高中英语第六册(选修)各单元基础语言知识目标

Module 1 Small Talk

一、题材内容与学习目的

本模块讨论生活中的闲谈、聊天(small talk) 内容，目的是让学生认识不同文化背景中谈话时的交际规则和交谈的基本技巧，提高学生的社会交际能力。

二、语言知识目标

1．词汇

（1）单词

informal adj. serious adj. confidently adv. lack v.

advanced adj. nod v. yawn v. sigh v.

prize n. application n. form n. immigration n.

visa n. impolite adj. tidy v. favour n.

reception n. embassy n. certain pron. reply n.

saleswoman n. firm n. fax n. outspoken adj.

motto n. shortcoming n. absence n. systematic adj.

coincidence n. customer n. mature adj. awkward adj.

tease v. typist n. contradict v. pregnant adj.

apology n. cautious adj. acquaintance n. messy adj.

divorce n. fool n. clerk n. haircut n.

anyhow adv. modest adj. brunch n. anniversary n.

hostess n. interrupt v. violate v. function n.

psychologist n. successful adj. imagine v. purpose n.

circumstance n. apologise v.

（2）短语

small talk make friends

(be) nervous about think of

body language look away from

social rules in addition

find out human being

put one’s foot in one’s mouth as a consequence

cheer sb. up leave out

(be) aware of take the lead

show off

2．语法：学习和区别didn’t need to do和needn’t have done的用法。

这两种结构都表示过去不必做某事，但didn’t need to do通常表示“没必要，实际上也没做某事”；而needn’t have done则表示“虽然没必要，但已经做了某事”。例如：

I didn’t need to get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9:00 a.m.

I needn’t have got there so early because she didn’t come until 10:00.

3．功能：表达有义务和无义务。例如：

You must arrive on time at a party.

You have to arrive on time at a party.

You mustn’t take yellow flowers for the host.

You don’t have to take yellow flowers for the host.

You don’t have to take a gi ft.

You don’t need to take a gift.

4．话题：社交技巧。

Module 2 Fantasy Literature

一、题材内容与学习目的

本模块的主题是幻想小说，阅读课文节选自著名幻想小说His Dark Materials。要求学生掌握相关词汇，培养叙述故事梗概等技能，并提高对中外幻想文学、电影的鉴赏力。

二、语言知识目标

1．词汇

（1）单词

hero n. novel n. behave v. bush n.

hesitate v. doubt n. direction n. bite v.

arch v. tail n. alarm n. sniff v.

edge n. square adj. shape n. level adj.

bare adj.bend v. dream v. awake adj.

marry v. cottage n. punish v. appeal n.

cafeteria n. envelope n. literary adj. bond n.

output n. schoolchildren n. typewriter n. stateswoman n.

gifted adj. roots n. flesh n. format n.

anecdote n. draft n. burden n. swift adj.

stubborn adj. overcome v. adjustment n. automatic adj.

target n. curriculum n. distribute v. accumulate v.

deposit n. thus adv. attain v. status n.

sorrow n. ought v. magical adj. power n.

possess v.

（2）短语

play an important part in put down

hold out come up to

turn away sweep over

keep one’s eyes on fix on

cast about (be) laden with

look around for put a spell on

(be) associated with appeal to sb.

(be) restricted to ahead of

look back over one’s shoulder catch a glimpse of

set out

2．语法：动词的-ing形式作状语

（1）作时间状语：表示时间，多置于句首，也可置于句末。例如：

Walking in the street, I met a friend of mine.

Be careful when crossing the road.

Don’t laugh while eating.

Before going abroad, he studied in Peking University.

After watching TV, he went to bed.

On arriving in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.

（2）作原因状语：表示原因，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。例如：

Being ill, he didn’t go to school.

She rang him up, hoping to get his support.

The boy, being very polite, was loved by many teachers.

（3）作条件状语：表示条件，多置于句首。例如：