高中英语语法非谓语动词
高中英语语法 非谓语动词 全
非谓语动词非谓语动词。
在英语中,不能作句子谓语,而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的时态和语态的不同形式动词不定式动名词分词主动to do doing doing(同时,主动)被动to be done being done done(被动,完成)进行主动to be doing进行被动being done进行,被动主动完成to havedone having done having done(主动,完成一般作状语)被动完成to havebeen done having beendonehaving beendone(被动,完成一般作状语)非谓语动词在句中的作用主语宾语表语补语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√一:分词(现在分词和过去分词,分别表示:主动,行进&被动,完成)1)作定语The girl standing by the window is my sister.=The girl who is standing by the window is my sister.This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.= This is a book which was written by a famous Chinese writer.2) 作状语(一般表示时间,原因,条件,伴随)有时可将从句中when/while /unless/if 等保留(While/When)Walking in the street ,I saw her.=While/When I was walking in the street ,I saw her.(表示时间)Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.=When our school is seen from the hill,it looks more beautiful.从小山上看,我们学校更美了。
高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解
高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,它们可以在句子中作名词、形容词或副词的作用。
高中英语语法中,非谓语动词主要分为不定式、动名词和分词三种形式。
1. 不定式不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,如:to go、to study。
不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
1.1 作主语不定式作主语时,句子用“it + be + 不定式”结构,如:It is important to learn English well.1.2 作宾语不定式作宾语时,常跟在及物动词后面,如:I want to play soccer.1.3 作表语1.4 作定语不定式作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a book to read.1.5 作状语不定式作状语时,表示目的、结果、原因等,如:He came here to see his friend.2. 动名词动名词是由动词加-ing构成的名词,如:playing、studying。
动名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
2.1 作主语动名词作主语时,常用单数形式,如:Swimming is good for health.2.2 作宾语动名词作宾语时,常跟在及物动词后面,如:I enjoy playing basketball.2.3 作表语动名词作表语时,句子用“主语 + be + 动名词”结构,如:His hobby is swimming.2.4 作定语2.5 作状语动名词作状语时,表示方式、时间、原因等,如:He made money by working hard.3. 分词分词是由动词的变化形式构成的形容词,常分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
分词在句子中可以作定语、表语或状语。
3.1 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a crying baby.3.2 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语时,修饰名词或代词,如:a broken window.3.3 分词作表语分词作表语时,句子用“主语 + be + 分词”结构,如:He is tired.3.4 分词作状语分词作状语时,表示时间、原因、条件等,如:Walking slowly, he reached the destination.以上是高中英语语法非谓语动词的讲解,希望对你有所帮助。
高中英语语法-非谓语动词详解
非谓语动词教学重点1,非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别;2,非谓语动词的各种形式和应用;3,非谓语动词的考点解析。
一、非谓语动词与非谓语动词的区别1.谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
如:Miss Mary teaches us English . 玛丽教我们英语。
(teaches是谓语动词。
)Mr Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.维克托先生上周末来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk不定式作状语)2.谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
如:Tom likes the pop music. 汤姆喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用第三人称单数形式)Tom has nothing to do today. 汤姆今天没有什么事要做。
(do用原形)二、非谓语动词的各种形式和应用非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其动能和形式如下:非谓语动词在句中所做的成分如下:三、考点解析非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。
解答非谓语动词的题目时,一定要解析句子结构,确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补);找准相关动词的逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动);搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
1 动名词和不定式作表语①如果表语是不定式,主语也是不定式;表语是动名词,主语也是动名词。
如:To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.②动名词作主语的句型。
如:It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.It is a waste of time doing(也可用It is a waste of time to do)③动词不定式和动名词的复合结构:动词不定式的复合结构有两种:It is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/...for sb. to do sth.和It is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/...of sb. to do。
高中英语语法非谓语动词
非谓语动词动词在句子中除了充当谓语外,还可以起名词、形容词或副词的作用,在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语和状语。
这就是动词的非谓语形式。
当句子中需要用某种动作作主语、宾语或作某种修饰、说明的成分时,就要使用这种形式。
动词的非谓语形式有三种:(1)动词不定式:to study (to + 动词原形)(2)分词:studying (现在分词)、studied (过去分词)(3)动名词:studying (形式与现在分词相同)动词非谓语形式仍具有动词的一般特征,可以带有宾语、状语等构成短语。
动词非谓语形式有以下几种形式变化(以write为例):一、动词不定式其形式是“to+动词原形”。
to是不定式符号,无词义。
其否定式是在to前面加上not, never等否定词。
不定式可以有自己的逻辑主语,由for引出,加在不定式短语前面。
如果不定式的逻辑主语是表示不定式动作的承受者,则不定式用被动语态。
所谓逻辑主语,就是指非谓语动词等动作的执行者。
由于非谓语动词等带有动词的特征,但又不是谓语动词,所以这个动作的执行者就不能称为主语,而在逻辑上又是这个动作的执行者,所以就称为逻辑主语。
如果不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,这个不定式一般要用被动语态。
疑问词(who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how还包括whether)等后面加不定式构成不定式短语,可做主语,表语,宾语等。
(一)作主语。
在不定式短语作主语的句子中,往往用it 作形式主语,而不把不定式短语放在句子的后面。
如:To die like that is a terrible thing.=It is a terrible thing to die like that.象那样死去是一件可怕的事。
(it 作形式主语,把真正的主语to die like that放在后面)To know oneself is difficult.=It’s difficult to know oneself.有自知之明不容易。
高中英语语法非谓语动词讲解
⾼中英语语法⾮谓语动词讲解⾮谓语动词●概述⾮谓语动词,主要指在主句中表⽰⼀个动作但不能充当谓语,⽽是充当其他语法功能的词。
⾮谓语动词没有⼈称和数的变化,但是有语态和时态的变化。
●⾮谓语动词的三种形式⾮谓语动词有三种:动词不定式、动名词和分词。
这三个基本形式的基础上会有⼀些变化:1.动词不定式2.动名词3.分词●动词不定式的⽤法1.动词不定式的否定式not toShe decided not to be late again.2.动词不定式的完成式完成式表⽰的动作或状态发⽣在位于动词表⽰的动作或状态之前。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.注意若谓语为表⽰“愿望、打算、意图”的动词时,如hope, think, want, plan, expect, mean, intend等,其后可以跟不定式的完成式表⽰“本来想要或打算做某事,⽽实际上未能实现”。
如:We meant to have stopped him from doing such a thing.征,则构成不定式符合结构的介词应为of前⾯常⽤的形容词有:kind, nice, foolish, silly, stupid, rude, cruel, wise, clever, brace, selfish, crazy, good, careful, careless, impolite, right, wrong等。
It is very kind of you to help me.区别It is important for us to learn English well.4.在某些动词后,可⽤it做形式宾语,然后加宾语补⾜语,最后加不定式作真正的并于。
常见的动词有find, think consider, feel, make等。
They find it difficult to repay the money.5.动词+不定式作宾补ask, want, invite, get, force, expect, allow, persuade, order, warn, remind order, cause, permit, forbid, advise, teach等。
高中英语语法非谓语动词详解
高中英语语法非谓语动词详解高中英语语法非谓语动词详解在高级英语语法中,非谓语动词是非常重要的一部分,也是理解和掌握英语语法的关键。
非谓语动词在句子中扮演着重要的角色,可以表达不同的意思和功能。
本文将详细解释非谓语动词的定义、类型和用法,并通过实例进行分析和解释。
一、定义和类型非谓语动词指的是在句子中不作为主要动词的动词形式,它们可以表达动词本身的含义,但没有主语和谓语动词。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种类型。
1、动词不定式:动词不定式是以“to+”动词原形构成的,表示动词的不同形式,如“to do”、“to being”、“to have done”等。
2、动名词:动名词是在动词后加上“-ing”构成的,表示动词的现在分词形式,如“playing”、“swimming”、“jumping”等。
3、分词:分词是动词的过去分词形式,分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词表示动词的动作正在进行,如“running”、“singing”、“dancing”等;过去分词表示动词的动作已经完成,如“finished”、“eaten”、“read”等。
二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中可以扮演不同的成分,如主语、宾语、状语等。
下面我们通过具体的例子来分析非谓语动词的用法:1、动词不定式:在句子中,动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。
例如,“To learn English is important”(学习英语很重要)中,动词不定式“to learn English”作为主语;或者在“I want to go home”(我想回家)中,动词不定式“to go home”作为宾语。
2、动名词:在句子中,动名词可以作为主语、宾语和状语等。
例如,“Playing sports is fun”(做运动很有趣)中,动名词“Playing sports”作为主语;或者在“I enjoy listening to music”(我喜欢听音乐)中,动名词“listening to music”作为宾语。
高中英语:英语语法中的非谓语动
高中英语:英语语法中的非谓语动词在英语语法中,非谓语动词是指不用于描述句子主语动作或状态的动词形式。
非谓语动词有三种形式:动词-ing形式,动词过去分词形式和不定式形式。
它们通常用作动词、形容词或副词的补语,或者在复合句中作为主语、宾语或定语。
一、动词-ing形式动词-ing形式一般表示正在进行或正在发生的动作,也可以表示某个行为的结果或影响。
例句:- I enjoy reading books.(我喜欢读书。
)- Smoking is bad for your health.(吸烟对健康有害。
)- She left the room, humming a tune.(她哼着曲子离开了房间。
)练习题:1. Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets.a. She was (peddling, pedaled) her bike to work every day.b. (Singing, Sung) in the shower is a great way to start the day.c. The (boiling, boiled) water spilled out of the pot.答案:a. pedaling; b. Singing; c. boiling2. Rewrite the following sentences using the -ing form of theverbs in brackets.a. She ate breakfast and then she left the house. (walk)b. I heard a noise and I woke up. (look)c. He finished his work and then he went to bed. (read)答案:a. She left the house, walking.b. I woke up, looking around.c. He went to bed, reading.二、动词过去分词形式动词过去分词形式一般用来表示被动、完成或已经发生的动作,也可以作为形容词或状语的补语。
高中英语知识点归纳语法非谓语动词的形式与用法
高中英语知识点归纳语法非谓语动词的形式与用法高中英语知识点归纳:语法非谓语动词的形式与用法1. 非谓语动词的定义非谓语动词是指不具备人称、数和时态变化的动词形式,它可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
在英语中,非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词。
2. 不定式的形式与用法不定式一般由“to + 动词原形”构成,常用于以下几种情况:(1)作为动词的宾语:- She wants to go shopping this afternoon.- He needs to finish his homework before going out.(2)作为动词的主语:- To study hard is important for your future.- To speak fluent English requires practice.(3)用于形容词后面作定语:- She is happy to help others.- It's difficult to learn a new language.(4)与一些动词连用构成特定搭配:- He agreed to help us with the project.- She decided to take a break and relax.3. 动名词的形式与用法动名词是动词-ing形式,可以作为名词使用,常用于以下几种情况:(1)作为动词的宾语:- I enjoy swimming in the pool.- He doesn't mind waiting for a few minutes.(2)作为动词的主语:- Swimming is a good form of exercise.- Singing in the choir brings her joy.(3)用于介词后面作宾语:- Are you interested in learning a musical instrument?- She is good at playing tennis.(4)与一些动词连用构成特定搭配:- I suggest taking a break and getting some rest.- He admitted stealing the money.4. 分词的形式与用法分词有现在分词和过去分词两种形式,常用于以下几种情况:(1)作为动词的宾语补足语:- She heard him singing in the shower.- I saw a man injured in the car accident.(2)作为形容词修饰名词:- The running water is cold.- The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.(3)表示原因、结果等状语:- Being tired, she decided to go to bed early.- Hailed as a hero, he received a medal.(4)作为时间、条件等状语:- Walking along the beach, they enjoyed the sunset.- Given the opportunity, I would love to travel around the world.5. 非谓语动词的时态与语态非谓语动词不具备人称和数的变化,只有时态和语态的变化。
高中英语语法非谓语动词
On hearing the bad news, she cried.
I’ll never forget seeing that film for the first time.
8.动名词的语态 doing being done
having done having been done
being left at home. (1) He was afraid of __________ having been damaged (2) The house showed no sign of _____________________. 注意: 但有些动名词在句中虽是主动形式,却有被动含义。
To begin with, Beijing is a very beautiful city.
10.不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where, how, what
等连用,在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语
(完整版)高中英语语法知识点详解:非谓语动词用法
高中英语语法知识点详解:非谓语动词用法非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语,但保留动词的某些特征(如有自己的宾语或状语等)的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括:动词不定式、动名词形式、和分词形式三类.注意:非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,但却有时态和语态的变化,在句中可以作除谓语之外的各种成分.I 不定式两种形式:一种是带to的不定式;一种是不带to的不定式。
不定式的构成形式1.不定式的一般式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词之后,有时表示同时发生,动作通常时间性不强。
To talk with him is a great pleasure.和他谈话是一件愉快的事。
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.我们的计划是在两周内完成这项工作.2.不定式的进行式:表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行。
The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in。
老师进来时,孩子们假装在大声朗读。
I happened to be watching TV when she called.她打电话来时,我恰巧正在看电视。
3.不定式的完成式:不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,强调动作的先后顺序。
I am very sorry to have troubled you with so much questions.问了你很多问题,打扰你了。
She is said to have studied abroad last year。
据说去年他在国外学习过.4.不定式的完成进行式:表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作的时间之前,一直在进行。
They suspected us to have been quarreling。
他们怀疑我们刚刚吵过架.We are glad to have been working with you。
高中语法专题解析非谓语动词
高中语法专题解析非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语动词,具有名词、形容词和副词特征的动词形式。
在英语语法中,非谓语动词主要包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
本文将对非谓语动词的用法进行详细解析,并提供相关例句进行说明。
一、不定式不定式作为非谓语动词,一般形式为“to + 动词原形”,可以作为名词、形容词或副词使用。
1. 不定式作为名词用法不定式作为名词时,可以作为主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语或定语等。
例句:- To learn English well is my goal.(作主语)- His dream is to become a doctor.(作表语)- I want to buy a new car.(作宾语)- She is looking for a place to live in.(作介词宾语)- This is the book to study for the test.(作定语)2. 不定式作为形容词用法不定式作为形容词时,可以修饰名词或代词,并且位于被修饰词之后。
例句:- He has a lot of work to do.(修饰名词)- I have something important to tell you.(修饰代词)3. 不定式作为副词用法不定式作为副词时,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,并且位于被修饰词之后。
例句:- He came home to rest.(修饰动词)- The movie is too long to watch.(修饰形容词)- She worked hard to pass the exam.(修饰副词)二、现在分词现在分词以-ing结尾,作为非谓语动词时,可以表示一个主动或进行的动作。
1. 现在分词作为形容词用法现在分词作为形容词时,可以修饰名词或代词,并且位于被修饰词之前。
例句:- The running water is clean.(修饰名词)- She saw a crying baby.(修饰代词)2. 现在分词作为副词用法现在分词作为副词时,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词,并且位于被修饰词之前。
高中英语语法第六节非谓语动词
use it in a few minutes. 句意:英语难学。没有人能在短时间内学会使用它。此处考 查be+形容词+不定式的结构。
目录
3.After chatting on QQ for a long time,Mary looked up
He hurried to the school, only __t_o_b__e_t_o_l_d____ (tell) that it
was Sunday. “only+to do”表示出乎意料的结果,tell和主语He之间存在
动宾关系,因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状 语则表示自然而然的结果。
人都可以在几分钟内学会使用它。此句式中动词不定式作状
语,与句子主语构成动宾关系,故用主动形式表达被动意义
。
目录
小试牛刀
1.A__tt_r_a_c_t_e_d(attract) by the noise,curious heads were
turning to find out what happened. 句意:被噪音所吸引,好奇的人们开始弄清楚发生了什么。 此处可改写为:Because they were attracted by the noise, curious heads were turning to find out what happened.。
目录
②当被修饰词被序数词修饰时,用不定式作定语。 She was the first woman (to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games). 她是第一个在奥运会上获金牌的女性。 ③不定式常作下列名词的定语,与被修饰词之间构成同位语 关系:attempt,ability,anything,chance,desire, determination,decision,effort,failure,intention, need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right, tendency,time,way等。 Do you have the ability (to read and write in English)? 你具备读写英语的能力吗?
高中英语语法梳理-非谓语动词
高中英语语法非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(-ing)、现在分词(-ing)与过去分词(-ed)。
它们不受主语人称和数的限制,在句子中不能充当谓语,但可以充当句子的其他成分,并且有时态和语态的变化。
动词不定式定义:动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能独立作谓语,但它仍保持动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。
主动形式被动形式一般式to do to be done一.不定式的意义1.不定式的一般式:一般式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态的同时或之后。
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动式(to be done).e.g.He seemed to be tired.The building to be finished next month is for our teachers.2.不定式的进行式:进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语的动作同时发生。
e.g.When I went to his home,he happened to be traveling around the world.3.不定式的完成式:如果不定式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示动作或状态之前,就用完成式;若是在此基础上的被动含义,就用完成被动式(to have been done).e.g.He is said to have written a novel about the Long March.He is said to have been taught French when he was a child.4.不定式的完成进行式:如果不定式的动作是在谓语所表示的时间之前一直在进行或有可能继续进行的动作,就要用完成进行式.e.g.We’re happy to have been working with the experts all the month.二.不定式的用法1.不定式做主语:不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
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非谓语动词一、动词的-ed形式1.动词-ed形式作状语(1)动词-ed形式作状语,进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。
Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.(2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化,此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。
这样的词(组)常见的有:lost (迷路的), seated (坐), hidden (躲), stationed (驻扎), lost/absorbed in (沉溺于), dressed in (穿着), tired of (感到厌倦)等。
Absorbed in his book, he didn’t notice me enter the room.2.动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词之间在逻辑上存在被动关系,并表示该动作的被动或完成。
Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.3.动词-ed形式作宾语补足语动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。
Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.4.动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作表语时,大多数是已经形容词化的过去分词。
如:seated, disappointed, stuck, excited等。
In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained stuck abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.二、动词的-ing形式1.动词-ing形式作状语(1)动词的-ing形式作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。
动词的-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。
Pressed from his parents, and realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.The news shocked the public, leading to great concern about students’ safety at school.(2)动词-ing形式有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式,每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。
一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作;完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作;完成被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。
Having been told many times, he finally understood it.The old man, having worked abroad for twenty years, came back to his motherland.Not having fully recovered from the operation, the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.2.动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing形式(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,表示该动作的主动和进行。
John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter offering him it.(=定语从句John ... the official letter which/that offered him it.)3.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。
动词-ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作。
可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。
Jenny found a wallet lying on the ground.4.动词-ing形式作宾语(1)常接动词-ing作宾语的动词(短语)advise (建议), admit (承认), appreciate (感激), avoid (避免), can’t help (禁不住), consider(考虑), delay (推迟), enjoy (欣赏), escape (逃脱), finish (完成), imagine (想象), keep (on) (继续), mind (介意), practice (练习), suggest (建议), miss (错过), feel like (想要), devote ...to (把……献给), get used to (习惯于), look forward to (期望), object to (反对), set about (开始), put off (推迟)等。
I had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.(2)可用动词-ing ,也可用不定式作宾语,但意义区别明显的动词forget ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)regret ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ to do sth.对即将做的事表示遗憾(未做)doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔(已做) try ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ to do sth.尽力去做某事doing sth.试着做某事 go on ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ to do sth.继续做另一件事doing sth.继续做原来做的事 remember ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ to do sth.记着去做某事(未做)doing sth.记着做了某事(已做) mean ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧to do sth.打算做某事doing sth.意味着做某事 I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.(3)动词want, need, require 意为“需要”时,后面跟动词-ing 主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大。
The flowers need /want/require watering/to be watered.(4)在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit 后面直接跟动词-ing 作宾语,如果有名词或代词作宾语,则应用带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
We don ’t allow smoking here.We don ’t allow anyone to smoke here.5.动词-ing形式作主语动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的动作,尤其是一般行为倾向。
(1)一般形式It’s not easy to learn English well. Reading as much as possible is necessary.(2)通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语,动词-ing后置。
It is no good learning without practice.三、动词不定式1.不定式作状语(1)不定式用来作目的状语。
作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,往往意为“为了;想要”。
Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to speak to the new students.(2)不定式用于so ...as to ...; such ...as to; enough to ...; too ...to ...; only to ...等结构中作结果状语。
George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.[名师指津]不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别:不定式作结果状语往往表示意想不到的结果,而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。
It rained heavily in the south, causing serious flooding in several provinces.(3)不定式与形容词连用作原因状语。
这些形容词主要有:happy, kind, surprised, frightened, angry, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed等。
We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.(4)在“be+adj.(pleasant, nice, comfortable, hard, easy等)+to do sth.”结构中,常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to deal with.2.不定式作定语动词不定式作定语多表示将来的动作。
We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.3.have, get 后作宾补的三种非谓语动词形式have, get 作“使、让、叫”讲时,其后可接“动词-ed 形式,动词-ing 形式和动词不定式”这三种形式作宾补。