2020雅思阅读基础讲义
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Post:
postwar, postdate, postmodern, postposition, postscript
Hyper:
hyperactive, hypertension
Mono:
monotone, monorail, monarch
Suffixes:
-graphy:
demography, photography, calligraphy, biography
To make a prediction about extinction we need to understand the processes that can contribute to it and these fall into four broad categories which are discussed below.
Construction of words Prefixes Out:
outrage, outcome, outlook, outbreak, outside, outlaw,outclass
Fore:
foresee, foretell, foreland, foresight, foremost, foreground
三种同义替换形式
同义词设计 同义词组 句子的转换
同义转换
原文：Computers are gaining in popularity， despite their cost.
题目：Computers are more popular than they used to be.
原文：The Internet has often been criticized by the international society as a newlyemerging dangerous tool in the hands of terrorists.
原文：…biological control, involving the selective use of natural enemies of the pest population…
题目中描述的关系或事实驳斥原文
题目：Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Community.
Suffixes:
-al:
refusal, arrival, survival, denial
-ics:
genetics, physics, linguistics, aeronautics, athletics,
-less:
countless, stainless, wireless, useless, flawless, effortless
原文：Those confined to particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discarded.
题目中变化最小的词性才能是定位词 （动词、形容词、副词可暂不考虑，因为最容
易词义转换）
最安全的定位词种类
A：一般情况下名词以及形容词的比较 级和最高级（注意more, less, er, est, most 这些帮我们找到比较级和最高级 的符号，绝不首选动词）。
B：最常见的定位词： 首字母大写的信息、数字、时间、和人 相关的信息、学科、不认识的奇怪的单 词。
Sentences Reading
化繁为简
主谓宾：
主系表:
动词
从句连接词 修饰成份
That, which, who等 分词 动词不定式等
长难句特点
主语很长 Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.
题目：The international society has often criticized the Internet because it is not safe.
同义转换
原文：It has been proved that a rapid response leads to a great likelihood of arrest only if it is 1-2 minutes after a call is received by police. When the response time increases to 3-4 minutes， the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.
题目和原文出现
一组反义词
60%
低
题目中描述的关
系或事实驳斥原 文描述
40%
高
题目中描述的关系或事实驳斥原文
题目：Biological control entails using synthetic chemicals to try and change the genetic make-up of the pests’ offspring
长难句重点
关注but，however, yet, on the other hand, whereas,
nonetheless, nevertheless
等转折处。 关注，suggest，reveal，unveil，argue，
assume，define，represent，oppose等词后 面的宾语从句。
Inter:
interact, interconnect, intercontinental Over:
overcrowded, overbridge, overcast, overlook
Prefixes
Trans:
transform, transplant, transact, transient
De:
descend, degrade, deforest, depress, depart, deteriorate
Extra: extra time, extravagant, extravert, extracurricular
Prefixes
Super:
Supernatural, supersonic, supervision, superficial
并列结构
Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect.
雅思基础阅读
雅思阅读分类 A 类 vs. G 类
文章 题目数 做题时间 文章内容 文章长短
A类
3篇学术类 40题 60minutes 除政治、宗教
1200-1500
G类
4篇生活化小文章和1篇 学术类大文章
40题
60minutes
广告，使用说明，学校 规定，服务类
400-1200
雅思阅读考什么？
1. 词汇 2. 细节查找能力 3. 同义转换 4. 段落、篇章结构
Anti:
antibody, anti-bacterial, anticlockwise, antioxidant
Non:
nonviolence, nonperson, nonfiction, nonpartisan, nonfiction
Im:
Impartial, immortal, immature, immigrant, imperil impersonate instable, inadequate, inborn, irresponsible, irrational, illegal, illegible
-ive:
active, impressive, decisive, respective, affirmative
-able:
movable, applicable, understandable
Suffixes:
-ise/-ize:
modernize, westernize, mechanize, realize
题目：A delay of 1-2 minutes in response may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.
定位词Key words
什么是定位词？
什么样的词可以做为定位词：
Un: unbreakable, unalterable, unashamed
Prefixes
Aero:
aerobics, aerobatics, aerospace
Ex:
Exclude, expel, exhale, external, exterior, extend
Sub:
submarine, subtitle, subdue, submerge, submission
-ence:
insistence, dependence, residence, influence, obedience
-ism:
opportunism, Confucianism, Buddhism, hedonism, idealism
-hood:
boyhood ,manhood, adulthood, womanhood, bachelorhood
-sion:
conclusion, expression, discussion, expansion
Suffixes:
-ible:
audible, eligible, terrible, horrible
-ful:
beautiful, wonderful. Helpful, grateful,colorful
雅思阅读考试题型
list of headings matching true/false, yes/no, not given multiple choice summary short answer questions sentence completion diagram/flowchart/table completion
最安全的定位词种类
C: 特殊优先：数字（百分比、百度文库度、 货币符号）、大写字母（时间、地 点 、专有名词）
什么样的词不可以做为定位词：
1）常用词
2）文章的主题词，包括文章标题出 现的词和与标题内容相关的词
3）同一题型内部重复出现的词
雅思阅读判断题讲解
False的命题原则
命题原则
占所有false题概率 相对难度
雅思基础阅读学习内容
Vocabulary Enlarging. synonyms Learning Sentence Reading. Paragraph Reading. Article Reading. Key words and relational words.
Vocabulary Learning
复合句
When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
-en:
weaken, broaden, widen, shorten
-ify:
purify, intensify, signify, simplify, classify, identify
-ist:
dentist, feminist, arsonist, chemist, physicist,
postwar, postdate, postmodern, postposition, postscript
Hyper:
hyperactive, hypertension
Mono:
monotone, monorail, monarch
Suffixes:
-graphy:
demography, photography, calligraphy, biography
To make a prediction about extinction we need to understand the processes that can contribute to it and these fall into four broad categories which are discussed below.
Construction of words Prefixes Out:
outrage, outcome, outlook, outbreak, outside, outlaw,outclass
Fore:
foresee, foretell, foreland, foresight, foremost, foreground
三种同义替换形式
同义词设计 同义词组 句子的转换
同义转换
原文：Computers are gaining in popularity， despite their cost.
题目：Computers are more popular than they used to be.
原文：The Internet has often been criticized by the international society as a newlyemerging dangerous tool in the hands of terrorists.
原文：…biological control, involving the selective use of natural enemies of the pest population…
题目中描述的关系或事实驳斥原文
题目：Problems in Nordic countries were excluded because they are outside the European Economic Community.
Suffixes:
-al:
refusal, arrival, survival, denial
-ics:
genetics, physics, linguistics, aeronautics, athletics,
-less:
countless, stainless, wireless, useless, flawless, effortless
原文：Those confined to particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering the Mediterranean or the Nordic countries therefore had to be discarded.
题目中变化最小的词性才能是定位词 （动词、形容词、副词可暂不考虑，因为最容
易词义转换）
最安全的定位词种类
A：一般情况下名词以及形容词的比较 级和最高级（注意more, less, er, est, most 这些帮我们找到比较级和最高级 的符号，绝不首选动词）。
B：最常见的定位词： 首字母大写的信息、数字、时间、和人 相关的信息、学科、不认识的奇怪的单 词。
Sentences Reading
化繁为简
主谓宾：
主系表:
动词
从句连接词 修饰成份
That, which, who等 分词 动词不定式等
长难句特点
主语很长 Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.
题目：The international society has often criticized the Internet because it is not safe.
同义转换
原文：It has been proved that a rapid response leads to a great likelihood of arrest only if it is 1-2 minutes after a call is received by police. When the response time increases to 3-4 minutes， the likelihood of an arrest is substantially reduced.
题目和原文出现
一组反义词
60%
低
题目中描述的关
系或事实驳斥原 文描述
40%
高
题目中描述的关系或事实驳斥原文
题目：Biological control entails using synthetic chemicals to try and change the genetic make-up of the pests’ offspring
长难句重点
关注but，however, yet, on the other hand, whereas,
nonetheless, nevertheless
等转折处。 关注，suggest，reveal，unveil，argue，
assume，define，represent，oppose等词后 面的宾语从句。
Inter:
interact, interconnect, intercontinental Over:
overcrowded, overbridge, overcast, overlook
Prefixes
Trans:
transform, transplant, transact, transient
De:
descend, degrade, deforest, depress, depart, deteriorate
Extra: extra time, extravagant, extravert, extracurricular
Prefixes
Super:
Supernatural, supersonic, supervision, superficial
并列结构
Other identifiable causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing incidence of child abuse and child neglect.
雅思基础阅读
雅思阅读分类 A 类 vs. G 类
文章 题目数 做题时间 文章内容 文章长短
A类
3篇学术类 40题 60minutes 除政治、宗教
1200-1500
G类
4篇生活化小文章和1篇 学术类大文章
40题
60minutes
广告，使用说明，学校 规定，服务类
400-1200
雅思阅读考什么？
1. 词汇 2. 细节查找能力 3. 同义转换 4. 段落、篇章结构
Anti:
antibody, anti-bacterial, anticlockwise, antioxidant
Non:
nonviolence, nonperson, nonfiction, nonpartisan, nonfiction
Im:
Impartial, immortal, immature, immigrant, imperil impersonate instable, inadequate, inborn, irresponsible, irrational, illegal, illegible
-ive:
active, impressive, decisive, respective, affirmative
-able:
movable, applicable, understandable
Suffixes:
-ise/-ize:
modernize, westernize, mechanize, realize
题目：A delay of 1-2 minutes in response may have substantial influence on whether or not a suspected criminal is caught.
定位词Key words
什么是定位词？
什么样的词可以做为定位词：
Un: unbreakable, unalterable, unashamed
Prefixes
Aero:
aerobics, aerobatics, aerospace
Ex:
Exclude, expel, exhale, external, exterior, extend
Sub:
submarine, subtitle, subdue, submerge, submission
-ence:
insistence, dependence, residence, influence, obedience
-ism:
opportunism, Confucianism, Buddhism, hedonism, idealism
-hood:
boyhood ,manhood, adulthood, womanhood, bachelorhood
-sion:
conclusion, expression, discussion, expansion
Suffixes:
-ible:
audible, eligible, terrible, horrible
-ful:
beautiful, wonderful. Helpful, grateful,colorful
雅思阅读考试题型
list of headings matching true/false, yes/no, not given multiple choice summary short answer questions sentence completion diagram/flowchart/table completion
最安全的定位词种类
C: 特殊优先：数字（百分比、百度文库度、 货币符号）、大写字母（时间、地 点 、专有名词）
什么样的词不可以做为定位词：
1）常用词
2）文章的主题词，包括文章标题出 现的词和与标题内容相关的词
3）同一题型内部重复出现的词
雅思阅读判断题讲解
False的命题原则
命题原则
占所有false题概率 相对难度
雅思基础阅读学习内容
Vocabulary Enlarging. synonyms Learning Sentence Reading. Paragraph Reading. Article Reading. Key words and relational words.
Vocabulary Learning
复合句
When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
-en:
weaken, broaden, widen, shorten
-ify:
purify, intensify, signify, simplify, classify, identify
-ist:
dentist, feminist, arsonist, chemist, physicist,