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材料科学与工程专业英语13-unit 19-20 nanostructured materialsppt课件
• Lithography:光刻 • Etching：刻蚀 • Semiconductor:半导体 • Self-organization:自组装 • Fabrication：构建
• the changes of the chemical properties: increase of the surface to volume ratio
B
4.The colloidal mask is removed.
.
3. The spheres size is reduced and a material B is depo1s3ited.
.
14
.
11
top-down and bottom-up approaches
• Bottoom-up techniques
Bulk materials
– Sol-gel 溶胶-凝胶
– Precipitation 沉淀
– Flame pyrolysis 火焰分解
– Electrodeposition 电沉积
• Ferromagnietic materials:铁磁性材料 • Thermal motion:热运动 • Permanent magnetic:永磁性的 • Paramagnet：顺磁体 • Superparamagnetism： 超顺磁性 • Giant magnetoresistive effect:巨磁阻效应
材料科学与工程专业英语
Special English for Materials Science and Engineering
Part 4 nanostructured materials
Unit19 Nanotechnology and nanostructured materials Unit 20 creation of nanostructured materials
• the changes of the chemical properties: increase of the surface to volume ratio
B
4.The colloidal mask is removed.
.
3. The spheres size is reduced and a material B is depo1s3ited.
.
14
.
11
top-down and bottom-up approaches
• Bottoom-up techniques
Bulk materials
– Sol-gel 溶胶-凝胶
– Precipitation 沉淀
– Flame pyrolysis 火焰分解
– Electrodeposition 电沉积
• Ferromagnietic materials:铁磁性材料 • Thermal motion:热运动 • Permanent magnetic:永磁性的 • Paramagnet：顺磁体 • Superparamagnetism： 超顺磁性 • Giant magnetoresistive effect:巨磁阻效应
材料科学与工程专业英语
Special English for Materials Science and Engineering
Part 4 nanostructured materials
Unit19 Nanotechnology and nanostructured materials Unit 20 creation of nanostructured materials
第二章 建设材料和建筑结构 工程管理专业英语ppt课件
虽然现浇混凝土具备更大的灵活性和适应性,但一般很难控
制其混合料,特别是在天气条件不好的情况下。
Review Questions and Problems
1.What are the types of foundations? List some examples for each type of foundation.
Reading material
The Total Cost of Building Materials
2 . Ecological Costs •Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the ysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.
制其混合料,特别是在天气条件不好的情况下。
Review Questions and Problems
1.What are the types of foundations? List some examples for each type of foundation.
Reading material
The Total Cost of Building Materials
2 . Ecological Costs •Pollution costs can be macro and micro. The macro, environmental pollution of extraction industries building materials rely on such as mining, petroleum, and logging produce environmental damage at their source and in transportation of the raw materials, manufacturing, transportation of the products, retailing, and installation. An example of the micro aspect of pollution is the off-gassing of the building materials in the building or indoor air pollution. Red List building materials are materials found to be harmful. Also the carbon footprint, the total set of greenhouse gas emissions produced in the ysis also includes the reuse, recycling, or disposal of construction waste. Two concepts in building which account for the ecological economics of building materials are green building and sustainable development.
无机非金属材料专业英语课件(共128张PPT)
20后缀后缀含义含义ageage抽象概念如性质抽象概念如性质状态行为等状态行为等voltagevoltagepercentagepercentageanceanceenceence抽象概念如性质抽象概念如性质状态行为等状态行为等resistanceresistance电阻电阻differencedifference差别差别encyency抽象概念如性质抽象概念如性质状态行为等状态行为等efficiencyefficiency效率效率frequencyfrequency率emergencyemergency紧急情况紧急情况ioniontiontionsionsion抽象概念如性质抽象概念如性质状态行为等状态行为等actionaction作用作用automationautomation自动化自动化transmissiontransmission传输传输logylogy学论技术学论技术technologytechnology技术技术dermatologydermatologyiatrologyiatrology医学医学electrotechnologyelectrotechnology电工学电工学nessness性质状态程度性质状态程度hardnesshardness硬度硬度deepnessdeepness度brightnessbrightness亮度亮度roughnessroughness粗糙度粗糙度shipship情况性质状态情况性质状态关系地位关系地位relationshiprelationship关系关系friendshipfriendship好membershipmembership会员资格会员资格scholarshipscholarship学金学问学识学金学问学识fellowshipfellowship伙伴关系伙伴关系ererdriverdriver驱动器驱动器capacitorcapacitor电容器电容器conductorconductor导体导体reactorreactor电抗电抗器breakerbreakerdisconnectordisconnector断路器断路器名词后缀21词缀词缀含义含义ableableibleiblemeasurablemeasurable可测量的可测量的convertibleconvertible可逆的可逆的ousouscontinuouscontinuous继续的继续的
材料学专业英语
Disadvantages of CMOS
• • • • Long well drive-in step Latchup effect Interconnect between poly and S/D Electrostatic-discharge
The Well Controversy in CMOS
– Device size ( PMOS vs NDMOS ) – Velocity saturation effect – Fraction of area for interconnection
• Speed
– Gate cap & Interconnect cap – Overall system speed
• Transfer characteristic
– – – – – VO as a function of Vin Vin=0, VO=VDD, CL (charged) Vin=VDD, VO=0, CL (discharged) Standby mode : P = Ileakage× VDD Rail to rail
– Good performance balance
• Better choice for pure-static logic
– Isolated p-region
p-Well CMOS
• Pros of p-well tech
– Less susceptible to field-inversion
• Hot-carrier effect • substrate current substrate current voltage drops
CMOS on Epitaxial Substrate
材料成型及控制工程专业英语3PRINCINPLESOFPLASTICFORMING幻灯片
流动应力
流动应力是从英文Flow Stress翻译过来的，实质 上就是变形过程的应力。
材料在单向拉伸〔或压缩〕过程中，由于加工硬化 ，塑性流动所需的应力值随变形量增大而增大。对 应于变形过程某一瞬时进展塑性流动所需的真实应 力叫做该瞬时的屈服应力〔Y〕，亦称流动应力。 如果忽略材料的加工硬化，可以认为屈服应力为一 常数，并近似等于屈服极限〔σs〕。实际上，屈服 应力是一个由形变速度、形变温度、形变程度决定 的函数，且这些参数彼此相互影响，并通常与材料 特性相关。
热加工物理冶金的原则现已得到公认。在变形过程中（例如 一个轧制过程中），材料发生加工硬化，但被回复和再结晶 的动态软化过程平衡。
▪recognize 认出，识别；承认 ▪pass n,(机器的)一次操作；一次完整的工作循环
-8-
CHAPTER 3 PRINCIPLES OF PLASTIC FORMING
▪材料成型及控制工程专业英 语
3PRINCINPLESOFPLASTI CFORMING幻灯片
2009 © Hisuntech C ▪学习完请自行删除，谢谢！ ▪本课件PPT仅供大家学习使用 ▪学习完请自行删除，谢谢！
▪Translation Skill — Semantic Extension
▪ 长句常见的翻译（方翻法译主技要巧有以——下长四句种的：译法）
➢ 化整为零，分译法； ➢ 纲举目张，变序法； ➢ 逆流而上，逆序法； ➢ 逆序而下，顺序法。
▪化整为零，分译法
▪原句包含多层意思，而汉语习惯一个小句表达一层意思。为 了使行文简洁，将整个长句译成几个独立的句子，顺序基本 不变，保持前后的连贯。
▪Steel is usually made where the iron ore is smelted, so that the modern steelworks forms a complete unity, taking in raw materials and producing all types of cast iron and steel, both for sending to other works for further treatment, and as finished products such as joists and other consumers.
材料专业英语 polymers
Linear polymer molecules
Polyethylene is typical of a large number of polymers. They have a long “chain” backbone, with side groups attached to the backbone. Each molecule is like a long fiber.
Polymers whose glass transition temperature is below the service temperature are weaker, less rigid, and more ductile Polyethylene (milk jugs)
If the service temperature changes, and Tg is crossed, the behavior can change drastically.
Polystyrene
聚苯乙烯
Benzene ring, or phenol group:
Cheap, clear plastic drink cups
Other polymer backbones
Some linear polymers have more complex backbones:
Performance limitation : low resistance to high temperatures →Melting/softening；Combustion (oxidation)/ decomposition →Maximum use T <~300°C Aging
材料科学与工程专业英语课件
材料科学与工程专业英语课件
材料科学与工程专业的英语课件通常涵盖材料科学的基本理论、工程应用以及相关领域的最新进展。
课件内容可能涉及材料分类、
性能、加工工艺、测试方法等方面。
在教学中，课件可能会包括各
种图表、数据、案例分析等，以便帮助学生更好地理解和应用所学
知识。
从基础知识的角度来看，英语课件可能会介绍材料的原子结构、晶体结构、缺陷理论等基本概念，并通过英文文献、案例分析等方
式展示相关知识点。
在工程应用方面，课件可能会涉及材料的设计、选择、性能优化等内容，以及材料在航空航天、汽车制造、能源领
域等工程中的应用。
此外，课件可能还会介绍材料科学与工程领域的最新研究成果、前沿技术和发展趋势，以帮助学生了解行业动态，培养他们的创新
意识和解决问题的能力。
总之，材料科学与工程专业的英语课件应该全面覆盖材料科学
与工程领域的基础知识、工程应用和最新研究成果，以促进学生对
该领域的全面理解和应用能力的培养。
材料科学与工程专业英语课件
• These alloy additions are chosen carefully because they invariably bring with them sharply increased material costs. They are justified only by essential improvements in properties such as higher strength or improved corrosion resistance
Ferrous Alloys
• The majority of engineering designs that require structural load support or power transmission involve ferrous alloys. as a practical matter, these alloys fall into two broad categories based on the carbon in the alloy composition.
ball bearing 滚珠轴承 多相 加工的，精细的 可锻的 有延展性的
Ferrous Alloys
• • • • Arbitrary 专横的，独断的，任意的 Smelt 熔炼 ，精炼 Intricate 复杂的 ，精巧的 Combination 结合 ，合并， 化合物
Ferrous Alloys
Mechanical Engineering materials
Organic polymer materials Inorganic non-metallic materials
plastic rubber Synthetic Fibers Traditional ceramics Special Ceramics Metal Matrix Composites
Ferrous Alloys
• The majority of engineering designs that require structural load support or power transmission involve ferrous alloys. as a practical matter, these alloys fall into two broad categories based on the carbon in the alloy composition.
ball bearing 滚珠轴承 多相 加工的，精细的 可锻的 有延展性的
Ferrous Alloys
• • • • Arbitrary 专横的，独断的，任意的 Smelt 熔炼 ，精炼 Intricate 复杂的 ，精巧的 Combination 结合 ，合并， 化合物
Ferrous Alloys
Mechanical Engineering materials
Organic polymer materials Inorganic non-metallic materials
plastic rubber Synthetic Fibers Traditional ceramics Special Ceramics Metal Matrix Composites
材料力学专业英语1
The Importance of Learning English for Materials
Mechanics
Global Advantage
Access to Resources
Enhanced Career Prospects
Materials mechanisms are a field that transfers national boundaries, and the use of English as a common language enables professionals to collaborate and share knowledge worldwide
03
English Vocabulary for Materials
Mechanics
Vocabulary for mechanical properties of metallic materials
Elastic modulus
Yield strength
The ratio of stress to strain in a material under elastic deformation
Basic units and symbols of material mechanics
要点一
Summary
要点二
Detailed description
Overview of Basic Units and Symbols in Materials Mechanics
Common units used in material mechanics include SI units (such as Newton, meter, kilogram, etc.) and engineering units (such as pound force, foot, pound, etc.). In addition, there are some commonly used symbols to represent different physical quantities, such as σ Represents stress, ε Indicates strain, etc.
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Nano-Crystalline Nickel 纳米镍晶
Nickel may one day compete with other materials in lightweight applications such as aerospace components，sporting goods and armour systems for defense．
armour is seven times stronger than that currently worn by soldiers and police．This
increase in strength is accompanied by a decrease in wei 甲钢板比美国军用车辆所需的规格强硬 2.5倍，而它的护身防弹衣比目前士兵和 警察穿的强七倍。这种强度的增加伴随 着重量的减少。
虽然它第一次在实验室测试是在20世纪 80年代初，但在十年之后技术才创建于商业 应用。
The breakthrough occurred in the 1990s， when Ontario Hydro，a government-owned power
company in Canada，was seeking an in-situ repair technology for the degraded tubes in its nuclear steam generator．Although nickel seemed like the ideal choice，because of its resistance to corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in nuclear reactors，its use was limited by poor mechanical strength·
with a grain size a thousand times smaller
than conventional alloys without sacrificing ductility．The tiny grain size makes the metal stronger and more resistant to wear．
在消费者面前，潜在的应用包括使 用纳米金属发泡技术制造的轻巧头盔， 用轻量级涂料去增加网球拍和高尔夫球 杆的刚性，提高溜冰鞋，滑雪板边缘的 耐腐蚀，耐用性。
The key to the technology is a single— step process that produces nano-materials
可能有一天镍会同其他材料在轻质量的应用领 域，如航空零部件，体育用品和装甲防御系统产生 竞争。
A Canadian nano—technology company， Integran Technologies，has developed a relatively
low-cost electroforming process that can manufacture a variety of nano-crystalline forms， such as plates and strips，with a higher-strength-
7.3 Nano-Crystalline Metal and Nano Metal Foam 纳米晶金属和纳米金属泡沫
制作：孙玉超 关京瑶
armour 盔甲，装甲 ductility 延展性 wear 磨损，耐磨 nano-crystalline 纳米晶 attribute 性能，特性 dent 凹坑 crack 裂缝，开裂 degradation 退化 intact 完整无缺的 foam 泡沫技术
applications include lightweight helmets that use nano-metal foam technology，
lightweight coatings to add stiffness to tennis rackets and golf clubs，and corrosion—resistant，durable edges for skates，skis and snowboards。
For example，the company’s nickel— iron(50％nickel) armour plating is 2.5 times
tougher than the required specifications for itary vehicles，whereas its body
Integran has partnered with the U.S. Department of Defense to design new products based on these properties.
基于这些性能，Integran公司已与美 国国防部合作，设计新产品。
On the consumer front，potential
to-weight ratio than some of the strongest
lightweight alloys made of titanium and aluminum．
一家加拿大的纳米技术公司， Integran技术，开发了一个成本相对较 低的电铸工艺，可以制造出各种形式的 纳米晶，如比一些由钛和铝组成的最强 的轻量级合金具有更高的强度重量比的 板材和带材。
该技术的关键是一个单步的过程， 生产的纳米材料晶粒尺寸比传统的合金 小一千倍而不牺牲延展性。微小的晶粒 尺寸，使金属更强和更耐磨损。
Although first tested in the lab in the early 1980s，it was another decade before the technology found commercial applications．