收。
该出口公司按规定的装运期限装运货物后,通过中国银行办理托收手续。
中国银行委托香港南洋商业银行为代收行向香港C公司收款。
单据到香港后,C公司即承兑赎单,又以原提单向韩国收货人收取了货款。
香港南洋商业银行在汇票到期时向C公司催促付款,但此时该公司已宣告破产。
经查核C公司在当地注册资本仅15万港元,其财产远远不够抵偿该公司的欠款。
外贸出口货物流程及常用英文
外贸出口货物流程出口货物流程主要包括：报价、订货、付款方式、备货、包装、通关手续、装船、运输保险、提单、结汇。
一、报价在国际贸易中一般是由产品的询价、报价作为贸易的开始。
其中，对于出口产品的报价主要包括：产品的质量等级、产品的规格型号、产品是否有特殊包装要求、所购产品量的多少、交货期的要求、产品的运输方式、产品的材质等内容。
比较常用的报价有：FOB"船上交货"、CNF"成本加运费"、CIF"成本、保险费加运费"等形式。
二、订货（签约）贸易双方就报价达成意向后，买方企业正式订货并就一些相关事项与卖方企业进行协商，双方协商认可后，需要签订《购货合同》。
在签订《购货合同》过程中，主要对商品名称、规格型号、数量、价格、包装、产地、装运期、付款条件、结算方式、索赔、仲裁等内容进行商谈，并将商谈后达成的协议写入《购货合同》。
这标志着出口业务的正式开始。
通常情况下，签订购货合同一式两份由双方盖本公司公章生效，双方各保存一份。
三、付款方式比较常用的国际付款方式有三种，即信用证付款方式、TT付款方式和直接付款方式。
1、信用证付款方式信用证分为光票信用证和跟单信用证两类。
跟单信用证是指附有指定单据的信用证，不附任何单据的信用证称光票信用证。
简单地说，信用证是保证出口商收回货款的保证文件。
请注意，出口货物的装运期限应在信用证的有效期限内进行，信用证交单期限必须不迟于信用证的有效日期内提交。
国际贸易中以信用证为付款方式的居多，信用证的开证日期应当明确、清楚、完整。
中国的几家国有商业银行，如中国银行、中国建设银行、中国农业银行、中国工商银行等，都能够对外开立信用证（这几家主要银行的开证手续费都是开证金额的1.5‰）。
2、TT付款方式TT付款方式是以外汇现金方式结算，由您的客户将款项汇至贵公司指定的外汇银行账号内，可以要求货到后一定期限内汇款。
3、直接付款方式是指买卖双方直接交货付款。
国际贸易缩略语 中英文对照
国际贸易缩略语中英文对照国际贸易缩略语中英文对照1. 国际贸易常用简称1.1 FOB：Free on Board（货物已装船船上交付）1.2 CIF：Cost, Insurance and Freight（成本，保险费和运费）1.3 EXW：Ex Works（离岸价）1.4 C&F：Cost and Freight（成本和运费）1.5 DAP：Delivered at Place（交货地点）1.6 L/C：Letter of Credit（信用证）1.7 T/T：Telegraphic Transfer（电汇）1.8 WTO：World Trade Organization（世界贸易组织）1.9 GATT：General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade（关税和贸易总协定）1.10 NAFTA：North American Free Trade Agreement（北美自由贸易协定）2. 运输相关简称2.1 ETA：Estimated Time of Arrival（预计到达时间）2.2 ETD：Estimated Time of Departure（预计离港时间）2.3 B/L：Bill of Lading（提单）2.4 D/O：Delivery Order（交货单）2.5 C/O：Certificate of Origin（原产地证明）2.6 HBL：House Bill of Lading（分提单）2.7 MBL：Master Bill of Lading（总提单）2.8 TEU：Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit（20英尺柜）2.9 FEU：Forty-foot Equivalent Unit（40英尺柜）2.10 CY：Contner Yard（货柜场）3. 支付和结算相关简称3.1 T/T：Telegraphic Transfer（电汇）3.2 L/C：Letter of Credit（信用证）3.3 CAD：Cash Agnst Documents（单据付款）3.4 D/P：Documents Agnst Payment（付款交单）3.5 D/A：Documents Agnst Acceptance（承兑交单）3.6 RMB：Renminbi（人民币）3.7 USD：United States Dollar（美元）3.8 EUR：Euro（欧元）3.9 GBP：Great British Pound（英镑）3.10 JPY：Japanese Yen（日元）4. 海关和报关相关简称4.1 HS Code：Harmonized System Code（海关商品编码）4.2 CCIC：China Certification & Inspection Group（中国检验认证集团）4.3 AQSIQ：General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine（国家质检总局）4.4 COO：Certificate of Origin（原产地证明）4.5 CIQ：China Inspection and Quarantine（中国检验检疫局）4.6 PSC：Port State Control（港口国监督检查）5. 质检和贸易术语简称5.1 QC：Quality Control（质量控制）5.2 QA：Quality Assurance（质量保证）5.3 MOQ：Minimum Order Quantity（最低起订量）5.4 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer（原始设备制造商）5.5 ODM：Original Design Manufacturer（原始设计制造商）5.6 FOB：Free on Board（离岸价）5.7 R&D：Research and Development（研究与开发）5.8 AQL：Acceptable Quality Level（可接受质量水平）5.9 SKU：Stock Keeping Unit（库存量单位）5.10 CRM：Customer Relationship Management（客户关系管理）附件：请参考附件A，附件B，附件C等。
外贸出口货物流程及常用英文
外贸出口货物流程出口货物流程主要包括：报价、订货、付款方式、备货、包装、通关手续、装船、运输保险、提单、结汇。
一、报价在国际贸易中一般是由产品的询价、报价作为贸易的开始。
其中，对于出口产品的报价主要包括：产品的质量等级、产品的规格型号、产品是否有特殊包装要求、所购产品量的多少、交货期的要求、产品的运输方式、产品的材质等内容。
比较常用的报价有：FOB"船上交货"、CNF"成本加运费"、CIF"成本、保险费加运费"等形式。
二、订货（签约）贸易双方就报价达成意向后，买方企业正式订货并就一些相关事项与卖方企业进行协商，双方协商认可后，需要签订《购货合同》。
在签订《购货合同》过程中，主要对商品名称、规格型号、数量、价格、包装、产地、装运期、付款条件、结算方式、索赔、仲裁等内容进行商谈，并将商谈后达成的协议写入《购货合同》。
这标志着出口业务的正式开始。
通常情况下，签订购货合同一式两份由双方盖本公司公章生效，双方各保存一份。
三、付款方式比较常用的国际付款方式有三种，即信用证付款方式、TT 付款方式和直接付款方式。
1、信用证付款方式信用证分为光票信用证和跟单信用证两类。
跟单信用证是指附有指定单据的信用证，不附任何单据的信用证称光票信用证。
简单地说，信用证是保证出口商收回货款的保证文件。
请注意，出口货物的装运期限应在信用证的有效期限内进行，信用证交单期限必须不迟于信用证的有效日期内提交。
国际贸易中以信用证为付款方式的居多，信用证的开证日期应当明确、清楚、完整。
中国的几家国有商业银行，如中国银行、中国建设银行、中国农业银行、中国工商银行等，都能够对外开立信用证（这几家主要银行的开证手续费都是开证金额的1.5%。
）。
2、TT 付款方式TT 付款方式是以外汇现金方式结算，由您的客户将款项汇至贵公司指定的外汇银行账号内，可以要求货到后一定期限内汇款。
3、直接付款方式是指买卖双方直接交货付款。
国际贸易术语
办理运输、保险、出口领证、 出口海关通关、出口关税手续 付运费、保险费、出口领证费、 出口海关通关费、出口关税
办理进口领证、进口海关通关、 进口关税 付进口领证费、进口海关通关 费、进口关税
卖方交货地点：在卖方所在国装运港船上交货，以越过船舷为界
贸易术语 FAS
名称 船边交货
卖方(风险小) 买方(风险大)
办理运输、出口领证、出口海 关通关、出口关税手续
办理保险、进口领证、进口海 关通关、进口关税
付运费、出口领证费、出口海 关通关费、出口关税
付保险费、进口领证费、进口 海关通关费、进口关税
卖方交货地点：在卖方所在国装运港船上交货，以越过船舷为界
四、CIF术语
英文：Cost Insurance and Freight(insert named port of destination) 中文：成本加保险费、运费（插入指定目的地）
交货地点：在卖方所在国某地（港口、车站、机场）
四、CIP术语
英文：Carriage and Insurance Paid to (insert named place of destination)
中文：运费保险付至（插入指定目的地）
卖方
办理运输、保险、出口领证、出口 海关通关、出口关税手续
卖方 买方
办理出口领证、出口海关通关、 出口关税手续 付出口领证费、出口海关通关 费、出口关税
办理运输、保险、进口领证、 进口海关通关、进口关税 付运费、保险费、进口领证费、 进口海关通关费、进口关税
卖方交货地点：在卖方所在国装运港船上交货，以越过船舷为界
三、CFR术语
英文：Cost and Freight(insert named port of destination) 中文：成本加运费（插入指定目的地） 成本+费用（指定目的港）
国际贸易英文缩写常用语
国际贸易英文缩写常用语国际贸易英文缩写常用语CFR(cost and freight)成本加运费价 D/P(document against payment)付款交单 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证 CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元PKG(package)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等 G.W.(gross weight)毛重C/D (customs declaration)报关单 W (with)具有FAC(facsimile)传真EXP(export)出口MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度 M/V(merchant vessel)商船MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨INT(international)国际的INV (invoice)发票REF (reference)参考、查价STL.(style)式样、款式、类型RMB(renminbi)人民币PR或PRC(price) 价格S/C(sales contract)销售确认书 B/L (bill of lading)提单CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、保险加运费价T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇 D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单 G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等 DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打WT(weight)重量N.W.(net weight)净重EA(each)每个，各w/o(without)没有IMP(import)进口卧冰求鲤缩写 贸易频道助你今年发大财MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的 M 或MED (medium)中等，中级的S.S(steamship)船运DOC (document)文件、单据P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表PCT (percent)百分比EMS (express mail special)特快传递T或LTX或TX(telex)电传S/M (shipping marks)装船标记PUR (purchase)购买、购货L/C (letter of credit)信用证交货delivery 轮船steamship(缩写S.S) 装运、装船shipment 租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间 time of delivery 定程租船voyage 定期租船time charter 贸易英语缩写 charter; 装运期限time of shipment 助你发展商机托运人(一般指出口商)shipper,consignor 世界贸易组织的缩写助你发展商机收货人consignee 贸易法规缩写班轮regular shipping liner 驳船lighter 舱位shipping space 油轮tanker 佛山二手()报关clearance of goods 陆运收据cargo receipt 国际贸易英文缩写要卖东西,当然选择佛山同城网提货to take delivery of goods 国际组织缩写空运提单airway bill 正本提单original B\\L选择港(任意港)optional port选港费optional charges 世界贸易组织的缩写选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或optional charges for Buyers\'account 国际的英文缩写佛山同城交易()一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment 贸易英语缩写佛山二手() 一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st. 国际的英文缩写一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment 贸易法规缩写 在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots 国际贸易英文缩写广州同城交易()在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots 贸易英语缩写分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments贸易法规缩写 进注,轻松让你寻找客户分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments 国际贸易英文缩写要卖东西,当然选择佛山同城网立即装运 immediate shipments贸易英语缩写助你发展商机即期装运 prompt shipments 贸易英语缩写收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt ofL/C 国际的英文缩写 允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment notunacceptable国际的英文缩写本文来源佛山同城交易网AAA制自动许可制AAC 亚非会议A.A.R 保综合险(一切险) ABCコ,ド ABC商业密码 ac. 英亩a/c(或A/C) 银行往来存款 acpt 承兑;接受a/cs pay. 应付帐款 a/cs rec. 应收帐款 ACU 亚洲清算同盟 A/D 出票后ADB 亚洲开发银行 a.f. 预付运费AFA 自动外汇分配制度 AFDB 非洲开发银行 A.F.E.B. 核准的外汇银行 agcy 代理公司agt. 代理人AIQ制自动进口配额制 A.M. 互相保险A.N. 到货通知A/P 委托付款证A/P 委托购买证A/P 附加保险费A/P 付讫APO 亚洲生产率组织 APU 亚洲支付同盟 A/R 综合险,一切险 A/S 销货帐单A/S 见票后A/S 见票即付ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟 ASP 美国销售价格 ATAカルネ暂时许可簿册,临时过境证A.T.L. 实际全损A/V 从价A/W 实际重量A.W.B. 空运单国际组织缩写BB/Aレ,ト银行承兑利率 B/B 买入汇票B/C 托收汇票B/D 银行贴现B/D 银行汇票B/E 入港申报单B/E 汇票BETRO 英国出口贸易研究组织BIS 国际清算银行 B/G 保税货物B/L 提单B/N 钞票B/N 交货记录B.O. 分公司B.P. 应付票据B.R. 应收票据B/S 再进口免税证 B/St 即票BTN 布鲁塞尔税则分类 B.T.T. 银行电汇CC.A.D. 凭单付款C.B.D. 交货前付款 C.B.S. 装船前预付货款 C/C 商会C.C. 时价CCC 关税合作理事会 CCCN 关税合作理事会税则分类表C.F.S. 集装箱货运站 C.H. 货舱C.H. 票据交换所C.H. 海关Chq. 支票C.I. 领事签证发票 C/I 保险证书CIF関税込条件成本,保险费,运费加关税条件CIF条件成本,保险加运费条件CIF通関费用込条件成本,保险费,运费和一切进口费用条件世界贸易组织的缩写 CIF,C条件成本,保险费,运费加佣金条件CIFに関する国际统一规则 CIF买卖契约统一规则C.L.货物「コ」 (集装箱)整箱货CLP 装箱单C/N 发货通知单C/N 贷记通知书C/O 转交C/O 产地证明书C.O.D. 交货付款 C.O.F.C. 平板车装运集装箱COGSA 海洋货物运输法 cont. 合同c.o.s. 装船时付款 C/P 租船合同C.Q.D. 习惯快速装卸 C.T. 载货吨位C.t.l. 推定全损 C.W.O. 订货付款DD/A 承兑交单D/C 绕航条款D/C 贴现,折扣D/D 码头交货D/D 即期汇票,跟单汇票 D/F 空舱运费D/M 速遣费D/N 借记通知D/O 交货单,出货单 D/P 付款交单D.P.V. 完税价格 D.R. 码头收据d.t. 交货时间DW 载重量D/W 码头栈单D.W.T. 载重吨位 DWTC 载货吨EECAFE(UN) 亚洲及远东经济委员会 ECE 欧洲经济委员会国际组织缩写佛山同城交易()ECM 欧洲共同市场E/D 出口申报单EEC 欧洲经济共同体EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟E/L 出口许可证EMA 欧洲货币协定EPU 欧洲支付同盟ESCAP(UN) 亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会 ETA 预计到达时间TTD 预计离港时间ETE 预计开航时间exch. 兑换,汇兑;交易所exd 已查,已检验作者: 夜半一点钟 2006-2-9 02:38 回复此发言--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 国际贸易术语英文缩写FFA 外汇配额制度F.A 货物运送代理行f.a.a. 一切海损不赔F.A.K.「コ」同一费率F.A.Q. 良好平均质量,大路货 F.A.S. 启运地船边交大货价 F.B. 运费单F.B.E. 外国汇票FC,S约款「保」捕获拘留除外条款 FCL 整箱货FCL 整装集装箱f/d 自由港FEFC 远东水脚公会f.f.a 船边交货f.g.a 共同海损不赔F/L 运价表国际贸易英文缩写佛山二手()F.M. 不可抗力f.q. 实盘FOB 船上交货价FOR 火车上交货价FOT 卡车上交货价F.P.A. 单独海损不赔 frt.pd. 运费已付frt.ppd. 运费预付F.W.D. 淡水损失fy.pd. 付讫GG.A 共同海损g.b.q. 故障货物G.M.Q. 上好可销品质 G.N.P. 国民生产总值 Gr.R.T. 注册总吨grs.wt. 毛重GT 总吨位G.T.C. 撤销前有效G.T.M. 本月中有效G.T.W. 本周中有效HHKD 港币H.O. 总公司Hr 港口II.B.R.D. 联合国国际复兴开发银行I.C.C. 国际商会ICHCA 国际货物装卸协调联合会 I/D 进口申报单IFC 国际金融公司I/L 进口许可IMF 国际货币基金组织 IMF借款国际货币基金信贷 IMF引出権国际货币基金组织提款权INCOTERMS 国际贸易条件解释通则INTRADE 国际贸易发展协会 I.O.P. 不论损失率如何全部赔偿卧冰求鲤缩写IQ制进口配额制 I/R 汇入汇款ITC 国际贸易中心 ITC 国际贸易宪章 ITO 国际贸易组织 IUMI 国际海上保险联盟LL/A 卸货代理行 L/A 授权书LASH 载驳船L/C 信用证L/G 保证书L/H 质押证书L/I 赔偿保证书 Lkg 漏损LT 书信电报l.t.,L/T 长吨,英吨 LWL 载重线Mmarg. 保证金m/d 出票日后……个月(付款)MEA 制造厂商外销代理人M/F 舱单,载货单 MFN 最惠国M.I 海上保险min. 最低限度M.I.P. 海上保险单 mk 包装标志M/Lクロ,ズ溢短装条款M/O 汇款单M/R 大副收据M.T. 信汇M/T 公吨Nn/a 拒绝承兑,不接受 N/C 新租船契约N.C.V. 无商业价值 N/F (银行)无存款 N.G. 纯收益N.L. 纯损,净损失 N/M 无装运标志N.N. (票据)无签名 N/R 备装通知NRクロ,ズ免责条款 N/S 无存货N.S.F. 存款不足 NTB 非关税壁垒N.U. 船名不详NW,N.wt. 净重OOAEC 亚洲经济合作组织 O/B 开证银行O/C 货港未定租船合同 O/D 见票即付O.E.C.D. 经济合作与发展组织O.F. 海运运费O.G.L. 公开一般许可证 OR 船舶所有人承担风险 O/R 汇出汇款ovld. 过载PP/A 单独海损P.,L. 损益payt. 支付,付款 pd 付讫,通过P.D. 港务费p.l. 部分损失pm. 保费P/N 期票P.O.C. 停靠港P.O.D. 交货时付款 P.O.R. 避难港QQ 检疫Q/D 快递件,快速装卸 qlty. 品质quotn 报价,行市quty. 数量Rrd. 收讫R/D 与出票人接洽 R.D.C. 碰撞条款rept. 收据R.F.W.D. 雨淋淡水损害国际贸易英文缩写贸易频道助你今年发大财SS.C. 救助费S.D. 海损S.D. 装运单据s.d. 交货不足S/D 即期汇票SDR 特别提款权sgd 已签署SHEX 星期日和假日除外 SHINC 星期日和假日包括在内 sig. 签署SITC 标准国际贸易分类 S.L. 海难救助损失 S/N 装船通知单S.O. 卖方选择S/O 装货单SP 起运港spec. 说明书,规格 S.R. 本船收货单S.R. 货运收据,装货收据 S/S 轮船S.S.B.C. 沉没,触碓,火灾和碰撞S.T. 短吨stg. 英镑stor. 存仓费,栈租Ttfr. 转帐,过户 T.L. 全损T.L.O. 仅保全损 T.M.O. 电汇票T.P.N.D. 偷窃及提货不着险T/R 信托收据T/T 电汇T.T.B. 买入电汇 T.T.P. 应付电汇 T.T.R. 应收电汇WW.A. 承保单独海损,水渍险W/R 战争险w.r. 仓库收据W/W 仓单W/Wクロ,ズ仓至仓条款。
进出口贸易流程英文
Develo p
busines s
Schem e
Establish
Relations Developme
hip
nt
And of advertisi
sell
ng
network
handle the trademark registration
2
procedure of executing an export contract
The customs inspection release
the Advice
bill
of
of Shipment
Lading
to
after
The
Loading buyer
the
goods
With a full
Set of
Collect the
relevant Documents
shipping Documents Together with the l/c
The second stage
Foreign negotiations
Enquiries
Offer
counter-offer
Accept
The signing of the contract (assuming CIF) contract
4
Urging Checking &amending
The l/c
The general process of export trade
Team members:
Pan Taotao Chen Yanlin Zhang Huiling Yang Xiuzhi Chi Tingting
国际贸易术语 Incoterms 2010 英文介绍
The Incoterms 2010 rulesEx Works (EXW)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport modeThis rule places minimum responsibility on the seller, who merely has to make the goods available, suitably packaged, at the specified place, usually the seller’s factory or depot.The buyer is responsible for loading the goods onto a vehicle (even though the seller may be better placed to do this); for all export procedures; for onward transport and for all costs arising after collection of the goods.In many cross-border transactions, this rule can present practical difficulties. Specifically, the exporter may still need to be involved in export reporting and clearance processes, and cannot realistically leave these to the buyer. Consider Free Carrier (seller’s premises) instead.Other things to watch for. Although the seller is not obliged to load the goods, if the seller does so, this is at the buyer’s risk!Free Carrier (FCA)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode.A very flexible rule that is suitable for all situations where the buyer arranges the main carriageFor example:∙Seller arranges pre-carriage from seller’s depot to the named place, which can be a terminal or transport hub, forwarder’s warehouse etc. Delivery and transfer of risk takes place when the truck or other vehicle arrives at this place, ready for unloading – in other words, the carrier is responsible for unloading the goods. (If there is more than one carrier, then risk transfers on delivery to the first carrier.)∙Where the named place is the seller’s premises, then the seller is responsible for loading the goods onto the truck etc. NB this is an important difference from Ex Works EXWIn all cases, the seller is responsible for export clearance; the buyer assumes all risks and costs after the goods have been delivered at the named place. FCA is the rule of choice for containerised goods where the buyer arranges for the main carriage.Carriage Paid T o (CPT)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode.The seller is responsible for arranging carriage to the named place, but not for insuring the goods to the named place. However delivery of the goods takes place, and risk transfers from seller to buyer, at the point where the goods are taken in charge by a carrier – see delivery.Things to watch for.Terminal Handling Charges (THC) are charges made by the terminal operator. These charges may or may not be included by the carrier in their freight rates – the buyer should enquire whether the CPT price includes THC, so as to avoid surprises.The buyer may wish to arrange insurance cover for the main carriage, starting from the point where the goods are taken in charge by the carrier – NB this will not be the place referred to in the Incoterms rule, but will be specified elsewhere within the commercial agreementSee also “Carriage and Insurance Paid T o CIP”Carriage and Insurance Paid T o (CIP)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode. The seller is responsible for arranging carriage to the named place, and also for insuring the goods.As with CPT, delivery of the goods takes place, and risk transfers from seller to buyer, at the point where the goods are taken in charge by a carrier –see delivery.Things to watch for.Terminal Handling Charges (THC) are charges made by the terminal operator. These charges may or may not be included by the carrier in their freight rates – the buyer should enquire whether the CPT price includes THC, so as to avoid surprises.Although the seller is obliged to arrange for insurance for the journey, the rule only requires a minimum level of cover, which may be commercially unrealistic. Therefore the level of cover may need to be addressed elsewhere in the commercial agreementSee also “Carriage Paid T o CPT”Delivered at T erminal (DAT)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode. The seller is responsible for arranging carriage and for delivering the goods, unloaded from the arriving conveyance, at the named place.Risk transfers from seller to buyer when the goods have been unloaded.‘T erminal’ can be any place – a quay, container yard, warehouse or transport hub.The buyer is responsible for import clearance and any applicable local taxes or import duties.Things to watch for:The place for delivery should be specified as precisely as possible, as many ports and transport hubs are very large.A useful rule, well suited to container operations where the seller bears responsibility for the main carriage.Delivered at Place (DAP)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode.The seller is responsible for arranging carriage and for delivering the goods, ready for unloading from the arriving conveyance, at the named place. (An important difference from Delivered At T erminal DAT, where the seller is responsible for unloading.)Risk transfers from seller to buyer when the goods are available for unloading; so unloading is at the buyer’s risk.The buyer is responsible for import clearance and any applicable local taxes or import duties.This rule can often be used to replace the Incoterms 2000 rules Delivered At Frontier (DAF), Delivered Ex Ship (DES) and Delivered Duty Unpaid (DDU)Delivered Duty Paid (DDP)Can be used for any transport mode, or where there is more than one transport mode.The seller is responsible for arranging carriage and delivering the goods at the named place, cleared for import and all applicable taxes and duties paid (e.g. VAT, GST)Risk transfers from seller to buyer when the goods are made available to the buyer, ready for unloading from the arriving conveyanceThis rule places the maximum obligation on the seller, and is the only rule that requires the seller to take responsibility for import clearance and payment of taxes and/or import duty.These last requirements can be highly problematical for the seller. In some countries, import clearance procedures are complex and bureaucratic, and so best left to the buyer who has local knowledge.Free Alongside Ship (FAS)Use of this rule is restricted to goods transported by sea or inland waterway.In practice it should be used for situations where the seller has direct access to the vessel for loading, e.g. bulk cargos or non-containerised goods.For containerised goods, consider “Free Carrier FCA” instead.Seller delivers goods, cleared for export, alongside the vessel at a named port, at which point risk transfers to the buyer.The buyer is responsible for loading the goods and all costs thereafter.Free On Board (FOB)Use of this rule is restricted to goods transported by sea or inland waterway.In practice it should be used for situations where the seller has direct access to the vessel for loading, e.g. bulk cargos or non-containerised goods.For containerised goods, consider “Free Carrier FCA” instead.Seller delivers goods, cleared for export, loaded on board the vessel at the named port.Once the goods have been loaded on board, risk transfers to the buyer, who bears all costs thereafter.Cost and Freight (CFR)Use of this rule is restricted to goods transported by sea or inland waterway.In practice it should be used for situations where the seller has direct access to the vessel for loading, e.g. bulk cargos or non-containerised goods.For containerised goods, consider ‘Carriage Paid T o CPT’ instead.Seller arranges and pays for transport to named port. Seller delivers goods, cleared for export, loaded on board the vessel.However risk transfers from seller to buyer once the goods have been loaded on board, i.e. before the main carriage takes place.NB seller is not responsible for insuring the goods for the main carriage.See also “Cost Insurance and Freight CIF”Cost Insurance and Freight (CIF)Use of this rule is restricted to goods transported by sea or inland waterway.In practice it should be used for situations where the seller has direct access to the vessel for loading, e.g. bulk cargos or non-containerised goods.For containerised goods, consider ‘Carriage and Insurance Paid CIP’ instead.Seller arranges and pays for transport to named port. Seller delivers goods, cleared for export, loaded on board the vessel.However risk transfers from seller to buyer once the goods have been loaded on board, i.e. before the main carriage takes place.Seller also arranges and pays for insurance for the goods for carriage to the named port.However as with “Carriage and Insurance Paid T o”, the rule only require a minimum level of cover, which may be commercially unrealistic. Therefore the level of cover may need to be addressed elsewhere in the commercial agreement.。
国际贸易中英文术语及缩写
一般贸易ordinary trade易货贸易barter trade 国家之间不通过货币媒介直接交换货物补偿贸易compensation trade 利用外资进口国外技术或设备,用产品偿还协定贸易agreement trade 根据各国政府间签订的贸易协定和清算协定进行的贸易进料加工processing with imported materials 进口原材料、零部件，加工成品后再出口来料加工processing with customer's materials 由国外厂商提供原材料、零部件，由国内厂商按外商要求加工装配，成品交外商销售，加工方收工缴费出料加工outward processing 由国内厂商提供原材料、零部件，国外厂商按要求加工装配，成品返销，加工方收取工缴费寄售贸易consignment trade 寄售人氢货物运到国外,委托代销人销售国际租赁international lease 根据国际租赁契约，出租人将设备租凭给他国承租人使用边境贸易frontier trade 边境城镇与接壤国家边境城镇之间及边民互市贸易转口贸易entrepot trade 经过转口国进行的进出口贸易许可贸易license trade 商标、专利技术、专有技术以许可协议形式进行的贸易期货贸易forward trade 通过国际期货市场进行远期商品买卖承包工程contract project 承包国外工程技术项目或劳务项目的进出口设备和货物国际招标international bid 通过国际招标形式进行的一种进出口贸易国际展览international exhibition 通过国际展览会和国际博览会等形式进出口货物国际拍卖international exhibition 通过国际拍卖进行的一种贸易国际货款进口international loan 国际金融机构或外国政府提供贷款项目的进口归还贷款出口reimburse loan 国家批准的国际贷款项目通过出口产品来归还贷款外商投资企业进口imports by foreign-invested enter-prises 根据国家有关规定,外商投资企业进口货物外商投资企业出口exports by foreign-invested enter-prises 根据国家有关规定,外商投资企业出口货物国际援助international aid 国际组织或外国政府提供无偿援助的进出口货物捐赠donation 台港澳同胞、华侨、民间团体和个人捐赠给我国的物资赠送present 外国组织或个人赠送给我国组织或个人的物资其它贸易other trade 国际贸易中使用的上述贸易方式之外的贸易方式分析证书certificate of analysis一致性证书cettificate of conformity质量证书certificate of quality测试报告test report产品性能报告product performance report产品规格型号报告product specification report工艺数据报告process data report首样测试报告first sample test report价格／销售目录price ／sales catalogue参与方信息party information农产品加工厂证书mill certificate家产品加工厂证书post receipt邮政收据post receipt重量证书weight certificate重量单weight list证书cerificate价值与原产地综合证书combined certificate of value adn origin移动声明Ａ．ＴＲ．１movement certificate Ａ．ＴＲ．１数量证书certificate of quantity质量数据报文quality data message查询query查询回复response to query订购单purchase order制造说明manufacturing instructions领料单stores requisition产品售价单invoicing data sheet包装说明packing instruction内部运输单internal transport order统计及其他管理用内部单证statistical and oter administrative internal docu-ments 直接支付估价申请direct payment valuation request直接支付估价单direct payment valuation临时支付估价单rpovisional payment valuation支付估价单payment valuation数量估价单quantity valuation request数量估价申请quantity valuation request合同数量单contract bill of quantities-BOQ不祭价投标数量单unpriced tender BOQ标价投标数量单priced tender BOQ询价单enquiry临时支付申请interim application for payment支付协议agreement to pay意向书letter of intent订单order总订单blanket order现货订单sport order租赁单lease order紧急订单rush order修理单repair order分订单call off order寄售单consignment order样品订单sample order换货单swap order订购单变更请求purchase order change request订购单回复purchase order response租用单hire order备件订单spare parts order交货说明delivery instructions交货计划表delivery schedule按时交货delivery just-in-time发货通知delivery release交货通知delivery note装箱单packing list发盘／报价offer／quotation报价申请request for quote合同contract订单确认acknowledgement of order形式发票proforma invoice部分发票partial invoice操作说明operating instructions铭牌name／product plate交货说明请求request for delivery instructions订舱申请booking request装运说明shipping instructions托运人说明书(空运) shipper's letter of instructions(air)短途货运单cartage order(local transport)待运通知ready for despatch advice发运单despatch order发运通知despatch advice单证分发通知advice of distrbution of document．商业发票commercial invoice贷记单credit note佣金单commission note借记单debit note更正发票corrected invoice合并发票consolidated invoice预付发票prepayment invoice租用发票hire invoice税务发票tax invoice自用发票self-billed invoice保兑发票delcredere invoice代理发票factored invoice租赁发票lease invoice寄售发票consignment invoice代理贷记单factored credit note银行转帐指示instructions for bank transfer银行汇票申请书application for banker's draft托收支付通知书collection payment advice跟单信用证支付通知书document．ry credit payment advice跟单信用证承兑通知书document．ry credit acceptance advice跟单信用证议付通知书document．ry credit negotiation advice银行担保申请书application for banker's guarantee银行担保banker's guarantee跟单信用证赔偿单document．ry credit letter of indemnity信用证预先通知书preadvice of a credit托收单collection order单证提交单document．presentation form付款单payment order扩展付款单extended payment order多重付款单multiple payment order贷记通知书credit advice扩展贷记通知书extended credit advice借记通知书debit advice借记撤消reversal of debit贷记撤消reversal of credit跟单信用证申请书document．ry credit application跟单信用证document．ry credit跟单信用证通知书document．ry credit notification跟单信用证转让通知document．ry credit transfer advice跟单信用证更改通知书document．ry credit amendment notification 跟单信用证更改单document．ry credit amendment汇款通知remittance advice银行汇票banker's draft汇票bill of exchange本票promissory note帐户财务报表financial statement of account帐户报表报文statement of account message保险赁证insurance certificate保险单insurance policy保险申报单(明细表) insurance declaration sheet (bordereau)保险人发票insurer's invoice承保单cover note货运说明forwarding instructions货运代理给进口代理的通知forwarder's advice to import agent货运代理给出口商的通知forwarder's advice to exporter货运代理发票forwarder's invoice货运代理收据证明forwarder's certificate of receipt托运单shipping note货运代理人仓库收据forwarder's warehouse receipt货物收据goods receipt港口费用单port charges document．入库单warehouse warrant提货单delivery order装卸单handling order通行证gate pass运单waybill通用(多用)运输单证universal (multipurpose) transport document．承运人货物收据goods receipt, carriage全程运单house waybill主提单master bill of lading提单bill of lading正本提单bill of lading original副本提单bill of lading copy空集装箱提单empty container bill油轮提单tanker bill of lading海运单sea waybill内河提单inland waterway bill of lading不可转让的海运单证(通用) non-negotiable maritime transport document．nbsp(generic) 大副据mate's receipt全程提单house bill of lading无提单提货保函letter of indemnity for non-surrender of bill of lading货运代理人提单forwarder's bill of lading铁路托运单(通用条款) rail consignment note (generic term)陆运单road list-SMGS押运正式确认escort official recognition分段计费单证recharging document．公路托运单road cosignment note空运单air waybill主空运单master air waybill分空运单substitute air waybill国人员物品申报crew's effects declaration乘客名单passenger list铁路运输交货通知delivery notice(rail transport)邮递包裹投递单despatch note (post parcels)多式联运单证(通用) multimodal／combined transport document．nbsp(generic)直达提单through bill of lading货运代理人运输证书forwarder's certificate of transport联运单证(通用) combined transport document．nbsp(generic)多式联运单证(通用) multimodal transport document．nbsp(generic)多式联运提单combined transport bill of lading／multimoda bill of lading订舱确认booking confirmation要求交货通知calling foward notice运费发票freight invoice货物到达通知arrival notice(goods)无法交货的通知notice of circumstances preventing delvery (goods)无法运货通知notice of circumstances preventing transport (goods)交货通知delivery notice (goods)载货清单cargo manifest载货运费清单freight manifest公路运输货物清单bordereau集装箱载货清单container manifes (unit packing list)铁路费用单charges note托收通知advice of collection船舶安全证书safety of ship certificate无线电台安全证书safety of radio certificate设备安全证书safety of equipment certificate油污民事责任书civil liability for oil certificate载重线证书loadline document．免于除鼠证书derat document．航海健康证书maritime declaration of health船舶登记证书certificate of registry船用物品申报单ship's stores declaration出口许可证申请表export licence, application出口许可证export licence出口结汇核销单exchange control declaration, exprotT出口单证(海关转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note moder TT1出口单证(内部转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note model T1T2出口单证(原产地证明书) despatch note model T2T5管理单证(退运单证)(欧共体用) control document．nbspT5铁路运输退运单re-sending consigment noteT2L出口单证(原产地证明书)(欧共体用) despatch note model T2L出口货物报关单goods declaration for exportation离港货物报关单cargo declaration(departure)货物监管证书申请表application for goods control certificate货物监管证书申请表goods control certificate植物检疫申请表application for phytosanitary certificate植物检疫证书phytosanilary certificate卫生检疫证书sanitary certificate动物检疫证书veterinary certifieate商品检验申请表application for inspection certificate商品检验证书inspection certificate原产地证书申请表certificate of origin, application for原产地证书certificate of origin原产地申明declaration of origin地区名称证书regional appellation certificate优惠原产地证书preference certificate of origin普惠制原产地证书certificate of origin form GSP领事发票cosular invoice危险货物申报单dangerous goods declaration出口统计报表statistical doucument, export国际贸易统计申报单intrastat declaration交货核对证明delivery verification certificate进口许可证申请表import licence, application for进口许可证import licence无商业细节的报关单customs declaration without commercial detail有商业和项目细节的报关单customs declaration with commercial and item detail无项目细节的报关单customs declaration without item detail有关单证related document．海关收据receipt (Customs)调汇申请application for exchange allocation调汇许可foreign exchange permit进口外汇管理申报exchange control declaration (import)进口货物报关单goods declaration for implortation内销货物报关单goods declaration for home use海关即刻放行报关单customs immediate release declaration海关放行通知customs delivery note到港货物报关单cargo declaration (arrival)货物价值申报清单value declaration海关发票customs invoice邮包报关单customs deciaration (post parcels)增值税申报单tax declaration (value added tax)普通税申报单tax declaration (general)催税单tax demand禁运货物许可证embargo permit海关转运货物报关单goods declaration for customs transitTIF国际铁路运输报关单TIF formTIR国际公路运输报关单TIR carnet欧共体海关转运报关单EC carnetEUR1欧共体原产地证书EUR 1 certificate of origin暂准进口海关文件ATA carnt欧共体统一单证single administrative document．海关一般回复general response (Customs)海关公文回复document．nbspresponse (Customs)海关误差回复error response (Customs)海关一揽子回复packae response (Customs)海关计税／确认回复tax calculation ／confirmation response (Customs)配额预分配证书quota prior allocation certificate最终使用授权书end use authorization政府合同government contract进口统计报表statistical document．import跟单信用证开证申请书application for document．ry credit先前海关文件／报文previous Customs document．messageMC SM国际贸易术语英文缩写A/W 全水路All Water B/L 海运提单Bill of Lading B/R 买价Buying Rate BAF 燃油附加费Bunker Adjustment Factor C&F 成本加(海)运费Cost and Freight C.C 运费到付Collect C.S.C 货柜服务费Container Service Charge C.Y. 货柜场Container Yard C/（CNEE）收货人Consignee C/O 产地证Certificate of Origin CAF 货币汇率附加费Currency Adjustment Factor CFS 散货仓库Container Freight Station CFS/CFS 散装交货（起点/终点）CHB 报关行Customs House Broker CIF 成本，保险加海运费Cost，Insurance，Freight CIP 运费、保险费付至目的地Carriage and Insurance Paid To COMM 商品Commodity CPT 运费付至目的地Carriage Paid To CTNR 柜子Container CY/CY 整柜交货（起点/终点）D/A 承兑交单Document Against Acceptance D/O 到港通知Delivery Order D/P 付款交单Document Against Payment D/R 场站收据DOCK RECEIPT DAF 边境交货Delivered At Frontie DDC 目的港码头费Destination Delivery Charge DDP完税后交货Delivered Duty Paid DDU 未完税交货Delivered Duty Unpaid DEQ 目的港码头交货Delivered Ex Quay DES 目的港船上交货Delivered Ex Ship Doc# 文件号码Document Number EPS 设备位置附加费Equipment Position Surcharges Ex工厂交货Work/Ex Factory F/F 货运代理Freight Forwarder FAF 燃油价调整附加费（日本航线专用）Fuel Adjustment Factor FAK 各种货品Freight All Kind FAS 装运港船边交货Free Alongside Ship FCA 货交承运人Free Carrier FCL 整柜Full Container Load Feeder Vessel/Lighter 驳船航次FEU 40‘柜型Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’FMC 联邦海事委员会Federal Maritime Commission FOB 船上交货Free On Board GRI 全面涨价General Rate Increase H/C 代理费Handling ChargeHBL 子提单House B/L I/S 内销售Inside Sales IA 各别调价Independent ActionL/C 信用证Letter of Credit Land Bridge 陆桥LCL 拼柜Less Than Container Load M/T 尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）Measurement Ton MB/L 主提单Master Bill Of Loadin MLB 小陆桥，自一港到另一港口Minni Land Bridge Mother V essel 主线船MTD 多式联运单据Multimodal Transport Document N/F 通知人Notify NVOCC无船承运人Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier O/F 海运费Ocean Freight OBL 海运提单Ocean （or Oiginal ）B/L OCP 货主自行安排运到内陆点Overland Continental Point OP 操作Operation ORC 本地收货费用（广东省收取）Origen Recevie Charges P.P 预付Prepaid PCS 港口拥挤附加费Port Congestion Surcharge POD 目地港Port of Destination POL 装运港Port of Loadin PSS 旺季附加费Peak Season Surcharges S/（Shpr）发货人Shipper S/C 售货合同Sales Contract S/O 装货指示书Shipping Order S/R 卖价Selling Rate S/S Spread Sheet Spread Sheet SC 服务合同Service Contract SSL 船公司Steam Ship Line T.O.C 码头操作费Terminal Operations Option T.R.C 码头收柜费Terminal Receiving Charge T/S 转船，转运Transit-Ship T/T 航程Transit Time TEU 20‘柜型Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’ THC 码头操作费（香港收取）Terminal Handling Charges TTL 总共Totals TVC/ TVR 定期定量合同Time V olume Contract/ Rate VOCC 船公司Vessel Operating Common Carrier W/M 即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费Weight or Measurement ton W/T 重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）Weight TonY AS 码头附加费Yard SurchargQ。
《国际贸易术语解释通则》FOB(中英文版)
《国际贸易术语解释通则》FOB(中英文版)国际贸易术语解释通则：FOB（中英文版）一、词汇解释FOB，即“Free On Board”，是国际贸易中常用的术语之一，表示货物交付给海上运输承运人后，卖方的责任结束。
在FOB价格中，包括了卖方将货物运载到指定港口码头并将货物装上船的费用，但不包括海上运费及保险费。
买方成为货物的承担风险和费用的责任方。
二、FOB的具体条款解释1、FOB的含义FOB的定义是指卖方负责将商品运送到指定的装运港口，并在货物装载到承运人指定的船上时，交付货物的所有权和责任。
在FOB条件下，卖方需承担的责任包含了将货物送到指定港口码头，并保证将货物装上船舶的费用和风险。
2、FOB规定的权利和义务2.1 卖方的权利和义务：- 将货物送到指定的装运港口码头；- 确保货物按照装船要求进行准备；- 承担由于运输过程中的损失或损坏所导致的责任，直到货物装上船；- 安排货物进口的海关手续。
2.2 买方的权利和义务：- 做好相应的进口许可证、海关手续等准备工作；- 承担运费、保险费等费用；- 从卖方处接收货物，并负责货物离港后的风险和费用。
三、本文档所涉及附件如下：1. 货物交付清单该清单详细列出了卖方将要交付的货物，包括数量、规格、质量等信息。
2. 装船要求该附件详细说明了卖方要求买方按照一定的标准和程序进行货物的装船操作，以确保货物的安全及顺利运输。
3. 运输合同运输合同是卖方与承运人之间的协议，包括了运费、运输方式、运输时间等条款，对交付货物的方式和条件进行了约定。
4. 货物保险该附件包含了卖方在货物运输过程中所购买的保险政策，其中包括了保险费用、保险范围及索赔方式等内容。
四、本文档所涉及的法律名词及注释：1. 海上运输承运人指负责承担货物在海上运输过程中的责任和义务的公司或个人。
2. 港口码头指用于装卸货物的特定区域，通常位于港口内。
3. 进口许可证指进口国政府颁发的一种准许进口特定商品或货物的许可证明文件。
国际贸易实务(英文)
国际贸易实务（英文）International Trade PracticeIntroduction:International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services across the international borders between two or more countries. Nowadays, international trade has become the backbone of the global economy as it contributes significantly to the GDP of countries. Thousands of products are traded every day between countries, supporting local industries and helping economies grow. In this essay, we will discuss various aspects related to international trade practice.1. The importance of international tradeInternational trade is essential to the economic growth of countries. Through international trade, countries can access a broader market, allowing them to trade in products that they are not able to produce. International trade also ensures that prices of goods remain competitive in the global market, which benefits consumers. This competition encourages innovation and efficiency, resulting in better and cheaper products.2. Benefits of international tradeThe benefits of international trade include:a) Increased job opportunitiesInternational trade creates new job opportunities in exporting industries. This, in turn, helps reduce unemployment rates and improves the standard of living of people.b) Better quality goods and servicesInternational trade allows countries to access products that they may not be able to produce themselves, resulting in better-quality goods and services for consumers.c) Enhanced economic growthInternational trade contributes significantly to economic growth, creating more stable employment conditions whilst also increasing consumer spending.d) Reduced pricesInternational trade allows countries to access products at more competitive prices, resulting in cost savings for consumers.3. Challenges of international tradeWhile international trade has many benefits, several challenges can arise, including:a) Political instabilityPolitical instability can cause uncertainty and unpredictability and drastically affect a country's international trade.b) Regulations and tariffsDifferent countries have varying regulations and tariffs, which can create barriers to international trade.c) Language and culture barriersIndividual countries have different languages and cultures, which can create communication and understanding problems, making it challenging to conduct international trade.4. Types of International TradeInternational trade can be done in several ways:a) ExportExporting involves selling goods and services produced domestically to foreign countries.b) ImportImporting involves buying goods and services from foreign countries to be sold domestically.c) CountertradeCountertrade involves exchanging goods and services for other goods and services instead of using currency as payment.5. Payment Methods in International TradeVarious methods are commonly used in international trade transactions. These include:a) Letter of creditThe letter of credit is an agreement between the buyer and the seller that ensures payment will be made once certain conditions are met, such as delivery of goods and documents.b) Cash in advanceCash in advance involves the buyer making payment before goods are shipped. This method benefits the seller by eliminating the risk of non-payment.c) Open accountOpen account involves the buyer paying the seller after a specified period has elapsed. This method benefits the buyer by allowing them to get goods before paying for them.6. Legal issues related to international tradeInternational trade is often governed by complex legal frameworks. Legal issues that can arise while conducting international business include:a) Breach of contractBreach of contract refers to the violation of the terms agreed between the buyer and the seller, which can result in costly legal proceedings.b) International agreementsInternational agreements such as trade and investment treaties can have a significant impact on international trade.c) Intellectual propertyIntellectual property issues are common in international trade, such as trademark infringement and copyright violations. Conclusion:International trade is essential for countries seeking to expand their markets and improve their economic growth. Although there are challenges, the benefits of international trade outweigh the risks. Understanding the different types of international trade, payment methods and legal issues that can arise when conducting international business is important to ensure success in international trade practice.7. Globalization and its impact on international tradeGlobalization has had a substantial impact on international trade. It has increased the interdependence of countries on one another and encouraged the growth and expansion of international trade. Therise of globalization has created significant opportunities for international trade, including increased access to diverse products, services, and markets. However, it has also created challenges for many businesses, such as increased competition and ongoing regulatory changes. Additionally, globalization has created opportunities for many developing countries to participate and benefit from the global economy, but it has also increased the risk of exploitation through unfavorable trade agreements.8. Case study: China's role in international tradeAs the second-largest economy in the world, China plays a significant role in international trade. The country's export-driven economy has helped it become a major player in global trade, accounting for approximately 13.2% of the world's exports in 2019. China's growth in international trade has been fueled by its low labor costs, supportive government policies, and a vast network of manufacturing facilities. However, the country has also faced various challenges in the international trade arena, such as the imposition of tariffs and export restrictions by other countries. Despite these challenges, China's strong economic growth and engagement with the global community continue to make it an essential player in international trade.9. Future of international tradeThe future of international trade is a topic of much debate and interest in today's global economy. The development of new technologies, such as e-commerce, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, has created new opportunities for international trade.The growth of e-commerce, for example, has allowed small businesses to participate in international trade more easily. However, there are also concerns about the impact that technology has on job creation and trade relations between countries.Additionally, political changes and shifts in trade policies can pose significant challenges for international trade. For example, the United States' withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership has resulted in significant trade policy uncertainty in the Asia-Pacific region. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has also had a significant impact on global trade, resulting in supply chain disruptions and reduced demand for goods and services.Despite these challenges, many experts believe that international trade will continue to play a vital role in the global economy. New technologies and globalization will continue to create opportunities for businesses to engage in international trade, however, it is important to address the challenges that may arise while conducting international business.10. ConclusionInternational trade is a vital component of the global economy, offering significant benefits to participating countries. It fosters economic growth, creates job opportunities, and provides access to a wider range of goods and services. However, international trade comes with its own set of challenges, such as regulatory barriers and cultural differences. It is crucial for businesses and countries to understand these challenges in order to engage in international trade successfully. The future of international trade will be shapedby ongoing developments in technology, globalization, and political policies, however, it remains an essential component of economic growth and prosperity in the global community.。
国际贸易术语(中英文对照)
分析证书certificate of analysis一致性证书certificate of conformity质量证书certificate of quality测试报告test report产品性能报告product performance report产品规格型号报告product specification report工艺数据报告process data report首样测试报告first sample test report价格／销售目录price ／sales catalogue参与方信息party information农产品加工厂证书mill certificate家产品加工厂证书post receipt邮政收据post receipt重量证书weight certificate重量单weight list证书ceitificate价值与原产地综合证书combined certificate of value and origin移动声明Ａ．ＴＲ．１movement certificate Ａ．ＴＲ．１数量证书certificate of quantity质量数据报文quality data message查询query查询回复response to query订购单purchase order制造说明manufacturing instructions领料单stores requisition产品售价单invoicing data sheet包装说明packing instruction内部运输单internal transport order统计及其他管理用内部单证statistical and oter administrative internal docu-ments 直接支付估价申请direct payment valuation request直接支付估价单direct payment valuation临时支付估价单rpovisional payment valuation支付估价单payment valuation数量估价单quantity valuation request数量估价申请quantity valuation request合同数量单contract bill of quantities-BOQ不祭价投标数量单unpriced tender BOQ标价投标数量单priced tender BOQ询价单enquiry临时支付申请interim application for payment支付协议agreement to pay意向书letter of intent订单order总订单blanket order现货订单sport order租赁单lease order紧急订单rush order修理单repair order分订单call off order寄售单consignment order样品订单sample order换货单swap order订购单变更请求purchase order change request订购单回复purchase order response租用单hire order备件订单spare parts order交货说明delivery instructions交货计划表delivery schedule按时交货delivery just-in-time发货通知delivery release交货通知delivery note装箱单packing list发盘／报价offer／quotation报价申请request for quote合同contract订单确认acknowledgement of order形式发票proforma invoice部分发票partial invoice操作说明operating instructions铭牌name／product plate交货说明请求request for delivery instructions订舱申请booking request装运说明shipping instructions托运人说明书(空运) shipper's letter of instructions(air) 短途货运单cartage order(local transport)待运通知ready for despatch advice发运单despatch order发运通知despatch advice单证分发通知advice of distrbution of document．商业发票commercial invoice贷记单credit note佣金单commission note借记单debit note更正发票corrected invoice合并发票consolidated invoice预付发票prepayment invoice租用发票hire invoice税务发票tax invoice自用发票self-billed invoice保兑发票delcredere invoice代理发票factored invoice租赁发票lease invoice寄售发票consignment invoice代理贷记单factored credit note银行转帐指示instructions for bank transfer银行汇票申请书application for banker's draft托收支付通知书collection payment advice跟单信用证支付通知书document．ry credit payment advice跟单信用证承兑通知书document．ry credit acceptance advice跟单信用证议付通知书document．ry credit negotiation advice银行担保申请书application for banker's guarantee银行担保banker's guarantee跟单信用证赔偿单document．ry credit letter of indemnity信用证预先通知书preadvice of a credit托收单collection order单证提交单document．presentation form付款单payment order扩展付款单extended payment order多重付款单multiple payment order贷记通知书credit advice扩展贷记通知书extended credit advice借记通知书debit advice借记撤消reversal of debit贷记撤消reversal of credit跟单信用证申请书document．ry credit application跟单信用证document．ry credit跟单信用证通知书document．ry credit notification跟单信用证转让通知document．ry credit transfer advice跟单信用证更改通知书document．ry credit amendment notification 跟单信用证更改单document．ry credit amendment汇款通知remittance advice银行汇票banker's draft汇票bill of exchange本票promissory note帐户财务报表financial statement of account帐户报表报文statement of account message保险赁证insurance certificate保险单insurance policy保险申报单(明细表) insurance declaration sheet (bordereau)保险人发票insurer's invoice承保单cover note货运说明forwarding instructions货运代理给进口代理的通知forwarder's advice to import agent货运代理给出口商的通知forwarder's advice to exporter货运代理发票forwarder's invoice货运代理收据证明forwarder's certificate of receipt托运单shipping note货运代理人仓库收据forwarder's warehouse receipt货物收据goods receipt港口费用单port charges document．入库单warehouse warrant提货单delivery order装卸单handling order通行证gate pass运单waybill通用(多用)运输单证universal (multipurpose) transport document．承运人货物收据goods receipt, carriage全程运单house waybill主提单master bill of lading提单bill of lading正本提单bill of lading original副本提单bill of lading copy空集装箱提单empty container bill油轮提单tanker bill of lading海运单sea waybill内河提单inland waterway bill of lading不可转让的海运单证(通用) non-negotiable maritime transport document．nbsp(generic) 大副据mate's receipt全程提单house bill of lading无提单提货保函letter of indemnity for non-surrender of bill of lading货运代理人提单forwarder's bill of lading铁路托运单(通用条款) rail consignment note (generic term)陆运单road list-SMGS押运正式确认escort official recognition分段计费单证recharging document．公路托运单road cosignment note空运单air waybill主空运单master air waybill分空运单substitute air waybill国人员物品申报crew's effects declaration乘客名单passenger list铁路运输交货通知delivery notice(rail transport)邮递包裹投递单despatch note (post parcels)多式联运单证(通用) multimodal／combined transport document．nbsp(generic)直达提单through bill of lading货运代理人运输证书forwarder's certificate of transport联运单证(通用) combined transport document．nbsp(generic)多式联运单证(通用) multimodal transport document．nbsp(generic)多式联运提单combined transport bill of lading／multimoda bill of lading订舱确认booking confirmation要求交货通知calling foward notice运费发票freight invoice货物到达通知arrival notice(goods)无法交货的通知notice of circumstances preventing delvery (goods)无法运货通知notice of circumstances preventing transport (goods)交货通知delivery notice (goods)载货清单cargo manifest载货运费清单freight manifest公路运输货物清单bordereau集装箱载货清单container manifes (unit packing list)铁路费用单charges note托收通知advice of collection船舶安全证书safety of ship certificate无线电台安全证书safety of radio certificate设备安全证书safety of equipment certificate油污民事责任书civil liability for oil certificate载重线证书loadline document．免于除鼠证书derat document．航海健康证书maritime declaration of health船舶登记证书certificate of registry船用物品申报单ship's stores declaration出口许可证申请表export licence, application出口许可证export licence出口结汇核销单exchange control declaration, exprotT出口单证(海关转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note moder TT1出口单证(内部转运报关单)(欧共体用) despatch note model T1T2出口单证(原产地证明书) despatch note model T2T5管理单证(退运单证)(欧共体用) control document．nbspT5铁路运输退运单re-sending consigment noteT2L出口单证(原产地证明书)(欧共体用) despatch note model T2L出口货物报关单goods declaration for exportation离港货物报关单cargo declaration(departure)货物监管证书申请表application for goods control certificate货物监管证书申请表goods control certificate植物检疫申请表application for phytosanitary certificate植物检疫证书phytosanilary certificate卫生检疫证书sanitary certificate动物检疫证书veterinary certifieate商品检验申请表application for inspection certificate商品检验证书inspection certificate原产地证书申请表certificate of origin, application for原产地证书certificate of origin原产地申明declaration of origin地区名称证书regional appellation certificate优惠原产地证书preference certificate of origin普惠制原产地证书certificate of origin form GSP领事发票cosular invoice危险货物申报单dangerous goods declaration出口统计报表statistical doucument, export国际贸易统计申报单intrastat declaration交货核对证明delivery verification certificate进口许可证申请表import licence, application for进口许可证import licence无商业细节的报关单customs declaration without commercial detail有商业和项目细节的报关单customs declaration with commercial and item detail无项目细节的报关单customs declaration without item detail有关单证related document．海关收据receipt (Customs)调汇申请application for exchange allocation调汇许可foreign exchange permit进口外汇管理申报exchange control declaration (import)进口货物报关单goods declaration for implortation内销货物报关单goods declaration for home use海关即刻放行报关单customs immediate release declaration海关放行通知customs delivery note到港货物报关单cargo declaration (arrival)货物价值申报清单value declaration海关发票customs invoice邮包报关单customs deciaration (post parcels)增值税申报单tax declaration (value added tax)普通税申报单tax declaration (general)催税单tax demand禁运货物许可证embargo permit海关转运货物报关单goods declaration for customs transitTIF国际铁路运输报关单TIF formTIR国际公路运输报关单TIR carnet欧共体海关转运报关单EC carnetEUR1欧共体原产地证书EUR 1 certificate of origin暂准进口海关文件ATA carnt欧共体统一单证single administrative document．海关一般回复general response (Customs)海关公文回复document．nbspresponse (Customs)海关误差回复error response (Customs)海关一揽子回复packae response (Customs)海关计税／确认回复tax calculation ／confirmation response (Customs)配额预分配证书quota prior allocation certificate最终使用授权书end use authorization政府合同government contract进口统计报表statistical document．import跟单信用证开证申请书application for document．ry credit先前海关文件／报文previous Customs document．messageMC SM一般贸易ordinary trade易货贸易barter trade 国家之间不通过货币媒介直接交换货物补偿贸易compensation trade 利用外资进口国外技术或设备,用产品偿还协定贸易agreement trade 根据各国政府间签订的贸易协定和清算协定进行的贸易进料加工processing with imported materials 进口原材料、零部件，加工成品后再出口来料加工processing with customer's materials 由国外厂商提供原材料、零部件，由国内厂商按外商要求加工装配，成品交外商销售，加工方收工缴费出料加工outward processing 由国内厂商提供原材料、零部件，国外厂商按要求加工装配，成品返销，加工方收取工缴费寄售贸易consignment trade 寄售人氢货物运到国外,委托代销人销售国际租赁international lease 根据国际租赁契约，出租人将设备租凭给他国承租人使用边境贸易frontier trade 边境城镇与接壤国家边境城镇之间及边民互市贸易转口贸易entrepot trade 经过转口国进行的进出口贸易许可贸易license trade 商标、专利技术、专有技术以许可协议形式进行的贸易期货贸易forward trade 通过国际期货市场进行远期商品买卖承包工程contract project 承包国外工程技术项目或劳务项目的进出口设备和货物国际招标international bid 通过国际招标形式进行的一种进出口贸易国际展览international exhibition 通过国际展览会和国际博览会等形式进出口货物际拍卖international exhibition 通过国际拍卖进行的一种贸易国际货款进口international loan 国际金融机构或外国政府提供贷款项目的进口归还贷款出口reimburse loan 国家批准的国际贷款项目通过出口产品来归还贷款外商投资企业进口imports by foreign-invested enter-prises 根据国家有关规定,外商投资企业进口货物外商投资企业出口exports by foreign-invested enter-prises 根据国家有关规定,外商投资企业出口货物国际援助international aid 国际组织或外国政府提供无偿援助的进出口货物捐赠donation 台港澳同胞、华侨、民间团体和个人捐赠给我国的物资赠送present 外国组织或个人赠送给我国组织或个人的物资其它贸易other trade 国际贸易中使用的上述贸易方式之外的贸易方式。
国际贸易常用英语
国际贸易常用英语trade term / price term 价格术语world / international market price 国际市场价格FOB (free on board) 离岸价C&F (cost and freight) 成本加运费价CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 到岸价一)工厂交货( EXW) 本术语英文为“EX Works(… named place)”卖方承担最小风险，即“工厂交货(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任，但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。
买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。
(二)货交承运人(FCA)本术语英文为“Free Carrier(… named place)”，即“货物交承运人(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物，办理出关后，在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运入照管。
根据商业惯例，当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时，在买方承担风险和费用的情况下，卖方可以照此办理。
本术语适用于任何运输方式。
(三)船边交货(FAS)本术语英文为“Free Alongside ship(… named port of shipment)”即“船边交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边，从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险，另外买方须办理出口结关手续。
本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(四)船上交货(FOB)本术语英文为“ Free on Boar d(… named port of shipment)”，即“船上交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付，货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏，另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。
国际贸易术语_详细的介绍了FOB__CIF__FCA__等6种
第一章国际贸易术语在国际贸易中，人们常使用一些由三个英文字母组成的短语，如FOB、CFR、CIF等，来表示商品价格的构成、买卖双方风险、责任和费用的划分等，这些短语就是国际贸易术语。
国际贸易术语的产生大约在19实际初期，最早使用的一个贸易术语是FOB，到19年代50左右又出现了CIF和C&R（现在是CFR），之后其他的贸易术语也相继出现。
到今天为止，国际贸易的运用大约已有200年的历史。
国际贸易术语的作用主要在简化贸易手续、降低交易成本。
第一节与国际贸易术语有关的国际惯例国际贸易惯例的性质国际贸易惯例是在长期的国际贸易实践中形成的一些习惯做法，这些习惯做法，经过有关国际或国家的商事组织的编撰和推广，成为被世界各国普遍接受和遵循的规则，从而成为国际惯例。
国际贸易惯例是国际商法的一个重要组成部分，但它与公约和条约等不同，它对贸易双方不具有强制性，其使用以当事人的“意思自治”为原则。
也就是说，惯例本身不是法律，买卖双方在磋商和签订贸易合同时，可以适用某一惯例，也可以做出与惯例不同的规定。
如果买卖双方在合同中作出了与国际惯例不同的规定，法院和仲裁机构在判决或裁决时，则以合同的规定为依据。
【案例】某公司最近和外商签订了一个成套设备的进口合同，在合同中使用了CIF目的港的贸易术语，但又规定卖方只有在合同设备抵达卸货港后才算完成交货，如果设备迟到，卖方必须赔偿。
这一要求和CIF的规定有矛盾，如发生问题，仲裁或诉讼时应依据合同还是惯例对CIF的规定办理？[分析] 国际惯例不具有强制性，其使用以当事人的“意思自制”为原则。
买卖双方在他们的合同中如果排除了国际惯例的规则或对其进行修改，则应该以合同的规定为依据。
国际惯例对国际贸易的规范作用主要表现在：首先，如果贸易双方同意使他们的合同适用于某种惯例，并在合同中作出明确的规定，那么这种惯例对他们的交易就有了强制的约束力；其次，如果贸易双方在他们的合同中既未排除，也未说明该合同适用某项国际惯例，在发生争议时，受理该争议的司法和仲裁机构往往会引用某一国际贸易惯例来进行判决或裁决。
（完整版）国际贸易实务英文版第三版知识点及模拟题
（完整版）国际贸易实务英⽂版第三版知识点及模拟题国际贸易实务(下划线为重点记忆和理解，⽆的为⼀般记忆和了解)Chapter one1.国际贸易概念：International trad e is also known as worl d trad e, foreign trad e,overseas trad e. It refers to the process of fair and d eliberate exchange of goods or services between two or more countries, involving the use of two or more currencies. Besid es, international trad e concerns trad e operations of both import and export and includ es the purchase and sale of both visibl e and invisibl e goods.2.（了解）1)Resource reasons (natural resource, human resource and technology)2)Economic reasons (economic benefits, comparative advantage andeconomies of scal e)3)Other reasons (political reasons, differences in tastes, preferences andconsumption patterns)3.国际贸易与国内贸易的不同：In particular, international trad e is more subject to:Language habits and cultural differences2)Foreign laws, customs and regulations or international rul es3)Exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate4)Higher l evel of political, financial and transportation risks5)More compl ex business procedures therefore managers need a broad errange of management skills4.1)从货物流向（direction of cargo fl ow）分: export trad e, import trad e and transit trad e(过境贸易)2)从参与的贸易⽅（the number of participants ）分：direct trad e, indirect trad e and entrepot trad e(转⼝贸易)转⼝贸易：entrepot trade refers to the transaction which involves importing goods for further processing or assembling and the re-exporting the goods abroad. 转⼝贸易⼜称中转贸易或再输出贸易，是指国际贸易中进出⼝货物的买卖，不是在⽣产国和消费国之间直接进⾏，⽽是通过第三国转⼿进⾏的贸易。
allin贸易术语
allin贸易术语All-in贸易术语贸易是全球经济发展不可或缺的一部分，而贸易术语是贸易活动中必不可少的工具。
在国际贸易中，有很多术语被广泛使用，其中包括All-in，它是贸易中常用的一个术语。
本文将深入探讨All-in贸易术语的含义、使用场景以及重要性。
1. All-in贸易术语的含义All-in是一个英文术语，指的是在一项交易中包含所有相关费用、费用及成本的意思。
通常，当我们谈论All-in时，我们指的是在购买或销售商品或服务时，价格已经覆盖了所有相关的费用，并且没有附加的费用或费用。
2. All-in贸易术语的使用场景All-in贸易术语在不同行业和领域中都有广泛的应用。
以下是一些常见的使用场景：2.1 航空货运在航空货运中，All-in术语用于表示运输价格已经包含了所有与航空货运相关的费用，包括航空运费、燃油附加费、保险费等。
这样，买家或者销售商就可以清楚地知道整个货运过程的费用。
2.2 海运在海运中，All-in术语是指船运费用已经覆盖了运输过程中的各种费用，如装卸费、港口费用、关税等。
这对于进出口商来说非常重要，他们可以预先了解到整个货运过程中的全部费用。
2.3 国际商业贸易在国际商业贸易中，All-in术语通常用于货物交付价格的确定。
当买卖双方在谈判价格时，他们可以议定一个All-in价格，以确保所有相关费用都被纳入考虑，从而避免争议和误解。
3. All-in贸易术语的重要性All-in贸易术语的重要性不容忽视。
以下是几个重要的原因：3.1 避免费用争议使用All-in贸易术语可以避免费用上的争议。
买卖双方都能够通过协商达成共识，并清楚地了解到交易中的全部费用和成本。
这有助于建立透明度和互信，减少潜在的纠纷。
3.2 降低交易成本通过使用All-in贸易术语，买卖双方能够在交易过程中明确了解到所有相关的费用，并将这些费用计入交易价格中。
这有助于降低交易成本，避免额外费用的不确定性。
国际贸易常用英语术语
国际贸易常用英语术语如下：(一)工厂交货( EXW) 本术语英文为“EX Works(…named place)”，即“工厂交货(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方负有在其所在地即车间、工厂、仓库等把备妥的货物交付给买方的责任，但通常不负责将货物装上买方准备的车辆上或办理货物结关。
买方承担自卖方的所在地将货物运至预期的目的地的全部费用和风险。
(二)货交承运人(FCA)本术语英文为“Free Carrier(…named place)”，即“货物交承运人(……指定地点)”。
它指卖方应负责将其移交的货物，办理出关后，在指定的地点交付给买方指定的承运入照管。
根据商业惯例，当卖方被要求与承运人通过签订合同进行协作时，在买方承担风险和费用的情况下，卖方可以照此办理。
本术语适用于任何运输方式。
(三)船边交货(FAS)本术语英文为“Free Alongside ship(…named port of shipment)”即“船边交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港码头或驳船上把货物交至船边，从这时起买方须承担货物灭失或损坏的全部费用和风险，另外买方须办理出口结关手续。
本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(四)船上交货(FOB)本术语英文为“Free on Boaro(…named port of shipment)”，即“船上交货(……指定装运港)”。
它指卖方在指定的装运港把货物送过船舷后交付，货过船舷后买方须承担货物的全部费用、风险、灭失或损坏，另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。
本术语适用于海运或内河运输。
(五)成本加运费(CFR或c&F) 本术语英文为“Cost and Freight (named port of shipment)”，即“成本加运费(……指定目的港)”。
它指卖方必须支付把货物运至指定目的港所需的开支和运费，但从货物交至船上甲板后，货物的风险、灭失或损坏以及发生事故后造成的额外开支，在货物越过指定港的船舷后，就由卖方转向买方负担.另外要求卖方办理货物的出口结关手续。
国际贸易英文术语中英对照
⑴FCA (Free Carrier)货交承运人(2)F AS (Free Alongside Ship)装运港船边交货(3)F OB (Free on Board)装运港船上交货(4)C FR (Cost and Freight)本钱加运费(5)C IF (Costjnsurance and Freight)本钱、保险费加运费(6)C PT (Carriage Paid To)运费付至目的地(7)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To)运费、保险费付至目的地(8)DAF (Delivered At Frontier)边境交货(9)D ES (Delivered Ex Ship)目的港船上交货(10)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay)目的港码头交货(11)DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid)未完税交货(12)DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)完税后交货主要船务术语简写：(1)O RC (Origen Recevie Charges)本地收货费用(广东省收取)(2)T HC (Terminal Handling Charges)码头操作费(香港收取)(3)B AF (Bunker Adjustment Factor)燃油附加费(4)C AF (Currency Adjustment Factor)货币贬值附加费(5)Y AS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费(6)E PS (Equipment Position Surcharges)设备位置附加费(7)D DC (Destination Delivery Charges)目的港交货费(8)P SS (Peak Season Sucharges)旺季附加费(9)P CS (Port Congestion Surcharge)港口拥挤附加费(10)DOC (DOcument charges)文件费(11 )O/F (Ocean Freight)海运费(12)B/L (Bill of Lading)海运提单(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading)船东单(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document)多式联运单据(15)L/C (Letter of Credit)信用证(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin)产地证(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract)销售合同(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费(22)CY (Container Yard)集装箱(货柜)堆场(23)FCL (Full Container Load)整箱货(24)LCL (Less than Container Load)拼箱货(散货)(25)CFS (Container Freight Station)集装箱货运站(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)(27)AAV (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge)迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier)无船承运人出口国交货的贸易术语三组在进口国交货的贸易术语有五种：一、装运港船上交货价(FOB)英文是：Free on Board.装运港船上交货价是国际贸易中常用的价格术语之一。
外贸签约仪式流程内容英文版本
外贸签约仪式流程内容英文版本Outline of a Foreign Trade Signing Ceremony.Introduction.The foreign trade signing ceremony is a formal event that marks the establishment of a business partnership between two or more entities, typically representing different countries. This ceremony serves as a platform for the parties involved to showcase their commitment to the agreement, exchange ideas, and celebrate the commencement of a new business collaboration. It often involves a series of well-orchestrated events that reflect the gravity and significance of the occasion.1. Preparation.Venue Selection: Choose a venue that is both suitable and representative of the occasion. It should reflect the importance of the event and provide an appropriate backdropfor photography and media coverage.Invitations: Prepare and send out invitations to the key participants, including representatives from the respective companies, government officials, and other VIPs.Media Coverage: Arrange for media coverage, including press photographers, videographers, and journalists to document the event.Protocol and Logistics: Develop a detailed protocol and logistics plan to ensure a smooth flow of events. This should cover everything from arrival and seating arrangements to the signing ceremony itself.2. Reception.Arrival: Guests arrive at the venue and are greeted by hosts.Registration: Guests register and receive their name badges and any necessary materials.Welcome Reception: Host a welcome reception where guests can mingle, exchange greetings, and enjoy light refreshments.3. Opening Ceremony.Introduction of Participants: The host introduces the key participants, including the representatives from the collaborating companies and any VIP guests.Welcome Addresses: Representatives from the host company and the collaborating companies deliver welcome addresses, expressing their gratitude for the opportunity to partner and their excitement about the future collaboration.4. Presentation of Agreement.Background: Provide a brief overview of the agreement, highlighting its key points and the benefits it brings to both parties.Presentation: The agreement is presented to the audience, either through a slideshow or a printed copy. This allows everyone to understand the terms and conditions of the agreement.5. Signing Ceremony.Signing: The representatives from both parties take turns signing the agreement, symbolizing the formal establishment of the partnership.Photography: Photographers capture the moment, documenting this significant event.6. Speeches and Remarks.Keynote Addresses: Representatives from both companies deliver speeches, expressing their vision for the partnership and their commitment to making it a success.Guest Speakers: Invite guest speakers to share theirinsights, experiences, and wishes for the new collaboration.7. Closing Ceremony.Closing Addresses: The host and collaborating companies deliver closing addresses, thanking everyone for their presence and support.Toast: Host a toast to celebrate the occasion and the new partnership.8. Networking and Mingling.Networking Session: Provide an opportunity for gueststo network, exchange contact information, and discussfuture possibilities.Gift Exchange: Arrange for a gift exchange between the collaborating companies as a token of appreciation and goodwill.9. Post-Event.Media Coverage: Ensure that the event is covered by the media, including press releases, social media posts, and online articles.Follow-Up: Conduct follow-up meetings and communications to ensure a smooth transition into the actual collaboration phase.Conclusion.The foreign trade signing ceremony is not just a formal event; it's an opportunity to solidify relationships, create new ones, and lay the foundation for successful future collaborations. Careful planning and execution are crucial to ensure that the event is both memorable and impactful. By following the outlined steps, organizers can create a ceremony that is both dignified and engaging, reflecting the importance of the agreement and the partnership it represents.。