电子商务chap05中文

–Resolving any issues that arise after receiving the ordered goods and services
–解决收货后出现的问题
Purchasing Activities采购活动 Activities采购活动
• Procurement includes all purchasing activities, plus the monitoring of all elements of purchase transactions. “采购”一词涵盖所有购买活动以及对购买过程中 所有活动的监控 • By using a Web site to process orders, the vendors in this market can save the cost of printing and shipping catalogs and the cost of handling telephone orders. 在网络上处理订单可以让供应商节省印刷与邮寄 产品目录的成本和处理电话订购的成本。
Training and Knowledge Management培训与知识管理 Management培训与知识管理
• One common activity that underlies multiple primary activities is training. 支持多种关键活动的一个常见活动就是培训。 • Knowledge management is another support activity that intentionally collects, classifies, and disseminates information about a company, its products, and its processes. 知识管理是专门收集、分类和发布有关企业、产品和业务流程的信息。 • BroadVision has installed K-Net, or Knowledge Network, that organizes all the information sources that its employees use regularly in their jobs. • 宏道（BroadVision）公司的内部知识网（K-Net）将自己员工在 工作中经常使用的信息源组织起来。
5.2.5 E-Government电子政务 E-Government电子政务
• Although governments do not typically sell products or services to customers, they do perform many functions for their stakeholders. 虽然政府并不向客户销售产品或服务，但他们要为利益相关者执行 许多职能。 • Governments also perform business-like activities; for example, they employ people, buy supplies from vendors, and distribute benefit payments of many kinds. 政府也会进行类似企业的活动，如雇佣员工、采购用品、发放工资 和福利。 • The use of electronic commerce by governments and government agencies to perform these function is often called e-government. • 政府及其机构利用电子商务执行这些职能称为电子政务。
Chapter 5
Business-toBusiness-to-Business Strategies: From Electronic Data Interchange to Electronic Commerce 企业间电子商务战略(B2B) 企业间电子商务战略(B2B) EDI到电子商务 从EDI到电子商务
电子商务VS传统商务 电子商务VS传统商务B2B传Fra bibliotek商务C2C
B2C
2
Learning Objectives学习目标 Objectives学习目标
In this chapter, you will learn about: • Strategies that businesses use to improve purchasing, logistics, and other support activities 改进采购、物流和其他支持活动的业务战略; • Electronic data interchange, how it works, and how businesses are moving it to the Internet • 电子数据交换(EDI)及其工作原理; • How businesses are moving electronic data interchange operations to the Internet • 企业在互联网上开展EDI的方式;
Learning Objectives学习目标 Objectives学习目标
•Supply chain management and how businesses are using the Internet and Web technologies to improve it
供应链管理及企业用互联网和WWW技术改进供 应链管理的方法;
•Electronic marketplaces and portals that make purchase-sale negotiations easier and more efficient
提高采购与销售业务效率的电子集市与门户。
Purchasing, Logistics, and Support Activities
Purchasing Activities采购活动 Activities采购活动
• Businesses make a distinction between direct and indirect materials. • 企业认为直接物料与间接物料完全不同 • Direct materials are those materials that become part of the finished product. • 直接物料是指在生产过程中进入成品的物料； • Indirect materials are all other materials that the company purchases. • 间接物料是公司采购的其他物料
5.2.3 Logistic Activities物流活动 Activities物流活动
• The classic objective of logistics is to provide the right goods in the right quantities in the right place at the right time. 物流以前的目标是在正确时间将正确数量的正确物品送 到正确地点。 • Businesses have been increasing their use of information technology to achieve this objective.
• Online Benefits is a firm that duplicates its clients’ human resource functions on a secure Web site that is accessible to clients’ employees. Online Benefits帮助一家公司将该公司客户的人力资源职 能复制在加密的网站上，实现客户的员工可访问此网站。 • Support activities include:支持活动包括： –Finance and administration 财务与行政管理 –Human resources 人力资源 –Technology development 技术开发
企业是通过加强信息技术的应用来实现这个目标。
• FedEx and UPS have freight tracking Web pages available to their customers. • 联邦快递公司(FedEx)和联合包裹公司(UPS)已为顾客 提供了网站上货运跟踪。
5.2.4 Support Activities支持活动 Activities支持活动
采购—物流— 采购—物流—支持活动
• Electronic commerce possesses the potential for cost reduction and business process improvement in purchasing, logistics, and support activities. 在采购—物流—支持活动过程中，为了节省的成本和对业务 流程的改进，电子商务发挥了巨大的潜力。 • An emerging characteristic of purchasing, logistics, and support activities is that they need to be flexible.
E-Government电子政务 Government电子政务
• The U.S. government’s Financial Management Service (FMS) opened its Web site, . 2000年，美国政府的财政管理局（FMS）建立了网站 • FMS is responsible for receiving the government’s tax, license, and other fee revenue. FMS部门主要负责接收政府的税费收入， • FMS is responsible for paying out Social Security benefits, veterans benefits, tax refunds, and other disbursements. FMS部门并负责发放社保金、退休金、退税及其他支出。 • State governments are also creating their own Web sites for conducting business and interacting with their stakeholders. 州政府也建立网站开展业务并与利益相关者沟通。