paraphrase的技巧

•一：具体化：

•我是一个老师——我是一个英语老师——我是上海环球雅思主教雅思写作的老师•关键：一双慧眼：能够敏锐地找出一个句子中比较笼统的，适合用具体化的思路进行改写的对象。

•In the last century, the first man walking on the moon said:“ It is a big step for mankind.”

•In the last century: In the 1960’s(20世纪60年代);

•Man: American astronaut Armstrong;

•Said: announced

In the 1960’s,when American Armstrong landed on the moon for the first time, he proudly announced that it was a great step for the mankind

•二：单词转换：

•优先转换：动词；形容词

•Food can be produced much more cheaply today because of improved fertilizers and better machinery.

•Produce; cheaply; improved; better;

•Produce-----manufacture

•Cheaply-----economically

•(improved; better)------advanced

•Nowadays, people can manufacture food much more economically thanks to more advanced fertilizers and machinery.

•谓语动词转换：

•英语句子不外乎是两种结构：

•实义动词和be动词结构

•因此可以在什么怎么样和什么是什么之间进行切换来实现改写。

•Many people say teachers should only teach students academic subjects; Others say teachers should also take the responsibility of teaching students to judge what is right and wrong. Discuss the both viewpoints and give your own opinion.

•第一句：teach sb sth :（什么怎么样---什么是什么）

•老师只应该教学生功课（什么怎么样）------教好学生功课是老师唯一的职责（什么是什么）

•Some people believe that it is the sole task for a teacher to introduce academic knowledge to the students.

•下面一句试试看：Others say teachers should also take the responsibility of teaching students to judge what is right and wrong.

•(1)Some others hold that a truly outstanding teacher should be the mentor of both knowledge and life to their disciples.

(2)Some others say the responsibility of a teacher are not just passing on professional skills, but also the improvements of sound judgment

•Although the practice has its benefits, the potential problems should never be ignored.

•Despite the benefits, on no account should the potential problems be ignored.

•(五)加上常用句型：

•Air travel has benefited a lot of people, but it is claimed that non-essential travel should be reduced. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

•People are involved in the discussion about whether air travel should be restricted.

•试一试：Do you think it is better to send criminals to jail or let them receive education or job training?

•开头句：The treatment of criminal has been open to debate in recent years.

•加上常用句型：There is much controversy over whether to send criminals to jails or to let them receive education or job training.(一般的水平)

•Paraphrase 往往是多种技巧的综合运用：

•Some people believe that air travel should be prohibited as it uses up fuel resources and causes pollution. Do you agree or disagree with the statement? You should use your own experience to support your argument.

• 1.具体化

•不好的：critics 或者opponents (反对者)

•好的：supporter(支持者)或者advocator(倡导者)

• 2. 单词转换：prohibit, use up, cause

•Prohibit----ban

•Use up fuel resources-----consume too

•much fuel

•Cause----contribute to

•Cause; lead to; result in

•指A造成B的唯一因素

而现在是一果多因，所以用contribute

• 3. 关键词：and

•And ----as well as

•According to some critics (Some critics argue that), air travel should be banned due to the fact that it contributes to the environmental problems as well as consumes too much fuel.

•Some people believe that air travel should be prohibited as it uses up fuel resources and causes pollution

•Police in Britain do not carry guns. Some people believe that it will make citizens unprotected, but some suggest that it would reduce violence in society. Discuss those two views.

•背景句：In some countries, it is a convention that police do not carry guns.

•加上常用句型：There is a perception that it will make citizens unprotected, while a counter-argument is that it would reduce violence in society.(普通印象)