定语从句知识结构图解
高中定语从句知识结构图解(答案解析版)
图解定语从句概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指人的先行词⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.先行词(which替代前面所叙述的事情)①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词:引导定语的词标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定He is a teacher who works at our school.定语从句②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用的分类 (先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)从He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)句定语从句几个难点①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before.(可以省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be.(可以省略that)限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略比较:Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.⒉先行词是人that/who的区别①行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those等Those who want to go to the cinema willhave to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who用who的情况Who is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.①在非限定性定语从句中.She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.The pen with which you write is Jack’s.用which的情况③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed fromthe library which is newly open to us.①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,⒊先行词是物anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等that / which She did all that she could to help us.的区别②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much,the only,the very, the right等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and用that的情况the places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
英语：定语从句演示图
I have lost the watch t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_/_--my father gave me. Do you remember the day _w__h_e_n_/_o_n__w_h_i_c_h_ Beijing was liberated.
句子种类 一、简单句
五种类型 1. 主 + 系 + 表 2. 主 + 谓(vi) 3. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 4. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 双宾 5. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 宾补 二、并列句 = 简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
and, but, for, so, while, or, as well as, rather than, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also…, besides, however, otherwise, therefore
三、复合句 = 主句 + 从句 （主从复合句）
主语从句
从句
宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
名词性从句
状语从句（八种）
被修饰词
1.代替先行词
2.作从句成分
先行词+ 关系词+ 从句
1.分类：a.关系代词 b.关系副词 2.选择：a.先行词——指人、物？
b.据从句——句子成分？
麦穗般的眉毛，配着青远山色轨道模样的鼻子。有着水蓝色砂锅造型的眼睛，和紫罗兰色灯笼般的耳朵，一张水蓝色话筒般的嘴唇，怪叫时露出淡紫色火舌般的牙齿，变态的 嫩黄色轻盈样的舌头很是恐怖，水绿色竹竿形态的下巴非常离奇。这巨魔有着酷似玩具般的肩胛和活像刀峰模样的翅膀，这巨魔轻灵的米黄色香肠样的胸脯闪着冷光，极似高
定语从句框架图
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制的作用分类非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开Who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语仅用于指认Whom 在定语从句中作宾语仅用于指物：which在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语That 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语指人、物Whose 在定语从句中作定语指人、物：as 在定语从句中作主、宾语、表语当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, everything, anything 等时定语当先行词前面有the only, the very, any, every, some, no, all, few,little ,much, the right, the last, just 等修饰词时从句当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时用that不关系用which代词当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时当先行词即有人又有物时当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时在非限制性定语从句中，且先行词指物当定语从句中的介词提前时用which用法不用that先行词后面有插入语时先行词本身就是that时先行词为主句的一部分甚至是整个主句时先行词是指认的不定代词，如：one, ones, anyone, no one, those 等时用who不用that 在there be 结构中，先行词指人时在分隔性定语从句中When: 先行词为时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语关系副词 Where: 先行词为地点名词，（有时地点会被”模糊化”），在定语从句中作地点状语Why: 先行词为the reason, 在定语从句中作原因状语。
定语从句树状图
定语从句树状图定语从句树状图在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，们知道定语从句知识的树状图？定语从句的定义关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
（which / that在句中作主语）The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
(which / that 在句中作宾语）关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
定语从句讲解PPT图表
Please give me the reason _____ why (you _____ ___ made such a great success).
when (you Morning is the best time ______ reading aloud). ___ practise ______ ________ ） ___ first met your girlfriend. Do you remember the lake where _____ (you
she spent in Beijing. A、when B、what C、which
C
D、why
4、This is the school _______ my father
worked 20 years ago. A、that B、when C、which
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
D
D、where
5、This is the very factory_______we visited last year. A、that B、which
练习题
1、All______ is useful to us is good.
A、which
C
B、what
C、that D、whether
2、Is this factory ____ we visited last week.
D
A、where
B、that
C、which
D、the one
3、She will never forget the day_____
考点一:如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词
2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。 where (the great writer ____ used Yesterday we went to visit the house ______ in which to ___ live). which The house ______ ___ built that (they ___ in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake. who / whom( _ ____ were killed in the Luckily none of the people _____ I know) that earthquake. / when __________________ My father was born in the year ______(the Second World War in which broke out). _______
定语从句思维导图
1.解①在主从句中找出定语从句题②看先行词是指人还是指物步③分析定语从句中缺少什么成分：主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语骤④确定关系词①几个概念定义：用来修饰名词或代词的句子先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句,分为关系代词和关系副词分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别②基本用法关系代词：指人：that、who、whom、whose、as主宾表主宾宾定主宾表指物：that、which、whose、as主宾表主宾定主宾表③具体用法先行词是不定代词先行词被不定代词修饰或被only、very、just修饰先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰★只用that不用which 先行词指人又指物主句已有疑问词主句中的先行词是表语或定语从句缺表语非限制性定语从句中★只用which不用that定语从句中介词提到先行词前面,且先行词为物whose既可指人又可指物后面紧跟名词★whose的用法whose+n. = the +n. +of which/whom= of which/whom+the +n.定 2. 考the same…as…语点限制性定语从句中,as的三个搭配such…as…从归so…as…句纳★as的用法as引导的定语从句可位于主句前或后,which只能位于主句后非限制性定语从句中as译为“正如”,which译为“这一点”、as和which的区别“这件事”、“这”when: 先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中作时间状语★关系副词=介词+ whichwhere：先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中作地点状语=介词+ whichwhy: 先行词是表示原因的名词,且在定语从句中作原因状语=for + which★先行词是way, 定语从句的引导词定语从句中缺少方式状语时,用in which、that 或者省略;定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,用that、which 或者省略;。
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定语从句知识结构图解定语从句知识结构图解概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指人的先行词⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情)先行词①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定He is a teacher who works at our school.定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较: Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.此时只能用which且不能省略）①以疑问词who开头的句子中定语从句几个难点Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况先行词被修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.⒉先行词是人that/who的区别ait at the gate of the school.用who的情况个用who③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.①在非限定性定语从句中.he lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.The pen with which you write is Jack’s.用which的情①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,⒊先行词是物anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等that / which的区别She did all that she could to help us.This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and用that的情况the places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.定⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?语定语从句10个难点①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中从★Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样the same …. as…和…...同样的A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.句⒋As引导定语从He is not the same man as he was.句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。
可以放在句首，句中或句末。
As I remember, there were a net bar here.Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别This is the same bike that I lostyesterday. (同一事物)This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同类事物）①When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. （when=on which）②Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)③Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.⒌关系副词的运用I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which)★关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词★Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation,position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地步）等What are thesituationswhere bodylanguage is theonly form of communication ?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。
（此时where = in which）e r en or a d i o s , n o t e l e p h o n e s o r n o T V s e t s . （★此时w h e n = d u r i n gwhich在..期间）③先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式why/forwhich/that/不填This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here.比较：Is this thereasonthat/which/不填heexplained tous for hisabsencefrom theconference.（★reason在定语从句中做explain的宾语）★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which（指物）介词+whom（指人）★该结构介词的选用原则：①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent $ 8.This is the book for which I paid $ 8.②根据先行词的搭配习惯I remember the days during which I lived there.I remember the day on which I graduated from university.⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。
Here is the money with which to buy the piano.She is the right person on whom to depend.定注意:Ⅰ如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.语定语从句10个难点Ⅱ有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如lookfor/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等从This is the baby that you will look after.句①当先行词是one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式The Great Wallis one of theworld-famousbuildings thatdraw lots ofvisitor⒏定语从句的every year.主谓一致②当先行词是 theonly + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式The Great Wallis the only oneof thebuildings onthe earth thatis seen fromthe moon.③先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数Great changeshave takenplace in China,as is known toall.He has passedthe driving test,whichsurprises all ofus.定语从句可以转换为–ing或-ed形式⒐定语从句的The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwan.转化I love the stories(which were)written byHemingway.The man (whostands)standing thereis my friend.①判断从句是否为定语从句（先行词，关系词，定语从句）②准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状) 10.定语从句的从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词解题方法例：Is this themuseum ___you visited afew days ago?Is this themuseum ____the exhibitionwas held？A. whereB. thatC.on which D.what注意：Ⅰ.关系代词whose的用法。