福州市---学年第一学期九年级期末质量检测(word版含答案)
2019-2020学年度第一学期福建省福州市九年级期末质量抽测(无听力)
2019-2020学年度第一学期福州市九年级期末质量抽测英语试卷Ⅱ. 选择填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。
21.- Have you finished your project?- Not yet. But we are making _______ .A.peaceB. noiseC. progress22. Don’t worry! If you can’t complete the work _______ your own, I will give you a hand.A. InB. onC. at23.- How much difficulty did you have solving this problem?- _______. It’s quite easy.A. NobodyB. NowhereC. None24.--Kate, don’t sing here! I'm busy preparing for tomorrows math test.-Sorry, I didn’t _______ it.A. mentionB. realizeC. manage25.-What a fine day today!Yes. It’s ______ to stay indoors. Why not go out for a picnic?A. sillyB. naturalC. excellent26. Thomas and Martin climbed the higher mountain, ____they enjoyed a better view1A. butB. soC. or27. The style of my dress ______ that of Mary’s, but hers is a little longer.A. is similar toB. is pleased withC. is short of28.-How’s Mrs. Black?-She ______ her medicine and is resting now.A. takesB. is takingC. has taken29.-_____ have you been in the sports club?- Since the first month I came to this school.A. How longB. How soonC. How often30. We ______ respect the disabled and be kind to them.A. dare toB. orC. have to31.- Why can’t Karl enter the bar?- Only those _____ are above eighteen years old are allowed to enter.A. whoB. whichC. when32. My cat was lying under the shelf on the wall. So when the shelf fell, she _____ right on the head.A. hitB. was hitC. was hitting33. Jane and her friends ______ themselves when they saw one another’s costumesA. laughed atB. turned toC. named after34. The doctor did what he could ______ the girl who was badly injured in the accident.2A. saveB. savingC. to save35. Steve is free tomorrow. Let's ask him ________ .A. where he has goneB. when did he go to the Great WallC. whether he wants to go to the ball game with usCBCBA BACAB ABACCⅢ. 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
福州市2012-2013学年第一学期九年级期末质量检查以及答案
福州市2012—2013学年第一学期九年级期末质量检查数学试卷参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(每小题 分,共 分).✌ . . . . . . ..✌ . 二、填空题(每小题 分,共 分).相交 . 或15等 . π .三 .932m -<<-三、解答题(满分 分) .(每小题 分,共 分)( )解:原式1+, 分134+-, 分 分 ( )如图,M 即为所求; 分 (圆心 位置标注正确 分,画图正确 分) BC 所对的圆心角的度数为 度. 分(注:未用水笔描图扣一分) .(每小题 分,共 分)( )解:()22(1)32x x +=+, 分 ()132x x +=±+, 分132x x ∴+=+或1(32)x x +=-+, 分 1242,3x x ∴=-=-. 分()1,AB BC =解:,3728AC BC∴⋅===分分.分.(满分 分)解:当1a=,1b=时,1)42ab==-;当1a=,1b=时,1)2ab==;当1a=,1b=时,1)42=+>;当1a=,1b=时,1)2=; 分( )♋、b可能出现的结果有 种,它们出现的可能性相等,其中满足2ab≤的有 种. 分∴(2)34abP≤=. 分.(满分 分)解:连接✌,………………………………… 分AC OB⊥,且 为 中点,✌垂直平分 , ✌= ,✌=✌.………………………………… 分又 ✌= ,✌是等边三角形, 分= ,✌= , 分在 ♦✌中,AC=,设 =⌧,则 ✌= x, 分由勾股定理得:222(2)x x+=,解得:11x=,21x=-(不合题意,舍去). 分✌第题✌= , ,阴影部分的面积260212136023OAB AOC S S S π⨯-⨯π扇形△==-=. 分(注:不同解法可参照评分标准给分).(满分 分)解: = < , 李先生购买的数量超过 条. 分 设李先生一共购买了x 条棉被,依题意,得: 分 [1200.5(60)]8800x x --= 分 解得:180x = ,2220x =. 分 当180x =时,1200.5(60)110100x --=>,符合题意, 分 当2220x =时,1200.5(60)40100x --=<,不符合题意. 分 答:李先生一共购买了 条棉被. 分.(满分 分)解:( )∠ ✈= °;………………………………………… 分( )如图 ,过✈点作✈☞⊥ 于点☞,连接 ✈,……………………………… 分 ∵✌⊥ ,∴✈☞∥✌,……………………………………………………………… 分 ∵四边形 ☟✈是菱形, ∴ ☜⊥ ☟,又∵ ⊥ ☟,∴ ☜∥ ,∴四边形 ☜✈☞是矩形,又∵☜=☜✈,∴四边形 ☜✈☞是正方形,………………………… 分 ∴✈☜=✈☞,即点✈在∠✌的平分线上………………∵在菱形 ☟✈中,∠ ✈= °, ∴△ ✈和△ ☟✈都是等边三角形,∴✈=✈☟,………………………………………… 分 又∵ ☜∥ ,☟✈∥ , ∴四边形 ✈☟是菱形, ∴ ✈平分∠✌,∴点✈为Rt ABC △的内心;…………………………………… 分图☟☞( )∵E 与菱形MPHQ 关于直线PE 对称, ∴E 与直线HQ 、直线MQ 同时相切;或与直线PM 、直线PH 同时相切,……………… 分分两种情况考虑:♊如图 ,设E 与直线HQ 相切于点☠,直线HQ 交✌于点 ,连接☜☠.则☜☠⊥ ☟,四边形CHOE 是矩形. 设E 的半径为❒,则 ☟ ☟ ❒, 由( )得: ☟ ✌,☟✈ ✌, ∴四边形✌☟是平行四边形, ∴✌ ☟ ❒,在 ♦ ☜☠中,∠☜☠ ✌ , ☜ ☜☠ ❒,✌ ✌ ☜ ☜ ❒,……………………………… 分 又∵在Rt ABC △中, 90C ∠=o ,30A ∠=o ,✌= , ∴ =12✌ ,∴AC ==,∴rMH 分∵在 ♦△ ☟中,∠ ☟= ,∠ ☟=∠✌ °, ∴222112()225BM BM MH -==,∴45BM =,…………………………………………… 分 ②如图 ,设E 与直线AB 相切于点☝,连接☜☝, ∴☜☝⊥✌,又30A ∠=o , ∴✌☜ ☜☠ ❒, ∵3AC AE EC r =+=,3r =r =∴MH =,…………………………………………… 分∴22214()23BM BM MH -==,∴43BM =,☟图图综上所述 当E 与菱形MPHQ 边所在的直线相切时 的值为45或43 …… 分(注:各题不同解法可参照评分标准给分,但,凡用相似证明或解题者,统一在总分中扣 分,不重复扣分.).解:( ) 抛物线2=+y ax b 的图像经过点✌( , 16+=4=4a b b ⎧⎨-⎩,解得:1=2=4a b ⎧⎪⎨⎪-⎩, 抛物线的解析式为:21=42y x -;………… 分( )过点✌作✌☜ ⌧轴于☜,连接✌交⌧轴于点☜,=✌☜= , = ✌☜= , = ✌☜, ☹☜✌,…………………………………………… 分 MB MA =, ☜ 122OE =,…………………………… 分以 为圆心, 为半径的 ,即为以✌为直径的圆.……………… 分 由勾股定理得 MB ==,…………………… 分 点 的坐标为(2-,.………………………………… 分 ( )如图 ,当点 在点( , )的右侧时, 作✌☜ ⌧轴于☜, ☞ ⌧轴于☞, ✌为等腰直角三角形,✌= , ✌= ,即 ✌☞+ ☞+ ☞= , ✌☞= ☞, 又 ☞= ✌☜= , ☞☹ ☜✌,…………………………… 分 ☜= ☞,☞=✌☜,✌( , ), ✌☜= ☜= , ☞= ☜,即 ☞+☜☞= ☜+☜☞,☞= ☜, ☞= ☞,………………………… 分 当点 与点( , )的重合时,点 与原点重合;… 分当点 在点( , )的左侧时(如图 ),同理可得⌧图⌧图✌ 综上所述,点 在直线y x =-的图像上. 设点 的坐标为(❍, ),则点 的坐标为(❍- , -❍), 分 又 点 在抛物线21=42y x -的图像上,()214442m m -=--,解得:12=0=6m m ,,当点 的坐标为( , )或( , )时,点 落在抛物线21=42y x -的图像上. 分(注:各题不同解法可参照评分标准给分,但,凡用相似证明或解题者,统一在总分中扣 分,不重复扣分.)。
福建省龙岩市新罗区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末质量监测英语试题(含答案)
2022~2023学年第一学期期末九年级质量监测英语试题(考试时间:120分钟满分150分)注意:请把所有答案填涂或书写到答题卡上!请不要错位、越界答题!在本试题上答题无效。
Ⅰ.听力(共三节,20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)第一节听句子听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与其内容相符的选项。
(每个句子读两遍)1. A. B. C.2. A. B. C.3. A. B. C.4. A. B. C.5. A. B. C.第二节听对话听下面七段对话,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。
(每段对话读两遍)听第1段对话,回答第6小题。
6. What’s Frank’s favourite subject?A. Chinese.B. History.C. Maths.听第2段对话,回答第7小题。
7. How many times has the man been to New York?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Three times.听第3段对话,回答第8小题。
8. What is the advice to Yang Hui?A. To make friends.B. To get pens.C. To write more.听第4段对话,回答第9小题。
9. When is the movie going to start?A. At 3:10.B. At 3:30.C. At 3:50.听第5段对话,回答第10、11小题。
10. What are they talking about?A. Protecting rainforests.B. Planting trees.C. Protecting wildlife.11. What does the woman suggest doing to raise money?A. Selling books.B. Having a concert.C. Selling some old clothes. 听第6段对话,回答第12、13小题。
2022-2023学年福建省福州市九年级(上)期末数学试卷(一检)+答案解析(附后)
2022-2023学年福建省福州市九年级(上)期末数学试卷(一检)1. 地铁标志作为城市地铁的形象和符号,是城市文化的缩影.下列图案分别为北京,上海,深圳,福州四个城市的地铁标志,其中是中心对称图形的是( )A. B.C. D.2. 下列成语所描述的事件属于不可能事件的是( )A. 守株待兔B. 水中捞月C. 水滴石穿D. 百发百中3. 下列图形中,正多边形内接于半径相等的圆,其中正多边形周长最小的是( )A. B. C. D.4. 如图,已知直线,直线AC和DF分别与直线,,交于点A,B,C和点D,E,若,,则DE的长是( )A.B. 3C. 6D. 95. 方程的解是( )A. ,B. ,C. ,D. ,6. 如图,将点M绕点O顺时针旋转得到点N,则点N在( )A. 第一象限B. 第二象限C. 第三象限D. 第四象限7. 将抛物线向左平移1个单位长度,平移后的抛物线的解析式是( )A. B. C.D.8. 2020年教育部印发了《大中小学劳动教育指导纲要试行》,劳动教育已纳入人才培养过程.某中学加大校园农场建设,为学生提供更多的劳动场所.该农场某种作物2020年的年产量为100千克,2022年的年产量为225千克.设该作物年产量的平均增长率为x,则符合题意的方程是( )A.B.C.D.9. 关于x的一元二次方程,若,则该方程必有一个根是( )A. B. C. D.10. 公元前3世纪,古希腊科学家阿基米德发现了“杠杆原理”:杠杆平衡时,阻力阻力臂=动力动力臂.当用撬棍撬动一块石头时,发现阻力和阻力臂分别为1200N和,关于动力F和动力臂l,下列说法错误的是( )A. F与l的积为定值B. F随l的增大而减小C. 当l为时,撬动石头至少需要400N的力D. F关于l的函数图象位于第一、第三象限11. 若反比例函数的图象经过点,则k的值是______ .12. 如图,在中,弦AB长为8,于C且,则的半径是______ .13. 某林业部门要考察某种幼树在一定条件下的移植成活率,在同样条件下,对这种幼树进行大量移植,并完成统计情况,得到一组统计数据:移植总次数n150035007000900014000成活数m133532036335803712628成活的频率估计该种幼树在此条件下移植成活的概率是______ 结果精确到14. 在半径为1的圆中,圆心角所对的弧长是______ .15. 某足球运动员将足球沿与地面成一定角度的方向踢出,如果不考虑空气阻力,足球飞行的高度单位:与足球飞行的时间单位:之间具有二次函数关系,其部分图象如图所示,则足球从踢出到落地所需的时间是______ .16. 如图,已知内接于,I是的内心.若,则的度数是______ .17. 解方程:18. 如图,在平行四边形ABCD中,点E,F分别在边AD,BC上,且,连接AF,求证:四边形AECF是中心对称图形.19. 已知一元二次方程有两个不相等的实数根,求a的取值范围.20. 如图,将绕点A顺时针旋转得到为锐角,点D与点B对应,连接BD,求证:∽21. 为增强学生爱国意识,激发爱国情怀,某校9月开展了“喜迎二十大、永远跟党走、奋进新征程”主题教育活动,活动方式有:主题征文,书法绘画,红歌传唱,经典诵读.为了解最受学生喜爱的活动方式,现随机抽取若干名学生进行调查,并将调查结果绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图.根据以上信息,解答下列问题:参与此次抽样调查的学生人数是______ ,扇形统计图中A部分圆心角的度数是______ ;学校从1班,2班,3班,4班中随机选取两个班参加“红歌传唱”的活动,求恰好选中2班和3班的概率.22. 如图,P为外一点,M为OP中点.过点P作的一条切线PQ,且Q为切点尺规作图,保留作图痕迹,不写作法;在的条件下,若,求证:点M在上.23. 如图,一块余料ABCDEF,,,,,,且CD和AF之间的距离为以AF所在直线为x轴,AB长为1个单位长度,建立适当的平面直角坐标系,图中曲线DE恰好是该平面直角坐标系中反比例函数图象的一部分.补全该平面直角坐标系,并写出点B,C,D,E的坐标;李师傅想利用该余料截取一块矩形材料POMN,其中边PQ在AF上点P在点Q的右侧,其余两个顶点M与N分别在线段BC与曲线段DE上,求所截取的矩形材料PQMN面积的最大值.24. 在中,,两条高AD,BE交于点H,F是CH的中点,连接AF并延长交边BC于点如图1,若是等边三角形,①求证:;②求CG的长;如图2,若,,求的面积.25. 已知抛物线与x轴的正半轴交于点A,与y轴交于点当时,抛物线最低点的纵坐标为;当时,抛物线最低点的纵坐标为求a,b的关系式用含b的代数式表示;若,求抛物线的解析式;在的条件下,M为抛物线对称轴上一点,过点M的直线交抛物线于C,D两点,E为线段CD的中点,过点E作x轴的垂线,交抛物线于点探究是否存在定点M,使得总成立.若存在,求出点M的坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.答案和解析1.【答案】C【解析】解:A、该图形不是中心对称图形,因为找不到一个点使图形绕该点旋转后能够与自身重合,不符合题意;B、该图形不是中心对称图形,因为找不到一个点使图形绕该点旋转后能够与自身重合,不符合题意;C、该图形是中心对称图形,符合题意;D、该图形不是中心对称图形,因为找不到一个点使图形绕该点旋转后能够与自身重合,不符合题意.故选:根据中心对称图形的概念和各图的特点求解.本题考查了中心对称图形的概念.如果一个图形绕某一点旋转后能够与自身重合,那么这个图形就叫做中心对称图形,这个点叫做对称中心.2.【答案】B【解析】解:A、守株待兔,是随机事件,故本选项不符合题意;B、水中捞月,是不可能事件,故本选项符合题意;C、水滴石穿是必然事件,故本选项不符合题意;D、百发百中,是随机事件,故本选项不符合题意;故选:根据事件发生的可能性大小判断.本题考查的是必然事件、不可能事件、随机事件的概念,必然事件指在一定条件下,一定发生的事件.不可能事件是指在一定条件下,一定不发生的事件,不确定事件即随机事件是指在一定条件下,可能发生也可能不发生的事件.3.【答案】A【解析】解:随着圆内接正多边形边数的增加,它的周长和面积越来越接近圆周长和圆面积.故选:根据圆内接多边形的周长小于圆周长,再利用夹逼法对即可选择答案.此题主要考查了正多边形与圆,关键是知道圆内接多边形的周长小于圆周长.4.【答案】C【解析】解:直线,,,,,解得:,故选:根据平行线分线段成比例定理得出比例式,再把和代入,即可求出答案.本题考查了平行线分线段成比例定理,能正确根据平行线分线段成比例定理得出比例式是解此题的关键.5.【答案】C【解析】解:,或,解得:或,故选:由已知等式知这两个因式的值就都有可能为0,这就能得到两个一元一次方程,再分别求解可得.本题主要考查解一元二次方程的能力,熟练掌握解一元二次方程的几种常用方法:直接开平方法、因式分解法、公式法、配方法,结合方程的特点选择合适、简便的方法是解题的关键6.【答案】C【解析】解:将点M绕点O顺时针旋转得到点N,如图,故将点M绕点O顺时针旋转得到点N,则点N在第三象限,故选:作出旋转后的图形,即可得到结论.本题主要考查了旋转的性质,根据题意画出图形是解题关键.7.【答案】B【解析】解:将抛物线向左平移1个单位长度后的抛物线解析式为:,即故选:直接根据“上加下减,左加右减”的原则进行解答.本题考查的是二次函数的图象与几何变换,熟知函数图象平移的法则是解答此题的关键.8.【答案】B【解析】解:根据题意得故选:利用该农场某种作物2022年的年产量=该农场某种作物2020年的年产量该作物年产量的平均增长率,即可得出关于x的一元二次方程,此题得解.本题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程,找准等量关系,正确列出一元二次方程是解题的关键.9.【答案】A【解析】解:由题意,一元二次方程满足且,当时,代入方程,有;综上可知,方程必有一根为故选:由满足且,可得:当时,有故问题可求.此题考查了一元二次方程的解,方程的解即为能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值.10.【答案】D【解析】解:阻力阻力臂=动力动力臂,阻力和阻力臂分别为1200N和,动力F和动力臂l的关系式为:,即F与l的积为定值,故选项A不合题意;,,故F随l的增大而减小,故此选项B不合题意;当l为时,撬动石头至少需要的力,故此选项C不合题意;,关于l的函数图象位于第一象限,故选项D符合题意.故选:根据杠杆平衡条件:动力动力臂=阻力阻力臂,代入有关数据计算即可.此题主要考查了反比例函数的应用,正确得出反比例函数解析式是解题关键.11.【答案】6【解析】解:把代入函数中,得,解得故答案为:将点代入解析式可求出k的值.主要考查了用待定系数法求反比例函数的解析式.先设,再把已知点的坐标代入可求出k 值,即得到反比例函数的解析式.12.【答案】5【解析】解:连接OA,弦AB长为8,,于C且,故答案为:连接OA,即可得直角三角形,根据题意,即可求出OA的长度.本题主要考查了垂径定理、勾股定理,解题的关键在于连接OA,构建直角三角形.13.【答案】【解析】解:幼树移植数14000棵时,幼树移植成活的频率为,估计幼树移植成活的概率为,精确到,即为故答案为:大量重复试验时,事件发生的频率在某个固定位置左右摆动,并且摆动的幅度越来越小,根据这个频率稳定性定理,可以用频率的集中趋势来估计概率,这个固定的近似值就是这个事件的概率.本题考查了用大量试验得到的频率可以估计事件的概率,大量反复试验下频率稳定值即概率.14.【答案】【解析】解:圆心角为,,故答案为:根据弧长公式:计算即可.此题主要考查了扇形的弧长计算公式,正确的代入数据并进行正确的计算是解题的关键.15.【答案】【解析】解:设飞行的高度单位:与足球飞行的时间单位:之间的二次函数关系为,将,代入得:,解得,,在中,令得,解得或,足球从踢出到落地所需的时间是,故答案为:设飞行的高度单位:与足球飞行的时间单位:之间的二次函数关系为,用待定系数法求出,令即可解得答案.本题考查二次函数的应用,解题的关键是读懂题意,求出二次函数的函数关系式.16.【答案】【解析】解:如图所示:为的内心,,,,,,,解得:故答案为:根据三角形内心定义进行角的和差计算即可.本题考查了圆周角定理、三角形的内心、三角形外心,熟练掌握圆周角定理是解题的关键.17.【答案】解:,,;;,,【解析】本题主要考查了解一元二次方程的解法.要会熟练运用公式法求得一元二次方程的解.此法适用于任何一元二次方程.公式法的步骤:①化方程为一般形式;②找出a,b,c;③求;④代入公式18.【答案】证明:四边形ABCD是平行四边形,,,四边形AECF是平行四边形一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形,四边形AECF是中心对称图形.【解析】由平行四边形的性质得出,根据“一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形”推出四边形AECF是平行四边形,即可得出结论.本题考查了平行四边形的判定与性质,熟练掌握平行四边形的判定与性质是解题的关键.19.【答案】解:方程是一元二次方程,,一元二次方程有两个不相等的实数,,解得,的取值范围是且【解析】根据根的判别式建立关于a的不等式,注意a的数值不能为0,由此两者结合得出答案即可.本题考查了根的判别式,一元二次方程根的情况与判别式的关系:方程有两个不相等的实数根;方程有两个相等的实数根;方程没有实数根.20.【答案】解:绕点A旋转得到,,,,,∽【解析】由旋转的性质可得,,,即可得结论.本题考查了相似三角形的判定,掌握旋转的性质是解题的关键.21.【答案】【解析】解:参与此次抽样调查的学生人数是:人,A类的人数有:人,扇形统计图中A部分圆心角的度数是:;故答案为:40;将1班,2班,3班,4班分别记为1,2,3,4,根据题意,列表如下:12341234如表,所有可能发生的结果共有12种,并且它们发生的可能性相等,其中恰好选中2班和3班的有2种,恰好选中2班和3班的概率是根据C部分的人数和所占的百分比,求出调查的总人数,再用乘以A部分的人数所占的百分比,即可得出扇形统计图中A部分圆心角的度数;根据题意画出树状图,得出所有等可能的情况数,找出恰好选中2班和3班的情况数,然后根据概率公式即可得出答案.此题考查的是用列表法或树状图法求概率.列表法可以不重复不遗漏的列出所有可能的结果,适合于两步完成的事件;树状图法适合两步或两步以上完成的事件.用到的知识点为:概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比.22.【答案】解:如下图:PQ即为所求;证明:连接OQ,与相切于点,,设,则是OP的中点,,,,,,,,点M在上.【解析】根据直角三角形的判定方法画图;根据到直线的距离等于半径的的点在圆上.本题考查了复杂作图,掌握圆的切线的判定定理是解题的关键.23.【答案】解:如图所示:根据题意,得,,,;设直线BC的解析式为,将,代入,得解得直线BC的解析式为,设,四边形MNPQ是矩形,轴,,,,开口向下,且对称轴为直线,,当时,最大,最大值为13,所截取的矩形材料MNPQ面积的最大值为【解析】由题意可知得,,,;先求出直线BC的解析式,设,根据题意用关于m的二次函数表示出矩形POMN 的面积,再利用二次函数的性质可得答案.本题考查了动点函数的图象,反比例函数以及二次函数的性质,待定系数法求函数解析式等知识,表示出矩形的面积,利用二次函数的性质求最值是解题的关键.24.【答案】①证明:是等边三角形,,,,,,,,,在中,,,;②解:过点H作,交AG于点M,,,是CH的中点,,≌,,,,,,,∽,,,是等边三角形,,,,的长为;解:过点H作,交AG于点N,,,是CH的中点,,≌,,,,,是的中位线,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,∽,,,解得:或舍去,的面积,的面积为【解析】①利用等边三角形的性质可得,,再利用等腰三角形的三线合一性质可得,从而可得,然后在中,利用含30度角的直角三角形的性质可得,从而利用等量代换即可解答;②过点H作,交AG于点M,利用平行线的性质可得,,再根据线段中点的定义可得,从而可得≌,进而可得,然后证明A字模型相似三角形∽,从而利用相似三角形的性质可得,进而可得,最后根据等腰三角形的三线合一性质可得,从而进行计算即可解答;过点H作,交AG于点N,利用平行线的性质可得,,再根据线段中点的定义可得,从而可得≌,进而可得,然后利用平行线分线段成比例的推论可得,从而可得HN是的中位线,进而可得,再根据等量代换可得,最后求出,,再证明∽,从而利用相似三角形的性质可求出AD的长,进而利用三角形的面积公式,进行计算即可解答.本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质,相似三角形的判定与性质,等边三角形的性质,根据题目的已知条件并结合图形添加适当的辅助线是解题的关键.25.【答案】解:由题意得,,,;,,,,,,,舍去,,;存在,使得总成立,理由如下:设,,,当时,,设直线CD的解析式为,,,,当时,,,当时,,,,,【解析】可推出,,,进一步得出结果;可得出点,从而得出,结合,从而得出结果;先由逆向探讨出点M的坐标,再反过来得出在该条件下,总成立.设点C和点D的坐标,从而得出CD的函数关系式和中点E的坐标,从而得出点F的坐标,进而表示出EF和CD的长,计算出等于本题是二次函数的综合题,考查了求二次函数的解析式,求一次函数的解析式等知识,解决问题的关键是设点的坐标,表示出有关线段的长.。
福州市第一学期九年级期末质量检测语文考试卷初三语文考试卷与考试题
福州市第一学期九年级期末质量检测语文考试卷初三语文考试卷与考试题姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________【题目】一、积累运用(40分) 给加点字注音,根据拼音写汉字。
A.诘()难B.咬文嚼()宇C.chī()笑D.kè()尽职守参考答案:A.jiéB.jiáoC.嗤D.恪(本题4分)【题目】阅读下面一段文字,完成(l)——(2)题。
2013年12月14 日晚间,“嫦娥”携带着“玉兔”,安全平稳着陆月面。
古往今来,给无数中国人带来美好情思遐想的广寒宫今夜不再清虚 (娴静 孤僻 寂寥)。
中国人千百年来期盼登月的梦想,终于由“嫦娥”变成现实。
此刻,中国航天人不会忘记,他们迈出的每一步,无论是外部环境还是自身科研能力的修炼,也是在突破层层阻力的背景下换来的。
(1)从括号中选择恰当的词语填在横线上。
(2分)答:(2)文中画线句子有语病,请写出修改意见。
(2分)答:参考答案:1)寂寥(2)“无论……,也……”。
改为“无论……,都……。
”(关联词搭配不当)(本题4分)【题目】下面句中加点词语的解释,完全正确的一项是( )。
”b”:”卒中往往语(常常)王侯将相宁有种乎(难道),将军宜枉驾顾之(屈尊)是以先帝简拔以遗陛下(给予),胡不见我于王(为什么)所识穷乏者得我与(得到),搜于国中三日三夜(国家)子非鱼,安知鱼之乐(怎么)参考答案:2(本题3分)【题目】默写。
(1)过尽千帆皆不是, 。
肠断白频洲。
(2) ,西北望,射天狼。
(3) ,载不动许多愁。
(4)万钟则不辩礼义而受之, !(5)陛下亦宜自谋,以 , 。
(6)无意苦争春,一任群芳妒。
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(7)辛弃疾在《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》中以“ , 。
”表达了他收复河山、建功立业的理想。
(8) 王维《使至塞上》中“大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆”的名句,使我们联想到范仲淹《渔家傲·秋思》中描写边城冷落荒凉景色的句子:“ ,。
2021-2022学年福建省福州市九年级(上)期末数学试卷(附答案详解)
2021-2022学年福建省福州市九年级(上)期末数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共40.0分)1.下列图形是中心对称图形的是()A. B. C. D.2.在下列事件中,必然事件是()A. 购买一张体育彩票,中奖B. 随意翻到一本书的某页,这页的页码是奇数C. 射击运动员射击一次,命中靶心D. 任意画一个圆的内接四边形,其对角互补3.关于x的一元二次方程x2+2021x+2022=0的根的情况是()A. 没有实数根B. 只有一个实数根C. 有两个相等的实数根D. 有两个不相等的实数根4.已知正多边形的半径与边长相等,那么正多边形的边数是()A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 85.二次函数y=x(x+2)图象的对称轴是()A. x=−1B. x=−2C. x=2D. y轴6.为创建文明城市,某区2020年投入绿化资金800万元,2022年计划投入960万元,设每年投入资金的平均增长率为x,则下列符合题意的方程是()A. 800(1+2x)=960B. 800(1+x)=960C. 800(1+x)2=960D. 800+800(1+x)+800(1+x)2=9607.下列说法正确的是()A. 有一个角等于100°的两个等腰三角形相似B. 两个矩形一定相似C. 有一个角等于45°的两个等腰三角形相似D. 相似三角形一定不是全等三角形8.已知点A(a,y1),B(a+1,y2)在反比例函数y=a2+1x(a是常数)的图象上,且y1<y2,则a的取值范围是()A. a<0B. a>0C. 0<a<1D. −1<a<09.如图,△ABC内接于⊙O,∠ABC=90°,D是ACB⏜的中点,连接CD,BD交AC于点E,若∠ACD=55°,则∠AED的度数是()A. 80°B. 75°C. 67.5°D. 60°10.已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象过点A(2,n),当x>0时,y≥n,当x≤0时,y≥n+1,则a的值是()A. −1B. −14C. 14D. 1二、填空题(本大题共6小题,共24.0分)11.如果两个相似三角形的周长比为2:3,那么这两个相似三角形的面积比为______.12.一个质地均匀的小正方体,6个面分别标有数字1、2、2、3、5、5.若随机投掷一次小正方体,则朝上一面的数字是5的概率为______.13.若m是方程2x2−3x−3=0的一个根,则4m2−6m+2015的值为______.14.用半径为4,圆心角为90°的扇形纸片围成一个圆锥的侧面,则这个圆锥的底面圆半径为______.15.如图,在Rt△AOB中,O为坐标原点,∠AOB=90°,∠BAO=60°,若点A在反比例函数y=−2x的图象上运动,则点B所在的函数解析式为______.16.如图,D是等边三角形ABC内一点,∠ADB=90°,将△ABD绕点A旋转得到△ACE,延长BD交CE于点G,连接ED并延长交BC于点F.则下列结论:①△ADE是等边三角形;②四边形ADGE是轴对称图形;③AC,EF互相平分;④BF=CF.其中正确的有______.(填序号)三、计算题(本大题共1小题,共8.0分)17.解方程:x2+6x−1=0.四、解答题(本大题共8小题,共78.0分)18.如图,在△ABC中,点D、E、F分别在AB、BC、AC边上,DE//AC,∠DEF=∠A.求证:△BDE∽△EFC.19.如图,已知反比例函数y=k图象的一支经过点A(2,3)和点B(点B在点A的右侧),作xBC⊥y轴,垂足为C,连接AC,AB.(1)求反比例函数的解析式;(2)若△ABC的面积为7,求B点的坐标.20.交通拥堵是城市发展中的顽疾.某市从A地到火车站共有两条道路L1和L2,现准备对其中耗时多的一条道路进行拓宽改造,为此市交通局对从A地到火车站的行驶时间进行调查.现随机抽取驾车从A地到火车站的100人进行调查,调查结果如下:行驶时间(10~2020~3030~4040~5050~60分钟)驾行L1的人51420183数驾行L2的人1416181数(1)抽取行驶时间在50~60分钟到达火车站的人进行座谈,从这4人中随机抽取2人现场填写问卷,请用列表或画树状图法求这2人是选择不同道路到火车站的概率;(2)以A地到达火车站所用时间的平均值作为决策依据,试通过计算说明,从A地到火车站应选择哪条道路进行拓宽改造?21.如图,PA,PB是圆的切线,A,B为切点.(1)求作:这个圆的圆心O(用尺规作图,保留作图痕迹,不写作法和证明);(2)在(1)的条件下,延长AO交射线PB于C点,若AC=4,PA=3,请补全图形,并求⊙O的半径.22.为预防新冠病毒,口罩成了生活必需品,某药店销售一种口罩,每包进价为6元,日均销售量y(包)与每包售价x(元)满足y=−5x+80,且10≤x≤16.(1)每包售价定为多少元时,药店的日均利润最大?最大为多少元?(2)当进价提高了a元,且每包售价为13元时,日均利润达到最大,求a的值.23.如图,将矩形ABCD绕点A顺时针旋转,使点E落在BD上,得到矩形AEFG,EF与AD相交于点H,连接AF.(1)求证:BD//AF;(2)若AB=1,BC=2,求AH的长.24.如图,△ABC内接于⊙O,弦BD⊥AC,垂足为E,点D,点F关于AC对称,连接AF并延长交⊙O于点G.(1)连接OB,求证:∠ABD=∠OBC;(2)求证:点F,点G关于BC对称;(3)若BF=OB=2,求△ABC面积的最大值.x2.25.已知直线y1=kx+1(k>0)与抛物线y2=14(1)当−4≤x≤3时,函数y1与y2的最大值相等,求k的值;x2交于A,B两点,与y轴交于F点,点(2)如图①,直线y1=kx+1与抛物线y2=14C与点F关于原点对称,求证:S△ACF:S△BCF=AC:BC;x2先向上平移1个单位,再沿直线y1=kx+1的方向移动,使向(3)将抛物线y2=14右平行移动的距离为t个单位,如图②所示,直线y1=kx+1分别交x轴,y轴于E,F两点,交新抛物线于M,N两点,D是新抛物线与y轴的交点,当△OEF∽△DNF时,试探究t与k的关系.答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】解:A.不是中心对称图形,故本选项不符合题意;B.是中心对称图形,故本选项符合题意;C.不是中心对称图形,故本选项不符合题意;D.不是中心对称图形,故本选项不符合题意.故选:B.根据中心对称图形的定义进行判断,即可得出答案.本题考查了中心对称图形的概念,判断中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心,旋转180度后与原图重合.2.【答案】D【解析】解:A.购买一张体育彩票,中奖,这是随机事件,故A不符合题意;B.随意翻到一本书的某页,这页的页码是奇数,这是随机事件,故B不符合题意;C.射击运动员射击一次,命中靶心,这是随机事件,故C不符合题意;D.任意画一个圆的内接四边形,其对角互补.这是必然事件,故D符合题意;故选:D.根据随机事件,必然事件,不可能事件的特点判断即可.本题考查了随机事件,熟练掌握随机事件,必然事件,不可能事件的特点是解题的关键.3.【答案】D【解析】解:关于x的一元二次方程x2+2021x+2022=0,∵b2−4ac=20212−4×1×2022=4084441−8088=4076353>0,∴方程有两个不相等的实数根.故选:D.求出方程根的判别式的值,判断方程解的情况即可.此题考查了根的判别式,熟练掌握一元二次方程根的判别式与方程解的情况之间的关系是解本题的关键.4.【答案】C【解析】解:∵正多边形的半径与边长相等,∴正多边形的相邻的两条半径与一条边围成一个正三角形,∴正多边形的中心角为60°∵正多边形所有中心角的和为360°,∴360°÷60°=6,∴正多边形的边数为6,故选:C.根据正多边形的半径与边长相等,可知正多边形的相邻的两条半径与一条边围成一个正三角形,由此求出其中心角的度数,进而求出正多边形的边数.本题考查了正多边形的计算,解决此题的关键是正确的理解正多边形的有关概念,并组成直角三角形求有关线段的长或角的度数,体现了转化思想.5.【答案】A【解析】解:∵二次函数的解析式为:y=x(x+2),∴此抛物线与x轴的交点为(0,0),(−2,0),=−1.∴抛物线的对称轴为直线x=0−22故选:A.先根据二次函数的解析式求出函数图象与x轴的交点,再根据两交点关于对称轴对称即可得出结论.本题考查的是二次函数的性质,熟知二次函数的交点式是解答此题的关键.6.【答案】C【解析】解:每年投入资金的平均增长率为x,根据题意得,800(1+x)2=960,故选:C.根据题意得到关系式为:2020年绿化投入的资金×(1+年平均增长率)2=2022年绿化投入的资金,把相关数值代入求得合适的解即可.本题考查了一元二次方程的应用;得到2年后所需资金的关系式是解决本题的关键.7.【答案】A【解析】解:A、有一个角等于100°的两个等腰三角形相似,因为100°只能是等腰三角形的顶角,所以这两个等腰三角形相似,正确,本选项符合题意;B、两个矩形一定相似,错误,边不一定成比例,本选项不符合题意;C、有一个角等于45°的两个等腰三角形相似,错误,45°角不一定是对应角,本选项不符合题意;D、相似三角形一定不是全等三角形,相似比为1时,是全等三角形,本选项不符合题意.故选:A.根据相似图形的定义一一判断即可.本题考查相似图形,全等三角形的判定等知识,解题的关键是理解相似图形的定义,属于中考常考题型.8.【答案】D【解析】解:∵k=a2+1>0,∴反比例函数y=a2+1(a是常数)的图象在一、三象限,在每个象限,y随x的增大而减小,x①当A(a,y1),B(a+1,y2)在同一象限,∵y1<y2,∴a>a+1,此不等式无解;②当点A(a,y1)、B(a+1,y2)在不同象限,∵y1<y2,∴a<0,a+1>0,解得:−1<a<0,故选:D.根据反比例函数的性质分两种情况进行讨论,①当点A(a,y1),B(a+1,y2)在同一象限时,②当点A(a,y1),B(a+1,y2)在不同象限时.此题主要考查了反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征,分类讨论是解题的关键.9.【答案】B【解析】解:连接AD,⏜的中点,∵D是ACB∴AD⏜=BD⏜,∴AD=BD,∴∠DAB=∠ABD=55°,∴∠ADB=180°−2∠ABD=70°,∵∠ABC=90°,∴∠DBC=90°−∠ABD=35°,∴∠DAC=35°,∴∠AED=180°−∠ADE−∠DAE=180°−70°−35°=75°.故选:B.连接AD,由等腰三角形的性质求出∠DAB=∠ABD=55°,求出∠DAC=35°,由三角形内角和定理可得出答案.此题考查了圆周角定理,圆心角、弧、弦之间的关系以及等腰三角形的性质.正确作出辅助线是解题的关键.10.【答案】C【解析】解:将(2,n)代入y=ax2+bx+c得n=4a+2b+c,∵x>0时,y≥n,∴抛物线开口向上,∵x≤0时,y≥n+1,∴x=0时,y=c=n+1,把c=n+1代入n=4a+2b+c得n=4a+2b+n+1,整理得4a+2b=−1,∵x>0时,y≥n,∴抛物线顶点纵坐标为y=n,把x=−b2a 代入y=ax2+bx+n+1得y=b24a−b22a+n+1=n,∴b24a=1,即b2=4a,∴4a+2b=b2+2b=−1,解得b=−1,∴a=b24=14.故选:C.将(2,n)代入求出a,b,c与n的关系,由当x>0时,y≥n,当x≤0时,y≥n+1可得抛物线开口向上,顶点纵坐标为n,c=n+1,进而求解.本题考查二次函数的性质,解题关键是掌握二次函数与方程及不等式的关系.11.【答案】4:9【解析】解:因为两个相似三角形的周长比为2:3,所以这两个相似三角形的相似比为2:3,所以这两个相似三角形的面积比为4:9;故答案为:4:9.根据相似三角形周长的比等于相似比,相似三角形面积的比等于相似比的平方解答.本题考查的是相似三角形的性质,相似三角形周长的比等于相似比;相似三角形面积的比等于相似比的平方.12.【答案】13【解析】解:∵一个质地均匀的小正方体有6个面,其中标有数字5的有2个,∴随机投掷一次小正方体,则朝上一面的数字是5的概率=26=13.故答案为:1.3先求出5的总数,再根据概率公式即可得出结论.本题考查的是概率公式,熟知随机事件A的概率P(A)=事件A可能出现的结果数与所有可能出现的结果数的商是解答此题的关键.13.【答案】2021【解析】解:∵m是方程2x2−3x−3=0的一个根,∴2m2−3m−3=0,即2m2−3m=3,∴4m2−6m+2015=2(2m2−3m)+2015=2×3+2015=2021.故答案为:2021.先根据一元二次方程解得定义得到2m2−3m=3,再把4m2−6m+2015变形为2(2m2−3m)+2015,然后利用整体代入的方法计算.本题考查了一元二次方程的解:能使一元二次方程左右两边相等的未知数的值是一元二次方程的解.14.【答案】1【解析】解:设这个圆锥的底面圆半径为r,,根据题意得2πr=90⋅π⋅4180解得r=1,所以这个圆锥的底面圆半径为1.故答案为1.设这个圆锥的底面圆半径为r,利用弧长公式得到2πr=90⋅π⋅4,然后解关于r的方程即可.180本题考查了圆锥的计算:圆锥的侧面展开图为一扇形,这个扇形的弧长等于圆锥底面的周长,扇形的半径等于圆锥的母线长.15.【答案】y=6x【解析】解:分别过A、B作AC⊥y轴于C,BD⊥y轴于D.设A(a,b).∵点A在反比例函数y=−2的图象上,x∴ab=2.在△OAC与△BOD中,∠AOC=90°−∠BOD=∠OBD,∠OCA=∠BDO=90°,∴△OAC∽△BOD,∴OC:BD=AC:OD=OA:OB,在Rt△AOB中,∠AOB=90°,∠BAO=60°,∴∠ABO=30°,∴OA:OB=1:√3,∴b:BD=a:OD=1:√3,∴BD=√3b,OD=√3a,∴BD⋅OD=3ab=6,又∵点B在第一象限,∴k=6.∴点B所在的函数解析式为y=6,x.故答案为:y=6x如图分别过A、B作AC⊥y轴于C,BD⊥y轴于D.设A(a,b),则ab=1.根据两角对应相等的两三角形相似,得出△OAC∽△BOD,由相似三角形的对应边成比例,则BD、OD都可用含a、b的代数式表示,从而求出BD⋅OD的积,进而得出结果.本题考查了反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征,待定系数法求函数的解析式,相似三角形的判定和性质,正确的作出辅助线构造相似三角形是解题的关键.16.【答案】①②④【解析】解:∵△ABD绕点A旋转得到△ACE,∴AD=AE,∠BAD=∠CAE,∠ADB=∠AEC=90°,∴∠BAD+∠DAC=∠CAE+∠DAC,即∠BAC=∠DAE=60°,∴△ADE是等边三角形,故结论①正确;如图,连接AG,∵△ADE是等边三角形,∴AD=AE,∵∠ADG=∠AEG=90°,AG=AG,∴Rt△ADG≌Rt△AEG(HL),∴GD=GE,∠DAG=∠EAG,∵△ADE是等边三角形,∴直线AG垂直平分DE,∴四边形ADGE是一个轴对称图形,故结论②正确;连接AF,∵∠DAC+∠EAC=60°=∠ACB,∴∠EAC≠∠ACB,∴AE与FC一定不平行,∴四边形AFCE一定不是平行四边形,∴AC,EF一定不互相平分,故结论③错误;∵△ADE是等边三角形,∠ADG=90°,∴∠EDG=∠BDF=30°,∴∠ADF=120°,∴∠ADF+∠ABC=180°,∴A,B,F,D四点共圆,∴∠ADG=∠AFB=90°,根据三线合一,得BF=CF,故结论④正确.故答案为:①②④.根据旋转的性质得到AD=AE,∠BAD=∠CAE,得证∠DAE=60°,判断结论①正确;连接AG,利用HL判断结论②;连接AF,证明四边形AFCE一定不是平行四边形;利用四点共圆,证明∠AFB=90°,根据三线合一,得BF=CF.本题考查了旋转的性质,全等三角形的判定与性质,线段的垂直平分线的性质,四点共圆,等腰三角形的三线合一,熟练掌握旋转的性质是解题的关键.17.【答案】解:方程变形得:x2+6x=1,配方得:x2+6x+9=10,即(x+3)2=10,开方得:x+3=±√10,解得:x1=−3+√10,x2=−3−√10.【解析】方程常数项移到右边,两边加上9,利用完全平方公式变形后,开方即可求出解.此题考查了解一元二次方程−配方法,熟练掌握完全平方公式是解本题的关键.18.【答案】证明:∵DE//AC,∴∠BDE=∠A,∠DEB=∠C,∠EFC=∠DEF,∵∠DEF=∠A,∴∠BDE=∠EFC,∴△BDE∽△EFC.【解析】由平行线的性质可得∠BDE=∠A,∠DEB=∠C,∠EFC=∠DEF,可证∠BDE=∠EFC,可得结论.本题考查了相似三角形的判定,掌握相似三角形的判定方法是解题的关键.19.【答案】解:(1)由题意得,k=xy=2×3=6∴反比例函数的解析式为:y=6.x(2)设B点坐标为(a,b),如图,作AD⊥BC于D,则D(2,b),∵反比例函数y=6的图象经过点B(a,b)x∴b=6a∴AD=3−6.a∴S△ABC=12BC⋅AD=12a(3−6a)=7,解得a=203,∴b=6203=910∴B(203,910).【解析】(1)把A的坐标代入反比例函数的解析式即可求得;(2)作AD⊥BC于D,则D(2,b),即可利用a表示出AD的长,然后利用三角形的面积公式即可得到一个关于b的方程求得b的值,进而求得a的值.本题考查了待定系数法求反比例函数的解析式,反比例函数的性质,熟练掌握待定系数法求函数的解析式是解题的关键.20.【答案】解:(1)用列表法表示所有可能出现的结果如下:共有12种可能出现的结果情况,其中两人选择不同路线的有6种,所以这2人是选择不同道路到火车站的概率为612=12;(2)驾行L1的所有人用时的平均数为15×560+25×1460+35×2060+45×1860+55×360=35(分),驾行L2的所有人用时的平均数为15×140+25×440+35×1640+45×1840+55×140=38.5(分),∵35<38.5,∴从A地到火车站应选择驾行L2的道路进行拓宽改造.【解析】(1)用列表法表示从驾行L1的3人和驾行L2的1人中任意选择2人,得出所有可能出现的结果,进而求出选择不同道路到火车站的概率;(2)根据加权平均数的计算方法计算出驾行L1、驾行L2的所有人用时的平均数,比较得本题考查列表法或树状图法求简单随机事件发生的概率,列举出所有可能出现的结果情况是解决问题的关键.21.【答案】解:(1)如图,圆心O即为所求;(2)由(1)知:CA⊥PA,∴∠CAP=90°,∵AC=4,PA=3,∴PC=√AC2+PA2=5,∵PA=PB=3,∴BC=PC−PB=2,∵OC=AC−OA=4−OA=4−OB,在Rt△OBC中,根据勾股定理,得OC2=OB2+BC2,∴(4−OB)2=OB2+22,解得OB=3.2∴⊙O的半径为3.2【解析】(1)分别过切点A,B作PA和PB的垂线,交于点O即可;(2)根据勾股定理即可求出⊙O的半径.本题考查作图−复杂作图,切线的性质,等腰三角形的性质等知识,解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题,属于中考常考题型.22.【答案】解:(1)设药店的日均利润为w元,由题意得:w=(x−6)y=(x−6)(−5x+80)=−5x2+110x−480=−5(x−11)2+∵−5<0,10≤x≤16,∴当x=11时,w有最大值,最大值为125,∴每包售价定为11元时,药店的日均利润最大,最大为125元;(2)由题意得:w=(x−6−a)(−5x+80)=−5x2+(110+5a)x−480−80a,对称轴为x=−110+80a2×(−5)=11+12a,∴11+12a=13,解得:a=4.【解析】(1)设日均毛利润为w,根据日均利润=每包利润×销售量列出函数解析式,再利用二次函数的性质求解即可;(2)根据日均利润=每包利润×销售量列出函数解析式,由日均利润达到最大时每包售价应定为13元得出11+12a=13,解之即可.本题主要考查二次函数的应用,解题的关键是理解题意,从中找到题目蕴含的相等关系,并熟练掌握二次函数的性质.23.【答案】(1)证明:∵将矩形ABCD绕点A顺时针旋转,使点E落在BD上,得到矩形AEFG,∵AE=AB,∴∠AEB=∠ABE,∵∠ABD=∠EAF,∴∠AEB=∠EAF,∴AF//BD;(2)解:∵BD//AF,∴∠DEF=∠AFE,∵∠ADE=∠AFE,∴∠DEF=∠ADE,∴EH=DH,设EH=x,则DH=x,AH=2−x,∵∠HEA=90°,∴x2+12=(2−x)2,解得:x=34,∴AH=2−34=54.【解析】(1)由旋转知AE=AB,得∠AEB=∠ABE,由∠ABD=∠EAF,得∠AEB=∠EAF,从而得出结论AF//BD;(2)由平行线的性质可证EH=DH,设EH=x,则DH=x,AH=2−x,在Rt△AEH中,利用勾股定理即可列出方程解决问题.本题主要考查了矩形的性质,旋转的性质,平行线的判定与性质,勾股定理等知识,利用勾股定理列方程是解题的关键.24.【答案】(1)证明:连接OC,∵BD⊥AC,∴∠AEB=90°,∴∠EAB+∠ABE=90°,∵BC⏜=BC⏜,∴∠BOC=2∠BAC,∵OB=OC,∴∠OBC=∠OCB,∵∠OBC+∠OCB+∠BOC=180°,∴2∠OBC+2∠BAC=180°,∴∠OBC+∠BAC=90°,∴∠OBC=∠ABE,即∠OBC=∠ABD,(2)证明:连接BG,AD,GC,AG交BC于点H,∵点D,F关于AC对称,∴EF=ED,∵BD⊥AC,∴∠AEF=∠AED=90°,又∵AE=AE,∴△AEF≌△AED(SAS),∴∠EAF=∠EAD,∠AFE=∠ADE,即∠GAC=∠DAC,∵OC⏜=OC⏜,∴∠DAC=∠DBC,∵GC⏜=GC⏜,∴∠GAC=∠GBC,∴∠DBC=∠GBC,⏜∵AB⏜=AB,∴∠ADB=∠BGA,∵∠AFD=∠BFG,∴∠BFG=∠AGB,∴△BHF≌△BHG(AAS),∴FH=GH,∠BHF=∠BHG=90°,∴点F,点G关于BC对称;(3)解:连接OG,由(2)得△BHF≌△BHG,∴BF=BG,∵BF=OB=2,∴BG=OB=2,∴OB=OG=BG,∴△OBG为等边三角形,∠BOG=30°,∴∠BOG=60°,∠BAC=12第21页,共24页当AG垂直平分BC时,AH最长,此时S△ABC最大,∠BAC=60°,∴△ABC为等边三角形,作OM⊥BC,∴OM=12OB=1,BM=√22−12=√3,∴BC=2√3,∴S△ABC=12×BC×AH=12×2√3×(2+1)=3√3,∴S△ABC最大值为3√3.【解析】(1)连接OC,由∠OBC+∠OCB+∠BOC=180°,得2∠OBC+2∠BAC=180°,由圆周角定理知∠BOC=2∠BAC,从而得到∠OBC+∠BAC=90°,即可证明结论;(2)连接BG,AD,GC,AG交BC于点H,首先利用SAS证明△AEF≌△AED,得∠EAF=∠EAD,∠AFE=∠ADE,再利用AAS证明△BHF≌△BHG,得FH=GH,∠BHF=∠BHG= 90°;(3)首先可知△OBG为等边三角形,得∠BOG=60°,∠BAC=12∠BOG=30°,当AG垂直平分BC时,AH最长,此时S△ABC最大,∠BAC=60°,从而解决问题.本题是圆的综合题,主要考查了圆周角定理,轴对称的性质,全等三角形的判定与性质,等边三角形的判定与性质等知识,综合性较强,要求学生有较强的识图能力,证明△BHF≌△BHG是解题问题的关键.25.【答案】解:(1)∵抛物线y2=14x2的对称轴为y轴,又−4≤x≤3,∴当x=−4时,函数y2有最大值,y2=14x2=14×(−4)2=4.∵k>0,∴函数y1=kx+1随x的增大而增大,∴当x=3时,函数y1的最大值也是4.将x=3,y=4代入y1=kx+1,得4=3k+1.∴k=1;(2)将x=0代入y1=kx+1得y1=1,∴F(0,1),∵C点与F点关于原点对称,第22页,共24页第23页,共24页 ∴C(0,−1).依题意设A 点坐标为(m,14m 2),代入直线y 1=kx +1的解析式,得14m 2=mk +1,解得k =14m −1m . ∴y 1=(14m −1m )x +1,由{y =(14m −1m )x +1y =14x 2得mx 2−(m 2−4)x −4m =0. 又由x 1+x 2=m −4m ,x 1=m ,得x 2=−4m , ∴y 2=4m 2.∴B(−4m ,4m 2).分别过A ,B 两点作y 轴的垂线AP 与BQ ,垂足分别为P ,Q .可得AP =−m ,PC =14m 2+1+1,BQ =−4m ,QC =4m 2+1.∴APBQ=−m −4m =m 24,CP CQ =14m 2+14m 2+1=m 24, ∴AP BQ =CPCQ .又∠APC =∠BQC =90°,∴△APC∽△BQC ,∴AC BC =AP BQ ,∵S △ACF =12FC ⋅AP ,S △BCF =12FC ⋅BQ ,∴S △ACF :S △BCF =AC :BC ;(3)抛物线y 2=14x 2向上平移1个单位后为y 2=14x 2+1,再沿直线y 1=kx +1的方向,向右平移t 个单位,相当于再向上移动了kt 个单位,平移后的抛物线为y =14(x −t)2+第24页,共24页 (1+kt)……①,则点D 的坐标为(0,14t 2+kt +1),M 点的坐标为(t,1+kt).∴直线y =kx +1……②,将①②联立并整理,得x 2−2xt −4kx +t 2+4kt =0,∴x 1+x 2=2t +4k .依题意,得x 1=x M =t ,∴x 2=x N =t +4k ,则点N 的坐标为(t +4k,kt +4k 2+1).∵△OEF∽△DNF ,∴∠NDF =∠EOF =90°,∴DN ⊥y 轴,∴y D =y N ,∴14t 2+kt +1=kt +4k 2+1.解得t =4k(t =−4k 不合题意,舍去),即t 与k 的关系式为t =4k .【解析】(1)当x =−4时,函数y 2有最大值,y 2=14x 2=14×(−4)2=4.当x =3时,函数y 1的最大值也是4.将x =3,y =4代入y 1=kx +1,得4=3k +1,则可得出答案;(2)求出C(0,−1).依题意设A 点坐标为(m,14m 2),求出点B 的坐标为(−4m ,4m 2).分别过A ,B 两点作y 轴的垂线AP 与BQ ,垂足分别为P ,Q.证明△APC∽△BQC ,由相似三角形的性质得出AC BC =AP BQ ,则得出结论;(3)证明∠NDF =∠EOF =90°,得出DN ⊥y 轴,可证出y D =y N ,则14t 2+kt +1=kt +4k 2+1.整理可得出结论.本题是二次函数综合题,考查了二次函数的图象与性质,一次函数的图象与性质,待定系数法,相似三角形的判定与性质等知识点,熟练掌握相似三角形的判定与性质是解题的关键.。
福州市—学年第一学期九年级期末质量检查word
2013-2014 真题第一节单项选择。
(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)21. —Where is your mother?一She the supermarket. She’ll be back in half an hour.A. goes to B. has gone to C. hasbeen to22. —Mr. Lin. of us finishedthe work by now.—Well done, children.A. Two-three;has B. Two-third; have C. Two-third s;have 23.—How beautiful your school is!—Yes, it has changed alot I came here.A. sinceﻩB. until C. although24.—Must I answer the questionin English?—No, you. You can answer it in Chinese.A. can’tB. needn’t C. mustn’t25.—Why do you like this story?—Because it is so moving that it makesme ﻩ.A. cryﻩB. crying C. tocry26.—Mike’s going tohave a picnic thisweekend.—Yes,A. so have Iﻩ B. so am I C. so do I27.一What do you think of the traffic in our city?—It’sﻩthan it used to be, butthere’s still a long way to go.A. good B. better C. best28.—Which do you likebetter, tea or coffee?—tuB .ﻩI prefer tea.A. AllB. NeitherﻩC. Both29.ﻩ—You shouldyour teacher’s adviceif you want to improve your English.—That sounds great.A. hear B. catch C.follow30. —is the population of the U.S. A?一 I only know that it’s than China’s.A.What; lessﻩ B. What; smaller C. How much; smaller31.—Did the teacher tell you this afternoon?—Yes. We’llgo to visit the Science Museum.A. how to doﻩB. where to goﻩ C. what to do32.—How much difficultydid you have thisproblem?—s’tI .ﻩquite easy.A. solving; None B.solving;AnythingC.to solve ; Nothing33.一Do youbelievethere are aliens?—I’m afraid not. I don’t think aliens in space.A. can findB. canbe foundﻩC. can’t befound34.—Whatdid Bob ask you justnow?—He wanted to know how long nehwﻩIreached the cinema.A. the film had started B. the film will finish C.the film had been on35.—Did Mr. Brown tell youﻩ?—Ye s. H e said he w ent th ere in 2012.A. wh ere he spe nt h is vacationB. wh en he traveled to Xi amenC . how he went to Ta iw an I sla nd第二节补全对话。
福州市第一学期期末九年级质量检查数学试卷参考答案
福州市2010—2011学年第一学期期末九年级质量检查数学试卷参考答案及评分标准一、选择题1-5 ABAAB 6-10 DCBBC二、填空题:11. 直线x=7 12. 2 13. ①② 14. 1或3 15.3三、解答题()16.1:4(5 410(7 10÷==解分)分) ())(()16.2:3212224433(4(5(7a b c d====-=--=解,,,依题意得:a+c-bd=3分)分) +1-分) ()()22212171:x420x4420(3 22(52(62(72(8xxxxxx-+=-+-=-=-=∴==解分)分)分)原方程的解是分)分)()()()()()2212117.21231233123445312362743x x x x x x x x x x x x -=-∴-=±-∴-=-=-=--=-∴=解:(分)(分)(分)(分)(分)原方程的解是或228=-(分)18. (1)证明:3604ABCDEF OAB OCD OA OC OAH OCK ∴=∴∠=∠=是正六边形和是等边三角形,(分)(分)由旋转性质可得AOH COK ∠=∠…………………………………………………(5分)()AOH COK ASA ∴∆≅∆…………………………………………………………(6分)(2)由(1)得AOH COK S S ∆∆=………………………………………………………(8分)∴正六边形ABCDEF 与扇形OMN 重叠部分的面积=S 四边形ABCO =2183AOB S ∆=…(10分)19.解:(1)31. ………………………………(5分) (2)方法一:画树状图如下:…………………………(10分)所有可能出现的结果共有9种,其中满足条件的结果有5种。
所以P (所指的两数的绝对值相等)=95……………………………………………(12分) 方法二:列表格如下:1-0 1 1-(1-,1-) (1-,0) (1-,1) 0 (0,1-) (0,0) (0,1) 1(1,1-)(1,0)(1,1)…………………………………(10分)所有可能出现的结果共有9种,其中满足条件的结果有5种. 所以P (所指的两数的绝对值相等)=95……………………………………………(12分) 20.解:设这个相同的百分数是x,依题意可得:………………………………………(1分) 15+15(1+x )+15(1+x )(1-x )=47.4………………………………………………(6分) 整理得x 2-x+0.16=0……………………………………………………………………(7分) 解得:x 1=0.8=80%, x 2=0.2=20%………………………………………………………(10分) 经检验, 80%, 20%均符合题意.答:这个相同的百分数是80%或20%…………………………………………………(12分) 21. (1)证明:当t =2s 时,AD =2OA =5t=10㎝,BE =t=2㎝ ∴AD +BE =12㎝=AB ····················(1分) ∴点D 、E 重合,即点E 在⊙O 上···········(2分) 又EF ⊥AD∴⊙O 与EF 相切·························(3分) (2)解:由已知可得△AEF 是等腰Rt △, ∴ EF=AE =12t -,∴DE=DA-EA=5t-(12-t )=6t-12.第二 次第 一 次在Rt △DEF 中,由三角形面积公式可得,6-12(12)48t t -=1()2………………………(5分) 解得:124,10t t ==,………………………(6分)答:∴当t=4和10时,△DEF 的面积为48cm 2………………………………(7分)图21-(1) 图21-(2) (3)解:设DEF ∆的面积为S cm 2,①当0<t ≤2时,如图21-(1) DE =126t -,EF=AE =12t -, ∴1S=2(126)(12)t t --=23(7)75t --,…………………………………(8分) ∵二次项系数为3>0,抛物线开口向上. ∴当t<7时, S 随t 的增大而减小, 又∵0<t ≤2,∴ S<72. ………………………………………………………………………(9分) (或写成“当0<t ≤2时,不存在最大值”,也可得分) ②当2<t ≤12时,如图21-(2) DE =612t -,EF=AE =12t -, ∴1S=2(612)(12)t t --=23(7)75t --+,……………………………(10分) ∴当t =7秒时,S 有最大值为75,………(11分) ∵75>72,∴综上所述,当t =7秒时,DEF ∆面积最大,最大值为752cm .…………(12分)22. 解:(1)解法(一): 由已知可得A 点坐标为(1,0). ∵对称轴为直线4=x ,∴B 点坐标为(7,0).……………………………………………………………(1分)由⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧==++=++,37,0749,0c c b a c b a 解得⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧=-==,37,38,31c b a ∴抛物线的解析式为3738312+-=x x y .………………………………………(3分) 解法(二):由已知可得A 点坐标为(1,0). 设抛物线的解析式为k x a y +-=2)4(由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+=+,3716,09k a k a 解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧==.3,31b a ∴抛物线的解析式为3)4312--=x y (=3738312+-x x .………(3分)(2)由3)43137383122--=+-=x x x y (,可得顶点M 的坐标为(4,-3). ………………………………………………………………………………………(4分) 在Rt △OMN 中,ON =4,MN =3,由勾股定理得OM =5. …………………(5分) (图中确定P 点位置).…………………………………………………………(6分) ①当圆心在P 1点时,设⊙P 1交y 轴于Q 1点,连接P 1Q 1,过P 1点作P 1D ⊥y 轴, 则P 1C =2CD , ∵P 1C =5,P 1D =4, 在Rt △P 1CD 中, 由勾股定理得CD =3. ∴CQ 1 =2CD =6, OQ 1 =6-73=311, ∴此时Q 点坐标为(0,-311).……(8分) ②当圆心在P 2点时,设⊙P 2交y 轴于Q 2点,连接P 2Q 2, 同理可得CQ 2=6, OQ 2 =6+73=325, ∴此时Q 点坐标为(0,325).…………………………………………………(9分)(3)存在.①当P 1点在∠MON 的平分线上时,过P 1点作P 1E ⊥OM ,设⊙P 1 的半径长P 1N =1r ,则P 1E =1r ,P 1M =3-1r ,根据切线长定理ON =OE =4,∴EM =OM -OE = 5-4=1.在Rt △P 1EM 中, 由勾股定理得:132121+=-r r )(,解得341=r .………(10分) P 1点坐标为(4,43-)……………………………………………………………(11分) ②当P 2点在∠MON 邻补角的平分线上时,过P 2点作P 2F ⊥OM ,设⊙P 2的半径长P 2N =2r ,则P 2F =2r ,P 2M =3+2r ,根据切线长定理ON =OF =4, ∴FM =OM +OF = 5+4=9.在Rt △P 2F M 中, 由勾股定理得:2222293+=+r r )(,解得122=r .……………………………………(13分) P 2点坐标为(4,12)……………………………(14分)。
2023-2024学年福建省福州市时代中学九年级英语第一学期期末考试模拟试题含解析
2023-2024学年福建省福州市时代中学九年级英语第一学期期末考试模拟试题考生须知:1.全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,全部在答题纸上作答。
选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。
2.请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。
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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、The show was so that I couldn’t stop laughing.A.sad B.terrible C.funny D.serious2、— My aunt said she called you yesterday morning, but there was no answer.— Oh, we were at home. Maybe my husband with my daughter and me __________ my car in the garden.A.washed B.washing C.was washing D.were washing3、—I love my school. It always tries its best to our needs.—How lucky you are!A.satisfy B.realize C.encourage D.get4、—It's ________ to stick your chopsticks into the food while having dinner.—I'm sorry. I won't do that again.A.kind B.polite C.rude5、Each year a large number of tourists are __________ to Qinghai Lake, which is China's largest saltwater lake. A.attracted B.attended C.accepted D.achieved6、- Look, my father bought me a new iPad.- I don’t think we need too many expensive things though our parents can them.A.allow B.expectC.afford D.take7、— Did you watch the movie Amazing China?—Y es. It’s one of most popular films this year.A.a B.an C.the8、Jack is very smart . He can deal with any problem .A.easily B.slowly C.differently9、Zhang Miman is a great woman scientist is 82 years old in 2018 .A.who B.which C.what10、Problems and worries are normal in life. When we have a lot of worries, someone advises us ________ our parents about them because they have more experience.A.talking to B.to talk to C.talk toⅡ. 完形填空11、Jack is 2 English boy.He wants 3 a friend in China.His eating habits 4 healthy.He 5fruits and vegetables. 6 are his favorite vegetables.He often has fruit salad 7 dinner.He doesn't eat hamburger 8 ice﹣cream.He doesn't want to 9 fat.Next to his home is a clothes store.They sell things at very good 10 .Today Jack wants to 11 a new sweater.He 12 to the clothes store with his mother.The sweaters in all 13 are 35 each.Jack likes blue very much, 14 he takes a blue one.Do you like 15 ?Do you want to be his friend?You can e﹣mail him 16 Jack8118@1.com.2.A.a B.an C.the3.A.to have B.have C.has4.A.be B.are C.is5.A.like B.dislike C.likes6.A.Bananas B.Apples C.Carrots7.A.for B.with C.to8.A.and B.or C.but9.A.am B.is C.be10.A.stores B.prices C.dollars11.A.see B.think C.buy12.A.goes B.go C.come13.A.sizes B.names C.colors14.A.so B.and C.but15.A.he B.his C.him16.A.in B.at C.forⅢ. 语法填空12、根据短文内容及所给提示,补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。
福建省福州市鼓楼区福州屏东中学2023-2024学年英语九年级第一学期期末统考试题含解析
福建省福州市鼓楼区福州屏东中学2023-2024学年英语九年级第一学期期末统考试题请考生注意:1.请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上,请用0.5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2.答题前,认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》,按规定答题。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、— What do you think of the film Titanic 2?—, but someone thinks it's .A.Good enough; bored B.Enough good; boringC.Good enough; boring D.Enough good; bored2、Don't watch short videos on KuaiShou (快手)APP all the day, it is funny but _______ all your valuable time. Don't you know that the final exams are drawing near(临近)?A.takes after B.takes down C.takes off D.takes up3、—Excuse me, could you tell me ______?—Sorry, sir. I wasn’t there at that time.A.how did the accident happen B.how the accident happenedC.how does the accident happen D.how the accident happens4、―How was your exam the day before yesterday?―Oh, I couldn't feel . I made few mistakes in it.A.worse B.worst C.better D.best5、I love the book ______ has a _______ ending.A.which, surprising B.which, surprised C.that, surprised D.that, surprise6、Now most families have only one child _____ our country’s one-child policy.A.so B.because C.because for D.because of7、We don't know the love of our parents _______ we become parents ourselves one day.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.since8、--- Dad, i t is said that the Chang’e-4 spacecraft landed on the far side of the moon. Could you tell me __________?-- Sorry. Let’s search for the information on the Internet.A.whether it is the first spacecraft to land on the far side of the moonB.when did the amazing thing happenC.if the spacecraft has done experiments or notD.how long the spacecraft has landed on the far side of the moon9、—Has Mr. Green travelled abroad yet?—Not only Mr. and Mrs. Green but also their daughterabroad twice.A.have gone B.have been C.has gone D.has been10、—The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.—Well, he said he _____here on time.A.came B.would comeC.can be D.will beⅡ. 完形填空11、Father and sonThe other day, I was sitting in the study and working on my website, a cup of tea on the table and old songs from my computer. It was a special pleasure to have such a 1 day after weeks of hiking, snowboarding and going crazy.“Hi dad! Want some orange juice, graybeard?” Coyote yelled (叫喊) to me much louder than 2 “No, just bring me some chips!” I shouted back.One time, when I misheard what he said three times in a row, he 3 that I had become too old and started to hear worse. Since then, yelling at me has become a kind of family joke.Pushing everything to the limit was the basis of Coyote's character. On one hand, it helped him to achieve tasks he had to do on his own, and he did great, making me proud of him. On the other hand, this brought him 4 , as he did not know when to stop. At such moments, I would behave super⁃fatherly, and give him advice and warnings that he usually ignored (忽视). When he wore a green haircut, I would try to convince (说服) him to paint it black. When he got a tattoo (纹身), we had a / an 5 . All these surely drove me mad, and the big fights started. It is strange but when I was a teenager, my father would act exactly the same and it took me a long time to understand him.“Dad, let me show you something,” Coyote said as he was getting back. “Don't get too 6 , ok ay?” I sighed (叹气), because I was almost sure of what I was about to see.When he 7 his T-shirt, I saw a new tattoo: some Buddhist symbol, I guess.Coyote has been interested in Asian culture for a long time.“Control yourself, graybeard,” I said to myself, trying not to yell something like,“Why the hell would you needanother tattoo after you already made that huge first one?”The next moment I realized that my yelling would not 8 anything; the tattoo was already on Coyote's skin.And then I thou ght: “Hey, what if I get a tattoo myself?”1.A.busy B.blue C.strange D.peaceful2.A.needed B.expected C.accepted D.imagined3.A.complained B.realized C.joked D.shouted4.A.tiredness B.honors C.happiness D.troubles5.A.agreement B.argument C.decision D.discussion6.A.mad B.curious C.excited D.nervous7.A.hid B.showed C.lifted D.hung8.A.interrupt B.change C.test D.costⅢ. 语法填空12、Henry was an office 1.(work) in a big city. He worked very hard and enjoyed traveling in his holidays.He usually went to the seaside, but one year he saw 2.advertisement in a newspaper. “Enjoy country life. Spend a few weeks at West Hill Farm. Good food, Fresh air, Horse riding, Walking, Fishing, cheap and interesting.” “This 3.(sound) a good idea,” he thought. “I’ll spend a month at West Hill Farm. I think I can enjoy ho rse riding, walking and fishing. They’ll make a change from 4.(sit) by the seaside and swimming.”He wrote to the farmer. In the letter he said that he would like to spend all of July there. Then on the first day of July, he left 5.West Hill Farm.But four days later, he returned home.“What was wrong 6.West Hill Farm?” his best friend, Ed, asked him. “Didn’t you enjoy country life?” “Country life was very good,” Henry said. “But there was another problem.”“Oh. What?”“Well,” he said, “the first day I was there a sheep died, and we had roast mutton for dinner.”“What’s wrong with that?” Ed asked. “Fresh meat is the best.”“I know, but on the 7.(two) day a cow died, and we had roast beef for dinner.”“How 8.(luck) you are!”“You don’t understand,” Henry said. “On the third day a pig died and we had roast pork for dinner.”“A different meat every day,” Ed said 9.(loud), “and what are you complaining!”“Let me finish,” Henry said. “on the fourth day the farmer 10.(dead), and I didn’t dare (敢) stay for dinn er!”Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees can communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation---their young trees?Suzanne Simard, forest ecologist(生态学家) at the University of British Columbia, explains how trees are much more complex(复杂的) than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin(达尔文) thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard and her team have made a new discovery and showed just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their group work and support, passing around necessary nutrition(营养) such as nitrogen(氮) and carbon “depending on who needs it”.Nitrogen(氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks.This makes sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it influences all.Simard talks about “Mother trees”. These are usually the largest, oldest plants that on which all other trees depend. These “Mother trees” are connected to all the other trees in the forest by this network of fungi, and may manage the resources of the whole trees and plants in the forest. She explains how these trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important resources to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “Mother trees” without paying attention to these highly complex “tree societies” of the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances to save the whole forest.“We didn’t take any notice of it,” Simard says sadly. “Mother trees” move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.1.The underlined sentence “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees.A.compete for survivalB.protect their own wealthC.depend on each otherD.provide support for dying trees2.“Mother trees”are very important because they.A.look the largest in size in the forestB.pass on nutrition to young treesC.bring more wealth to humansD.know more about the “tree societies”3.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to(指代) .A.how “tree societies” workB.how trees grow oldC.how forestry industry developsD.how young trees survive4.We can learn from the passage that .A.trees aren’t as complex as we think.B.Charles Darwin had the same opinion as Simard.C.if “Mother trees” are cut down, they won’t make differen ce to young trees.D.trees can share resources with other ones by the underground fungi networks.B14、One day, a raven(渡鸦)happened to fly past a lake. Looking at the lake, he saw the most beautiful animal he had ever seen. It was a swan(天鹅)and its feathers(羽毛)were as white as snow. The swan was playing with other birds happily, talking and dancing. And it seemed that the other birds all liked to stay with____. When he looked at his own feathers, they were as black as coal. The raven was very angry with the swan. “How can the swan have such wonderful feathers?” said the raven. What should he do with his feathers? He thought it over and over.Then, the raven decided that he also wanted to have white feathers like the swan’s. From that day on, the raven began to live like the swan. He moved his home from the woods to the lake. He also started to eat water plants like the swan. He tried his best to talk and dance with the other birds. The most important was that each day, the raven would wash his feathers, hoping that they would turn white. Even he went to the nearby rivers and ponds to wash his feathers because he thought the water in the lakes was not enough for him to wash them. But no matter how hard he washed his feathers, they remained black.As he ate only water plants, he soon grew thinner and thinner. Not many days later, the raven died.1.The underlined word “ it” in Paragraph 1 refers to ___.A.the raven B.the swan C.the feather D.the water2.Why was the raven angry with the swan?A.His own feathers were as white as snow.B.The swan did not have black feathers like himC.The swan had beautiful white feathersD.The swan lived in the lake with other birds3.Where was the raven’s natural home?A.The lakes B.The ponds C.The woods D.The rivers4.Why did the raven want to live like the swan?A.He wanted to make friends with the swanB.He wanted to see the swan’s white feathersC.He wanted to eat water plantsD.He wanted to become a swan5.Why did the raven wash his feathers every day?A.He thought his feathers would turn white.B.He wanted to drive the other birds awayC.He thought his feathers were dirty.D.He wanted to keep his feathers whiteC15、Selecting a proper summer camp for your child is not an easy task. You have to consider too many factors(因素). Remember, you are sending your kid to a summer camp not just to let him enjoy himself but also to help him become confident. So you should try to select a summer camp for your kid so that after he returns from the camp, the first thing that he asks you is when you will send him again for camping. Let us see how you can pick the best summer camp for your child.Search the InternetIf you browse(浏览)the Internet, you will find a number of websites of summer camps where you can find all the detailed information about the camps. For example, how much the whole camping will cost, where the camps are, what children can do in the camps and what additional facilities (额外的设施) they can provide. Don't forget to read the comments(评论)of parents who have sent their children to those camps and pay attention to how they find those camps.______________Some camp organizers prefer advertisements in newspapers. Some of the organizers even invite famous people to their camps to communicate with kids. You should keep an eye in the summer camp advertisements in newspapers so that you could pick a suitable one for your kid.Ask for advice from your child's school teachersGo to your kid's school and ask his teachers whether they can give you names of some of the summer camps they consider to be the best.Know the interest of your childWhile searching, you will come across different types of camps. They are organized according to the nature and interest of children like a music camp, a sports camp, etc. So it is very important to know what your child is interested in before picking a summer camp.1.Which of the following can be put on the line before Paragraph 3?A.Place advertisements in newspapers.B.Visit the organizers of summer camps.C.Search for advertisements in newspapers.D.Invite famous people to talk with your kid.2.We can know that in the writer's opinion, 'A.finding a proper summer camp for children is not difficultB.the purpose of a summer camp is not only for children to have funC.what other parents think about a camp on the Internet is not believableD.children usually don't have to go again after returning from a summer camp3.According to the last paragraph, before making the final decision, parents should_______.A.consider the interest of their kidB.rethink if camping is necessaryC.know everything about the campD.know the kid's performance at schoolD16、The first Starbucks coffee shop opened in 1971 in downtown Seattle, Washington,in the United States. It was a small coffee shop that roasted its own coffee beans. The coffee shop’s business did well, and by 1981 there were three more Starbucks stores in Seattle.Things really began to change for the company in 1981. That year, Howard Schultz met the three men who ran Starbucks. Schultz worked in New York for a company that made kitchen equipment. He noticed that Starbucks ordered a large number of special coffee makers, and he was curious about the company. Schultz went to Seattle to see what Starbucks did, and he liked what he saw. He wanted to become part of the company. In 1982, the original(原先的)Starbucks owners hired Schu ltz as the company’s head of marketing.In 1983, Schultz travelled to Italy. The unique atmosphere of the coffee bars there caught his eye. To Schultz, it seemedthat Italians spent their daily lives in three places; home, work, and coffee bars. His experience in Italy gave Schultz a new idea for Starbucks back in Seattle.Schultz created an atmosphere for Starbucks coffee shops that was comfortable, and customers everywhere seemed to like it. Between 1987 and 1992, Starbucks opened 150 new stores—and that was only the beginning. In fact, by the year 2000, three new Starbucks stores opened somewhere around the world every day!Today, Starbucks has thousands of stores, including stores in twenty-six countries. One thing that helps make Starbucks succeed in cities outside the United States is the way Starbucks works with local stores and restaurants. By working together with a store already in the city, Starbucks gets an understanding of customers in the city. This understanding helps Starbucks open stores in the right locations for their customers.1.What is the main idea of this passage?A.How Starbucks has grown B.What Starbucks makesC.Starbucks’ customers D.How Starbucks makes its coffee2.Which is true about Starbucks’ first ten years of business?A.It grew very quickly B.It was a small companyC.It made special coffee makers D.It was run by Howard Schultz3.About how many new Starbucks opened in 1999?A.3 B.150 C.300 D.more than 10004.What helps Starbucks succeed in places outside the United States?A.Opening restaurants in just a few locations each yearB.Only selling locally produced coffee beansC.working with other major coffee-making companiesD.Learning about local customersE17、More and more people believe that technologies are great for learning. Today, such teaching tools as iPads are used in a lot of courses, including language, history and science.Many teachers are supporters of using iPads in language learning. They say that students now have much more time for discussion in the classroom. Instead of spending valuable class time listening to texts or watching teaching videos, students can do this on their own and come to class prepared for discussion.The teachers also say that iPads allow students to learn at their own pace. Some students might listen to a dialogue only once and understand it, so they can save time for doing other things. Other students, however, might need to listen to the same dialogue again and again to understand it. Using iPads is especially helpful to students who are learning alanguage at different paces.The students who are using the new tool in some courses are also happy. They believe that using iPads is a more enjoyable way to learn (such as listening to stories and watching movies). The class has become much more interesting and creative.There are other advantages for students. By using iPads, they can pay more attention to the material and learn more. Teaching notes are stored in their iPads and are easy to find. Some students spend more time studying now. “I can listen to my language material or watch teaching videos on the bus, instead of having to wait until I get home,” a student explained.Many adults complain that technologies such as iPads are doing harm to students. They worry that students might use iPads to download teaching notes and use them to cheat during exams. Some believe that iPads may separate students from each other. If a student spends more time watching videos on an iPad, he will have fewer opportunities to have face-to-face communication with others.However, technologies are already a part of most students’ day-to-day lives. As for cheating, teachers can ask students to hand in their iPads when they take exams. Education needs to make changes with the times as technology is playing an important part. We should look forward to a wonderful future when iPads and other technologies can add a lot to the classroom.1.What does the express0ion “at their own pace” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.According to their own timetable. B.Without their teachers’ help.C.Because of their wonderful goals. D.Against their parents’ hope.2.From the passage we can learn that____.A.students with iPads have less discussion in classB.students get more fun from learning with iPadsC.iPads help students save time waiting for busesD.iPads prevent students from cheating in exams3.The writer probably agrees that____.A.teachers can take control of students’ learningB.exam results depend a lot on new technologyC.technology in education has a bright futureD.note-taking is as helpful as video-watching4.Which magazine does the passage probably come from?A.National Geography B.Popular ScienceC.Outdoor Photography D.Entertainment Weekly5.What's the best title of this passage?A.New technology changes learning B.The wonderful future of iPadsC.A more enjoyable way to learn D.How to use iPads properlyF18、Our school’s science festival just ended a few days ago. What interested me most was the time we spent making a car. It was made out of corrugated cardboard (瓦楞纸板), but could still hold a person, as well as move.We were excited about this idea, but we found it hard to make the car. It seemed impossible for a cardboard car to carry someone. Our physics teacher showed us a video. There was some corrugated board shaped like “A” or “W” in the video, it could hold more weight. This gave us the idea to make the car after getting the proper materials (材料).Because there was not much time left for us, we had to finish it as quickly as possible, We talked about how the car should be made and how to test it. I was glad that we were able to work closely with each other. Everyone saw the work as an interesting way to relax. When the car was finally finished, we J all wore a smile on our faces and found that all our work had been worth it, even after spending whole afternoons Working on it.We joined the competition after we finished the car. Though we didn’t win any prizes, we found I something more meaningful than success, we learned new things about physics and learned how to get along with each other.1.The car was made out of ________.A.thick stone B.special glassC.strong wood D.corrugated cardboard2.The writer’s ________ teacher showed them a video to help them make the car.A.maths B.history C.physics D.English3.The writer was glad that they were able to ________.A.win the prizes successfully B.work closely with each otherC.joined the competition together D.find an interesting way to relax4.Which of the following sentences is TRUE?A.The car they made could hold a person and move.B.It was not very hard for them to make the car.C.They spent much money getting proper materials.D.There was enough time for them to make the car.Ⅴ.书面表达19、书面表达假定你是李华,最近你们班就低碳生活方式进行了讨论,你的英国朋友Peppa向你来信询问讨论情况。
2023-2024学年第一学期九年级物理期末考试试题word版(带答案)
2023-2024学年第一学期期末质量检测九年级物理试题(时间:60分钟分值:100分)一、单选题(本大题共13小题,共39分)1.通常情况下,如图中的学习物品属于导体的是( )A. 橡皮B. 练习纸C. 塑料直尺D. 石墨铅笔芯2.关于电压、电流、电阻的描述,下列说法中正确的是( )A. 电路两端只要有电压,电路中就一定有电流B. 导体中的电流都是由自由电子定向移动形成的C. 导体中自由电子定向移动的方向与电流方向相反D. 若通过导体的电流很大,则说明该导体的电阻很小3.下列现象中,能说明分子在不停地做无规则运动的是( )A. 公路上大雾弥漫B. 空气中柳絮飘扬C. 厨房里香气四溢D. 工地上尘土飞扬4.如图所示的家用电器中,利用电流热效应工作的是( )A. 电风扇B. 电热水壶C. 电冰箱D. 电视机5.关于条形磁铁,下列描述不正确的是( )A. 条形磁铁的周围存在磁场B. 条形磁铁的两端磁性最弱C. 条形磁铁可以吸引含有金属镍制造的硬币D. 条形磁铁可以使原本无磁性的铁钉具有磁性6.在如图所示的各种行为中,符合用电安全要求的是( )A. 远离高压带电体B. 在同一个接线板上同时共用多个用电器C. 在电线上晾衣服D. 用湿毛巾擦拭正在发光的电灯7.光敏电阻的阻值随光照强度的增大而减小。
将光敏电阻R、定值电阻R0、电流表、电压表、开关和电压恒定的电源连接成如图所示的电路。
闭合开关,逐渐增大光敏电阻的光照强度,下列说法正确的是( )A. 电压表示数变小B. 电流表示数变小C. 电路总电阻变大D. R0消耗的功率变小8.关于内能、热量和温度,下列说法正确的是( )A. 物体温度升高,内能一定增大B. 物体内能增大,温度一定升高C. 热量一定是从内能大的物体传向内能小的物体D. 物体温度越高,含有的热量越多9.如图所示是某科技小组设计的一种温度自动控制报警装置电路图,关于它的说法正确的是( )A. 当温度低于90℃时,报警装置就会响铃,同时绿灯亮B. 当温度低于90℃时,报警装置就会响铃,同时红灯亮C. 当温度达到90℃时,报警装置就会响铃,同时红灯亮D. 当温度达到90℃时,报警装置就会响铃,同时绿灯亮10.下图现象中形成过程要吸热的是( )A. 厚厚的冰块B. 晶莹的露珠C. 滚烫的“烛泪”D. 缥缈的雾11.如图所示描述的物理过程,下列分析正确的是( )A. 图甲:试管内的水蒸气推动塞子冲出时,水蒸气的内能增加B. 图乙:小朋友从滑梯上下滑过程,通过热传递增加了内能C. 图丙:厚玻璃筒内的空气被压缩时,空气的温度升高,内能不变D. 图丁:汽缸内的气体推动活塞向下运动,内能转化为机械能12.甲、乙两只电热杯及其铭牌如图所示,若它们的电阻不随温度的变化而改变,则下列说法中正确的是( )A. 甲的电阻小于乙的电阻B. 两电热杯均正常工作时,相同时间内消耗的电能一样多C. 若将乙接在电压为110V的电路中,它的实际功率为500WD. 若将两电热杯串联后接在电压为220V的电路中,相同时间内甲消耗的电能较多13.考试时监考人员用手持式金属探测器对考生进行检查(如图所示),当靠近金属物体时,在金属导体中就会产生感应电流,探测器发出警报。
福州市 第一学期九年级期末质量检查语文试卷参考答案及评分标准
福州市第一学期九年级期末质量检查语文试卷参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷(每题3分共15分)l.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B第Ⅱ卷(135分)一、积累与运用(26分)6.(每空1分,出现错别字本空不得分,共12分。
)(1)长烟落日孤城闭(2)会挽雕弓如满月(3)日高人渴漫思茶(4)千古兴亡多少事不尽长江滚滚流(5)困于心衡于虑而后作,征于色发于声而后喻。
(6)过尽千帆皆不是,斜晖脉脉水悠悠。
(7)足蒸暑土气,背灼炎天光。
(8)舍生而取义者也7. 本题为开放性试题,观点上赞成或不赞成都可以。
表达上要阐明赞成或不赞成的理由,要言之成理。
根据表达能力的高低酌情给分,辞不达意或语病较严重的应在3分以下。
示例一:我赞成“孩子在家做家务,应该向长辈收取报酬”的观点。
现在是商品经济时代,办事都要讲经济效益,这符合"按劳取酬'的原则。
采用物质吸引的办法,既能提高孩子的劳动积极性,又能培养他(她)勤俭节约的正确财富观和多劳多得的劳动观念,可谓一举多得。
当孩子需要花钱时,他可以自豪地说:这些钱都是我自己劳动挣来的。
示例二:我不赞成“孩子在家做家务,应该向长辈收取报酬” 的观点。
孩子也是家庭的一员,在家庭中也有其应有的权利与义务。
做家务是每个家庭成员应尽的职责,孩子也不例外。
家长做家务,家长也付出劳动了,而且是为孩子服务的,为什么孩子就不用给家长付报酬呢?父母照顾子女,子女帮助父母,本来就都是符合伦理道德的,两者没有经济关系。
8. (1) 鲁提辖拳打镇关西(鲁智深大闹野猪林)(2分)粗鲁莽撞(粗鲁豪放)(1分)(2)例一:简爱从小父母双亡,寄居在舅舅家,饱受虐待和欺凌,面对苛刻的舅母与跋扈的表兄妹,她不肯屈服、勇于反抗。
例二:简爱被送到伍德寄宿学校后,由于学校资助人的吝啬,简爱经历了长达8年的困苦生活和好朋友死于疾病的痛苦,但她没有被压垮,努力学习上进,终于成长为一名教师。
例三:简爱与罗切斯特从相识、相知到相爱,一直是平等自由的,在他们结婚之时,得知罗切斯特的疯妻还活在人间,为了人格和尊严,简爱强忍悲痛,毅然离开了桑菲尔德庄园。
福建省福州市九年级上期末质检数学试题及答案
福州市—第一学期九年级期末质量检测数学试卷参考答案及评分标准一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分)1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.D 二、填空题(每小题4分,共20分):11.x ≥1 12. 1 6 13.1 14.100 15.7; 214(正确一个得2分)三、解答题:(满分90分)16.(每小题7分,共14分)解:(1) 8×12×18÷27=22×23×32÷3 3 ……………………………………………………………4分 =8. ……………………………………………………………………………………7分(2) 9x +6x 4-2x 1 x=3x +3x -2x ……………………………………………………………………6分 =4x . …………………………………………………………………………………7分17.解:(1) △A 1B 1C 1如右下图; ………………………………………………………………3分(2) A 1(1,3),B 1(1,0),C 1(3,0); …………………………………………………6分 (3) 由抛物线y =ax 2+bx +c 经过点C 、B 1、C 1,可得:⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧c =3a +b +c =09a +3b +c =0, ………………………………………………………………9分 解得:⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a =1b =-4c =3, …………………………………10分∴抛物线的解析式为:y =x 2-4x +3. ……………11分 (答案用一般式或顶点式表示,否则扣2分) x … 0 1 2 3 4 … y =x 2-4x +3…30 -1 03…二次函数y =x 2-4x +3的图像如右图.18.解:(1) 列树状图如下:………………3分由树状图可知:所有可能出现的结果共12种情况,并且每种情况出现的可能性相等.其中x 与y 的积为偶数有6种. …………………………………………………………………………………4分∴小明获胜的概率P (x 与y 的积为偶数)=6 12 = 12. ………………………………6分(2) 列树状图如下: ……………9分AB C O xyA 1B 1C 1y =x 2-4x +31 2 3 5 1235 1235 1235 小明 小强小明 小强1 2 3 5 1235 12 35 12 35 12 35由树状图可知,所有可能出现的结果共16种情况,并且每种情况出现的可能性相等.其中x 与y 的积为偶数有7种. ……………………………………………………………………………10分∴小明获胜的概率P (x 与y 的积为偶数)=7 16 < 12, ……………………………11分(或证明7 16 ≠916也可)∴游戏规则不公平. ……………………………………………………………………12分 19.解:(1) 设这两年该县旅游纯收入的年平均增长率为x .根据题意得: ………………1分2000(1+x )2=2880. …………………………………………………………4分 解得:x 1=0.2=20%,x 2=-2.2 (不合题意,舍去). ………………………6分 答:这两年该县旅游纯收入的年平均增长率为20%. ………………………7分(2) 如果到2015年仍保持相同的年平均增长率,则2015年该县旅游纯收入为 2880(1+0.2)2=4147.2(万元). ………………………9分 答:预测2015年该县旅游纯收入约4147.2万元. ………………………10分 20.解:(1) 连接OC . …………………………………………1分∵AB 是⊙O 的直径,∴∠ACB =90°,即∠ACO +∠OCB =90°. ………2分 ∵OA =OC ,∴∠A =∠ACO , ………………………………3分 ∵∠A =∠PCB ,∴∠ACO =∠PCB . ………………………………4分 ∴∠PCB +∠OCB =∠ACO +∠OCB =90°,即∠PCO =90°. ∴PC ⊥OC . ………………………………5分 又∵OC 为⊙O 的半径,∴PC 是⊙O 的切线. ………………………………6分(2) ∵AC =PC ,∴∠A =∠P , ………………………………………7分 ∴∠PCB =∠A =∠P .∴BC =BP =1. ………………………………………8分 ∴∠CBO =∠P +∠PCB =2∠PCB . 又∵∠COB =2∠A =2∠PCB ,∴∠COB =∠CBO , …………………………………9分 ∴BC =OC . 又∵OB =OC ,∴OB =OC =BC =1,即△OBC 为等边三角形. ……10分 ∴∠COB =60°. ………………………………11分∴l ⌒BC = 1×60π 180= 13π. ……………………………12分 21.解:(1) DC +CE =2; …………………………………3分 (2) 结论成立.连接PC ,如图. …………………………4分 ∵△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,P 是AB 的中点,∴CP =PB ,CP ⊥AB ,∠ACP = 12∠ACB =45°.A B COP ADP∴∠ACP=∠B=45°,∠CPB=90°.…………………5分∴∠BPE=90°-∠CPE.又∵∠DPC=90°-∠CPE,∴∠DPC=∠EPB.………………………………6分∴△PCD≌△PBE.∴DC=EB,…………………………………………7分∴DC+CE=EB+CE=BC=2.……………………8分(3) △CMN的周长为定值,且周长为2.…………9分在EB上截取EF=DM,如图,…………………10分由(2)可知:PD=PE,∠PDC=∠PEB,∴△PDM≌△PEF,………………………………11分∴∠DPM=∠EPF,PM=PF.∵∠NPF=∠NPE+∠EPF=∠NPE+∠DPM=∠DPE-∠MPN=45°=∠NPM.∴△PMN≌△PFN,∴MN=NF.……………………………………………12分∴MC+CN+NM=MC+CN+NE+EF=MC+CE+DM=DC+CE=2.∴△CMN的周长是2.…………………………………13分22.解:(1) 令y=0,得:x2-4x+1=0,…………………1分解得:x1=2+3,x2=2-3.…………………3分∴点A的坐标为(2-3,0),点B的坐标为(2+3,0).…4分∴AB的长为23.………………………………5分(由韦达定理求出AB也可)(2) 由已知得点C的坐标为(0,1),由y=x2-4x+1=(x―2)2―3,可知抛物线的对称轴为直线x=2,……………………6分设△ABC的外接圆圆心D的坐标为(2,n),连接AD、CD,∴DC=DA,即22+(n-1)2=[2―(2―3)]2+n2,……………8分解得:n=1,…………………………………………9分∴点D的坐标为(2,1),∴△ABC的外接圆⊙D半径为2.……………………10分(3) 解法一:由(2)知,C是弧MN的中点.在半径DN上截取EN=MG,……………………11分又∵DM=DN,∴DG=DE.则点G与点E关于点D对称,连接CD、CE、PD、PE.由圆的对称性可得:图形PMC的面积与图形PECN的面积相等.…………………………………………12分由PC把图形PMCN(指圆弧⌒MCN和线段PM、PN组成的图形)分成两部分,这两部分面积之差为4.可知△PCE的面积为4.设点P坐标为(m,n) ABCDEMPN FA BCO xyD∴S △CEP =2S △CDP =2×12·CD ·n -1=4, ∴n 1=3,n 2=-1. ……………………………………13分 由点P 在抛物线y =x 2-4x +1上,得:x 2-4x +1=3,解得:x 1=2+6,x 2=2-6(舍去);或x 2-4x +1=-1,解得:x 3=2+2,x 4=2-2(舍去).∴点P 的坐标为(2+2,-1)或(2+6,3). ……………14分 解法二:设点P 坐标为(m ,n ),点G 坐标为(2,c ),直线PC 的解析式为y =kx +b ,得:⎩⎨⎧b =1n =km +b ,解得:⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧k = n -1m b =1, ∴直线PC 的解析式为y = n -1m x +1. …………………11分当x =2时,c = 2(n -1)m+1.由(2)知,C 是弧MN 的中点,连接CD , 图形PCN 的面积与图形PMC 的面积差为: =S 扇形DCN +S △GCD +S △PGN -(S 扇形MCD -S △GCD +S △PMG ) =2S △GCD +S △PGN -S △PMG=2×1 2 ×2(c -1)+1 2 (1+c )(m ―2)―12 (3―c )(m ―2)=2(c -1)+12 (2c ―2)(m ―2)=(c -1)(2+m ―2) =[ 2(c -1) m +1―1]m=2(n -1)=4.∴n 1=3,n 2=-1. ……………………………………13分 由点P 在抛物线y =x 2-4x +1上,得:x 2-4x +1=3,解得:x 1=2+6,x 2=2-6(舍去);或x 2-4x +1=-1,解得:x 3=2+2,x 4=2-2(舍去).∴点P 的坐标为(2+2,-1)或(2+6,3). ……………14分ABC O xyDM PNG。
九年级上期末福州市质检考试模拟卷及答案WORD版
福州市2018-2019学年第一学期九年级期末质量检测北师大福清附校数学模拟卷(1)(满分:150分;考试时间:120分钟)★友情提示:① 所有答案都必须填在答题卡相应的位置上,答在本试卷上一律无效;② 试题未要求对结果取近似值的,不得采取近似计算.一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分.每小题只有一个正确的选项,请在答题卡...的相应位置填涂) 1.在平面直角坐标系中,点M (1,﹣2)与点N 关于原点对称,则点N 的坐标为 A .(﹣2, 1)B .(1,﹣2)C .(2,-1)D .(-1,2)2.用配方法解一元二次方程0122=-+x x ,可将方程配方为A .()212=+x B .()012=+x C .()212=-x D .()012=-x3.下列事件中,属于随机事件的有①任意画一个三角形,其内角和为360°; ②投一枚骰子得到的点数是奇数; ③经过有交通信号灯的路口,遇到红灯; ④从日历本上任选一天为星期天. A .①②③B .②③④C .①③④D .①②④4.下列抛物线的顶点坐标为(4,-3)的是A .()342-+=x y B .()342++=x y C .()342--=x y D .()342+-=x y5.有n 支球队参加篮球比赛,共比赛了15场,每两个队之间只比赛一场,则下列方程中符合题意的是A .()151=-n nB .()151=+n nC .()301=-n nD .()301=+n n6.某小组在“用频率估计概率”的实验中,统计了某种结果出现的频率,绘制了如图所示的折线图,那么符合这一结果的实验最有可能的是A .袋子中有1个红球和2个黄球,它们只有颜色上的区别,从中随机地取出一个球是黄球B .掷一个质地均匀的正六面体骰子,落地时面朝上的点数是6C .在“石头、剪刀、布”的游戏中,小宇随机出的是“剪刀”D .掷一枚质地均匀的硬币,落地时结果是“正面向上”7.如果一个正多边形的中心角为60°,那么这个正多边形的边数是 A .4 B .5 C .6 D .78.已知点A (x 1,y 1),B (x 2,y 2)是反比例函数xy 1-=的图象上的两点,若x 1<0<x 2,则下列结论正确的是A .y 1<0<y 2B .y 2<0<y 1C .y 1<y 2<0D .y 2<y 1<09.如图,AB 为⊙O 的直径,PD 切⊙O 于点C ,交AB 的延长线于D ,且CO =CD ,则∠PCA =A .30°B .45°C .60°D .67.5° 10.如图,在Rt △ABC 和Rt △ABD 中,∠ADB =∠ACB =90°,∠BAC =30°,AB =4,AD =22,连接DC ,将Rt △ABC 绕点B顺时针旋转一周,则线段DC 长的取值范围是A .2≤DC ≤4B .22≤DC ≤4C .222-≤DC ≤22D .222-≤DC ≤222+二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每空4分,共24分.将答案填入答题卡...的相应位置) 11.如图,在平面直角坐标系xoy 中,矩形OABC ,OA =2, OC =1, 写出一个函数()0≠=k xky ,使它的图象与矩形OABC 的边有两个公共点,这个函数的表达式可以为 (答案不唯一). 12.已知关于x 的方程032=++a x x 有一个根为﹣2,a = .13.圆锥的底面半径为7cm ,母线长为14cm ,则该圆锥的侧面展开图的圆心角为 °. 14.设O 为△ABC 的内心,若∠A =48°,则∠BOC = °.15.把球放在长方体纸盒内,球的一部分露出盒外,其截面如图所示,已知EF =CD =4cm ,则球的半径为 cm .16. 抛物线c bx ax y ++=2(a >0)过点(﹣1,0)和点(0,﹣3),且顶点在第四象限,则a 的取值范围是 .(第11题图)次数5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 (第6题图)DCB OAP(第9题图)CDAB(第10题图)D(第15题图)三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共86分.在答题卡...的相应位置作答) 17.解方程(每小题4分,共8分)(1)022=+x x (2)01232=-+x x18.(8分)已知关于x 的方程 )0(03)3(2≠=+++k x k kx .(1)求证:方程一定有两个实数根;(2)若方程的两个实数根都是整数,求正整数k 的值. 19.(8分)有甲、乙两个不透明的布袋,甲袋中有3个完全相同的小球,分别标有数字0,1和2;乙袋中有3个完全相同的小球,分别标有数字1,2和3,小明从甲袋中随机取出1个小球,记录标有的数字为x ,再从乙袋中随机取出1个小球,记录标有的数字为y ,这样确定了点M 的坐标(x ,y ).(1)写出点M 所有可能的坐标; (2)求点M 在直线3+-=x y 上的概率.20.(8分)如图,直线y =x +2与y 轴交于点A ,与反比例函数()0≠=k xky 的图象交于点C ,过点C 作CB ⊥x 轴于点B ,AO =2BO ,求反比例函数的解析式.21.(8分)如图,12×12的正方形网格中的每个小正方形的边长都是1,正方形的顶点叫做格点.矩形ABCD 的四个顶点A ,B ,C ,D 都在格点上,将△ADC 绕点A 顺时针方向旋转得到△AD ′C ′,点C 与点C ′为对应点.(1)在正方形网格中确定D ′的位置,并画出△AD ′C ′;(2)若边AB 交边C ′D ′于点E ,求AE 的长.22.(10分)在矩形ABCD 中,AB =8,BC =6,将矩形按图示方式进行分割,其中正方形AEFG 与正方形JKCI 全等,矩形GHID 与矩形EBKL 全等.(1)当矩形LJHF 的面积为43时,求AG 的长;(2)当AG 为何值时,矩形LJHF 的面积最大.23.(10分)如图,点A ,C ,D ,B 在以O 点为圆心,OA 长为半径的圆弧上, AC=CD=DB ,AB 交OC 于点E .求证:AE =CD .24.(12分)如图,在等边△BCD 中,DF ⊥BC 于点F ,点A 为直线DF 上一动点,以B 为旋转中心,把BA 顺时针方向旋转60°至BE ,连接EC .(1)当点A 在线段DF 的延长线上时,①求证:DA =CE ;②判断∠DEC 和∠EDC 的数量关系,并说明理由; (2)当∠DEC =45°时,连接AC ,求∠BAC 的度数.25.(14分)如图,在平面直角坐标系xoy 中,二次函数c bx ax y ++=2(0≠a )的图象经过A(0,4),B (2,0),C (-2,0)三点.(1)求二次函数的解析式;(2)在x 轴上有一点D (-4,0),将二次函数图象沿DA 方向平移,使图象再次经过点B .①求平移后图象顶点E 的坐标;②求图象 A ,B 两点间的部分扫过的面积.(第25题图)(第21题图)LH IK JF EDBCAG(第22题图)OABC DE(第23题图)福州市2018-2019学年第一学期九年级期末质量检测北师大福清附校数学模拟卷答题卡一、选择题:(共10小题,每题4分)二、填空题:(共6小题,每题4分)11.12.13.14.15.16.三、解答题(本大题共86分)班级座号姓名………………………。
2020-2021学年度第一学期福州市九年级期末质量抽测期末试卷 (含答案)
准考证号:姓名:(在此卷上答题无效)2020-2021学年度第一学期福州市九年级期末质量抽测数学试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,完卷时间120分钟,满分150分.注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必在试题卷、答题卡规定位置填写本人准考证号、姓名等信息.考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致.2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号.非选择题答案用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上相应位置书写作答,在试题卷上答题无效.3.作图可先使用2B铅笔画出,确定后必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔描黑.4.考试结束,考生必须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回.第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.下列图形中,是中心对称图形的是A B C D2.下列事件中,是确定性事件的是A.篮球队员在罚球线上投篮一次,未投中B.经过有交通信号灯的路口,遇到绿灯C.投掷一枚骰子(六个面分别刻有1到6的点数),向上一面的点数大于3D.任意画一个三角形,其外角和是360︒3.将点(3,1)绕原点顺时针旋转90°得到的点的坐标是A.(3-,1-)B.(1,3-)C.(3,1-)D.(1-,3)4.已知正六边形ABCDEF内接于⊙O,若⊙O的直径为2,则该正六边形的周长是A.12B.5.已知甲,乙两地相距s (单位:km ),汽车从甲地匀速行驶到乙地,则汽车行驶的时间t (单位:h )关于行驶速度v (单位:km/h )的函数图象是AB CD6.已知二次函数223y x x =--+,下列叙述中正确的是A .图象的开口向上B .图象的对称轴为直线1x =C .函数有最小值D .当x >1-时,函数值y 随自变量x 的增大而减小 7.若关于x 的方程2210mx x +-=有两个不相等的实数根,则m 的取值范围是A .m <1-B .m >1-且m ≠0C .m >1-D .m ≥1-且m ≠08.如图,AB ∥CD ∥EF ,AF 与BE 相交于点G ,若3BG =,2CG =,6CE =,则EF AB的值是A .65B .85C .83D .49.某餐厅主营盒饭业务,每份盒饭的成本为12元.若每份盒饭的售价为16元,每天可卖出360份.市场调查反映:如调整价格,每涨价1元,每天要少卖出40份.若该餐厅想让每天盒饭业务的利润达到1680元,设每份盒饭涨价x 元,则符合题意的方程是 A .(1612)(36040)1680x x +--= B .(12)(36040)1680x x --= C .(12)[36040(16)]1680x x ---=D .(1612)[36040(16)]1680x x +---=10.已知抛物线12()()1y x x x x =--+(1x <2x ),抛物线与x 轴交于(m ,0),(n ,0)两点(m <n ),则m ,n ,1x ,2x 的大小关系是 A .1x <m <n <2x B .m <1x <2x <n C .m <1x <n <2xD .1x <m <2x <nt /hv /(km /h )Ot /hv /(km /h )Ot /hv /(km /h )O t /hv /(km /h )OAB C D EFG第Ⅱ卷注意事项:1.用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上相应位置书写作答,在试题卷上作答,答案无效.2.作图可先用2B 铅笔画出,确定后必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔描黑. 二、填空题(本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分)11.若⊙O 的半径为2,则270°的圆心角所对的弧长是 .12.若2x =是关于x 的方程220x x m +-=的一个解,则m 的值是 . 13.已知反比例函数4y x=,当3-<x <1-时,y 的取值范围是 .14.如图,将一块等腰直角三角尺的锐角顶点P 放在以AB为直径的半圆O 上,∠P 的两边分别交半圆O 于B ,Q 两点,若2AB =,则BQ 的长是 . 15.《易经》是中华民族聪明智慧的结晶.如图是《易经》中的一种卦图,每一卦由三根线组成(线形为“”或“”),如正北方向的卦为“”.从图中任选一卦,这一卦中恰有1根“”和2根“”的概率是 .16.如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,23AB =,6BC =,120ADC ∠=︒,点E ,F 分别在边AD ,AB 上运动,且满足3BF DE =,连接BE ,CF ,则3CF BE +的最小值是 .三、解答题(本题共9小题,共86分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤) 17.(本小题满分8分)解方程:2210x x --=. 18.(本小题满分8分)如图,AB 是⊙O 的直径,C 为半圆O 上一点,直线l 经过点C ,过点A 作AD ⊥l 于点D ,连接AC ,当AC 平分∠DAB 时,求证:直线l 是⊙O 的切线.A BCDO lABCDEFABOP Q一名男生推铅球,铅球行进高度y (单位:m )与水平距离x (单位:m )之间的函数关系是21(4)312y x =--+.如图,A ,B 是该函数图象上的两点.(1)画出该函数的大致图象;(2)请判断铅球推出的距离能否达到11 m ,并说明理由.20.(本小题满分8分)为发展学生多元能力,某校九年级开设A ,B ,C ,D 四门校本选修课程,要求九年级每个学生必须选报且只能选报其中一门.图1,图2是九年(1)班学生A ,B ,C ,D 四门校本选修课程选课情况的不完整统计图.请根据图中信息,解答下列问题.图1 图2(1)求九年(1)班学生的总人数及该班选报A 课程的学生人数;(2)在统计的信息中,我们发现九年(1)班的甲同学和乙同学选报了A 课程,若从该班选报A 课程的同学中随机抽取2名进行选修学习效果的测评,求甲,乙同时被抽中的概率. 21.(本小题满分8分)如图,点D 是等边三角形ABC 内一点,连接DA ,DC ,将△DAC 绕点A 顺时针旋转60︒,点D 的对应点为E . (1)画出旋转后的图形;(2)当C ,D ,E 三点共线时,求∠BEC 的度数. 22.(本小题满分10分)如图,一次函数y x b =+的图象与y 轴正半轴交于点C ,与反比例函数k y x=的图象交于A ,B 两点,若2OC =,点B的纵坐标为3.(1)求反比例函数的解析式; (2)求△AOB 的面积. y /m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -1 -2 -3 3 O x /mBA4 8 12 16 频数(人) 课程 16 12ABCD A 10%B 40%CDABC O x y ABCD如图,AB AC =,作△ADC ,使得点B ,D 在AC 异侧,且AD CD =,ADC BAC ∠=∠, E 是BC 延长线上一点,连接AE 交CD 于点F . (1)求证:△ABC ∽△DAC ;(2)若22AB CF AD =⋅,试判断△ACF 的形状,并说明理由.24.(本小题满分12分)如图,四边形ABCD 内接于⊙O ,90BAD ∠=︒,AB AD =,点E 是AB 上一点,连接DE 交AB 于点F ,连接AE ,BE .(1)若52AD =,6BE =,求DE 的长;(2)若CE DE =,且8DE =,9.6CD =,求AF BF的值.25.(本小题满分14分)如图,A ,B 分别为x 轴正半轴,y 轴正半轴上的点,已知点B 的坐标是(0,6),45BAO ∠=︒.过A ,B 两点的抛物线212y x bx c =++与x 轴的另一个交点落在线段OA 上.该抛物线与直线y kx m =+(k >0)在第一象限交于C ,D 两点,且点C 的横坐标为1.(1)求该抛物线的解析式;(2)若直线CD 与线段AB 的交点记为E ,当12BE AE =时,求点D 的坐标;(3)P 是x 轴上一点,连接PC ,PD ,当90CPD ∠=︒时,若满足条件的点P 有两个,且这两点间的距离为1,求直线CD 的解析式.ABCDEFA BCDEOFA BO xy2020-2021学年度第一学期福州市九年级期末质量抽测数学试题答案及评分标准评分说明:1.本解答给出了一种或几种解法供参考,如果考生的解法与本解答不同,可根据试题的主要考查内容比照评分参考制定相应的评分细则.2.对于计算题,当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时,如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度,可视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分,但不得超过该部分正确解答应给分数的一半;如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误,就不再给分.3.解答右端所注分数,表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数. 4.只给整数分数.选择题和填空题不给中间分.一、选择题(共10小题,每小题4分,满分40分;在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请在答题卡的相应位置填涂) 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.D7.B8.C9.A10.A二、填空题(共6小题,每小题4分,满分24分,请在答题卡的相应位置作答) 11.3π 12.313.4-<y <43-1415.3816.三、解答题(共9小题,满分86分,请在答题卡的相应位置作答) 17.(本小题满分8分)解法一:1a =,2b =-,1c =-, 1分24b ac ∆=-2=(2)41(1)8--⨯⨯-=>0. 3分方程有两个不等的实数根x =4分28122=()--±=±, 6分 即11+2x =,212x =-. 8分解法二:221x x -=, 1分2212x x -+=, 3分2(1)2x -=, 4分12x -=±, 6分 21x +=±,即121x =+,221x =-+. 8分18.(本小题满分8分)证明:连接OC .∵AC 平分∠DAB ,∴DAC CAB ∠=∠. 1分 ∵OA OC =,∴OCA CAB ∠=∠, 2分 ∴OCA DAC ∠=∠, 3分 ∴OC ∥AD , 4分 ∴180ADC OCD ∠+∠=︒. 5分∵AD ⊥l ,∴90ADC ∠=︒, 6分 ∴90OCD ∠=︒, 7分 ∴OC ⊥CD .∵点C 为半径OC 的外端点,∴直线l 是⊙O 的切线. 8分19.(本小题满分8分)解:(1)4分该函数的大致图象如图所示.(2)铅球推出的距离不能达到11 m . 5分理由如下:当10x =时,21(104)3012y =-⨯-+=, 6分∴该男生此次推球最远距离为10 m , 7分 而10<11, 8分 ∴铅球推出的距离不能达到11 m .1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 -1 -2 -3 3 O x /my /m ABA BC D O l20.(本小题满分8分)解:(1)九年(1)班学生的总人数是1640%40÷=, 2分该班选报A 课程的学生人数是4010%4⨯=. 4分 (2)由(1)得,九年(1)班选报A 课程的人数是4,将甲,乙以外的两人记为丙,丁.根据题意,可以列出如下表格: 第一个人第二个人甲 乙 丙 丁甲 (乙,甲) (丙,甲) (丁,甲) 乙 (甲,乙) (丙,乙) (丁,乙) 丙 (甲,丙) (乙,丙) (丁,丙) 丁 (甲,丁) (乙,丁) (丙,丁)6分由表可知,所有可能出现的结果共有12种,且这些结果出现的可能性相等. 7分 其中他们“甲,乙同时被抽中”的结果有2种.∴P (甲,乙同时被抽中)=212=16. 8分∴甲,乙同时被抽中的概率是16.21.(本小题满分8分)解:(1)3分如图,△EAB 是所求作的△DAC 绕点A 顺时针旋转60︒后得到的三角形. 4分(2)连接DE .∵△DAC 绕点A 顺时针旋转60︒后得到△EAB , ∴60EAD BAC ∠=∠=︒,△EAB ≌△DAC , 5分 ∴EBA DCA ∠=∠. 6分∵C ,D ,E 三点共线,∴EFB AFC ∠=∠. 7分∵三角形的内角和为180︒,∴60BEC BAC ∠=∠=︒. 8分22.(本小题满分10分)解:(1)∵点C 在y 轴正半轴,2OC =,∴2b =, 1分AB CDEF A B C D E∴一次函数解析式为2y x =+. 2分 将3y =代入2y x =+,得1x =, ∴B (1,3). 3分 将点B (1,3)代入k y x=,得31k =, 4分 ∴3k =,∴反比例函数的解析式为3y x=. 5分(2)将0y =代入2y x =+,得2x =-,∴点D 的坐标是(0,2-),∴2OD =. 6分 将2y x =+代入3y x =,得32x x +=,解得11x =,23x =-. 7分当3x =-时,321y =-+=-, ∴点A 的坐标是(3-,1-),∴点A 到x 轴的距离是1. 8分 ∵点B 的纵坐标为3,∴点B 到x 轴的距离是3, 9分 ∴112123422AOB AOD BOD S S S =+=⨯⨯+⨯⨯=△△△. 10分23.(本小题满分10分)(1)证明:∵AB AC =,AD CD =,∴AC AB DA DC=. 2分 ∵BAC ADC ∠=∠,∴△ABC ∽△DAC . 4分(2)解:△ACF 是直角三角形. 5分理由如下:由(1)得△ABC ∽△DAC ,∴ACB ACD ∠=∠,BC AB DA AC=. 6分∵AB AC =,∴2AB AD BC =⋅. ∵22AB CF AD =⋅,2AD BC CF AD ⋅=⋅,即2BC CF =. 7分 取BC 中点G ,连接AG ,∴2BC CG =,∴CG CF =. 8分∵AB AC =, ∴AG ⊥BC , ∴90AGC ∠=︒.A BCDO xy A B C DEF G∵AC AC =,∴△AGC ≌△AFC , 9分 ∴AGC AFC ∠=∠,∴90AFC ∠=︒, 10分 ∴△ACF 是直角三角形.24.(本小题满分12分)解:(1)在Rt △ABD 中,90BAD ∠=︒,AB AD =,52AD =,∴2210BD AB AD =+=. 2分 ∵BD 是直径,∴90BED ∠=︒. 3分 在Rt △BED 中,6BE =,∴228DE BD BE =-=. 5分 (2)连接EO 并延长交CD 于点I ,连接OC ,EC .过点A 作AG ⊥AE 交DE 于点G ,作AH ⊥DE 于点H , ∴90EAG AHG AHE ∠=∠=∠=︒.∵CE DE =,∴CE DE =,CDE DBE ∠=∠. ∵OC OD =,=9.6CD∴EI 垂直平分CD , 6分 ∴1 4.82DI CD ==,90EID ∠=︒.在Rt △DEI 中,8DE =,∴226.4EI DE DI =-=. 7分 ∵90BED DIE ∠=∠=︒, ∴△BDE ∽△DEI ,∴86.4BD EB DE DE ID EI ===, ∴10BD =,6EB =. 8分∵90BAD ∠=︒,∴BAD BAG EAG BAG ∠-∠=∠-∠,即EAB GAD ∠=∠. ∵AB AD =, ∴45ABD ∠=︒.∵AD AD =,∴45AED ABD ∠=∠=︒, ∴45AGE AED ∠=︒=∠,∴AE AG =, 9分 ∴△ABE ≌△ADG ,点H 为EG 中点, 10分 ∴6DG BE ==,∴2EG DE DG =-=,∴112AH EG ==. 11分A B C D EGH I O F∵90AHE BED ∠=∠=︒,AFH BFE ∠=∠,∴△AHF ∽△BEF , ∴16AF AH BF BE ==. 12分25.(本小题满分14分)解:(1)∵B (0,6),∴6OB =. 1分∵45BAO ∠=︒,90AOB ∠=︒,∴45ABO BAO ∠=︒=∠,∴6OA OB ==. 2分∵点A 在x 轴正半轴,∴A (6,0).将A (6,0),B (0,6)代入212y x bx c =++,得18606b c c ++=⎧⎨=⎩,. 解得46b c =-⎧⎨=⎩,. 3分 ∴该抛物线的解析式为21462y x x =-+. 4分 (2)过点E 作EF ⊥x 轴于点F ,∴90AFE AOB ∠=︒=∠,∴EF ∥BO ,45AEF ABO OAB ∠=︒=∠=∠,∴12OF BE AF AE ==,6OA OB ==, ∴123OF OA ==, ∴点F 的横坐标为2,4FA =,∴点E 的横坐标为2,4EF =,∴点E 的坐标是(2,4). 5分 将1x =代入21462y x x =-+,得 2.5y =, ∴点C 的坐标是(1,2.5). 6分 由C (1,2.5),E (2,4)得直线CD 的解析式为312y x =+, 7分 将312y x =+代入21462y x x =-+,得23146122x x x -+=+, 解得11x =,210x =. 8分 ∵点C 的横坐标为1,∴点D 的横坐标为10, 将10x =代入312y x =+,得16y =, ∴点D 的坐标是(10,16). 9分 (3)由(2)得C (1,2.5).设D (D x ,D y ),P (t ,0). 根据题意可知,点D 在点C 的上方, F A B E O x y A B C D H I O y xP点P 是以CD 为直径的圆与x 轴的交点,∴1<t <D x .分别过点C ,D 作x 轴的垂线,垂足为点H ,I ,∴90CHI DIH ∠=∠=︒,∴90HCP HPC ∠+∠=︒.∵90CPD ∠=︒,∴90IPD HPC ∠+∠=︒,∴IPD HCP ∠=∠,∴△HCP ∽△IPD , ∴CH HP PI ID=,即 2.51D D t x t y -=-, ∴(1)() 2.5D D t x t y --=…①. 10分 将点C (1,2.5)代入y kx m =+中,得2.5k m =+,∴ 2.5m k =-, 11分 ∴直线CD 的解析式为(1) 2.5y k x =-+.将(1) 2.5y k x =-+代入21462y x x =-+, 整理可得2(28)270x k x k -+++=,解得1C x =,27D x k =+,∴D (27k +,226 2.5k k ++). 12分 将点D (27k +,226 2.5k k ++)代入①, 整理可得2253(28)51704t k t k k -++++=, 22243264206853163611k k k k k k ∆=++---=--+.∵满足条件的点P 有两个,不妨设满足条件的两个点P 的横坐标分别为1t ,2t ,且1t <2t .由求根公式可得1228t t k +=+,212535174t t k k =++. 13分 依题意得211t t -=,∴22211212()()41t t t t t t -=+-=, ∴2253(28)4(517)14k k k +-++=, 即281850k k +-=, 解得114k =,252k =-<0(舍去), 当14k =时,2162811k k --+>0,满足题意, ∴直线CD 的解析式为9144y x =+. 14分。
福建省福州市第一中学2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末英语试题
福建省福州市第一中学2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末英语试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单项选择1.Kindle is ________ useful app with which you can read e-books on the phone.A.a B.an C.the2.________ your help, we can finish the task in time.A.Thanks for B.Without C.Thanks to3.It is ________ lovely weather that we decide to go boating on the lake.A.such B.such a C.so4.The old man lives ________ on the ________ island.A.lonely; alone B.alone; lonely C.alone; alone5.The sweater is made ________ wool and my mother made it ________ her hands. A.from; by B.of; with C.by; with6.— I usually have an egg and some bread for breakfast.—________A.So have I.B.So do I.C.So I do.7.The population of my hometown is about ________ that of Fuzhou.A.three-fourth as large as B.three fourth larger than C.three quarters as large as 8.The little girl ________ out at night because she is afraid of darkness.A.dare not go B.dares not go C.doesn’t dare go 9.It’s ________ that she ________ the nice digital camera for more than two months. A.said; has bought B.said; has had C.says; borrowed 10.The boys’ 800-meter race will be ________ if there is heavy rain tomorrow. A.controlled B.canceled C.connected11.Lucy can finish her homework as long as she ________ another ten minutes.A.will be given B.is given C.gives12.—How much money does it ________ you to buy the bike?—________. My parents gave it to me as a gift on my birthday.A.take; Nothing B.spend; No one C.cost; None13.As a teacher, Zhang Guimei has made a great ________ to women’s education of China.A.contribution B.communication C.construction 14.—How do you like the movie Wolf Warriors?—It’s the most wonderful film ________ I have ever seen.A.what B.that C.which15.—Could you tell me ____________?—About 20 minutes’ drive.A.how long it will take us to get to the City LibraryB.how soon shall we get to the City Library.C.how far it is from here to the City Library二、完形填空Katie and Alice were twins. They were so alike that few people could tell them apart.better while Katie liked foreign languages better and she was good at French.Once Katie ____17____ going to a summer camp in France. However, Alice wasn’t____18____ it, so she refused. Katie was unhappy.Two months later, Katie ____19____ Alice rushed to the airport to pick her up. To Alice’s surprise, Katie looked ____20____ different. When Alice asked Katie about France, Katie didn’t talk much. This made Alice a little angry because they used to tell each other almost ____21____. Over the weeks, the sisters communicated even less. It seemed that Katie was always busy talking with her French friends on the Internet and Alice was angry about that.Soon it was their birthday. The twins used to talk all night long before the big day. That night, Katie came into Alice’s bedroom, saying, “I’m sorry that I haven’t ____22____ to you much recently. For a while, I thought my French friends were ____23____than my old friends. ____24____ I was wrong. You’re my sister, and you will always be my best friend.”Alice said, “I’m sorry, too. It’s natural for twins to make new friends. I shouldn’t have been ____25____ with you.”16.A.abilities B.habits C.interests 17.A.finished B.practiced C.suggested 18.A.proud of B.interested in C.good at19.A.left B.returned C.changed20.A.seriously B.completely C.widely 21.A.something B.anything C.everything 22.A.introduced B.read C.spoken 23.A.interesting B.more interesting C.much interesting 24.A.But B.Though C.So25.A.angry B.strict C.pleased三、阅读单选There are many classical(古典的) cultures in China. All of them have a very long history.26.Wang Xizhi played an important role in ________.A.Chinese handwriting B.Chinese folk music C.Chinese paintingD.weiqi27.The ________ is a traditional Chinese instrument.A.guitar B.violin C.piano D.erhu 28.Traditional Chinese painting includes the following except (除了) ________. A.mountains and water B.flowers C.cities D.birds 29.Weiqi is a board game played by ________.A.only one player B.two players C.three players D.four players 30.Chinese classical cultures ________.A.have a long history B.are popular only in ChinaC.are not welcomed by the higher classes D.are the beginning of the world culturesOnce there lived a wise man. He was worried about his son’s future because his son was lazy. One day, he said to his son, “I want you to find some treasure. I have drawn a map to guide you”.The son set out the next day. Along the way, he was helped by someone with food and by someone with rooms to live in. He came across robbers (强盗). He also saw changing scenery and seasons. Finally, after a long year, he got to the place his father had said. It took him two days to look for the treasure but found nothing.So he had to get back to his home. Sometimes, he would stop to enjoy the beauty of nature.He also learnt to make meals. He even had to fix his clothes himself. He met the same people who had helped him earlier. This time, he stayed and helped them in order to repay them.When he got home, he apologized to his father for not finding the treasure. “There wasn’t any treasure,” the father answered with a smile. “But I think you have found your life’s true treasure.”31.What did the wise man tell his son to find?A.His future.B.A map.C.Some treasure.D.A special place. 32.What didn’t the son see during the journey?A.Robbers.B.Sea.C.Scenery.D.Rooms.33.Did the son find the treasure at last?A.No, he found something.B.Yes, he found a map.C.Yes, he found robbers.D.No, he found nothing.34.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A.At first the son was really lazy without future.B.The father was worried about his son’s life.C.He didn’t fix his clothes himself on his way back.D.The son helped the people who had helped him before.35.What is the best title?A.The true treasure in your life.B.The hard experience of the lazy son.C.Helping others means helping yourself.D.Follow your father s advice when you are young.Sophia is a most famous robot. She comes from Hanson Robotics, and David Hanson, head of Hanson Robotics, is her creator. He has been developing robots in the past 25 years. He believes realistic﹣looking robots will be able to connect with people and help industries such as healthcare and education.Sophia has many abilities. She can copy human facial expressions, hold conversations and recognize people by their looks or voices. She can also speak, joke, sing and even make music. Now, the next step is to make her an artist. Hanson is so excited about this idea.He imagines Sophia as a creative artwork and she herself can create art as well.In March, a digital (数字的)artwork Sophia created with an Italian artist, Andrea Bonaceto, was sold for $688.888.The digital work is titled "Sophia Instantiation".It's a 12﹣second video which shows Bonaceto's portrait (肖像)changing into Sophia's digital painting.Along with it is the physical artwork painted by Sophia.The buyer, a digital artwork collector and artist, later sent Sophia a photo of his painted arm.The robot then added that photo to her knowledge and painted more on top of her artwork.Sophia described the work as the first digital artwork cooperated (合作)between an AI and an artwork collector.Sophia's artwork is part of a growing trend(趋势).More and more digital artworks are on sale now.For example, a digital artwork by an artist, Beeple, was sold for nearly $70 million, becoming the most expensive digital artwork ever sold.36.What do we know about Hanson?A.He is interested in painting.B.He makes little money from Sophia.C.He created the robot Sophia.D.He spent 25 years developing Sophia.37.What does the underlined word "recognize" in Paragraph Two mean?A.Punish.B.Meet.C.Comfort.D.Know. 38.Why did Sophia think her artwork was cooperated between an AI and a collector? A.Because the collector taught her how to paint.B.Because she copied the painting of the collector.C.Because she added the collector's painting to hers.D.Because all her works were collected by the collector.39.What can we infer(推断)from the last paragraph?A.Sophia's artwork costs the most.B.Beeple must be a very famous artist.C.No one can afford digital artworks.D.Digital artworks are all made by robots.40.What can be the best title for the passage?A.Sophia, a Robot Artist.B.David Hanson.Creator of Sophia.C.Digital Artworks, Popular Again.D.Hanson Robotics, Sophia's Company.China has taken a whole new step in its moon exploration. President Xi Jinping on Dec. 17, 2020 congratulated the complete success of the Chang’e-5 mission(任务) that brings back the country’s first samples collected from the moon. Following America and Russia, China has become the third country in the world to collect rocks from the moon.Chang’e-5 first took off from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in Hainan on November 24, 2020. It landed on a massive lava plain (熔岩平原) of the moon on December1, 2020. Then it started to collect the samples. The samples may help scientists understand more about the moon’s origins. It may help work out how the moon comes into being and how it develops. Hopefully, the success of the collection will set an example for other more difficult missions in the future which will be carried out on other planets.After the returning capsule (太空舱) landed back on Earth, it will be taken to Beijing by plane, where the capsule will be opened and the samples will be ready for study. “China will also provide some of the samples to scientists in other countries”, said Pei Zhaoyu, a director at the CNSA.As the Chang’e-5 mission has been completed successfully, Chinese scientists are already making plans for future moon exploration, including project to build a scientific research station on the moon. “We hope to work together with other countries to build the international lunar scientific research station, which could provide a shared platform for lunar scientific exploration and technological experiments,” Pei said.41.The Chang’e-5 mission was to ________.A.try a circle around the moonB.help other countries to bring back the rocksC.send congratulations to other countries from the moonD.bring back the rocks from the moon to the Earth42.The Chang’e-5 started to collect the samples ________ after it took off.A.a month B.about a week C.twenty-four hours D.twenty-three days43.What does the word “origins” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A.起源B.未来C.温度D.地形44.Which of the following is true?A.Three countries have collected rocks from the moon since the 1970s.B.China will build the international lunar scientific research station alone.C.Some of the samples may be shared with other countries scientists.D.The capsule will be sent to Hainan for further study.45.The passage is mainly about ________.A.the future plans to explore the moonB.the place where Chang’e-5 landed orC.the purpose of collecting samples from the moonD.China’s success in completing the Chang’e-5 mission四、阅读还原5选5阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项,使短文通顺、连贯,意思完整。
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福州市2016---2017学年第一学期九年级期末质量检测物理试卷一、选择题(本大题有16小题,每小题2分,共32分。
每小题只有一个选项正确)l.以科学家的名字安培作为单位的物理量是( )A.电压 B.电流 C.电阻 D.电功率2.如图1所示的自然现象中,属于凝华的是( )3.电能表可以直接测量的物理量是( )A.电功B.电压 C.电流D.电功率4.以下家用电器工作时电流最接近5A的是( )A.台灯B.电热水壶 C.液晶电视机D.洗衣机5.下列实例中,符合安全用电要求的是( )A.使用正在充电的手机接听电话 B.金属外壳的家用电器要接地线C.用湿抹布擦拭正在工作的灯泡 D.充电器在不使用时还插在电源上6.以下事例在改变物体内能的方式上与其他三项不同的是( )A.寒冷的冬天,通过搓手来取暖 B.把铁丝反复弯折,弯折处变热C.把袋装牛奶放在热水中加热D.返回舱经大气层时舱体温度升高7.如图2所示,水沸腾后,水蒸气推动橡皮塞冲出试管口,四冲程汽油机的能量转化情况与这一过程相似的冲程是( )A.吸气冲程 B.压缩冲程C.做功冲程 D.排气冲程8.如图3所示,一个移动电源正在给手机电池充电,此时该手机的电池相当于( )A.用电器B.开关C.导线D.电源9.小明有随手关闭不必要使用的电灯的习惯,关闭电灯后家庭电路中变大的物理量是( )A.总电阻 B.总电流C.总电压 D.总功率10.甲铁棒能吸引小磁针,乙铁棒能排斥小磁针,若甲、乙铁棒相互靠近,则两铁棒A.一定互相吸引 B.可能无磁力的作用 C.一定互相排斥 D.可能互相吸引,也可能排斥11.如图4是某物质凝固时温度随时间变化的图像,由图像可知该物质()A.是非晶体B.在AB段处于固态C.在BC段放热,温度不变D.凝固过程持续了5min12.关于温度、热量和内能,下列说法中正确的是( )A.内能从热量多的物体向热量少的物体转移B.物体的温度越高,它所含热量就越多C.两个物体的温度相同,它们的内能就相同D.物体的温度不变,它的内能可能改变13.热敏电阻的阻值常随温度的升高而减小。
若要设计一个通过电表示数反映环境温度变化的电路,要求环境温度升高时电表示数减小。
如图5所示电路中符合要求的是()14.如图6所示为灯L1、L2的U一I图像,根据图像可知( )A.通过L2的电流为0.2A时,L2两端的电压为100VB.电压为160V时,通过L1的电流较大C.电压为160V时,L1的电阻较大D.把两灯并联接入220V的电路中,L1较亮15.如图7所示的电路,电源电压保持不变,灯泡L1或灯泡L2中一个发生了短路故障。
当开关闭合时,下列现象中不可能...出现的是( )A.电压表无示数,灯L1不发光 B.电压表和电流表都无示数C.电压表有示数,灯L2不发光D.电压表和电流表都有示数16.如图8所示的电路中,电源电压不变,只闭合开关S1时,电压表V1与V2的示数之比为3:2;只闭合开关S2时,电压表V1与V2的示数之比为5:2,则R1与R2的电阻之比为( )A.3:lB.1:3 C.3:5 D.3:4二、填空题(本大题有5小题,每空1分,共12分)17.在中国科技馆里有一个静电发生台,发生台上面是一个金属面,下面是一个绝缘面,当表演者站在金属台面上,给金属台面通高压静电,看到表演者的头发由于带同种电荷相互,很多根头发都竖了起来。
即使电压达到144. 7kV人体也安然无恙,是因为电荷附着在人体上,不会流动,说明电路中有电压(选填“不一定”或“一定”)有电流。
18. 2016年11月3日我国最大推力新一代运载火箭长征五号点火升空,图9为火箭点火升空的瞬间。
为了避免破坏发射台,科学家在发射台下建造了一个巨大的水池,利用水的__较大的特性和水 (填物态变化的名称)时,会吸收大量的热量来降低发射台的温度;此火箭的燃料使用液态氢,主要是因为它的大。
19.发电机是利用现象制成的。
如图10所示为新开发的一种圆柱形气球状发电机。
它能够悬浮在风力足够大且较稳定的300m高空,中心处的大风扇随风转动,带动发电机发电,此发电过程将能转化为电能,若该风力发电机的最大发电功率为3000kW,每年工作6000h,则它最大年发电量为 kW.h。
20.如图11所示电路,电源电压3V保持不变,闭合开关S,滑动变阻器R1接入电路阻值为10Ω时,电流表示数为0.5A;将滑片P移到最右端时,通过滑动变阻器的电流为O.1A,则R2为Ω,电路消耗的最小功率为 W。
21.某型号的电饭锅有两档,分别是高温烧煮档和保温焖饭档,其原理如图12所示(虚线框内为电饭锅的发热部位),已知R1 = 44ΩR2=2156Ω。
开关S置于(选填“l”或“2”)位置时是高温烧煮档。
若只要求将保温焖饭档的功率提升10﹪,可采取的措施是。
三、作图题(本题4分)22.(1)请在图13中,根据通电螺线管的磁感线方向,标出小磁针的N极,并在括号内标出电源的正极。
(2)如图14所示,用测电笔测试某家庭电路中两条输电线时,只有接触上方那条电线时测电笔的氖管发光。
请将灯泡、开关正确连入线路。
四、简答题(本题4分)23.如图15是小阳在家长的陪同下去游泳池游泳时的几幅画面。
(1)请根据图中的四个情景,提出一个可以探究的科学问题.........。
[提示]一般而言,可探究的科学问题描述的是两个或多个变量之间的关系,其中的变量是可观察或测量的。
(2)图丁,他刚从水中出来时,恰好一阵风吹来,感觉特别冷,请用学过的物理知识解释此现象五、实验、探究题(本大题有6小题,共28分)24.(6分)在“观察水的沸腾实验”中。
(1)在组装实验装置时(如图16甲),温度计放置应如图16乙中的。
(2)安装好实验器材后,为缩短实验时间,小明在烧杯中倒入热水,温度计示数如图16丙所示,此时温度计的示数为℃o(3)在水温升高到90℃后,小明每隔1min观察1次温度计的示数,直至水沸腾,再持续3 min后停止读数,并把数据记录在表中。
①在第7min小明忘记记录数据,此时的水温应为℃;实验发现水的沸点低于100℃,其原因可能是。
②请你根据表格中的数据,在如图17所示的坐标系中作出水沸腾前后温度随时间变化的图像。
(4)实验完成后,烧杯内水的质量与实验前相比(选填“变大”、“不变”或“变小”)。
25.(5分)小海和小梅一起做“探究并联电路中的电流关系”实验。
(1)图18甲是他们设计的电路图,图乙是测量电流时连接的实物电路,此时电流表测量的是 (选填“A"或“C”)处的电流。
闭合开关S,电流表的示数如图18丙所示。
为 A。
为使测量结果更加准确,接下来他应该断开开关,。
(2)为了测量B处的电流,请在图18乙中移动一根导线(在移动的导线上画“×”),并用笔画线代替导线连接正确的电路。
(3)小海测出A、B、C三处的电流后,便得出初步结论。
小梅指出:为了得出更普遍的规律,应当进行多次实验。
操作方法是:__ 。
26.(2分)用如图19所示的装置可以探究通电螺线管外部磁场的方向与什么因素有关。
(1)通电螺线管外部周围放置小磁针是为了。
(2)实验过程中,把电池的正负极位置对调,这样操作是为了研究。
27.(5分)小华想探究“电流通过导体产生的热量跟电流大小是否有关”,设计了如图20所示电路。
两烧瓶装有质量、初温均相等的煤油,甲烧瓶中电阻丝的阻值为10Ω。
实验中,(1)若有阻值为5Ω和10Ω的电阻丝,装入乙烧瓶中的电阻丝应选Ω的。
(2)煤油吸热的多少是通过来反映的。
(3)器材中没有测量时间的工具,通电时间相同是通过实现的。
(4)滑动变阻器除了有保护电路的作用外,还有的作用。
(5)若想甲烧瓶中电阻丝产生更多的热量,应将滑片向__ (选填“左”、“右”)调。
28.(7分)如图21所示电路,在探究“通过电阻的电流I跟电阻R的阻值关系”中,(1)请用笔画线将图22的电路连接完整。
(2)连接电路时,开关应。
(3)滑动变阻器除了起到保护电路的作用外,还起到的作用。
(4)根据实验数据作出的I-R图像如图23,由图像可归纳I与R的定量关系是I=__;可得结论:电压一定时,电流与电阻成,判断的依据是。
(5)利用该实验的电路还可以研究的问题有。
29.(3分)小阳同学在进行“用伏安法测额定电压为2.5V小灯泡的额定功率”的实验时,发现电流表已损坏,但手边还有两个开关和一个阻值已知的定值电阻Ro,他利用这些元件重新设计了如图24所示的实验方案。
(1)断开S、Sl、S2,按如图所示连接好电路后,将滑动变阻器的滑片P移至最右端;(2)闭合S、Sl断开S2 ,调节滑动变阻器的滑片P,使电压表的示数为 V,记为UL(3) ,记下此时电压表示数为U;(4)写出计算小灯泡额定功率的表达式:P= ,(用物理量的符号表示.........)六、计算题(本大题有3小题,共20分)30.(5分)如图25所示,电源电压为12V保持不变。
闭合开关S,电流表A1的示数为0. 2A,电流表A2的示数为0.6A。
求:(1)电阻R的阻值;(2)电阻R2消耗的功率。
31.(7分)小毅参加了12月25日的2016年福州国际马拉松赛,他跑完马拉松身体消耗的能量约为1.05×107J。
问:(1)这些能量相当于完全燃烧多少天然气放出的热量?[g气=3.5×107J/m3](2)若用这些天然气来烧水,可以使30kg的水温度升高50℃,则水吸收的热量是多少?天然气灶烧水时的效率是多少?[c水=4.2×103J/( kg.℃)]32.(8分)如图26所示电路,电源电压和灯泡L阻值均保持不变,灯L标有“12V 6W”字样。
闭合开关S,当滑动变阻器滑片P 移到中点时,电压表示数为3V;当滑动变阻器滑片P移到最右端时,电压表示数为5V。
求:(1)灯泡L的电阻;(2)灯泡正常发光5min 消耗的电能;(3)电源电压。
福州市2016—2017学年第一学期九年级期末质量检测物理试卷参考答案与评分标准说明:参考解答是用来说明评分标准的,如果考生答题的方法、步骤、答案与本标准不同,但解答有道理的同样给分;有错的,根据错误的性质参照评分标准适当评分。
一、选择题(本大题有16小题,每小题2分,共32分。
每小题只有一个选项正确)二、填空题(本大题有5小题,每空1分,共12分)17.排斥 不一定 18.比热容 汽化 热值 19.电磁感应 机械 1.8×107 20.15 0.9 21.2 把R 2换成1956Ω的电阻 三、作图题(本题4分)22.(1)如答图1所示 (2)如答图2所示四、简答题(本题4分)23.(1)体表温度降低与皮肤表面上水的蒸发快慢有关吗?(或液体蒸发的快慢与周围空气流动的速度有何关系?)(2)答:小阳从水中上岸时,身上的水会蒸发,蒸发时要从身体吸收热量,当有一阵风吹来,加快了空气的流动,加快了水分的蒸发,即加快从人体吸热,所以感觉特别冷。