并列连词和从属连词

一、并列连词：

一）常见的表示语义延伸的并列连词有：

1. and

Justice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。

2. neither... nor

She could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。

3. both... and

A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。

4. not only... but also

We should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。

5. as well as

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。

二）表示选择的并列连词有：

1. or

You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。

2. either... or

I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。

除了表示选择外，or和either... or还可以表示否定的条件：

1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the

party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。

2) You'll either behave yourself, or you'll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。

三）表示转折或对比的并列连词有：

1. but

He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。

2. yet

The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。

3. however

She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中

精神工作。

四）表示因果关系的并列连词有：

因果：原因和结果

1. for

You'd better put on your sweater, for it's rather cold outside. 你最好把毛衣穿上，因为外边相当冷。

2. so

My sister is expecting me，so I must be off now. 姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。

二、从属连词：从属连词是用来引导从句的。

一）引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：

1. when

There was prolonged applause when he began to speak. 他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。

2. while

We should strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁。

3. as

As (When) he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause. 当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。

4. after

After I visit Shanghai I'll travel up the Yangtze. 访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。

5. before

It would be months before he was fit for the work. 要过好几个月他才能适应工作。

6. since

It is just a week since we arrived here. 我们到这里才一个星期。

7. until (till)

I shall stay here until (till)I've completed my studies. 我要在这里待到学习结束为止。

8. as soon as

As soon as he got well, he went back to work. 他病一好就回去上班了。

9. once

Once he said that, I knew he was lying. 他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。

二）引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：

1. because

He failed because he was too careless. 因为他太粗心，所以失败了。

2. as

As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night. 因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。

3. since

Since(原因)you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。

4. now that

Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away. 你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。

5. considering (that)