英语阅读理解长句技巧

阅读理解——长句分析和解题技巧2017-11-03

近年来，高考英语试卷中的阅读理解题目篇幅长、题材广，而且文章都是选自英美原版读物，句子地道。从体裁方面看，说明文、议论文、新闻报道等占有相当大的比例。因此，英语阅读理解中的长句较多，甚至某些段落就是一句话。很多学生一遇到长句往往是手足无措，不知如何应对；可是，不少长句就是后面某些题目的题眼，所以，对于备战高考的考生来说，如何破解英语中的长句尤为重要。

要正确理解长句的意义，必须掌握好英语中的句子结构，而要正确理解句子的结构，就离不开对句子的语法分析和对句子意义上的逻辑判断。在英语中构成句子的基本类型不外乎以下几种，也可以说这些基本句型是构成句子的骨架：

1.主语:→n./pron./doing/to do/句子

+系动词+表语:→n./pron./doing/to do/adj./done/句子

2.主语+及物动词+宾语:→n./pron./doing/to do/句子

3.主语+不及物动词+状语:→adv./done/doing/to do/句子

解题技巧：一、找谓语，定主语;看搭配，防分隔

Premier Wen Jiabao, pausing for a few seconds, calmly told the audience that the incident would do nothing to hold back（维持，保持）the friendship of the Chinese and British people.

示例 2

First put forward(提出) by the French mathematician（数学家）Pierre de Format in the 17th century，the theorem（理论、定理）had shocked the finest mathematical minds ，including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem，and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Eco-lab Polytechnique.

示例 3 寻关联，辨逻辑

a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，but it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.

1. On several occasions （有几次）over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in rural areas(农村地区) away from any major concentration of manufacturing（制造业）and automobile traffic（机动车辆）.

2. If this view is correct and the world’s temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice（北极冰川）will melt（融化）and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.

3. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen

though recently one government reports that the greenhouse effect（温室效应）is very possible.

D(2017 )

The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laborator y named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.

Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.

Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.

These include custom-made navigation (导航) night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”

“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”

Dr. Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.

“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.

“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”

32. What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?

A. To explore new means of transport.

B. To design new types of cars.

C. To find out older driver`s problems.

D. To teach people traffic rules.

33. Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?

A. It keeps them independent.

B. It helps them save time.

C. It builds up their strength.

D. It cures their mental illnesses.

34. What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?

A. Improve their driving skills.

B. Develop driver-assist technologies.

C. Provide tips on repairing their cars.

D. Organize regular physical checkups.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. A new Model Electric Car

B.A Solution to Traffic Problem