初中英语复习知识思维导图及结构
「初中英语」暑假“狂啃”这16张英语思维导图，初中三年语法都不愁！
「初中英语」暑假“狂啃”这16张英语思维导图，初中三年
语法都不愁！
学习英语，最为关键的阶段就是初中。
作为一名语言类学科，最基础也是最重要的语法规则都是在初中开始系统学习，常用的单词也是初中开始频繁使用，这一时期打下的基础和养成的英语学习方法，往往会影响到以后的英语学习状态。
但是，语法规则是学生们普遍都觉得难度很大的部分，毕竟与自己平时习以为常的汉语表达方式相去甚远，而且英语中有很多汉语不会存在的规则，例如时态，就让很多学生吃了大亏。
在英语课上，老师的节奏一般都很快，不少学生在平时没有跟上，很容易放弃自我。
那么在暑假这么集中的时间段，英语薄弱的同学，就可以对自己的弱项进行针对性强化和突破。
为了帮助到更多的孩子解决英语语法学习上的苦恼，老师今天给大家分享16张英语思维导图，能够把复杂的语法梳理清晰，便于对比和理解，也更容易掌握，希望同学们好好利用，让自己暑期收获满满！下学期以更好的姿态去学习！
今天就分享到这里了，希望对孩子们的学习有所帮助，更多干货，之后持续为您呈现！。
第六章副词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
lately 最近
most 非常;最
mostly 主要地n来自ar 接近nearly 差不多
wide 广阔地;充分地 widely 广泛地
三、副词的分类 (一)时间副词 表 示 动 作 发 生 的 时 间 . 常 见 的 有 now ,then, soon, afterwards, before, lately, presently, early, late, later,
(二)由形容词＋词尾-ly 变来的副词
这些多数是方式副词.如 bravely, quickly, quietly, greatly, carefully, gladly, slowly, deeply, clearly, firmly,
simply 等.
(三)与形容词同形的副词
如 early, enough, far, fast, long, low, little, high, late, lively 等.注意以下副词的不同意义:
第六章 副词 思维导图
知识梳理
一、副词的定义
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词,主要用作状语,表示时间、地点、程度,方式等概
念.
二、副词的形式
(一)简单副词
这类副词本身就是副词,没有特殊的词尾.now, how, there, quite, very, always, too, back, again 等.
(四)程度副词 有时又叫强调副词,有的从程度上强调,用来回答 how much 这类问题,可用来修饰形容词、副词,有的还可 用来修饰动词、介词短语、名词、代词和从句等.常见的有 a bit, very, quite, rather, much, too, pretty, so, awfully, almost, entirely, nearly, never, partially, wholly, especially, even, exactly, just, only, simply 等.这类副词一般位于 它所修饰的词的前面. (五)频度副词 描绘一定时间内动作发生的频率的副词.常见的有 always, ever, frequently, never, often, rarely, seldom, sometimes, usually, unusually 等. (六)疑问副词(一般用于特殊问句句首) 主要用来构成特殊疑问句.常见的有 how, when, where, why, what 等. (七)句子副词 这类副词往往和整个句子具有松散的语法关系,而并非修饰某个动词,actually, by all(no)means, decidedly, evidently, generally, frankly, indeed, in my opinion, unexpectedly, no , now, obviously, yes ,undoubtedly, luckily, seriously 等. (八)连接副词 用来连接句子、分句或从句,表示各种关系. 1.表示结果 therefore 因此, accordingly 从而
初中英语思维导图一
一位名师想对同学们说酋先•祝贺你在美诲学习上拥有了这本现代化的堪维工具!什么是思维导图?效.欣射性恐考是人矣大脑的自然思考方氏，毎一种进入大脑的费料，不论是感丸.记忆克是想法——包括丈字.毀字.线条.濒色等，都可以成为一个思才中心，并由此中心向外发哦出成千上万的关节点• # 一个关节点代表与中心主题的一个连结，而每一个连结又可以成为另一个中心主题，再向外发散出成千上万的关节点. 这就如同大脑神蛭元的图像.思维导图运用图文并重的扶巧，把&圾主题的关系用相«初中英语话题思维导图》的相关内容.逸择自己專欢的内容.添加.丰富自己的積习导图，自主拼读析词・写一写：借助自己所画的思维导图.结合Grammar Focus中的句子.根据角身实际情况.写出三俎何答句. iC-＜:看箱自己皑的思维导图.妹习自问自各或者根攥课时话题.练习連续it几句与话题有关的话. 评一评：自主讦价自己的理竝览程，写下白己的收获和田惑.上课时・与老师和同学分享收获・解答漲惑.课前預习作业范例：以＜go for it＞七上Unil9第一课时为例：A-4:课林打开你的功课表，在茂习本上画一幅学科龙称的思维导图.不用fel书能頁出来的用蓝笔或*笔.瓷找資料拓展漳加的用红笔.備助学习工具自主拼读折词.不会拼读的做记号.拓一拓：想一想.你还能在自己的思维导图上添加什么？打开《初中英语话題恐维导图》的相关部分.逸井自己喜欢的內容，浄刼、丰富自己的导图.思维导图又叫心智图・它是一种高效的图彫思绒工具・是将放射性思才具冰化的方法.它简单却又极其有画一画拓一拥写一写it-说评一评：ABCABC ABC ABC ABC目我if价：ABC小俎评价：ABC我的枚获和29惑：骞一頁：借助你自己的忌维孑图・在H习本上田#下列问题：Wha" your favorite subject? Why do you like it? Who is your favorite icacher? Why do you like himher?说一汎：催助昭维导图・根捋血己的实薛情况，逸一个科!）• it-R话（羊有余力的学生t<）.例如.有住学生WUL: My favorite subject is English. Because 1 think ifs interesting and useful. My English teacher is Miss Wu. She's kind and funny. Her class is very exciting. I like her very much.评一评：f］主评价自己钓学习it®・写下自己的收茯和田惑.（2）课中学习五步：丸一说・A-A. A-A.体一& 评一评汎一汎：上课时•你可以拿出自己負的导图.ti Wanning up环爷中•易老獰进行话足对话隊习.如：（无七年觑T Unit 3第3课叶导图部分）A: Which animal <l<» \<>u like?B: I like the..・A: Why do you like him/her?4A-A：在热密港动中.习内客.师生可以在交浪过程中.呉同渥渐完成黑板上的思维导图•（如七上Unit9第一课时导入部分）at—flt：在师生互动交沈中.你可以唳收别人所说的駢的內客・連步尤鼻自己的及习柞业思维导图• 集_妹・備助思维导图你可以岛同伴一起体习lc中的叶话.并根攥勺己的实傢生活.进行适当拓展.评：你可以在四人小俎中与同¥_起相互分享.督叠做此课#T陽的思堆#图.在it一过租中，你们可以相互孕习，取長补鮭，丰富自己的导图.小俎还可以推逸本组聂全而的思维导图良示给全班・好习惯就是在这种和互分耳、相互评价的过殍中徐此的・（3）课后自主复习.整理.迁莎三少：写一禹.评一评：丄二山・*“岛_為：下课后，你可以训旳休息时佝，拿出一张4A城.用彩笔魚一幅本课廿的思績导田（知识厨）.•》的过』是知识內化钓过程，也曼检检白己对本课时的舫识ru«<・复习所学內客沟过租・再次读《初中莫•语话题想朮(2) 课中学习五步：听一听•说一说.品一品.练一练•评一评听一听：合书看松自己的思维导图.听整篇文章.既能激活预习内家•也能培养学生的听能.it-it:凹冬老师布鼻的阅读题(对条习作业的检测).*-*：小俎合作.选出经典诃俎与句子.并就文章的某一观点五某一佳句展升讨论.M-M：«初中養语话题思维导图》趾者自己蠱的课文柜架思维导田・试着复述课文.评一评：小俎合作学巧•比絞彼此的阅读思维导图框架.学习他人长处.补尢自己的阅读导图•逸出本俎聂仕思维导图；(3) 课后自主复习.整理、迁移三步：背一腎・体一练•评一评#-#：帳播自己的思维导图扳耆《初中莫语话题思维导图讥试箱夏述课文大盘或者井诵仝丈・M-M:完成一篇阅读.一篇尢型・将两篇俎文的文章枢集画出来・并林杪经典句败经典收落・评一评：5CM课后作___________________3.课-«*导图五五三学习法二(1) «««习五步：*-*•划一划•说一说■乌一每・评一评•禹一■:阅读整篇丈章(3A),凹签老师审且的阅读题•并根捋丈章脉络・血丈章的结构田.打开《初中英语话题恐维#图》本课时的内客.肴希导图上衍陕的內客与自己所®的有什么区别？取长补*4・划一划：划出本文的经典句•经典诃俎和自己皿懂的句于・借助学习工具・自主学习难句・借助《初中美语话越思•矩导图九夏述课丈.模仿导图册上的导图，画一幡与自己生活相关的导图.牴据导图说一段话(学有余力的学生定成).抿据所風导图・写一篇与勺己生活相关的姮文.畠一品：阅读课丈・用关健词完成下列导图.借助学习工具才能完成的祁分用红笔. 划一划：划出屁文的经典句•蛭典词俎和自己单懂的句于.选一篇课丈.洌色其beginning lending. itTt:用思尬导图負一个你最鼻欢的动物仕息.试册根拇思维导图・用英语口头描述it动轲. 禹一頁：将你描述的内零，頁戍一篇U丈：My favorite animal （学有余力的学生定戍）.背一會练一络评一评ARC ABC自我评价：小组评价：我的收茯和E目馬：it—it:頁一写:评—if：A-A划一划说一说骂一頁评一评：ABCABC ABC ABC ABC自我评价：小俎评价：我的枚後和目3«：-9-评一评：tA.fi主学习评价表•（2）课中学习五步：iC-it・*-*.练一体.頁一頁・评一评・itTt:上课时.拿出自己晶的导图.41 Warning up中.与老师进行话塑对话第习.*-*：在Arning up师生丈沈的i±枚中.共冋遵漸尢戍*板上的总维占图.根攥勺己的生活实际.依握本课时话越.萇-M想维导图.M-M：四人小俎合柞学习，根攥自己钓思维导图.雇俎內说一段话.推举说的聂好的点仝班展示. 写一頁：小俎合作.根据作丈框娱及话题.小俎版员分工丸成一篇话题作丈.评一评：•卜俎代41展.示本组优殊作文.其他同学与老师进行讦价.（3）课后自主11习.M.进移三步：A-A：根攥老师布鼻的作丈.険一皿恐血导图・耳—垮：坊一爲话题作文.评一评：根採中（1）课前預习五步：*-*. t-t.頁一乌・评一评■ «-»A-*：根据单元话題中心词.翼三块內容的恐维导田：本草元话题诃块思维导图；本单尢的作丈柜架思#1导图：艮单尢立点句型思维导图；根攥能力拓展相关巳学内客；读《初中美语话题思维#图》・逸择内冬.丰富自己的单尢思维导图.背一脅：借助思维导图勲练复述3■课文的步專：借助3■背诵的第一张思朮导图：图令句子.希册图熟练朗读句于: 文字和图彫的对应关系熟悉后.看3a的第二農思尬导田：图•捉示词.试舟口述讯文；经过若千次复述后.看3a 肯诚的跖二张饱83片的思殂号田・fltWffi片回忆课K;不右忠銀导出.一边回忆谢片，一边回忆课文.写一写：根拇单元话题与自身生活休验.*-♦*作文柜嫔的导图.然后坊一爲话更作文.评一评：帳捋中扌作丈评分标冷.你可以白主评价自己的作丈■写出评价语和困危.«-«：整理自己的本周错题集・发现何遞・学会恐考•学会与同伴分享学习心科.讨论自己的困惑・复习课预刁作业范例：M 0 #4;T Unit8 Td like some noodles・*-*:墊理礼单元学习內客.屬一♦*本单元食物词块的思维导图.用黑笔骂下你已经知道的词汇.用红笔写下折展內容戎比较皿拿44的内窑.判斷这些词汇是可敦名词还是不可數名词.在边上坊上［U］（不可做）［C］（可數）or （C- U］（可敎与不可做均可）.冷了本草元的学习的內客.还有哪些其他食物矣別及相应词汇呜？请在导图上添触（述做）.以-HOUSE OF NOODLES为题，画作文柜架思维导图•t-fr：催助下列思维导图册的两幅图，背诵本单元3a・屋越校®的逸第一幅图（关帔句♦图）说图.基越絞好的逸第二♦*图（关健词♦图）说图.优片学生逸择第三帕图（住图）说图.-II-评一评：根据中考作丈分标准.请对自己的作丈勺批自改.并写出自己的评价语和困惑.理一理：楚理自己的本周错题集・发现问题.学会恐才■学会与同伴分享学习心得.讨论自己的困惑.（2）复习课课中学习五步：说一说・A-A, *-*,评一评•说-说• *-*：说画结合.在老师的引导下，边说.边禹，庄*板上.集体完成本单元知识导图.:四人小俎合作学习，品一品科人的导图.取长$皿・丰富.険正自己的导田.笄向全班推荐本俎有优秀导图.该廉节中•小姐版员在義师的引导下，学会欣宜・学习住句.佳作.评一评：四人小俎合作评价披此的作丈，相互学习，取长*血.根攥中考作丈评分标准.评一评别人的作文.评钓过租是学习和餐賞的过程.-is-（3）课后自主X习.整理.迁移三步：A-A.写一写.评一评A-*:拿出一张4A细.，用彩笔持原来的三帕单元知识图（词块.作文.句里）用彩笔总成一帕大的本单元恐维导图.再次读《初中英语思维导图册》本单元內客.选择内客.润色自己的导图.将畠的单元知识体系导图14在自己的书桌上方（目标可视化）.这样的图也是期中期未复习的資轩库.頁一写：润邑自己的单元作丈.学有余力的学生可就本单元话题.换角度写另一篇作文.评一评：对自•初中莫语话题思维导图》钓其他用法：♦你可以1刘命个草元的中文本・将立点词俎勾出札i««l译戍莫语・加后打开翼语的賂维导81检左自己钓Hl译. 写K的做记号.它是听頁的好助手・♦你可以看着思维导图隊习口译.自同.自枳毎习莫语口语.思堆导图给了你词纬才话的指示图.♦你可以将a初中莫语话融賂危导图》用徵课內舍作斜对话的学习工具.儁助总績导■!可以与同桌练习片话.与小俎合作用莫语完版一瑣任务•恐维导图是你妹习对话的工具箱.你表达所京要的词汇.句空,里而都有.它是你学习莫语的私人小助手••♦借助恐■导图•你可以调嫌莫语写作的・相关词汇的收集与餐理.忌箪导图给你捉供了本草元话旭霉作的语料△•你可以借助恶维导图的作文框架给习養语话题脱口秀.说熟了，才有可能下笔如有神.♦在课堂内•你还可以将老獰上课所说的重点用貼标签的方法.直接记点思维导田的相关词汇欢.句里上.它是一-16-本视竟拔仕.■点.皿点一目了然的课堂笔记本.♦借輪思他导图.你可以进行再创遗・用彩笔•个41化的.图文并茂的莫褊话題忌K导图手杪报.♦借助恐维导图•你可以进行備环莫语听乌.扩展莫语写作等•你还可以4HM6&的理解在图上潘炽辑的诃汇和句型.臭丽的莫语句子.诞诵等•♦催助思绘导田•你可以爪握白己的理解，晶出白己聂琅拿搓的询汇和句左・这就是属亍你白己的忌绘导EBMK 的用这种方法，你的这本思维导图就如同是聚宝食・好句子赠集烛多.将来还可以陪伴你进入高中的莫语学习.如何养成运用思维导图学习英语的好习惯一个好习慣的养成是有它自身的循环规律的.只要你尊重这样的循环.衣化你的执行力.你就能列达成功钓缄岸.思维导图的便用也是如此. 首光.你要有一个积极的心态：♦相导图11 一现代工具是你学习钓助推M・不仅很多的S）内外科学家.而宜很多清华.北大的学子欄以自己的学习经脸证明了这一点.♦相仕恳于话题.彩图♦文字範理的词块与语块的记忆要比背枯燥的草诃表有败得$•也有趣得多.只要你记住了.就一定会在口语和话題写作中运用自如.♦ 11主要的是相仕你自己！一介人天生的聪明与否是别并不大•优等生舸后进生最关《的是别在于他们的行为习慣.执行力舸坠捋力.只要你想改变自己.并付诸于行动.你就一定能戍坊！其次•你要有济斷的目标和周详的计划单尢词汇与句型的学习目标都在思绘导图上了.你可以在老师的指导下.根摊你自身原有的莫语水平.将这些目标内呑细化，创作一祇记忆表格.坊上尢成记忆的內客.限定时间和评命•然后一步一步尢向成功.•17.谈论再好（.................................. Q \做比较1 wurj^m (71-74 ui )^附求(75-78 rJl) 动诚过云式、独去分讯｛晰礼豊［求谕求允许丿 --------------------谈论未来的打外他康（413处假期计划（44-16 X ） 生活U 杯（646701）”年级（上）话题谈论做串俏的频*谈论未来的Hi我们钦佩的人（62衣页）❻^71❹ 交通工具（47,9页）｝谈论到达集地的方，谈论名人｛学校族"I 如❻rQ igi4l (50-52^谈论过£的帮怙谈论义务 4 家烹许(56-JWil) 发岀、搖受和拒*®yr 描述个［:林 〔抜照说明丿I人人待质（53-555（）谈论个人料晰人物比较Unit 1 How often do you exercise? 基础知识思维导图Animal Worlddo some houseu oflMirf the Internetpby the pianoguitar'.pity withdo homeworktwice a monthstudy fee the English testplay sporugo d imming dnnk milkfly kitesdnnk fniit juicecat junk foodunhealthycat chocolitc〔•Z .1 fnpdrink coflce^cokc、lccp for nine hoursFree timeacthitcsHealthyEatingHow often do you go to the movies? I go tothe movies once a weekA: Whit do you often do on weekends? B: Ioften go (o the movies.go to the moviesA: Do you often phy sporn (with ...) after school? B: No,never. 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'J food and excrciM： help me to %tudy better.They arc good f« 21山I try to eat... every <by Ldon't like h«*y everhn pretty/kind ofhadthy. °JI have a healthy lifestyle »，I keep in good health \f—My eating hibiU>arc pretty good.eating habitsI usually run tn the morning. ° \I often take a walk after dinner. exercising habit*]phy sports with fnends after schoolon weekends.alwaysloveeverydayusually/ottcn likethree or four times a weekI “ fhits ... tunes a week, g a hdp us 9 Zthy.厂fhiit 丿An apple aday keeps <bc doctor away.junk foodI CM well every <by milk f\dnnking habitssometimesdon't mind~<、once or twice a *cckTh ilih is health.(proverbs)J E«tinf little and speaking link cin never do harm.I love vcgcsblc・ because they are good for healthAnd I always try to cat a lo( of vegetable! like watching news oo TV. Ifs intmstin& I watch itthree or four times a week.I ,lccp nine hours every night.Early to bed and early lo rise, makes aman healthy, wealthy and wise. AtI do homework every evening.1 Z Hngh,h txx>ks-magazines three time* a week. Mudying habitsetampki I don、mind rmlk. Although it is good for myhealth. I only drink it once or twxe a week.I can't stand coffee. Ifs not delicKMa. so I never drink itI don't like junk food. If» bad for health.So I hardly ever eal junk food.I often help my brother with his lexxom.Unit 2 VVhatS the matter? 基础知识思维导图hw a血伽心diet O cu! zithy fbod ❷m.lkCit yin foods l.ketofu ❸fruitsdrink lots of water Qdnnk some tcu willi honey 0cat unhealthy food ❶eat toomuch junk food ❷cat too much hot food ❸cat loomuch yang food Qtake a walktake more exercise Oplay sportsliMcn to gentle music lo relax ❷vegetablestooth - teethhave a xcrious stomach^ichchave a lot of headacheshave enough sdeep ❺go tobed early ❻lie down andrest ❼drink cold water ❺drink toomuch coflccQ cat too many snacksOfacerx»scmouthcar hand foot-feethave a temblctoothachetalk with best friends ❸learn to be friendly to other* O stay up alnight OC»houldVwatch TV late ❷have a backachehcalthi 1)have a foot achehave an eye ache have a neck acheplay computer games too late ❸play computer gamesfor too long O ,lccp too late o go to bed loo late ❺wmsome hinny game shows before sleeping ❻de anythingexciting before going to bed ❼/XMy leg / ba:k hurts.My head aches a lot.I have a pain in my back.Qaehe^f h"an arm ache have a soreback have a sore throathave a sore leg have asore foot have a sore arwhave soresneezeI have a high fever. Ihave a bad cold.。
人教版初中英语九年级全册语法知识点思维导图
｀how引导的特殊疑问句by+doing sthThe+比较级，the+比较级It's+形容词+for sb to do sth Sb find it+形容词+to do sth 固定搭配的用法finish doing sth/t 「y to do sthwhat引导的感叹旬What+ (a/an)+ad」＋名词(+主话＋谓语＋其他）lHow+ad」/adv+主语＋谔语＋其他l情态动词wou ld 、could 的用法Could you please tell me how to get to the post office ?Section A How I Learned to Learn EnglishSection B How Can You Become a Successful Learner?Section A Full Moon,Full FeelingsSection B The Spirit of ChristmasSection A Fun T imePark-Always a Fun TimeUnit1 How can we become good learners7Unit2 I think thatmooncakes are delicious!Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?Could you please tell me where the 「estau「ants a「e?used to do 的用法I used to be af 「aid of the dark. 形容词最离级的用；the+序数词＋最窝级+N 第几One of the/形容词性物主代词+N s 谓语用三单N o matter+whaVwhen/where 二whatever/whenever/whereverSection B Could You please (7)Section A From Shy Girl to Pop Sta「Section B He Studies Harder Than He Used T oSection A The Dificult Search for American Products in the USb e made from和be made of 的用法和区别般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+过去分词Section B Beauty 1n Common Thingssometi m e 一段时间sometimes有时some times几次sometime某个时候等饲语辨析be used by sb. 被某人使用—股过去时的被动语态was/we飞＋过去分词常用的系动词有look,feel,be,become,get,turn,smell,taste,stay(保待），keep 等词的用法Section A AnAccidental InventionSection B Do You Know When BasketballWas Invented?r section A Mom Konws BestUnit4 I used to be afraid of the darkUnit5 What are the shirts made of?Unit6 When was it invented?Unit? Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothesalso 、创her 、too 的用法She is a sixteen-year-old girl 二She is sixteen yea 「s oldSection B Should I Be Allowed to Make My Own Decisions? IUnit8 It must belong to Carla.Section A Read the article and decide which might be the best titlesomething,anything,nothing, everything等不定代词There must be something visiting our home must, m ay, m ight, c ou l d,may,can't S ecti o n B Stonehenge---Can Anyone Exp固n Why It Is There?The d心onary must be mineSection A What Do You Feel Like Watching Today?Unit9 I like music that I can dance toSection A Read the following opinionsUnit10 You're supposed to shake hands.Unit11 Sad moviesmake me erUnit12 Life is full of the unexpected.Unit13 We'「e tr ying to save the earth!Section A The Shirt of a Happy Man,ection B The Winnin a函m Section A Life Is Full of the UnexpectedSection B Read the passageSection A Save the Sharks!Section A I RememberUnit14 I remember meeting all of vou in Grade7Section B Readthe passageI like music that I can dance toWe are supposed to stoo smokin g .it 是形式主语或形式宾语I was supposed toarrive at7:00make sb do/make sb adjSoft and quiet music makes me relax.I 过去完成时的逻用By the time I got outside,the bus had already leftI was about to go up to my of f ice when I decided to get a cof f ee firstHe used not to stay up late.清态动词的被动语态情态动词+be +动词的过去分词a d ifferent些基本句型的I凡固和使用I remember being avolunteer.。
初中英语语法(思维导图)
It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
3）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续
例如：He speaks English .（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。）
例如：I will not play tennis if it rains tomorrow.
五、过去完成时的主要用法
4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过 去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。 如：By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. （ had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）
1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作
Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗？
2）表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作
对于初接触现在完成时的人来说，往往会产生一种茫然，因为它似乎与一般过去 时相似。那就是，这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。其实不然，现在完成时主 要表示，发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续；侧重于这个动 作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。而一般过去时则只不过是 表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。弄清了这一区别，就很容易理解现在完成时 了。它主要适用于下面的几种情况：
3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立 存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词 及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。
初中英语八大时态思维导图
英语时态一般现在时现在进行时表达表示经常性和习惯性动作客观事实与真理时间标志词Often， sometimes， usually， always ，everyday...表达现在正在进行或发生的动作当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作时间标志词Now， at the moment ，at present ，these days， this week…基本结构动词原形主语三单：动词原形加s/es基本结构am/ is /are加现在分词一般过去时表达表达过去某时间发生的动作表达过去的习惯或经常发生的动作标志词Yesterday， last night， the day before yesterday ，just now…基本结构动词的过去式一般将来时表达将来的动作和状态对将来的计划和打算标志词Tomorrow， tonight ，from now on ，in the future， next year ，soon…基本结构Am/ is /are/ going to+doWell/ shall+do 现在完成时表达过去发生过已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态标志词Already， yet ，still so far ，before， ever， just ，in the last/ past few years…基本结构Have/ has加过去分词过去完成时表达表示过去某时刻前已经完成的动作过去某一时刻开始一直延伸到过去另一时间的动作或状态标志词By， before， by the end of…基本结构Had加过去分词过去进行时过去将来时表达表示过去某时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作标志词At that time ，at ten o'clock last night ，at this time yesterday…基本结构Was/ were加现在分词从过去某一时间点来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态表达标志词The next day， the following month…基本结构Was /were /going to+doWould/ should+do 被动语态am/is/are加v-ed被动语态am/is/are being加v-ed被动语态Was/ ware加v-ed被动语态Well /shall be加v-edAm /is/ are/ going to be加v-ed被动语态Have/ has been加v-ed被动语态had been加v-ed被动语态Was/ were being加v-ed被动语态Wood /should be加v-ed Was /were going to be加v-ed。
第十三章动词-ing形式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十三章动词-ing形式思维导图知识梳理一、动名词的定义动词-ing形式分为两类:动名词和现在分词.动名词在句中起名词作用,现在分词在句中起形容词或副词作用.动名词是一种动词的非谓语形式,它兼有动词和名词的特征,由动词原形加词尾-ing而成,其构成法与现在分词一样.动名词有时态和语态的变化.(以do为例)从性质上讲,动词的-ing形式相当于名词、形容词、副词.因此,它在句中可用作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语.(一)作主语动词-ing形式作主语通常表示一种抽象的动作概念,即泛指某种行为或动作.Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对身体健康有害.Is playing basketball after lunch good or bad for your health?吃完午饭就打篮球对身体健康有益还是有害?Travelling abroad can widen one's outlook.出国旅行会扩大人们的视野.点拨(1)动词-ing形式短语作主语,通常有两种位置:一是放在句首,如上述例句所示;一是用it作形式主语,而将-ing分词短语移到谓语部分之后,以避免句子结构头重脚轻.Having his brother here will make him happier.It will make him happier having his brother here.让他的兄弟待在这里将会使他高兴一些.Swimming in this river is dangerous.It is dangerous swimming in this river.在这条河中游泳很危险.(2)动词-ing形式作主语还可以用于“There is no+-ing形式”(····是不可能的)结构.There is no smoking here.这里不许吸烟.There is no joking about such matters.这件事开不得玩笑.(二)作表语动词-ing形式(短语)作表语有时起名词作用,泛指动作,有时起形容词作用,指主语的性质、状态.His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮.The news is exciting.这消息令人兴奋.The food smells inviting.这道菜香味怡人.My favourite sport is playing table tennis.我最喜欢的运动是乒乓球.The only thing she is interested in is dancing.她唯一感兴趣的就是跳舞.点拨不要把作表语的-ing形式与进行时态相混淆.-ing形式作表语表示主语的某种特征,而进行时态则表示正在进行的动作.试比较:Her job is teaching.她的工作是教书.(teaching是表语)She is teaching there now.她正在那儿上课.(is teaching是现在进行时态)(三)作定语动词-ing形式作定语只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于被修饰词之前.a working method工作方法a dining car餐车a swimming pool游泳池building materials建材(四)作宾语在某些动词:suggest,finish,avoid,stop,can't help,mind(在乎),admit,advise,consider,deny,enjoy,require, postpone,delay,practise,fancy,excuse,pardon,miss(错过)等后面不能用不定式,而必须用动名词作为宾语.I can't help laughing.我禁不住笑了起来.Return the book to the library as soon as you finish reading it.你一看完这本书就还回图书馆.He enjoys watching TV plays.他喜欢看电视剧.点拨有些动词后既可用动名词,也可用不定式.在动词love,like,begin,start,continue等后,既可用动名词作宾语,也可用不定式作宾语,有时两种结构的意义差别不大.(五)作宾语补足语动词的-ing形式用作宾语补足语,常用在:see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,feel,get,have等动词之后,与一个名词或代词构成复合宾语;其中宾语和宾语补足语是主谓关系.I saw him walking across the street.我看见他穿过街道.He kept me waiting for a long time.他让我等了很长时间.We watched the army marching down the street towards the park.我们观看部队沿街道朝公园行走.I heard her playing the piano.我听见她在弹钢琴.点拨在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等动词之后,既可用动词-ing形式也可用(不带to的)动词不定式作宾语补足语:如用动词-ing形式,通常表示动作正在进行;用动词不定式,则表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程.(六)作状语动词的-ing形式短语作状语时,通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作,用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬,它可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作,相当于相对应的状语从句.Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up.学生(们)看见老师进房间,都站了起来.(两个动作同时发生)Being ill,I went home.=Because I was ill,I went home.由于生病,我回家了.The snow lasted a week,resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.=The snow lasted a week,so it resulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.雪下了一个星期,造成整个地方的严重交通混乱.Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时,要小心.The students walked out of the classroom,laughing and talking.学生们有说有笑走出教室.点拨动名词也可以和about,against,at,before,after,by,besides,for,from,in,on,upon,without等介词构成短语,作状语用.Without saying good-bye,she left him.未告别,她就离开了他.After reading the passage twice,he began to do the exercises.这段文章看了两遍后,他就开始做练习了.Upon returning from Beijing,he went to visit his friend.从北京一回来,他马上就去拜访朋友.三、-ing分词的否定式-ing分词是动词的一种非限定形式,其否定式是一律在其前面加否定词“not”或“never”构成.如:I think it will do you a lot of good not going.我觉得不去对你会有好处的.I left at noon,not staying for lunch.我是中午走的,没有留下来吃午饭.I'm sorry for not having informed you of the meeting.抱歉没通知你开会.I regret not having gone together with her.我后悔没有跟她一起去.四、-ing分词常用于下列句型中It's no use...It's no good...Having difficulty/trouble...There is no...It's no use doing experiments but not considering the results.不考虑结果做实验没有用.It's no good not combining theory with practice.不把理论和实践结合就没有用.I have trouble running a long distance.我跑长跑有困难.There is no denying the fact that we are still backward.不容否认,我们仍然落后.五、动名词的独立主格结构-ing分词也可以用于独立主格结构,由“主格名词或代词＋-ing分词”构成,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况等.The clock striking eight,they began working.时钟敲了8响,他们就开始工作了.(表示时间)The weather being fine,we went for a walk.由于天气好,我们出去散散步.(表示原因)Time permitting,we'll come to see you.如果时间允许,我们就来看你.(表示条件)也可由“with/without+宾语＋-ing分词”构成独立主格结构,表示伴随情况.如:You must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.坐着时不要把脚朝着别人.六、动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语含义不同部分动词可加动名词作宾语,也可加动词不定式作宾语,但意思不同,如:(一)remember doing sth.表示“记得过去做过的一件事”,remember to do sth.表示“记得要去做某事”I remember seeing him once somewhere.我记得在哪里见过他一次.Remember to see him before he goes away.记住在他离开之前看他.(二)regret doing sth.表示“对过去做过的事情后悔”,regret to do sth.表示“对还没做或将要做的事情表示遗憾”I regret telling you the bad news.我后悔把这个坏消息告诉你.I regret to say I'm unable to help you.很抱歉我不能帮助你.(三)stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”,stop to do sth.表示“停止什么,然后去做另一件事情”Let's stop talking about it.咱们停止谈论这件事情吧.We stopped to see what happened.我们停下来去看发生了什么事情.(四)forget doing sth.表示“忘记曾做过某事”,forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”I forgot giving the letter to her.我忘了,已经把信给她了.I forgot to post the letter.我忘记发信了.(五)try doing sth.表示“尝试着做某事”,try to do sth.表示“设法做某事”Let's try doing the work some other way.我们用别的方法做这工作试试.We must try to get everything done in time.我们必须设法及时把一切搞好.(六)mean doing sth.表示“意味着,意思是”,mean to do sth.表示“打算、想要”This means helping you.这意味着帮助你.I mean to help him with it.我打算帮助他做这件事情.七、一些与动词-ing形式有关的短语(一)表示有目的、有意识地进行练习或训练某项技能:do+(some)+v.-ingdo some reading读读书do some running跑跑步do some writing练练字This year I am going to do more speaking.今年我要多练口语.(二)表示做一些笼统、不具体指明的事:do+(some)+v.-ingdo some shopping去商店买东西(不指明买哪样具体的东西)do some washing洗东西do some cooking做饭do some cleaning扫除do some sewing缝纫(三)“go+v.-ing形式”大部分表示从事运动、消遣或娱乐活动go dancing去跳舞go swimming去游泳go skating去滑冰go skiing去滑雪go shooting去射击go boating去划船go fishing去钓鱼go hunting去打猎go riding去骑马go walking去散步go running去跑步go sailing去航海八、-ing分词时态及语态(一)-ing分词的特点:-ing分词的时态分为一般式和完成式.一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作往往同时发生.完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前.He insisted on finishing the work before going home.他坚持在回家前一定要先完成工作.He didn't mention having met me.他没提及已见到了我.I still remember having ever worked together with him.我还记得曾经与他一起共过事.(二)-ing分词的语态-ing分词的被动语态也有一般式和完成式两种.The large house being built near the factory is a new hospital.工厂附近正在施工的大楼是一座新的医院.Having been sent to the wrong address,the letter did not reach her.那封信投错了地址,她没有收到.好题精练选择填空1.Taking pictures_________very interesting.A.isB.areC.to beD.be2._________the bad news made him cry.A.HearB.HeardC.HearingD.Is hearing3._________a desert had always been a risk adventure.A.being crossed.Having crossed C.Crossing D.To have crossed4.Before he came,I'd finished_________the whole book.A.to readB.to have readC.readingD.read5.I always enjoy_________to popular music at night.A.to listenB.listeningC.that I can listenD.if I can listen6.We are considering_________a trip around the island.A.takeB.to takeC.to be takingD.taking7.I hope you don't mind_________at your newspaper.A.I lookB.my lookingC.I lookingD.my to look8.When a man's heart stops_________,he dies.A.to beatB.beatingC.beatD.beaten9.I can't help_________he is still alive.A.thinkingB.thinkC.to thinkD.thought of10.So far as I am concerned,I prefer readingA.than meatB.for joyC.instead of sleeping D to drinking11.It goes without_________that knowledge is important.A.talkingB.tellingC.sayingD.mentioning12.we are looking forward_________our friends next week.A.to seeB.to seeingC.to be seeingD.shall see13.He spent a lot of money_________books and magazines.A.buyB.buyingC.to buyD.bought14.The silkworm is an insect worth_________.A.to knowB.knowingC.to be knownD.being known15.She went out without_________good-bye to us.A.sayB.to sayC.sayingD.being said16.The curious student kept on_________questions.A.asksB.askingC.to askD.asked17.He is such a strange person;there's_________what he'll do next.A.no knowingB.not to knowC.not knownD.being unknown18.When she heard the bad news,she burst_________.A.into cryingB.out to tearsC.cryingD.out crying19.You must never cross the street without_________the light to turn green.A.waitingB.to waitC.waiting forD.to wait for20.Scientists succeed_________protein out of old newspapers.A.to makeB.at makingC.makingD.in making21.I became_________after watching too much television.A.boredB.boringC.boreD.bores22.I felt_________by his interest in my new invention.A.encourage B to encourage C.was encouraged D.encouraged23.He sat there_________a novel.A.readB.readingC.readsD.had read24.Don't wake up the_________child.A.sleepB.sleptC.sleepingD.sleepy25.A proverb goes:"A_________stone gathers no moss”.A.rollB.rollingC.rolledD.rolls26.The heavy rain kept us_________for two hours.A.waitB.waitedC.waitingD.to wait27.I found a dog_________over by a car on the road.A.to runB.runC.ranD.running28.We found the baby_________on the floor.A.sleptB.sleepC.asleepD.sleeping29.Jack saw a woman_________near the dog,so he walked up to her.A.stoodB.standsC.to standD.standing30.They got their ca_________at the garage.A.be washedB.washedC.being washedD.to have been washed 31_________with his report,I told him to write it all over again.A.DissatisfactoryB.Not being satisfiedC.Having not satisfiedD.Dissatisfying32._________our shoes in our hands,we crossed the stream.A.To carryB.CarryingC.CarriedD.Carry33._________my homework,I went home.A.Having finishedB.FinishedC.Being finishedD.Finish34._________the door unlocked,I went in.A.FindingB.FoundC.Had foundD.Have found35._________a careless fellow,he forget all about it.A.IsB.BeC.BeingD.Was答案:1-5ACCCB6-10DBBAD11-15CBBBC16-20BADCD 21-25ADBCB26-30CBCDB 31-35BBAAC。
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第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):主动语态被动语态一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing-完成式to have done to have been done 完成进行式to have been doing-动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind,good,nice,wise,unwise,clever,silly,wrong,right,foolish,stupid,careless, considerate,rude,naughty,impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be,seem,get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree,begin,decide,expect,forget,hope,learn,like,manage, pretend,start,try,want,wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell,advise,show,teach,know,forget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear, find out,explain,decide,discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something,anything,nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something,anything,nothing有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life,we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him,we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise,ask,tell,help,wish,want, expect,forbid,persuade,press,request,teach,warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel,see,hear,watch,notice等.使役动词:如make,let,have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me(to)move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think,make,find,consider,feel,regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb.to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind,good,silly,honest,bad,stupid,bold,clever,cruel,courteous,nice,rude,sensible, tactful,wise,wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you(it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better,had best,would rather,would rather...than,would sooner,would sooner...than,cannot but,do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money,so he decided_________a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner,Would you like_________us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired,I enjoyed_________TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day,so the old man agreed_________for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry,I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating;go fishing;go dancing;go running;go skating;go hunting;go singing)1.She's a good dancer.She always_________on Saturday.2.I've got a gun.I'll_________with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has._________He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat.Our father_________every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr.Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.To speak that way before Mr.Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom(to)speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1._________the bookstore,he stopped_________a few books.A.Passing;buyingB.Passing;to buyC.To pass;buyingD.Having passed;to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes,You'd better_________them right now.A.washedB.washingC.washD.to wash3._________the room,I found the computer_________.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;stolenC.To enter;stealD.To enter;stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour.Let's stop_________a rest now.A.haveB.to haveC.havingD.have had5.My mother always tells me not_________to the net bars(网吧)．A.goB.to goC.goesD.going6.The teacher asked us_________English for half an hour in the morning.A.reads B reading C.to read D.read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow.Stop_________TV,Peter.A.watchesB.watchC.to watchD.watching8.I find it hard_________English well.A.learnB.learningC.to learnD.learns9.The teacher asked John_________a short talk in our class meeting.A.giveB.to giveC.gaveD.giving10.The girl was too poor_________a houseA.to buy;to live inB.to buy;to liveC.buy;to liveD.buying;living in11.It was very late at night,but Mr.Brown still went on_________.A.worksB.workedC.workingD.work12.Remember_________him about it before he goes away.A.tellB.to tellC.tellingD.to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________the big box.A.carryB.to carryC.carryingD.carries14.Her mother told her_________in bed.A.not readB.not to readC.don't readD.to not read15.When class began,we stopped_________to the teacher carefully.A.listeningB.listenC.listensD.to listen16.You'd better_________the cinema by bus.A.don't goB.to goC.to go toD.go to17.What did the manager_________you to_________at the meeting?A.tell;sayB.ask;speakC.tell;speakD.ask;talk18.Tom was let_________in the gate house.A.waitB.to waitC.waitingD.to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________the job in two days.A.finishB.to finishC.finishingD.finished20.Look,the building_________is our library.A.is repairedB.being repairedC.repairingD.to be repairing21._________no money,I could not buy this coat.A.HaveB.HavingC.To haveD.Have had22.The teacher has something important_________us.A.to tellB.tellsC.tellingD.told23.Li Ming didn't know_________next.A.to do whatB.what to doC.how to doD.what do24.I'd love_________to your birthday party.eB.cameC.to comees25.It took me two hours_________by bus.A.to get thereB.to get to thereC.get thereD.get to there答案:1-5BCBBB6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD16-20DABBB21-25BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark.We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14....people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
人教版八年级上英语各单元主题思维导图课件
anywhere interesting
went to GZ with family See HGS Waterfall wonderful took photos anything special stay at home read and relax
Jane’s diary entries about her vacation to Penang
对话篇
SectionA-2d
shorter hair more clearly than
Nelly danced better than Lisa.
..tell that …really wanted to win… everyone wants… most important thing is…
阅读篇 SectionB 2b
初中英语人教版八年级上各单元思维导图 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?
单元主题思维导图
Rick and Helen talked about their vacations. 谈论假期活动
见面问候 Long time no see
介绍近况 旅游地点 旅游活动
on vacation
பைடு நூலகம்Jeff Green
friends should be the same
…a good friend is like a mirror. I’m… My best friend Yuan Li is quiet, too. So we…
…friends are like books -you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good.