大学生创业的必修课

Many believe that entrepreneurs are born, not made. While I agree that许多人认为，企业家是天生的，无法后天养 成。

我也赞同，成功企业的缔造者通常有一 种企业家的天性；但良好的教育有助于发展 这种天性。

有许多人天生就是音乐家，但是 这并不意味着他们不需要学习音乐。

successful company builders usually have a natural inclination to be entrepreneurs, a good education helps polish that apple. There are people who are natural musicians, but that doesn't mean we don't try to teach them music. There's no law saying you have to go to法律并没有规定，只有上了大学才 能创业。

我们可以举出很多例子，很多人从 大学辍学，成为成功的企业家，仍然对世界 产生着重大影响。

现在的年轻人听着马克•扎 克伯格的故事长大，他被视为成功的典范。

但是，罗伯特•利坦称，这些没有接受高等教 育却成功创业的神童是“特例”；利坦是考 夫曼基金会（Kauffman Foundation）研究和 政策副总裁。

最成功的企业家拥有丰富的现 实生活经历，他们亲历了机遇开放市场的洗 礼。

college to start a business. We can all point to examples of successful entrepreneurs who dropped out of college, but still went on to make a big impact. Current young adults have grown up hearing the about Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook) as the paragon of success. But entrepreneurial wunderkinds who find success without higher education "are exceptions to the rule," says Robert Litan, Vice President of Research and Policy at the Kauffman Foundation. entrepreneurs The are most those successful with multiplereal-life experiences, who have personal exposure to markets where opportunities are being left on the table.学术研究显示，这些人生经历弥足珍贵。

研究还表明，如果企业所有者至少是四年制 本科学历，如谷歌（Google）的谢尔盖•布林 和拉里•佩奇，以及团购网站 Groupon 的安德 鲁•梅森，那么企业的生存前景会更好。

对于 企业家来说，更重大的问题并非是否上过大 学，而是进入大学后应该做些什么。

Academic research supports that this experience pays off. It also shows that survival prospects are higher if the owner has at least four years of college, like Sergey Brin and Larry Page of Google (GOOG), and Andrew Mason of Groupon (GRPN). The bigger question, then, for an entrepreneur, is not whether or not to go to college, but rather what to do once there.• 学习创业精神，但同时要做到术业有专 攻。

许多高校开设了创业课程，帮助学生像 企业家一样思考。

但是，对某一学科——如 计算机科学或工程学——的深入学习，能够 让人理解某个特定行业，同时具备这个行业 实际的经营能力。

• Study entrepreneurship, but major in something else. Many colleges offer courses on entrepreneurship, to help you think like one. But a depth of knowledge in a specific discipline, like computer science or engineering, allows you to understand that business as well as run it.• MBA 学位有用， 但并不是必需品。

更重 要的是优秀的商业、金融和经济学课程。

如 果就读的高校同时也提供商业实践技巧课 程，如“批判性思维”、“商务写作”，甚 至“成功着装”，别忘了同样要去修习这些 课程。

• AnMBAishelpful, arebutnotrequired.Moreimportantstandardbusiness, finance, and economics courses. If offered at your college, don't forget the practical business skills like "Critical Thinking", "Business Writing" and even "Dress for Success." • Supplement course work with• 课余进行实践活动。

在感兴趣的领域寻求 暑期实习机会，也可以选择整个学年都做兼 职工作。

因为缺乏资金管理、时间管理和确 定优先次序的实践经验从而导致失败的创业 企业太多了。

practical experience. Look for that summer internship job in the field of your interest, or even just part-time work during the school year. Too many startups fail simply by missing the practical elements of money management, setting priorities. time management, and• 充分利用校内外的顾问资源。

一些高校的 教职员工有重要的实践经验。

找到那些有经 验并愿意分享的人，获得免费指导。

大多数 高校也会引入校外顾问，指导年轻的创业者。

提前学习这些只是，是一个巨大的机遇。

• Take facultyadvantage haveofinsideandoutside advisers at school. Some college members great practical experience. Find the ones with experience, and the ones who are willing to share, and tap into it for free. Most universities also bring in outside advisors to mentor budding entrepreneurs. It's a huge opportunity to learn early.• 尽早制定商业计划。

挑出一个想法，任何 想法都行。

撰写、推销商业计划能让人意识 到自己的不足。

大多数院校都会举办商业计 划竞赛，甚至会向优胜者发放种子资金。

等 到毕业了就再也没有机会补课了，甚至连顾 问也找不到了。

• Build a business plan early on. Pick an idea, any idea. There is nothing like writing and pitching a business plan that makes you realize what you don't know. Most schools have business plan competitions, and even give out seed money to winners. Once you graduate, you can't take that course you need, and even the advisors are gone. • Business networking is key. These• 商业人脉是关键。

现在，每个学生都有 自己的同龄人交际圈。

但是，在寻找投资者、 聘请重要管理人员，以及回避现实世界陷阱 方面，这个圈子起不了多大作用。

融入新的days, every student has his social network of peers. But these won't help you much finding investors, key executive hires, and pitfalls to avoid in the real world. Plug yourself into a new network of business商务人士圈子，接触经验丰富的企业家，聆 听他们的教诲，通过这种方式能够学到的东 西会让你自己都觉得吃惊。

• 大胆放手去做。

亲自创办公司，勉力 经营，这个过程能让人学到很多东西，比以 上各条加起来都多。

可能的话，与拥有创业 经验并愿意提供一些指导的人组建团队。

别 把“所有的家底”都押在自己创办的第一家 企业上。

关键是在创业的过程中学习。

people. You'll be amazed at what you can learn by listening to experienced entrepreneurs. • Just do it. You will learn more by struggling through the process of setting up a company and making it work, than all the other items above put together. If possible, team up with someone who has been there before and is willing to provide some mentoring. Don't try to "bet the farm" on your first company. It's the learning that counts. Once you are out into the real world of一旦离开校园，进入现实世界，开始经营初 创企业后，学历就不再重要，实践经验才是 无价之宝。