2012年华南师范大学经济与管理学院经济学考博试题与答案

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2012年华师大金融学西方经济学考研真题

2012年华师大金融学西方经济学考研真题华东师范大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试803西方经济学一、单项选择题（每题1.5分，共45分）1、吉芬商品属于（）A、普通商品B、低档商品C、炫耀商品D、正常商品2、需求的交叉弹性为负值时，两种商品的关系是（）A、互补B、替代C、无关D、无法确定3、一般来说，一种可变要素的合理投入区域是（）A、在MP最大点与MP为零的点之间B、在AP最大点与MP为零的点之间C、在MP最大点与TP最大点之间D、在MP最大点与AP最大点之间4、企业经济成本不应包括的是（）A、购买要素的成本B、自由要素的成本C、机会成本D、沉淀成本5、假如生产中只投入劳动这一种可变要素，且劳动量为L,价格为W,那么产出与成本之间的对应关系为（）A、SMC=W*AP,A VC=W*MPB、SMC=W/AP, A VC=W/MPC、SMC=W*MP, A VC=W*APD、SMC=W/MP, A VC=W/AP6、厂商的短期供给曲线（）A、SMC曲线上A VC曲线以上的部分B、SMC曲线上收支相抵点以上的部分C、A VC曲线上停止营业点以上的部分D、SAC曲线上收支相抵点以上的部分7、生产者剩余与利润之间的关系（）A、利润=生产者剩余B、利润+固定成本=生产者剩余C、利润=生产者剩余—可变成本D、利润=生产者剩余+可变成本8、政府对某些行业实行的支持价格政策是（）A、保护生产者利益，规定的最高限价B、保护消费者利益，规定最高限价C、刺激生产，规定最低限价D、保护消费者利益，规定最低限价9、随着企业累计产出规模的扩大，单位产出成本下降，其原因在于（）A、规模经济B、范围经济C、外部效应D、学习曲线效应10、不符合垄断竞争市场的特征是（）A、存在价格竞争与非价格竞争B、鼓励产品创新，满足消费多样性C、存在过剩的生产能力与社会福利损失D、生产处于成本最低点，厂商长期零利润11、自然垄断形成的原因是（）A、垄断厂商吓阻竞争对手B、规模经济C、厂商垄断某种自然资源D、厂商垄断某种专利技术12、自然垄断行业平均成本较高而边际成本较低，政府对自然垄断行业的管制措施是（）A、垄断定产定价B、按P=MC定价C、按P=AC定价D、反垄断13、帕累托市场最优的结构是（）A、卡特尔B、存在差别产品的垄断竞争市场C、实行完全价格歧视的完全垄断D、古诺均衡14、基于经济学传统的观点，与一般均衡无关的是（）A、市场出清B、消费者效用最大C、竞争市场D、帕累托改善15、智猪博弈的收益矩阵如下，该博弈（）A 、存在占优策略的均衡和纳什均衡 B 、存在占优策略的均衡，不存在纳什均衡C 、存在纳什均衡，不存在极大极小策略均衡D 、存在纳什均衡和极大极小策略的均衡16、委托-代理问题产生的原因在于（）A 、逆选择B 、免费搭车C 、信息不对称D 、外部效应17、提出增长七因素分析、经济增长黄金律理论的贡献者分别是（）A 、索洛、肯德尼克B 、肯德里克、丹尼森C 、丹尼森、菲尔普斯D 、索洛、菲尔普斯18、分别认为AS 曲线右上倾斜、垂直的是（）A 、凯恩斯主义、新凯恩斯主义B 、新古典宏观主义学、古典经济学C 、货币主义、供给学派D 、新凯恩斯主义、理性预期学派19、可以解释工资粘性、价格粘性的理论分别是（）A 、菜单成本、鞋革成本B 、长期工资合同、菜单成本C 、长期工资合同、鞋革成本D 、鞋革成本、菜单成本20、在其他条件不变的情况下，美国政府按一美元6元人民币收购200亿美元外汇，同时在银行债券市场上发行800亿央行票据，如果广义的货币乘数是2，那么中国货币供给量将（）人民币。

华南理工大学经济学真题及部分答案详解

华南理工大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（请在答题纸上做答，试卷上做答无效，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：经济学(含宏观、微观)适用专业：国民经济学，区域经济学，金融学，产业经济学，数量经济学共 2 页一、名词解释（每小题6分，共30分）1、替代效应和收入效应2、规模经济与范围经济3、外部影响与科斯定理4、真实利率与费雪效应5、滞胀与菲利普斯曲线二、简答题（每小题10分，共60分）1．“需求的价格弹性等于需求曲线的斜率”这种陈述是否正确，简述理由。

2．完全竞争理论的必要假设有哪些？试解释这些假设的重要性。

3．一个厂商排放污染物破坏了周围环境。

简述激励厂商降低污染物的几种方法。

4．概述经济增长（生产率增长）的源泉及促进经济增长的政策措施。

5．支出法GDP由哪些部分构成？什么是最终消费率？中国最终消费率为什么偏低？6．自动稳定器有哪些？选择其中一个稳定器解释它如何并为什么会影响产出波动。

三、计算题（每小题15分，共30分）1、假设两家电子厂商S和T共同持有一项用于机场雷达系统零件的专利权，此零件的需求函数是P=200-QS-QT, 式中QS和QT是两家厂商的销售量；P是市场销售价格。

两家厂商制造和销售此零件的总成本函数分别是TCS=1500+55QS+QS2和TCT=1200+70QT+QT2。

①假设两家厂商按古诺模型独立行动，求市场价格、每家厂商的最优产量、每家厂商的利润；②如果两家厂商串谋，求市场价格、每家厂商的最优产量、每家厂商的利润；③比较两种情况你可以得出哪些结论？2、若某一宏观经济模型的参数如下：C=100+0.8Y;I=150-5r;L=0.12-2r；M=100(单位：亿元)；试求：①IS-LM均衡条件下的收入及利率水平。

②若充分就业的收入水平为1200亿元，政府为了实现充分就业，单独运用扩张的财政政策，追加的投资应为多少？利率水平为多少？分析该政策的“收入效应”和“挤出效应”。

华南师范大学经济与管理学院2012-2013学年第(一)学期期末考试经济法试卷及答案----罗燕

经济与管理学院2012-2013学年第（一）学期期末考试2011级管理类专业《经济法学》试题（A）年级______ 班级______ 姓名罗燕学号______一、单项选择题（在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确的答案，并将其号码填在题干后的括号内，每小题1分，共20分）1.下列属于经济法调整对象的是：（C）A.买卖合同B.财产继承关系C.宏观调控关系D.劳动关系2.被认为是世界上最早的《反不正当竞争法》的是（B）A.1890年美国的《谢尔曼法》B.1896年德国的《反不正当竞争法》C.1892年美国的《谢尔曼反托拉斯法》D.1899年加拿大的《预防和禁止贸易合并法》3.下列说法正确的是：（D）A.经济法律关系是经济法的调整对象B.作为经济法律关系主体的国家机关，主要是经济审判机关C.企业内部组织和有关人员也是经济法律关系的主体D.经济法律关系是经济法对一定经济关系调整的结果4.经济法律关系中最主要的主体是：（C）A.国家机关B.企业内部组织C.企业法人D.事业单位5.有限责任公司的法定人数为（C）A.20人以下B.30人以下C.50人以下D.60人以下6.我国《公司法》规定，公司经营管理发生严重困难，继续存在会使股东权益受到重大损失，通过其他途径不能解决的，持有公司全部股东表决权（B）以上的股东，可以请求人民法院解散公司。

A.5%B.10%C.20%D.30%7.股份有限公司董事、监事的报酬事项归（C）决定。

A.董事会B.监事会C.股东大会D.发起人8.有限责任公司的监事会的成员中职工代表的比例不得低于（B）A.二分之一B.三分之一C.三分之二D.四分之三9.下列不是垄断协议的是（B）。

A.家乐福和沃尔玛约定：前者占北京市场，后者占天津市场。

B.因为价格问题，甲乙两家汽车厂口头约定都不购买丙钢铁公司的钢材。

C.甲药厂和乙医药连锁超市约定：后者出售前者的某种专利药品只能按某价出售。

D.甲药厂和乙医药连锁超市约定：后者出售前者的某种专利药品最高按某价出售。

华南师范大学考博历年真题

华南师范大学考博历年真题华南师范大学1997年--2006年1999年《普通心理学》一、名词解释（24分）1、条件反射2、启动效应3、感受性4、深度知觉5、表象6、智力商数7、表征8、气质二、简答（30分）1、知觉恒常性2、遗忘曲线3、格式塔学派4、内隐记忆5、定势6、认知结构三、论述题1、述评韦伯---费希纳定律（15分）2、为什么说人的心理是人脑对客观现实的主观反映（15分）3、试分析比较性格向性说和特质论（16分）《西方心理学史》一．名词解释（30分）1、原型2、行为环境3、自我实现4、认知地图5、双重心理学6、认知不协调二、简答题（40分）1、什么是心理投射？2、什么是心理紧张系统？3、什么是“第三势力”心理学？4、什么是信息加工的心理学观点？5、操作条件反射与经典条件反射有什么不同？三、论述题（30分）1、如何理解格式塔的意义和作用2、如何理解潜意识理论及其对心理学发展的影响《研究方法》一、名词解释1、实验设计2、麦考勒效应3、无关变量4、提示法5、问题行为图6、对偶配对组法7、闪光融合临界频率8、再测信度9、内容效度10、项目区分度二、图形解释（10分）图一（略）图二（略）（由于没有扫描仪，以后再作补充）三、计算题（10分）甲乙两组学生参加一项“问题解决”的实验，以完成解决问题的时间（秒）为成绩。

他们解决某一问题的成绩如下，问两组成绩是否存在着显著差异甲组17 15 16 18 14 13 14 12 乙组16 18 19 16 22 19 18 16 13 (t .05=2.131, t .01=2.947)四、简答题（30分）1、心理测量的标准化主要包括哪些内容？2、反应时间在当前心理学实验研究中有何作用3、情绪实验中常用的指标有哪些五、实验方案设计题目《高中男女生数学解题模式的比较研究》2000年发展与教育心理专业博士生入学考试心理学基本原理与实验考试卷一、述评西方心理学研究的实证主义与现象学主义两大研究方法流派。

2012年-2020年华南师范大学333教育综合考研真题汇总

教育硕士考研辅导班：2012年-2020年华南师范大学333教育综合考研真题汇总2020年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、教育者2、科教兴国3、活动课程4、班级授课制5、有意义学习6、记忆二、简答题1、简述“五育”之间的相互关系2、简述教师主导作用和学生主动性关系3、简述梁启超的教育思想4、简述《国防教育法》三、论述题1、培养和提高教师素养的主要途径2、朱子读书法的内容和意义3、苏格拉底方法的内容和意义4、科尔伯格的道德发展阶段理论2019年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、学校教育制度2、课程3、教学评价4、校长负责制5、创造性6、自我效能感二、简答题1、简述中国教育目的的精神。

2、简述教师的素养。

3、简述法家的数育思想4、简述明治维新教育改革。

三、论述题1、论述教育的社会流动功能及重要意义。

2、论述梁漱溟的乡村教育建设理论3、论述现代人文主义教育思潮。

4、论述社会规范学习的心理过程。

2018年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、广义的教育2、教学3、德育4、学校管理5、心理发展6、品德不良二、简答题1、简述生产力对教育的制约2、简述教师的义务3、简述科举制度的影响4、简述苏格拉底的教育思想三、论述题1、论述班主任工作的主要内容2、论述中体西用思想的历史作用和其局限性3、论述杜威的教育思想4、论述影响学习动机的因素2017年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、狭义教育2、知识3、教科书4、学习动机5、教育目的6、德育二、简答题1、影响人发展的基本因素2、孔子的教学方法3、卢梭的自然教育理论4、教师劳动的特点三、论述题1、马克思和恩格斯的教育思想2、品德不良的成因和纠正3、教学工作的基本环节4、蔡元培的教育实践和教育思想2016年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、广义教育2、学习动机3、德育4、教学5、教育目的6、知识二、简答题1、现代教育的特点2、科举制的影响3、班主任的素质要求4、洛克白板说三、论述题1、教学过程要处理的几种关系2、杜威思想的影响3、陶行知生活教育体系4、心理健康教育的内容与目标2015年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、广义教育2、德育3、学校管理4、教育目的5、心理发展6、品德不良二、简答题1、简述教育在我国社会主义建设中的地位和作用2、简述教学工作的基本环节3、简述卢梭的自然教育理论4、孔子教育思想的历史影响三、论述题1、张之洞“中体西用”思想的历史意义和局限性2、培养和提高教师素养的主要途径3、影响学习动机的因素4、简述基督教教育的特点2014年华南师范大学333教育综合一、名词解释1、设计教学法2、人的全面发展3、教育制度4、贝尔兰卡斯特制5、心理健康6、社会规范学习二、简答题1、简述德育的教育影响一致性和连贯性原则及要求。

2012年华南师范大学802西方经济学考研真题及答案

华南师范大学802西方经济学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题一、名词解释（10*3）1.无差异曲线2.消费价格指数3.索洛余值4.货币中性5.自然垄断6.生产者均衡7.消费者剩余8.扩展线9.10.二、简答题（8*5）1、长期平均成本和短期平均成本呈“U”形各自成因是什么？2、垄断厂商可以实行价格歧视的条件是什么？什么是一级、二级、三级价格歧视？3、新古典增长模型对发展中国家有什么借鉴意义？4、新古典宏观经济学如何解释经济波动？5、通货膨胀的经济效应是什么？三、计算题（10*2）1、列出纳什均衡策略和混合策略纳什均衡2、求IS方程和LM方程，判断有没有“挤出效应”四、论述题（20*3）1.画图分析正常物品、低档物品和吉芬物品的替代效应和收入效应，并说明它们的需求曲线特征。

2.从短期供给曲线的视角去说明新古典宏观经济学和新凯恩斯主义的分歧。

3.用IS-LM模型分析总需求管理政策的效果和局限性，并说明2008年以来我国总需求管理政策实施的情况。

4.4.1华南师范大学802西方经济学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题解析一、名词解释1.无差异曲线无差异曲线是西方经济学中的一个概念，它是指这样一条曲线，在它上面的每一点，商品的组合是不同的，但是，它表示人们从中得到的满足程度却是相同的。

2.消费价格指数指在反映一定时期内居民所消费商品及服务项目的价格水平变动趋势和变动程度。

居民消费价格水平的变动率在一定程度上反映了通货膨胀（或紧缩）的程度。

3.索洛余值假设生产函数为：Y=AF(L,K)Y为生产总量，A为全生产要素，即包括知识、技术在生产中的作用，L为劳动力数量，K为资本总量。

由微积分的知识，可以得出：△Y=MPL×△L+MPK×△K+△A其中MPL为劳动的边际生产率，MPK为资本的边际生产率，上面的式子变形可得：△Y/Y=a△L+b△K+△A/A其中a为劳动在总产出的份额，b为资本份额，△A/A就是索罗余量。

（完整版）各大名校经济学综合考博试题

（完整版）各大名校经济学综合考博试题宏观经济学试题人民大学2012年考博试题1、什么是资本黄金水平？如何判断一国资本处在大于或小于资本黄金水平？中国资本积累过高，我国采取哪些来影响资本积累过高？2、“流动性陷阱”约束下的货币扩张性影响？3、新古典经济学（NEC）怎样说明政策的无效性？政治经济学：1.资本论中的经济危机理论2.为什么说资本主义生产过程是劳动过程和价值增值过程的统一3.什么是平均利润。

其形成机制是什么。

对产业接哦故的影响微观经济学1.根据效用函数求支出函数和希克斯需求曲线2.一个实证分析关于酒精饮料的需求价格弹性对它征税相关的酒精饮料为什么理论上需求弹性低。

为什么库克的回归结果弹性是-1.8。

对它征税有没有用应该用什么政策宏观经济学1.论述从哈罗德多马到索罗模型到新增长模型的现代增长理论发展趋势2.关于货币和通货膨胀的关系，货币主义和凯恩斯主义的观点有什么区别，为什么又这些区别经济学说史1.为什么说配第是英国古典政治经济学的第一人2.评述魁奈的经济表3.评述和比较西斯蒙第和马尔萨斯的经济危机理论。

2013年人大考博经济学院专业试题：考博考了高微高宏、专业课、还有政经。

宏观：1.从哈罗德多马模型到索罗模型到新增长理论，现代经济增长理论的发展趋向是什么？2.在货币与通货膨胀关系上，货币主义与凯恩斯主义有什么区别？为什么？高微：考了希克斯需求和支出函数的计算，以及需求价格弹性。

不难专业课出了三道大题：1. 中国宏观经济政策是怎样调控中国经济周期的2. 中国城镇化发展模式与政府职能转变之间的关系3. 预测经济增长有哪些工具和方法，这些方法有什么优点和缺点？决定经济增长的因素有哪些？我国经济增长速度在2012为什么放缓？北大西方经济学2010（回忆版）微观经济学部分（25）1、公共品问题（请参加刘文析教授的讲课或者是人大版高鸿业书中刘文析教授编写的部分）2、微观厂商的最优生产问题，计算题宏观经济学（25）所有的宏观经济学题目都来自罗默宏观经济学课本！！1、索洛模型达到了均衡点以后的问题，储蓄率的变动引起的一系列变化，需要画图2、拉姆齐模型，推导家庭最优化行为浙江大学2003年春西方经济学1、计算题：宏观两部门2、简答题：－奥肯定理－若伦茨曲线与基尼系数－成本递减行业的长期供给曲线－3、论述题－通货紧缩论－道德风险与逆向选择南京大学2005年博士研究生入学试题西方经济学研究：分宏观和微观两部分，每部分50分宏观经济学部分：一、已知投资曲线：I=I0--h *i ，货币需求曲线为L=KY-bi 消费曲线为：C=C0+C*Y，运用IS-LM模型通过计算说明：（20分）（1）财政政策和货币政策影响总需求的因素包括那些？（2）上述因素的影响程度如何？二、写出生命周期理论中饱含财富因素的消费函数表达式，并分析（1）当财富、预期收入增加时给消费带来的影响。

华南师范大学2012年考博英语试题

华南师范大学2012年考博英语试题Section I Vocabulary (20 points)Directions: There are 40 sentences in this section. Each sentence has something omitted. Choose theword or words from the four choices given to best complete each sentence.1. Conscience __ him day and night after he saw the miseries other child which was caused by his misdoings with his own eyes.A. racksB. persecutesC. maltreatsD. abuses2. Her professional ethics is now being questioned since she often __ her reports to suit the peopleshe is speaking to.A. disfiguresB. deformsC. misshapesD. distorts3. The developed countries are urging the developing countries to adopt a strategy that can __ the twin needs of development and preservation of nature.A. assimilateB. correspondC. coincideD. reconcile4. "Venice __ as the major sea power of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages, which waserne mentioned by some writers, such as Shakespeare, Marlowe, etc..A. prevailedB. reignedC. presidedD. restrained5. Terrorists __ to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims.A. resortedB. tookC. sawD. looked6. The dilemma I was caught in several years ago bears a close ____ to the one you are involved intoday, so perhaps I can give you some advice.A. likenessB. resemblanceC. analogyD. familiarity7. As civilization ____ in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic essentials of life- food, shelter and clothes.A. processesB. precedesC. proceedsD. exceeds8. In most cases politicians are __ as they seldom tell the truth.A. skepticalB. pessimistic -C. incredulousD. incredible9. He __ his children nothing and gave them whatever they wantedA. rejectedB. deniedC. deprivedD. restrictedl 0. He __ of having missed a good opportunity to study abroad but he "knew it was no use crying over spilt milk.A. weptB. mournedC. grievedD. repented11.The work is not very profitable____cash, but I am getting valuable experience from itA. in accordance withB. on the basis ofC. in terms ofD. in the light of12. When the hostess received my compliment on her new car, she responded with great pleasureabout how the car is a ____buy.A. modestB. choiceC. superiorD. eloquent13. After having been dismissed from the factory, John had to earn a meager living by thetelevision sets.A. over~{usingB. patchingC. servicingD. remedying14. In fact, the U.S Congress ____ to the British Parliament as they both have the right to make laws.A. agreesB. correspondsC. matchesD. coincides15. The speaker announced that the President would convene his top aides for the regular meetingbut he didn't the time and place ..A. designateB. denote "C. manifestD. specify16. The amount of heat produced by this electrical apparatus is --at will by turning a small.handle.A. variableB. variousC. differentD. diverse17. All visitors are requested to with the regulations.A. abideB. complyC. consentD. conform18. I him at Once as an American when he stepped onto the stage with three other actors.A. regardedB. deemedC. spottedD. discerned19. By adapting to your mental condition, you can more in less time.A. complementB. implementC. complimentD. accomplish20. He had to be here at ten o'clock, but because of a traffic accident, he didn't show up untilmidnight.A. overtakenB. undertakenC. guaranteedD. warranted21. When the jury brought in a. of guilt, the defendant who was overwhelmingly arrogantseveral minutes ago drooped his head.A. judgmentB. appraisalC. verdictD. conviction22. He Was. from the competition because he had not complied with the rules.A. forbidden.B. barred ~C. disqualifiedD. excused23. He my authory~, by allowing the children to do things that I have ~'--' ~~,by forbidden.A. impairedB.. disabledC. underminedD. undid24. After completing the big dictionary which was popularly received by readers, this famous scholarset out to compile a. to it.A. complementB. supplementC. accessory 'D. helper25. According to the geological theory put forward by a famous geologist at an academic conferencenewly held in England, the south of Iceland is to earthquakesA. disposedB. likely:C. liableD. inclined26. At the news, the demonstrators who had put the foreign goods under a boycott for several monthsprotested butA. to naughtB. to nothingC. to no availD. to void27. This country's development of science was greatly undermined for large numbers of scientificwere ejected from their motherland since the dictator came into power.A. galaxyB. eliteC. personnelD. swarm28. The university an honorary doctor's degree on the distinguished scholar who was generallyregarded as a credit to his own country.A. donatedB. conferredC. subscribedD. granted29. The people of this country have entrenched themselves to any invaders who refuse to giveup their evil intention.A. ward offB. cut offC. work offD. lay off30. The mob was by the fiery speech and then they marched down the main street, and setmany Chinese stores on fire.A. wakenedB. aroused ,C. inspiredD. agitated31. The politician is shrewd and deep; he was him. seldom on what he expected others to do forA. transparentB. explicitC. prominentD. conspicuous32. In the eyes of the linguists, there exists no among the languages in the world.A. statusB. scaleC. hierarchyD. gauge33. The radio program was presented a joint venture which was registered several months ago.A. by courtesy ofB. on account ofC. by virtue ofD. in terms of34. Some historians are convinced that Rome was a corrupt kingdom that deserved toA.dieB. expireC. perishD. cease35. In the end they came to the conclusion that the evidence produced by the plaintiff wasA. scarceB. rareC. scantyD. deficient36. The conductor of the orchestra was not satisfied with the ballet for the steps of the dancer wasnot with the rhythm of the music.A. coordinatedB. correspondedC. synchronizedD. reconciled37. It is natural for me to on his motives for the visits for we have not been on speaking termsfor many years.A. reflectB. supposeC. speculateD. meditate38. The president placed a wreath on the monument to the heroes and then made a speech to payto the great achievements of the martyrs.A. complimentB. gratitudeC. tribute.D. commendation39. Bribery the confidence that must exist between buyer and seller.A. aggravatesB. deterioratesC. corrodesD. degenerates40. By evacuating the inhabitants in the densely populated areas of the city and establishing temporary shelters, the city. itself for a possible new quake.A. boltedB. bracedC. reinforcedD. strappedSectionⅡUse of English (20points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for" each numbered blank and markedA, B, C or D on the answer sheet.The salmon is one of our most valuable fish. It offers us food, sport , and profit. Ever5, ),ear commercial fishing 41 a harvest of over a billion pounds of salmon from the sea. Hundreds ofthousands of salmon are caught each year by eager 42 fishers.In autumn, the rivers of the Northwestern United States come 43 with salmon. The salmon have left the ocean and are '44 their yearly run up river to spawn. Yet today, there are far fewer salmon than 45 because the salmon 46 has suffered from many perils of the modem age.Water pollution has killed many salmon by 47 them of oxygen. Over - fishing has further decreased their numbers. Dams are another 48 because they lock migration paths. Fishladders, 49 of stepped pools, have been built so that salmon can swim 50 over the dams.But young salmon swimming to the ocean have "trouble 51 the ladders. Often they 52 their deaths over the dam or are killed in giant hydroelectric turbines.53 America will continue to have plenty of salmon, conservationists have planned several. lays to 54 the salmon population. Conservation officials have ~had some success 55 salmon in hatcheries and stocking salmon rivers with them. Salmon are also being 56 into new areas. In 1996, hundreds of thousands of young Coho salmon were planted in streams off Lake Michigan. The adults were expected to migrate to the lake and 57 an undesirable fish. The Cohoes 58 so well on this kind of fish in Lake Michigan 59 Cohoes are being planted in other Great Lakes.Thanks to the foresight and 60 of conservationists, the valuable salmon should be aroundAmerican shores, rivers, and lakes for a long time to come41. A. results in B. results from C. results at D. resulted in42. A. commerce B. sports C. salmon D. kindness43. A. alive B. active C. live D. about-44. A. at B. in C. on D. by45. A. ever so B. ever since C. ever after D. ever before46. A. production B. population C. family D. growing47. A. forbidding B. exploiting C. robbing D. endangering48. A. danger B. obstacle C. problem D. element49. A. made up for B. made Up to C. made up D. made up of50. A. properly B. safely C. quickly D. frequently51. A. discover B. to climb C. finding D. measuring52. A. fall to B. fall back C. fall across D. fall away53. A. So that B. So far as C. So much as D. So long as54. A. explode B. develop C. increase D. catch55. A. supporting B. raising C. keeping D. resulting56. A. invaded B. introduced C. found D. given57. A. live on B. feed in C. feed upon D. feed back58. A. activate B. grow C. thrived D. developed59. A. in which B. that C. where D. which60. A. objectives B. planning C. invention D. arrangementSection ⅢReading Comprehension (30 points)Direction: In this part of the test, there are six short passages for you to read. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and mark thecorresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.TEXT AIt is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the lives of the people who operate the new machines and on the society into' which the machines has been introduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry took them out of the household, their traditional sphere, and fundamentally altered their position in society. In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician, warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Friedrich Engels, however, predicted that women would be liberated from the "social, legal, and economicsubordination" of the family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole female sex into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability of mechanization 's effects, but they agreed that it would transform women's lives.Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations as the spinning jenny, the sewing machine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resulted in equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation of women's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics. It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previously seen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880% created a new class of "deadened" jobs, thenceforth considered "women' s work." The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with he-mechaniZafi6n of housework and an increase in leisure time for these w0men-than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household to the office or the factory, and later 5ecoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-coUar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labor ~remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that technology is always inherently revolutionary in its effects on society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of women both in the labor market and in the home.61. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. The effects of the mechanization of women's work have not borne out the frequently held assumption that new technology is inherently revolutionary.B. Recent studies have shown that mechanization revolutionizes a society's traditional values and the customary roles of its members~C. Mechanization has caused the nature of women's work change since the Industrial Revolution.D. The mechanization of work creates whole new classes of jobs that did not previously exist.62. The author, mentions all of the following inventions as examples of dramatic technological innovations EXCEPT theA. sewing machineB. vacuum cleanerC. typewriterD. telephone63. It can be inferred from the passage that, before the Industrial Revolution, the majority of women's work was done in which of the following settings?A. Textile mills.B. Private households.C. Offices.D. Factories.64. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would consider which of the following to be an indication of a fundamental alteration in the conditions of women's work?A. Statistics showing that the majority of women now occupy white-collar positions.B. Interviews with married men indicating that they are now doing some household tasks.C. Surveys of the labor market documenting the recent creation of a new class of jobs in electronics in which women workers outnumber men four to one.D. Census results showing that working women's wages and salaries are, on the average, ashigh as those of working men.65. The passage states that, before the twentieth century, which of the following was true of many employers?A. They did not employ women in factories.B. They tended to employ single rather than married women.C. They employed women in only those jobs that were related to women's traditional household work.D. They resisted technological innovations that would radically change women's roles in the family.TEXT BPhilosophy in the second half of the 19tb century was based more on biology and history than on mathematics and physics. Revolutionary thought drifted away from metaphysics and epistemology and shifted more towards ideologies in science, politics, and sociology. Pragmatism became the most vigorous school of thought in American philosophy during this time, and it continued the empiricist tradition of grounding knowledge on experience and stressing the inductive procedures of experimental science. The three most important pragmatists of this period were the American philosophers Charles Peirce (1839-1914), considered to be the first of the American pragmatists, William James (1842-1910), the first great American psychologist, and John Dewey (1859 ~ 1952), who further developed the pragmatic principles of Peirce and James into a comprehensive system of thought that he called "'experimental naturalism", or "instrumentalism".Pragmatism was generally critical of traditional western philosophy, especially the notion that there are absolute truths and absolute values. In contrast, Josiah Royce (1855 - 1916), was a leading American exponent of idealism at this time, who beli~.,ved in an absolute truth and held that human thought, and the external world were unified. Pragmatism called for ideas and theories to be tested in practice, assessing whether the), produced desirable or undesirable results. Although pragmatism was popular for a time in Europe, most agree that it epitomized the American faith in know-how and practicality, and the equally American distrust of abstract theories and ideologies. Pragmatism is best understood in its historical and cultural context. It arose during a period of rapid scientific advancement, industrialization, and material progress; a time when the theory of evolution suggested to many thinkers that humanity and society are in a perpetual state of progress. This period also saw a decline in traditional religious beliefs and values. As a result, it became necessary t6 rethink fundamental ideas about values, religion, science, community, and individuality. Pragmatists regarded all theories and institutions as tentative hypotheses and solutions. According to their critics, the pragmatist's refusal to affirm any absolutes carried negative implications for society? challenging the foundations of society's institutions.66. What is this passage primarily about?A. The evolution of philosophy in the second half of the 19tu century.B. The three most important American pragmatists of the late 19a century.C. The differences between pragmatism and traditional western philosophy.D. American pragmatism.67. Which of the following is true?A. Idealism was an important part of the pragmatic approach.B. "Pragmatism" was also known as "traditional western philosophy".C. Pragmatism continued the empiricist tradition.D. Pragmatism is best understood independently o~ its historical and cultural context.68. According to the passage, pragmatism was more popular in America than Europe, becauseA. Americans had ~eater acceptance of the theory of evolutionB. it epitomized the American faith in know-how and practicalityC. Europe had a more traditional society based on a much longer historyD. industrialization and material progress was occurring at a faster pace in America at that time69. All of the following are true EXCEPT ..A. revolutionary thought shifted more towards ideologies in science, politics and sociologyB. pragmatists regarded all theories and institutions as tentative hypotheses and solutionsC. Josiah Royce was not a pragmatistD. pragmatism was based on the theory of evolution70. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A. Josiah Royce considered Charles Peirce to be challenging the foundations of society's institutions.B. Charles Peirce considered Josiah Royce to be too influenced by the theory of evolution.C. John Dewey would not have developed his system of thought called "experimental naturalism" or "instrumentalism" without the pioneering work of Charles Peirce and William James.D. Josiah Royce was a revolutionary thinker.TEXT CMass transportation revised the social and economic fabric of the American city in three fundamental ways. It catalyzed physical expansion, it sorted out people and land uses, and it accelerated the inherent instability of urban life. By opening vast areas of unoccupied land for residential expansion, the omnibuses, horse railways, commuter trains, and electric trolleys pulled settled regions outward two to four times more distant from city centers than they were in the premodern era. In 1850, for example, the borders of Boston lay scarcely two miles from the old business district; by the turn of the century the radius extended ten miles. Now those who would afford it could live far removed from the old city center and still commute there for work, shopping, and entertainment. The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now "know as urban sprawl. Between 1890 and 1920, for example, some 250,000 new residential lots were recorded within the borders of Chicago, most of them located in outlying areas. Over the same period, another 550,000 were plotted outside the city limits but within the metropolitan area, Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years--lots that could have housed five to six million people.Of course, many were never occupied; there was always a huge surplus of subdivided, but vacant, land around Chicago and other cities. These excesses underscore a feature of residential expansion related to the growth of mass transportation: urban sprawl was essentially unplanned. It was carried out by thousands of small investors who paid little heed to coordinated land use or to future land users. Those who purchased and prepared land for residential purposes, particularly land near or outside city, borders where transit lines and middle-class inhabitants were anticipated, did so to create demand as much as to respond to it. Chicago is a prime example of this process. Real estate subdivision there proceeded much faster than population growth.71. With which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?A. Types of mass transportation.B. Instability of urban life.C. How supply and demand determine land use.D. The effects of mass transportation on urban expansion.72. The author mentions all of the following as effects, of mass transportation on cities EXCEPTA. growth in city areaB. separation of commercial and residential districtsC. changes in life in the inner cityD. increasing standards of living73. Why does the author mention both Boston and Chicago?A. To demonstrate positive and negative effects of growth.B. To show that mass transit changed many cities.C. To exemplify cities with and without mass transportation.D. To contrast their rates of growth.74. According to the passage, what was one disadvantage of residential expansion?A. It was expensive.B. It happened too slowlyC. It was unplanned.D. It created a demand for public transportation.75. The author mentions Chicago in the second paragraph as an example of a cityA. that is largeB. that is used as a model for land developmentC. where land development exceeded population growthD. with an excellent mass transportation systemTEXT DA classic series of experiments to determine the effects of overpopulation on communities of rats was reported in February of 1962 in an article in Scieritific American. The experiments were conducted by a psychologist, John B. Calhoun. and his associates. In each of these experiments, an equal number of male and female adult rats were placed in an enclosure and given an adequate supply of food, water, and other necessities. The rat populations were allowed to increase. Calhoun knew from experience approximately how many rats could live in the enclosures without experiencing .stress due to overcrowding. He allowed the population to increase to approximately twice this number. Then he stabilized the population by removing offspring that were not dependent on their too: hers. He and his associates then carefully observed and recorded behavior in these overpopulated communities. At the end of their experiments, Calhoun and his associates were able to conclude that overcrowding causes a breakdown in the normal social relationships among rats, a kind of. social disease. The rats in the experiments did not follow the same patterns of behavior as rats would in a community without overcrowding. .The females in the rat population were the most seriously affected by the high population density: They showed deviant maternal behavior: they did not behave as mother rats normally do. In fact, many of the pups, as rat babies are called, died as a result of poor maternal care. For example, mothers sometimes abandoned their pups, and, without their mothers’ care, the pups died. Under normal conditions, a mother rat would not leave her pups alone to die. However, the experiments verified that in overpopulated communities, mother rats do not behave normally. Their behavior may be considered pathologically diseased.The dominant males in the rat population" were the least affected by overpopulation. Each of these strong males claimed an area of the enclosure as his own. Therefore, these individuals did not experience the overcrowding in the same way as the other rats did. The fact that the dominant males had adequate space in which to live may explain why they were not as seriously affected by overpopulation as the other rats. However, dominant males did behavepathologically at times. Their antisocial behavior consisted of attacks on weaker male, female, and immature rats. This deviant behavior showed that even though the dominant males had enough living space, they too were affected by the general overcrowding in the enclosure.Non-dominant males in the experimental rat communities also exhibited deviant social behavior. Some withdrew completely; they moved very little and ate and drank at times when the other rats were sleeping in order to avoid contact with them. Other non-dominant males were hyperactive; they were much more active than is normal, chasing~ other rats and fighting each other. This segment of the rat population, tike all the other parts, was affected by the overpopulation. The behavior of the non-dominant males and of the other components of the rat population has parallels in human behavior. People in densely populated areas exhibit deviant behavior similar to that of the rats in Cal hour,)s experiments. In large urban areas such as New York, London, Mexican City, and Cairo, there are abandoned children. There are cruel, powerful individuals, both men and women. There are also people who withdraw and people who become hyperactive. The quantity of other forms of social pathology such as murder, rape, and robbery also frequently occur in densely populated human communities. Is the principal cause of these disorders overpopulation? Calhoun's experiments suggest that it might be. In any case, social scientists and city planners have been influenced by the results of this series of experiments.76. Paragraph 1 is organized according toA. reasons B examples C. examples D. definition77. Calhoun stabilized the rat populationA. when it was double the number that could live in the enclosure without stressB. by removing young ratsC. at a constant number of adult rats in the enclosureD. all of the above are correct78. Which of the following inferences CANNOT be made from the information in Para. 1A. Calhoun's experiment is still considered important today.B. Overpopulation causes pathological behavior in rat populations.C. Stress does not occur in rat communities unless there is overcrowdingD. Calhoun had experimented with rats before.79. Which of the following behavior didn't happen in this experiment?A. All the male rats exhibited pathological behavior.B. Mother rats abandoned their pups.C. Female rats showed deviant maternal behaviorD. Mother rats left their rat babies alone.80. The main idea of the paragraph three is thatA. dominant males had adequate living spaceB. dominant males were not as seriously affected by overcrowding as the other ratsC. dominant males attacked weaker ratsD. the strongest males are always able to adapt to bad conditionsTEXT EMurovyovka Nature Park, a private nature resize, is the result of the vision and determination of one man, Sergei Smirenski. The Moscow University Professor has gained the support of international funds as well as local officials, businessmen and Collective farms.Thanks to his efforts, the agricultural project is also under way to create an experimental farm to teach local farmers how to farm without the traditionally heavy use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Two Wisconsin farmers, Don and Ellen Padley, spent last summer preparing land in Tanbovka district, where the park is located, and they will return this summer to plant it。

2012年经济类专业学位联考(综合能力)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2012年经济类专业学位联考（综合能力）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 逻辑推理 2. 逻辑推理 3. 写作逻辑推理1．高校2011年秋季入学的学生中有些是免费的师范生。

所有的免费师范生都是家境贫寒的。

凡家境贫寒的学生都参加了勤工助学活动。

如果以上陈述为真，则以下各项必然为真，除了：A．2011年秋季人学的学生中有人家境贫寒。

B．凡没有参加勤工助学活动的学生都不是免费师范生。

C．有些参加勤工助学活动的学生是2011年秋季入学的。

D．有些参加勤工助学活动的学生不是免费师范生。

E．凡家境富裕的学生都不是免费师范生。

正确答案：D解析：题干断定分别为：①高校2011年秋季入学的学生中有些是免费的师范生。

②所有的免费师范生都是家境贫寒的。

③凡家境贫寒的学生都参加了勤工助学活动。

由①②可得：④2011年秋季入学的学生中有人家境贫寒，A项必然为真；由②③可知，⑤所有免费师范生都参加了勤工俭学，进一步可以推出没有参加勤工俭学就不是免费师范生，B项必然为真。

由①⑤推知有些勤工助学的是2011年秋季入学，C项必然为真。

由②得家境富裕一定不是免费师范生，E项必然为真。

D项由题干推不出，可真可假。

2．捐助希望工程的动机，大多是社会责任，但也有的是个人功利，当然，出于社会责任的行为，并不一定都不考虑个人功利。

对希望工程的每一项捐款，都是利国利民的善举。

如果以上陈述为真，则以下哪项不可能为真?A．有的行为出于社会责任，但不是利国利民的善举。

B．所有考虑个人功利的行为，都不是利国利民的善举。

C．有的出于社会责任的行为是善举。

D．有的行为虽然不是出于社会责任，但却是善举。

E．对希望工程的有些捐助，既不是出于社会责任，也不是出于个人功利，而是有其他原因，如服从某种摊派。

正确答案：B解析：由题干陈述“有些对希望工程的捐助是出于个人功利”和“对希望工程的捐助都是利国利民的善举”，可得：有些出于个人功利的行为是利国利民的善举。

2012同等学力经济学真题及参考答案

2012年同等学力人员申请硕士学位学科综合水平全国统一考试经济学试卷考生须知1.本试卷满分100分。

2.请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。

3.考生一律用蓝色或黑色墨水笔在答题纸指定位置上按规定要求作答，未做在指定位置上的答案一律无效。

4.监考员收卷时，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭据），否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。

一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共16分）1. 经济政策的具体目标包括。

A. 经济增长、产业结构高级化、经济福利B. 充分就业、物价稳定、产业结构高级化、收入分配公正C. 经济增长、物价稳定、充分就业、产业结构高级化、国际收支平衡D. 经济增长、物价稳定、产业结构高级化、充分就业答案：B2. 可选择性货币政策工具指的是。

A. 再贴现B. 不动产信用控制C. 公开市场业务D. 存款准备金政策答案：B3. 以下哪一个市场不属于货币市场。

A. 同业拆借市场B. 大额定期存单市场C. 股票市场D. 商业票据市场答案：C4. 根据H-O模型，国际贸易的结果使各贸易参与国之间的要素报酬率，出现要素价格趋势。

A. 差异缩小/均等化B. 不变/不变C. 差异缩小/不变D. 不变/均等化答案： A5. 根据欧盟《马斯特里赫特条约》，进入欧元区国家的财政状况的标准是。

A. 财政赤字占当年GDP的比重不超过3%，政府债务占GDP的比重不超过60%B. 财政赤字占当年GDP的比重不超过3%，政府债务占GDP的比重不超过50%C. 财政赤字占当年GDP的比重不超过3%，外贸逆差占GDP的比重不超过10%D. 财政赤字占当年GDP的比重不超过5%，政府债务占GDP的比重不超过60%答案：A6. 如洛伦茨曲线如图所示，横轴代表人口百分比，纵轴代表收入百分比，以下正确的命题是。

A. 折线OHL 代表收入完全平等B. 直线OL 代表收入完全不平等C. 基尼系数BA B S S S G += D. 当收入分配由曲线ODL 描绘时，基尼系数0<G<1答案：D7. 我国依据国家职能的划分，一般把财政支出划分为。

2012春经济学基础考试大题答案

模拟试卷一四、【名词解释】16、效用：人在消费某种商品或服务时所获得的满足感。

17、利息：利息是资本的报酬，或者说，是资本的价格。

是资本所有者的收入。

18、国内生产总值：是指在一定时间内（一年或一个季度），在本国领土范围之内所生产的最终产品的市场价值总和。

它是以地理上的国境为统计标准，也就是说，GDP不考虑是谁生产的最终产品，只要是在本国的国境线之内生产的，都是本国的GDP。

19、奥肯定律：失业意味着生产要素的非充分利用，失业率的上升会伴随着实际GDP的下降，描述失业率和GDP之间的这一关系的经验规律称为奥肯定律。

五、【简答题】20、简述影响需求的因素。

a.其他商品的价格b.消费者的收入c.人口数量和结构的变动d.消费者的偏好e.广告规模f.消费者对商品价格的预期g.税收21、简述形成垄断竞争的条件。

a.市场上只有唯一的一个厂商生产和销售产品，一个企业就是整个行业b.该厂商所生产的产品没有任何相近的替代品。

c.其他任何厂商想进入这个行业都极为困难或根本不可能进入。

d.该厂商可以根据获取利润的需要，控制和操纵市场价格。

22、简述政府职能的主要内容。

（1）政府建立和执行法律体系（2）政府通过各种经济政策，保持经济的稳定和可持续增长（3）政府可以影响资源的配置，提高经济效率4）政府调节收入分配，促进社会公平（1）收入均等化（2）资源有效配置23、简述长期经济增长的决定因素。

（1）创造和维护和平稳定的环境。

（2）建立完善的法制体系，保护私有财产。

（3）改善医疗卫生和教育系统。

（4）鼓励科学技术的进步。

（5）促进投资。

六、【论述题】24、如果说2008年秋的华尔街金融风暴引发了全球经济的衰退，请从理论上分析政府应该采取的宏观经济政策。

在经济出现衰退的时候，经济增长放缓或出现负增长，失业率上升，政府需要采用扩张性的财政政策来刺激总需求，使总产出增长，以实现充分就业的目标。

政府应该采取的宏观经济政策是：（1）增加政府支出。

2012年华东师范大学金融硕士(MF)金融学综合真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2012年华东师范大学金融硕士（MF）金融学综合真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 选择题 4. 名词解释5. 计算题 6. 简答题7. 论述题单项选择题1．财政分配与信用分配的最大区别在于( )。

A．载体的不同B．体现的关系C．有偿性和无偿性D．运动形式正确答案：C解析：财政分配是国家为实现其职能，凭借政治权力对国民收入中的剩余产品进行的分配，是财政资金筹集、分拨和使用过程的总称。

信用分配：是指通过金融机构的存款、贷款、信托、投资、保险、证券交易、代理等信用形式，国民收入也从两个方向进行分配：一是从资金来源角度看，经营单位的投资资金和周转资金，居民分散的投资资金和消费资金，财政暂时不用的库存资金和国债资金，都可以用信用方式集中；二是从资金运用角度看，经营单位对资金的长期和短期需求，居民耐用消费品的购买需求，国家财政与外汇收支差额的弥补，对外经济交往的资金需求，都可以用信用方式供应。

2．在我国货币层次划分中，现金划入( )。

A．M0B．M1C．M2D．M3正确答案：A3．某公司获得银行贷款100万元，年利率6％，期限三年，按年计息，复利计算，则到期后应偿还银行本息共为( )。

A．120万B．119．1万C．118万D．117．5万正确答案：B解析：100×1．053=119．1万元。

4．下列不属于世界银行集团的金融机构是( )。

A．国际复兴开发银行B．国际开发协会C．国际金融公司D．国际清算银行正确答案：D解析：世界银行集团目前由国际复兴开发银行(即世界银行)、国际开发协会、国际金融公司、多边投资担保机构和解决投资争端国际中心五个成员机构组成。

总部设在美国首都华盛顿。

国际银行家推动的美国联邦货币储备委员会也在此地。

世界银行仅指国际复兴开发银行(IBRD)和国际开发协会(IDA)。

“世界银行集团”则包括IBRD、IDA及三个其他机构，即国际金融公司、多边投资担保机构和解决投资争端国际中心。

2012华师复试考题回忆版

2012年华中师范大学研究生考试已经结束了，我们在此总结华师复试的相关考题资讯，希望对想要报考华师的学弟学妹们有所帮助。

今年华师复试的流程是这样安排的：4月13日，华师报到。

主要是到华师的逸夫化学楼三楼研招办交考试费100元，以及了解其公布的相关的笔试和英语口语及实验操作、面试的分组情况。

其中，交报名费分五个步骤，他们会贴出具体的流程的。

我就约略说说今年的情况吧。

1、进门交100元报名费；2、提交相关的材料，有：①身份证（正反两面）及②学生证（有照片的一面及盖有学籍注册信息的一面，注明：大学四年的八个注册印章必须盖满）的复印件、③大学成绩单（加盖院系及校教务处的印章）、④政审表（院系出具，表格在华师的网页上可自行下载）、⑤《教育部学籍在线验证报告》的打印件（华师会提供相关网址下载）、⑥也可提供各种能证明自己研究潜能的各种背景材料。

（注明：需要提交的材料在华师研究生网站上公布复试方案的时候都会说明的。

）3、进行现场网上信息确认；4、填写姓名、地址、电话、专业等相关信息；5、领取相关表格，有：记录初试、复试分数的表格，体检表(需要自带2寸登记照一张)，调档表。

具体如何填写，会有专人进行指导说明的，你也可以现场提问，华师的工作人员是很好的。

4月14日，最重要的一天！上午8:30—12:00 英语口语（30分），分组抽话题进行考核。

话题据说有10个，是全英文的题目，我们互相统计了一下，今年的话题有：1、健康的生活方式；2、因特网与电脑对我们的生活有哪些影响？请具体阐述；3、大学里印象最深的事情；4、你认为兼职对大学生好不好，如何兼顾兼职与学习（同学提供的——老师的相关问题是：你找过兼职没？如果有，你希望做哪种兼职？）；5、你以后会选择生几个小孩？为什么？6、有人说：在校外接受的教育作用更大，你是否同意这个观点。

（我抽到的就是这个话题，最后老师问了一句，那你在学校能学到什么呢？我就拿化学为例，说我们可以学到最基本的实验原理及操作，学会如何使用仪器等等）7、研究生期间的计划。

2012经济师考试试题

2012经济师考试试题第一部分：选择题（共50题，每题2分，共100分）1.经济学是研究什么的学科？a.政治b.人类行为c.职业技能d.社会学（参考答案：b）2.市场需求量是由什么决定的？a.价格b.供给量c.消费者收入d.政府政策（参考答案：c）3.以下哪种经济制度是以政府为中心的？a.市场经济b.计划经济c.社会主义经济d.资本主义经济（参考答案：b）4.利率是什么？a.生产力b.货币政策c.报酬率d.投资回报率（参考答案：c）......第二部分：简答题（共4题，每题25分，共100分）问题1：请简述货币政策对经济的影响。

（参考答案：货币政策是指中央银行通过调整利率和货币供应量来影响经济的政策。

当货币政策紧缩时，中央银行会提高利率并减少货币供应量，从而抑制通货膨胀并降低消费和投资。

相反，当货币政策宽松时，中央银行会降低利率并增加货币供应量，以刺激经济增长和增加投资。

因此，货币政策对经济的影响主要体现在通货膨胀、利率、投资和经济增长方面。

）问题2：请简述市场需求和市场供给之间的关系。

（参考答案：市场需求和市场供给是决定市场价格和交易量的关键因素。

市场需求是指在一定时期内消费者愿意购买的一种商品或服务的数量。

市场供给是指在同一时期内卖方愿意出售的一种商品或服务的数量。

当市场需求增加时，价格通常会上涨，因为消费者对该商品或服务的需求超过了供给量。

相反，当市场需求减少时，价格通常会下降，因为供给量超过了消费者的需求。

因此，市场需求和市场供给之间存在着相互关系，决定了市场平衡点的位置。

）问题3：请简述市场经济和计划经济之间的区别。

（参考答案：市场经济是以市场为基础，通过供求关系来决定资源配置和价格形成的经济制度。

在市场经济中，个体或企业可以自由决定生产和消费行为，市场价格的浮动也会引导资源的流动和配置。

相反，计划经济是以政府为中心，通过中央计划来统一决定资源配置和价格形成的经济制度。

在计划经济中，政府通过制定计划来指导生产和消费行为，市场价格的浮动受到限制。