规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律(特选资料)
动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则
help →helped (帮助) laugh →laughed (笑) look →looked (看)
watch →watched (注
视 ()3)动词词尾为t,d以
外之浊辅音或元音时,发/
call →called (叫)
stay→stayed (停留) cry→cried (哭)
kiss →kissed (吻)
14.动词的过去式与动词
原形一样。如:
let—let阻碍
must—must必须
15.不符合上述规律的动
词过去式。如:
am,is—was是
fall—fell砍伐
write—wrote 写 know—knew知道
sweep—swept 打扫
think—thought想 will—would将要 mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔 ment〕想要 put—put放置 hold—held保持
make—made制造
eat—ate吃
go—went去
may—might可能
sit—sat 坐 catch—caught捕捉
过去式“-ed”的发音规则
(1)动词词尾为“t,d”
时,发/ id /音,
want →wanted (要) need →needed (需要)
(2)动词词尾为清辅音
时,发/ t / 音。
8.动词原形中的ell改为
old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold卖
tell—told 告诉
9.动词原形中的an改为
oo,变成过去式。如: stand—stood站立 10.以ought和aught结
understand—understood 明白
英语动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。
如:
①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]
②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:
fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]
study-studies [z]; worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:
teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:
go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。
如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”
一起读做[iz]。
如:
close-closes [iz]
二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同:变“y”为“”现象双写最后辅音字母现象
例词:
①baby-babies
②carry-carries
③study-studying。
新标准英语六年级下册专题复习——动词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式变化规则及发音规则
新标准英语六年级下册专题复习——动词的第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式变化规则及发音规则(后附:清浊辅音、开闭音节、可数名词复数变化规则)动词的第三人称单数及发音规则:1. 一般直接在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts如help helps/s/ know knows/z/ get gets/s/ read reads/z/2. 以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es,-es 读/iz/如guess guesses fix fixes teach teaches wash washes 注意:go goes/z/ do does /z/3. 辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/如carry carries fly flies注意:在play---plays,say----says中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4. be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is,(are是you你的单数), have则为has注意:以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后,字母”e”发音,与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如close closes/iz/动词的现在分词(动词的ing形式)变化规则:1. 一般情况直接加ing,如look—looking go---going visit---visiting2. 以不发音的e结尾的,去e再加ing,如come---coming make---making write---writing3. 以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母,再加ing如run---running stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,直接加ing,如study---studying carry---carryingfly---flying cry---crying5. 以ie结尾的重度开音节动词,先变ie为y,再加ing,如die---dying tie---tyinglie---lying 动词的过去式变化规则:1. 规则变化(1)一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/如call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/ (2)以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d ,如live---lived move---moved hope---hoped (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,如study---studied cry---criedtry---tried 注意:如果是元音字母加y结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played,enjoy---enjoyed(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed 如plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped2. 不规则变化(要特殊记忆)。
英语动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。
如:
①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]
②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:
fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]
study-studies [z]; worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:
go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。
如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”
一起读做[iz]。
如:
close-closes [iz]
二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同:变“y”为“”现象双写最后辅音字母现象
例词:
①baby-babies
②carry-carries
③study-studying
(学习的目的是增长知识,提高能力,相信一分耕耘一分收获,努力就一定可以获得应有的回报)。
英语英标动词或名词后+ed的读音规律
单词加ed后的发音:1.以清辅音结尾(不包括在词尾发音的t 和d), 加了-ed后,发/t/.2.以元音或浊辅音结尾的,加了-ed后, 发/d/.3.结尾是发音的t 或d,加了-ed后,发/id/.规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted, needed动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。
如:①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z];carry-carries [z]study-studies [z]; worry-worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:go-goes [z] do-does [z]下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。
如:1、do [du:]-does [dz]2、say [sei]-says [sez]以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。
如:close-closes [iz]二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同:变“y”为“”现象双写最后辅音字母现象例词:①baby-babies②carry-carries③study-studying(1)清辅音:/p/、/t/、/k/、/f/、/F/、/s/、/W/、/tF/、/ts/、/tr/,再加上/r/、/h/,合计12个。
英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀
英语动词第三人称单数变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀一、动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则:1)一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2)以e结尾的动词,加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does4)以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词,后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes 5)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies6) have –has1、一般现在时①主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend.They have a friend.②主语(第三人称单数)+动词V(三单)She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.2.不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表(一)、AAA. (原形,过去式和过去分词一致)1. 花费 cost cost cost2. 割 cut cut cut3. 伤害 hurt hurt hurt4. 让 let let let5. 放 put put put6. 朗读 read read read7. 设置 set set set 8.打击,碰撞 hit hit hit9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让 let let let(二)、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致)1) 过去式、过去分词含有-ought1. 带来 bring brought brought2. 买 buy bought bought3. 打架 fight fought fought4. 想 think thought thought5. 寻找、探究 seek sought sought2) 过去式、过去分词含有-aught5. 抓住 catch caught caught6. 教 teach taught taughtt替换原形-d3) 过去式、过去分词-7. 建筑 build built built 8. 借出 lend lent lent9. 花费 spend spent spent 10.派遣 send sent sent 4) 过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d11. 学会 learn learnt/ed learnt/ed 12. 意思 mean meant meant13. 燃烧 burn burnt/ed burnted 13. 做梦 dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed 13. 处理 deal dealt dealt14. 听 hear heard heard5) 过去式、过去分词改为-ept15. 保持 keep kept kept 16. 睡觉 sleep slept slept17. 扫 sweep swept swept6) 过去式、过去分词改为-elt18. 感觉 feel felt fel 19. 嗅 smell smelt/ed smelt/ed 20. 拼写 spell spelt/ed spelt/ed 7) 过去式、过去分词改为-aid20. 孵蛋 lay laid laid 21. 说 say said said 22. 支付 pay paid paid8) 过去式、过去分词改为-old23. 卖 sell sold sold24. 告诉 tell told told9) 过去式、过去分词改为-ood25 站 stand stood stood26.明白 understand understood understood10) 其它变化27.得到 get got got(gotten) 28.坐 sit sat sat29.照顾 babysit babysat babysat 30.离开 leave left left31.失去 lose lost lost 32.找到 find found found33.有 have(has) had had 34.握住,召开 hold held held35.制造 make made made 36.悬挂 hang hung hung37.照耀 shine shone shone 39.赢 win won won40逃跑 flee fled fled 41喂feed fed fed42.引导,导致 lead led led 43遇见 meet met met三、ABA (过去式与原形一致)1.变成 become became become2. 来 come came come3. 跑 run ran run 四、ABC (原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样)1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en1. 击败 beat beat beaten2. 破坏 break broke broken3. 驾驶 drive drove driven4. 吃 eat ate eaten5. 落下 fall fell fallen6. 给 give gave given7. 生长 grow grew grown8. 知道 know knew known9. blow blew blown10. 扔 throw threw thrown11. 展示 show showed shown12.弄错,错误 mistake mistook mistaken 13. 拿 take took taken14.摇动 shake shook shaken 15. 说 speak spoke spoken16. 选择 choose chose chosen2) 三种形式都有变化1. 是 be( is, am, are ) was/were been2. 开始 begin began begun3. 做 do did done4. 喝 drink drank drunk5. 飞fly flew flown6. 忘记 forget forgot forgotten(forgot)7. 躺 lie lay lain8. 骑 ride rode ridden 9. 打电话 ring rang rung10. 唱 sing sang sung 11. 穿 wear wore worn 12. 游泳 swim swam swum 13. 写 write wrote written 14. 去 go went gone语法(Grammar)一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成:助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词过去分词的构成方法如下 : A:1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加–ed. worked answered obeyed wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加–d. moved hoped divided3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。
英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则
英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则英语动词有五种基本形式。
它们是动词原形、第三人称单数现在时(简称单三)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
这五种形式和助动词一起构成英语的各种时态和语态等。
1、单三形式变化规则(1)一般动词在词尾加- s 例如:help →helps ,swim →swims (2)以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加- es, 以o结尾的动词也加es,读/ z /。
例如:guess →guesses,teach →teaches,go →goes (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,读/ z /。
例如:fly →flies carry →carries2. 动词- ing形式的构成:(1)一般在动词末尾加-ing. 例如:go →going,ask →asking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing. 例如:write →writing,close →closing,take →taking(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加-ing. 例如:get →getting,sit →sitting,put →putting,run →running,begin →beginning3. 规则动词过去式的构成(1)一般在动词原形末尾加-ed.结尾是e 的动词直接加-d.例如:look →looked,play →played,live →lived,hope →hoped(2)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. 例如:stop →stopped,plan →planned,trip →tripped (3)结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加-ed. 例如:study →studied,carry →carried(4)不规则动词过去式详见课本后附录并熟记名词变复数的规则变化(1)一般情况,在词尾加-s。
名词+规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则专题
名词➢要点精析★ 1A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:一)在后面加s。
如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。
如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。
如:radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes 马铃薯五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。
如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves,九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。
如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十)有的单复数意思不同。
如:fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作works作品,工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights 灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。
第三单数、过去式、现在分词变化规则
动词变化及名词复数变化一、第三人称单数时的动词变化(第三人称单数形式变化规则):1)在动词词尾直接加s。
如:play—plays, want—wants,work—works,know—knows,help—helps,get—gets 2)以字母s、x、ch、sh或o结尾的动词加-es;如:guess—guesses,fix—fixes,teach—teaches, brush—brushes,go—goes,do—does,watch—watches,catch—catches, wash—washes3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es。
如:study—studies,carry—carries,fly—flies,worry—worries4)特殊变化:have—has二、动词现在分词变化规则1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying go-going draw-drawing sing-singing drink-drinking see---seeing2 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,要去掉e,再加-ingtake----taking make----making dance ----dancing come---coming write--- writing have---having ride—riding3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut----cutting put--- putting begin---beginning sit---sittingswim ---swimming run---running get---getting三、动词过去式变化规则(规则动词)①一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed。
如:want--wanted,play—played, water—watered, watch—watched②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d。
规则动词的过去式ed的发音规律和构成
一、规则动词的过去式ed的发音规律:1. 在清辅音后面发/ t /,如:watch—watched, wash—washed, help---helped, fix—fixed, laugh—laughed lick—licked,2. 在浊辅音和元音后面发/ d /,如:clean—cleaned, play—played, stay—stayed, listen—listened, 3. 在/ t / 、/ d /音后面发/ id /,如:visit—visited want--- wanted count--counted二、规则动词过去式的构成1.一般动词原形末尾加-ed :look-- looked play—played fish--fished2.结尾是e的动词加-d :live-- lived hope-- hoped use--used3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed ,如:stop—stopped,fit-- fitted (适合)4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变"y"为"i"再加"ed" :study—studied worry—worried carry-- carried三、不规则动词:一、规则动词的过去式ed的发音规律:1. 在清辅音后面发/ t /,如:watch—watched, wash—washed, help---helped, fix—fixed, laugh—laughed lick—licked,2. 在浊辅音和元音后面发/ d /,如:clean—cleaned, play—played, stay—stayed, listen—listened, 3. 在/ t / 、/ d /音后面发/ id /,如:visit—visited want--- wanted count--counted二、规则动词过去式的构成1.一般动词原形末尾加-ed :look-- looked play—played fish--fished2.结尾是e的动词加-d :live-- lived hope-- hoped use--used3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed ,如:stop—stopped,fit-- fitted (适合)4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变"y"为"i"再加"ed" :study—studied worry—worried carry-- carried三、不规则动词:。
过去式,三单,名词变复数规则及发音规律
1.d、k前面的oo发短音:cook、book、wood、good,但food和noodle是特例,发长音。
2.复合词(例如:bedroom、classroom这些)oo发短音:classroom、bedroom3.l、m、n、t 前面的oo发长音:room、zoom、cool、school、noon、moon,但wool,foot和football是特例,发短音发短音4.其他oo通常发长音二、1、[过去式的变化规则]①一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加ed. 如: wanted, played 。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加d。
如: hoped, lived.③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
如: stopped, shipped.④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加ed. 如: studied, worried.⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则,需要特殊记忆。
如: am(is )-was,are-were, go-went, eat-ate,Swim-swam, buy-bought, see-saw,Teach-taught, bring-brought, think-thought,Fall-fell, hurt-hurt, break-broke,win-won,Lose-lost2、过去式发音(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,want→wanted ( 要) need→needed (需要)(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/t /音。
help -→helped ( 帮助) laugh -→laughed (笑) look→looked (看)kiss→kissed (吻) wash -→washed ( 洗) watch→watched (注视)(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d/音。
call - +called (叫) stay→stayed (停留) cry→cried (哭)二.动词变现在分词(即-ing形式)1. 一般情况,加-ing 如:go ; ask ; look ; watch2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词,去e,再加-ing如:write ; make ; take; practice ;3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing 如:get ; sit ; run ; put ; begin ; swim ; stop ; plan ; shop三、动词第三人称单数变化规则如下:1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或o 结尾的动词,在后面加-es.例如:go- goesteach-,teaches,wash-washes ,brush-brushes ,catch-catches,do-does ,fix -fixes3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es. 例如:study-studies try-tries carry-carries,fly-flies特殊情况:do-does be-is,was have-has can-can may-may must-must need-needwill-will shall-shall dare-dare ought-ought2、动词变动词第三人称单数的发音规则:清清,浊浊,元浊。
动词的三单及不规则变化
-ole
-olen
steal
-ear
-ore
-orn
wear, bear, tear
-ow
-ew
-own
grow, blow, know, throw
-i-
-a-
-u-
sink, swim, drink, ring, sing, begin
-i-
-o-
-n
drive, rise, ride, write
-aid
say, pay
-n
-nt
-nt
burn, learn, mean
-ing,…
-ought
-ought
bring, buy, fight, think
-each
-aught
--aught
catch, teach
巧记ABC型:
原形特征
过去式
过去分词
例 词
-eak
-oke
-oken
break, speak
keep
have kept
catch a cold
have a cold
have had a cold
buy
have
have had
die
be dead
have been dead
open
be open
have been open
close
be closed
have been closed
get married
be married
have been married
fall ill
be ill
have been ill
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律(1)动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同。
①大多数动词在词尾加s,在清辅音后发音为/s/,在浊辅音及元音后发音为/z/eg:stop→stops/s/ read→reads/z/②以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,要先将y变为i,然后再加es,发音为/iz/或/z/. eg: fly→flies/z/ study→studies/iz/③以s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词,在词尾加es,发音为/iz/teach→teaches/iz/4.以o结尾的动词,在词尾加es,发音为/z/(2)do/du:→/does/iz/ say/sei/→says/sez/(3)以不发音的字母“e”结尾的开音节动词,如果结尾是/s/或/z/时,加s 后字母e与所加s一起读做/iz/eg:close→closes/iz/ rise→rises/iz/在词尾加es,发音为/iz/表达交通方式1、用介词表示(1)“by+表示交通工具的名词”,泛指“乘/坐某种交通工具”。
其中名词前不用装饰语,且只能用单数形式。
常用短语:by car , by plane , by ship , by taxi(2)“in/on+表示交通工具的名词”,泛指或特指“乘/坐某种交通工具”。
其中名词前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格等修饰语,切名词用单复数均可。
①在bus、train、boat、plane、ship等有厢、有舱的名词前,用介词in或on.We are going there in/on a bus .我们将乘公共汽车去那里。
②在bike或motorbike前,只能用介词on.③在car,taxi前,多用介词in.eg:We are going to the supermarket in Join's car .我们将坐约翰的车去超市。
(3)“by/on+表示交通工具的名词”,特指“乘/坐某一趟/辆/艘(车,船等)”。
英语动词时态变化规则
英语动词时态变化规则
动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则:
1. 一般情况直接在动词后加s ,如 read-reads。
2. 以s , x , ch , sh 结尾的单词,要在单词结尾加es ,如 watch- watches;finish-finishes。
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,要把y变为i再加es ,如carry -carries。
扩展资料
另外还有,动词现在过去式的变化规则:
(一)规则变化:
1. 一般情况在单词结尾加ed, 如 play played watch watched
2. 以e结尾的直接加d , 如 like liked live lived
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,把y变为i再加ed , 如carry carried (注意,必须是辅音字母加y结尾,不能是元音字母加y ,如play就不属于本类,而是直接加ed , 变为played )
4. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的单词,双写最后的辅音字母再加ed , 如 stop stopped , clap clapped . (注意必须是一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾,不能两个元音加一个辅音,也不能一个元音加两个辅音,必须是一加一).
(二)动词变过去式的`不规则变化:(见十二册课本56页附录)动词变现在分词的规则:
1. 一般情况直接在动词后加ing , 如 read reading play playing
2. 以不发音e结尾的,去e加ing . 如 dance dancing
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母再加ing , 如 clap clapping run running swim swimming .。
英语过去式的发音规则及复数添加规则
英语过去式的发音规则及复数添加规则名词复数添加及动词过去式变化规则规则动词词-ed的读音1、清念/t/ ,即ed 在清辅音后面念/t/ ,例:finished helped passedcooked2、元浊即ed 在元音,浊辅音后面念/d/ ,例:borrowed enjoyedcalled moved3、/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/ , 即ed 在/t/ /d/ 音后面念/id/例:wantedshouted needed counted清念/t/ ,元浊/d/ ;/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。
(1)一般动词在词尾加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ds读/dz/,ts读/ts/。
如:help→helps/helps/,know→knows/nuz/,get→gets/gets/,read→reads/ridz/(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es,-es 读/iz/。
如:guess→guesses/' siz/,fix→fixes/'fiksiz/,teach→teaches/'ti t iz/,wash→washes/'w iz/注意:go→goes/uz/,do→does/d z/以O结尾的名词到底怎么变单复数??2、以“辅音字母+o ”结尾的名词后加-es ,以元音+0 结尾的名词后加Cs注意:一般来说,以辅音字母加O结尾的,加es,而以元音字母加O结尾的,只加s,但是需要注意的是,缩写单词除外,缩略词都是加S。
比如,photo,它是photograph的缩写,就直接加s。
以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos, kangaroos,taboos2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos名词复数添加及动词过去式变化规则3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos 有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/。
动词的“三单”,ing,和过去式变化规则
动词的第三人称单数的单数及发音规则:1.一般直接在此为加-s,-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts 如help helps/s/ know knows/z/ get gets/s/ read reads/z/2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es,-es 读/iz/, 如guess guesses fix fixes teach teaches wash washes注意:go goes/z/ do does /z/3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,-ies读/iz/carry carries fly flies注意:在play---plays,say----says中,字母y前为元音字母,第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4.特俗词例外5.be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is, are, have则为has注意:以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后,字母”e”发音,与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如close closes/iz/动词的ing变化规则:1.一般情况直接加ing,如look—looking go---going visit---visiting2.以不发音的e结尾的,去e再加ing,如come---coming make---making write---writing3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母,再加ing,如run---running stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning4.以辅音字母加y结尾的,直接加ing,如study---studying carry---carrying fly---flying cry---crying5.以ie结尾的重度开音节动词,先变ie为y,再加ing,如die---dying tie---tying lie---lying动词的过去式变化规则:1.规则变化(1)一般直接在动词后加ed,-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的,直接加-d ,如live---lived move---moved hope---hoped(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-ed,(注意:如果是元音字母加y结尾的,还是直接加-ed,如,play---played,enjoy---enjoyed)如study---studied cry---cried try---tried(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed,如plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped2.不规则变化(要特俗记忆),以下是一些常见的动词的过去式am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,go-went come-came have/has-had eat-ate, take-took run-ran put-putmake-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept swim-swam sit-sat hear- heard sleep-slept let-letblow-blew hurt-hurt speak-spoke buy-bought keep-kept swim-swam eat-atecatch-caught know-knew stand-stood choose-chose lie-lay leave-left draw-drewteach –taught drink-drank make- made tell-told think-thought mean-meantfeel-felt drive-drove meet-met write –wrote find-found fly-flewforget -forgot ring -rang see -saw ride-rodegrow-grew sing-sang/sung begin-began learn-learned/learnt可数名词变复数的规则:1.规则变化:(1)一般情况下,在词尾加-s,如book---books boy---boys(2)以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es,如bus---buses watch---watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es,如city---cities family---families(4)以-f或-fe结尾的分两类,一类直接加-s,另一类大多数情况下,将-f或-fe改为v,再加-es,如,roof---roofs belief---beliefs leaf---leaves life---lives knife---knives2.不规则变化(1)元音字母发生变化man---men tooth---teeth goose---geese(2)词尾变化child---children mouse---mice(3)单复数同形sheep---sheep deer---deer fish---fish另附清辅音与浊辅音:清辅音:[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [ts] [t∫] [tr] [h]浊辅音:[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ][з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [r]音节分为开音节和闭音节,3.开音节又分为相对开音节和绝对开音节(1)相对开音节:“以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e”结尾的叫相对开音节。
英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀
英语动词第三人称单数变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀一、动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则:1)一般由动词原形加-sget-gets play-plays2)以e结尾的动词,加-slike-likes make-makes3)以o结尾的动词加-esgo-goes do-does;4)以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词,后面加-eskiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes5)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先将y变i, 再加-esfly-flies study-studies6) have –has1、一般现在时①主语+动词原型VI have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend.They have a friend.②主语(第三人称单数)+动词V(三单)-She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.2.不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表(一)、AAA. (原形,过去式和过去分词一致)1. 花费 cost cost cost2. 割 cut cut cut3. 伤害 hurt hurt hurt4. 让 let let let5. 放 put put put6. 朗读 read read read7. 设置 set set set 8.打击,碰撞 hit hit hit【9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让 let let let(二)、ABB(过去式和过去分词一致)1) 过去式、过去分词含有-ought1. 带来 bring brought brought2. 买 buy bought bought3. 打架 fight fought fought4. 想 think thought thought5. 寻找、探究 seek sought sought2) 过去式、过去分词含有-aught5. 抓住 catch caught caught6. 教 teach taught taughtt替换原形-d3) 过去式、过去分词-…7. 建筑 build built built 8. 借出 lend lent lent9. 花费 spend spent spent 10.派遣 send sent sent 4) 过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d11. 学会 learn learnt/ed learnt/ed 12. 意思 mean meant meant13. 燃烧 burn burnt/ed burnted 13. 做梦 dream dreamt/ed dreamt/ed 13. 处理 deal dealt dealt14. 听 hear heard heard5) 过去式、过去分词改为-ept15. 保持 keep kept kept 16. 睡觉 sleep slept slept17. 扫 sweep swept swept6) 过去式、过去分词改为-elt18. 感觉 feel felt fel 19. 嗅 smell smelt/ed smelt/ed 20. 拼写 spell spelt/ed spelt/ed 7) 过去式、过去分词改为-aid>20. 孵蛋 lay laid laid 21. 说 say said said 22. 支付 pay paid paid8) 过去式、过去分词改为-old23. 卖 sell sold sold24. 告诉 tell told told9) 过去式、过去分词改为-ood25 站 stand stood stood26.明白 understand understood understood10) 其它变化27.得到 get got got(gotten) 28.坐 sit sat sat29.照顾 babysit babysat babysat 30.离开 leave left left|31.失去 lose lost lost 32.找到 find found found33.有 have(has) had had 34.握住,召开 hold held held35.制造 make made made 36.悬挂 hang hung hung37.照耀 shine shone shone 39.赢 win won won40逃跑 flee fled fled 41喂feed fed fed42.引导,导致 lead led led 43遇见 meet met met三、ABA (过去式与原形一致)1.变成 become became become2. 来 come came come3. 跑 run ran run 四、ABC (原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样)1). 过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en)1. 击败 beat beat beaten2. 破坏 break broke broken3. 驾驶 drive drove driven4. 吃 eat ate eaten5. 落下 fall fell fallen6. 给 give gave given7. 生长 grow grew grown8. 知道 know knew known9. blow blew blown10. 扔 throw threw thrown&11. 展示 show showed shown12.弄错,错误 mistake mistook mistaken 13. 拿 take took taken14.摇动 shake shook shaken 15. 说 speak spoke spoken16. 选择 choose chose chosen2) 三种形式都有变化1. 是 be( is, am, are ) was/were been2. 开始 begin began begun3. 做 do did done4. 喝 drink drank drunk5. 飞fly flew flown6. 忘记 forget forgot forgotten(forgot)7. 躺 lie lay lain8. 骑 ride rode ridden 9. 打电话 ring rang rung10. 唱 sing sang sung 11. 穿 wear wore worn 12. 游泳 swim swam swum#13. 写 write wrote written 14. 去 go went gone语法(Grammar)一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成:助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词过去分词的构成方法如下 : A:1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加–ed. worked answered obeyed wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加–d. moved hoped divided3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。
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规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则
在浊辅音和元音后面[d]
called borrowed
moved[mu:vd] enjoyed
welcomed
answered
在清辅音后面[t]
asked
finished
helped[helpt]
passed[pa:st]
reached
在[t]音后面[id]
wanted['wCntid] started['sta:tid]
[d]音后面[id]
needed['ni:did] counted['kauntid]0
补充说明:
规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有:
1. 直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned
2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved
3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped
4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。
如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married
不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。
如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:
1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked, helped, watched,
stopped
2. 在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied,
moved, called
3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted, needed
不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:
1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put,
let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat
2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built,
lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent
3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant,
burn—burnt, learn—learnt
4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew,
draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew
5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:
keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt
6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。
如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词
单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。
如:
①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]
②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:
fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]
study-studies [z]; worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:
teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:
go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。
如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。
如:
close-closes [iz]
二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同:变“y”为“”现象双写最后辅音字母现象
例词:。