被动语态特殊用法讲解和练习(无答案)

被动语态的几种特殊用法

一、短语动词（“动词＋介词/ 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如：look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。例如：

1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。The baby is looked after carefully.

二、感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上to 。因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。例如：

3.I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见男孩在街上玩。The boy was seen to play in the street.

三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加to ，但当谓语动词为make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加for 。例如：

5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。A letter is passed to me.

6. The mother bought her daughter a gift. 那位母亲给她女儿买了一件礼物。

A gift was bought for her daughter.

四、带复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）的句子，即宾语和宾语补足语都是名词或代词充当的句子，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。例如：

7. They call the girl Lucy. 他们叫那个女孩露茜。The girl is called Lucy.

五、当anybody, anything 等不定代词作主动式否定句的宾语时，变被动语态时，应将其变为nobody, nothing 作被动句的主语，而把被动句的谓语动词变为肯定形式。例如：

8. He hasn't eaten anything until this morning. 到今天早上为止他什么都没吃。

Nothing has been eaten until this morning.

六、有些动词和动词短语是没有被动形式的，也不可用其过去分词作后置定语，如arrive, die, become, disappear, happen, take place, break out, belong to 等。例如：

9. The American Civil War broke out in 1861. 在1861 年美国内战爆发了。

七、当谓语动词为say, report, think, believe, expect, know, consider, suppose 等的句子变被动语态时，有两种形式：

A. 用it 作形式主语，而真正的主语用从句的形式来表达，句型为：It is said / reported / supposed / believed that …（据说/ 据报道/ 据推测/ 有人相信……）。例如：

11. People say that he is a doctor. → It is said that he is a doctor. 据说他是个医生。

B. 谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主语补足语。例如：

12. People say that he is a doctor. → He is said to be a doctor.

八、主动形式表被动意义的几种情况。

A. read, act, write, feel, sell, wear, wash, open, shout, clean, cook, keep, play, cut, fill, blow, measure, lock, allow, run, record, begin 等，在主语是物的句子里时，常用主动形式表被动意义。例如：

14. This pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔很好用。15. The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。

B. 一些表示状态特征的连系动词或一些感官动词，如look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear 等充当系动词时，用主动形式表被动意义。例如：

16. The roses smell sweet. 玫瑰花闻起来很香。

C. 动词不定式前有形容词light, heavy, easy, difficult, expensive, fit, nice, interesting, dangerous, bitter 等，且与句子主语构成动宾关系时，用主动形式表被动意义。例如：

19. The telephone number “ 119 ” is easy to remember.

电话号码119 很好记。

1. The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A. knows

B. knew

C. is known

D. was known

2. Plays ______ twice a month in that theatre.

A. put on

B. are put on

C. was put on

D. often put on

3. English ____ in Canada.

A. speaks

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is spoken

4. This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings

B. often sang

C. is often sang

D. is often sung

5. Doctors ___ in every part of the world.

A. need

B. are needing

C. are needed

D. will need

一般过去时

1. A strange sound ______ yesterday evening.

A. was heard

B. hears

C. heard

D. is heard

2. The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.

A. found

B. was founded

C. is founded

D. was found

3. The bridges___ two years ago.

--It's a Haidian top problem

A. is built

B. built

C. were built

D. was built

4.Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday.

A. called

B. was asked

C. told

D. was said

5. I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.

A. gave

B. was giving

C. had given

D. was given

6.The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.

A. was made to clean

B. made clean

C. made to clean

D. was made clean

7. These children____ dance.

A. were seen to

B. were seen for

C. were seen

D. saw to

8._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built

B. Was; built

C. Does; build

D. Did ; build

9.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A. did; use

B. was; used

C. is; used

D. are; used

10.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A. was told us

B. was told to us

C. is told us

D. told us

一般将来时

1. The new type of car is going to ______ in three years.

A. turn out

B. be turned out

C. has turned out

D. have been turned out

2. The key ___ on the table when I leave.

A. was left

B. will be left

C. is left

D. has been left

3. His new book___ next month.

A. will be published

B. is publishing

C. is being published

D. has been published

4. The sports meet ___ be held until next week.

A. didn't

B. won't

C. isn't

D. doesn't

5. The 2010 World Cup ______ by South Africa.

A. is hosted

B. is going to host

C. will be hosted

D. would be hosted