2020年剑桥商务英语考试(中级)标准预测试卷：完成句子

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12月BEC中级真题及答案

12月BEC中级真题及答案报考bec的同学们其实不用太过于焦虑，只要大家把握好时间，好好复习，是会顺利通过的，为了方便大家备考，下面小编给大家带来2020年12月BEC中级真题及答案。

BEC中级考试真题及答案阅读部分：Part1:1.新西兰有名的乳业公司的发展。

2.好像讲的是公司策略什么的，A是某公司开始从生物科技向什么方向逐渐转型吧。

Part2:1.IT行业需要知道消费者的需求。

Part3:1.讲诉一个公司由于没找好领导而频临破产，最后又起死回生的事儿。

2. 第三部分是谁谁谁担任某公司CEO，然后业绩不好还是怎样，最后董事会让他做chairman了。

Part4:1.完型：MBA专业薪金看涨2.完型感觉考的是词汇搭配，说的是考MBA的人越来越多，他们付出的钱和日后赚的钱比较，还说什么大型公司招聘的时候，比较喜欢招聘具有MBA能力的人，记得一个cost 后面填的就不知道应该是overcome还是overbalance，还有一个是绝大多数的表达a()marjority of 选项是expand wide vast big。

BEC中级考试真题及答案写作部分：小作文：You are a human resouce management.Your company needs 3 staff to work at its Head Office for 6 months._xplaning why the staff are needed at the Head Office_aying what the work will involve_elling staff what to do if they are interested大作文：1.写作第二题是回一封邮件。

大致意思是我们公司要买security computer software，有个叫paul的sales manager毛遂自荐说他们公司的产品好，然后我要回信给他们问software是否适用于所有computer，然后对他们产品24小时服务的这个feature很满意，要问他们打几折，然后与paul约时间再进行深入的了解做生意。

2020年剑桥商务英语BEC中级阅读模拟试题及答案

2020年剑桥商务英语BEC中级阅读模拟试题及答案 ELECTRICITY： WEALTH, MONEY, POWERCanadian industries have prospered for more than a century on the country’s abundance of cheap, reliable electrical power. ____ example ____. In fact, Canada consumes more electricity on a per person basis than any country except for Norway ____ 8 ____Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada. ____ 9 ____ But in the 1970s , Canadian exports rose sharply to address the U. S. demand for cheaper and more reliable.In 1985, exports of Canadian electrical power reached 1,400 million US dollars ____. 10 ____. Net electricity exports account for more than 60% of Canada’s balance of trade.Domestically, Canada continues to generate electrical power, primarily from water ____ 11 ____ Exports ofelectricity are now subject to forces far beyond the control of utility managers ____ 12 ____Example： BA. Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other industrial nations.B. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy-intensive industries such as mining.C. It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U. S. and Russia.D. Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million US dollars every year in the 1960s.E. Two large nuclear power plants began to generate electricity.F. Since then, electricity’ exports have declined but they have continued to exceed 700 million US dollars.G. Environmental and trade policies all influence electrical production and trade.H. Canada and the U. S. imported and exported power in almost equal measures after 1901.I. Therefore, the Canadian government has little influence on these forces.参考答案：8.C 9. H 10. F 11. A 12. G。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级阅读理解预测试题

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级阅读理解预测试题2020年商务英语考试BEC中级阅读理解预测试题For each blank(8-12),mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.34、?Read the extract below from an article about Bankers’bonuses．Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps．For each gap(34-38)，mark one letter(A—G)on your Answer Sheet．Do not use any letter more than once．There is an example at the beginning(0)．Bankers’BonusesLord Myners, the City minister, is allegedly worth ￡30m ( $ 47m). He is an unlikely tribune of the people. (0) G Derivatives traders are not footballers with unique talents and "should not be paid as though they are", he said last month.More recently he has railed against " market failure" ; accusing big clients of investment banks of not challenging the fees and margins they are charged. (8)____________Lack of transparency makes them seem the more villainous. "The nation is angry about this. I'm angry," says LordMyners.(9)____________"We are not an incomes regulator," says Hector Sants, chief executive of the Financial Services Authority (FSA). The watchdog's only sanction is to demand more regulatory capital from those banks whose pay policies appear to be putting their firms at greater risk.The Treasury could influence matters at RBS and Lloyds Banking Group, two big banks in which it has substantialshareholdings, but is reluctant to micromanage.( 10 )____________The government worries that any attack on bankers'pay could drive financiers offshore, depriving the exchequer of much revenue. City bonuses, which dropped from 10 billion in 2007 to ￡ 4 billion in 2008, could bounce back to ￡ 6 billion this year, says the Centre for Economic and Business Research (CEBR) ," a consultancy.They mirror the health of a financial-services sectorthat in the good times brought in up to 67 billion in annual tax revenues, estimates PwC, an accounting firm. This fiscal year the figure could drop to 39 billion, says Douglas McWilliams at the CEBR, although banks'recently buoyant business may increase it. (11)____________So could theslightly softer option of preventing banks from offsetting past losses against future tax bills.The reluctance to bash bankers'bonuses stems from recognition that wholesale finance is a global business. Bankers are highly mobile, says Marcus Agius, chairman of Barclays. He argues that banks in Britain must be free to pay as much as those elsewhere, but says he is "agnostic" about what that level should be. National and international proposals to reform pay at regulated financial firms are similarly agnostic. They mostly do not spell out how much public disclosure thereshould be of big pay packages, other than those for board members. (12) ____________It requires a detailed breakdown of the remuneration of "employees whose actions have a material impact on the risk exposure of the firm" Yet that measure is unlikely to be implemented, even though the big British banks and the London-based operations of global investment banks have agreed to it.The FSA, for its part, is not bothered about public disclosure as long as it has the information itself.Sir David Walker, a former central banker charged with an official review of bank-governance practices, has suggested that bands of remuneration for heavy hitters outside the boardroom be disclosed. It seems that banks, in the absence of much more than appeals to their better nature, will be setting their own benchmarks as and when they please. Barclays began a review of its remuneration policies in 2008. It remains unfinished.A．But such attempts at mqral suasion are not working，and those in authority seem reluctant to do more．B．A windfall tax on profits，discussed by both government and opposition，might put any recovery at risk．C．The opportunity to take an equity position at a bargain price has been missed．D．The crisis does not seem to have affected the way bankers are rewarded．E．An exception is the communiqu6 from the Group of20(G20)big countries in SeptemberF．There was not a murmur when RBS hired a head trader for a rumoured￡7m in total．G．Yet．he has been sounding off more vociferously thanhis colleagues about“unac．ceptable”pay deals for bankers。

2020年剑桥商务英语中级写作练习题精选5篇

2020年剑桥商务英语中级写作练习题精选5篇为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，带大家整理一下商务英语中级写作试题,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

2020年剑桥商务英语中级写作练习题(1)关于安全的*SAFETY FIRSTA two-day workshop on Health and Safety in Laboratories was held at the group and regional laboratory in York in March.Staff from factories across the country attended the workshop, organised by ST Training Solutions in collaboration with Evans Wilson from the group occupational health and safety department.The speakers considered the legal and company requirements for safety matters, including risk assessments, accidents and their prevention, fire safety, dealing with spillages in laboratories, and the correct procedures for arranging for disposal of waste.In one of the practical exercises, Evans Wilson ‘volunteered’ to use the emergency shower, to check that it worked properly and to demonstrate that it is quite difficult to remove clothing whilst standing under a torrent of cold water!Says Evans, “the social side of the workshop was enlivened by joining one of the ghost tours of York in the evening, when we heard stories of York’s macabre past!”ST/JKL24 October 20XX2020年剑桥商务英语中级写作练习题(2)Offer of a DemonstrationDear Mrs WilsonThe Ideal Home Exhibition opens at Earls Court on Monday 25 June, and you are certain to find attractive new designs in furniture as well as many new ideas.The exhibition has much to offer that I know you will find useful. We would like to invite you to visit our own display on Stand 26 where we shall be revealing our new Windsor range of unit furniture.Windsor represents an entirely new concept in luxury unit furniture at very modest prices and we hope you will not miss the opportunity to see it for yourself. The inbuilt charm of this range comes from the use of solid elm and beech, combined with expert craftsmanship to give a perfect finish to each piece of furniture.I enclose two admission tickets to the Ideal Home Exhibition. I am sure you will not want to miss this opportunity to see the variety of ways in which Windsor unit furniture can be arranged to suit any requirements.I look forward to seeing you there.Yours sincerely2020年剑桥商务英语中级写作练习题(3)Offer to a New Homeowners提供给新的房主Dear NewcomersWelcome to your new home! We have no wish to disturb you as you settle in but we would like to tell you why people in this town and the surrounding areas are very familiar with the name MG International.。

2020年剑桥商务考试(BEC中级)标准预测口语练习题

2020年剑桥商务考试(BEC中级)标准预测口语练习题In this part,the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn.You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions.21、In this part，the interlocutor asks questions to each of the candidates in turn.You have to give information about yourself and express personal opinions．Questions：(1)Which form of transport would you like to travel by?(2)How do others describe you?(3)Do you think it is necessary to learn to love your job?Why?In this part of the test,you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic.22、In this part of the test，you are asked to give a short talk on a business topic。

You have to choose one of the topics from the three below and then talk for about one minute．You have one minute to prepare your ideas．A：·What is important when…?Choosing new computer equipment·Reputation of the manufacturer ·Service●●B Wha t is important when…? Managing a product ·Communication skills ·Keeping to budget●●C What is important when…? Importing goods for first time ·Cultural differences ·Professional advice●。

BEC中级模拟考试试题及答案解析(2020年整理).doc

BEC-2 Test 1ReadingPart OneQuestion 1-7Look at the statements below and the information about training courses on the opposite paper.Which course (A, B, C, or D) does each statement 1-7 refer to?For each statement 1-7, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.A Loans AdministrationThis course looks at the administrative functions of a bank's loans department, e.g. dealing with credit applications and keeping records of loan transactions. We will use real application forms of the type that administrative staff in loans departments regularly handle. It will be particularly useful for experienced staff with day-to-day administrative responsibility for loan portfolios. Although most clients choose to enjoy our beautiful premises, the course can be run at the client company or elsewhere.B Cashflow AnalysisOn this advanced course you will build up a database of a company's cashflow over time and identify and interpret patterns of change. You will analyze the cashflow of a few sample companies and use your analysis to judge their ability to settle their debts. This course will help you perform an advanced cashflow analysis of your own company.C Loan ContractsOpen to anyone who completed our introductory course to legal contracts in business, this course looks at the legalprinciples involved when a company takes out a loan; and outlines how to take legal action against a company that defaults on its repayments. You will compare the interests and responsibilities of both parties to a loan contract.D Leasing & Asset FinanceThis is a course for those new to leasing. It will provide you with a basic understanding of why companies prefer to lease property or machinery, rather than buy. You will learn about both the expenses and tax benefits of leasing and you will study a variety of lease agreements and the laws relating to them.Part TwoQuestions 8-12Read the article below about a psychologist's advice to managers.Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.Do not use any letter more than once.There is an example at the beginning. (0)The Psychology of ManagementIf overflowing in-trays frighten you or solving problems makes you sweat, there's a new range of business books called The Management Guides that you can turn to with confidence. (0)__G__. In addition, they're written in accessible language by Kathy Harman, a chartered occupational psychologist who heads her own London-based consultancy business. She says that the guides are intended for professionals working in small British companies, where thinking about management can be a low priority because of endless lists of other responsibilities.After this initial message to the reader, the following pages contain sections on every aspect of business, from managing your own time and selecting employees to planning ahead for the future.One of the reasons Harman wrote these guides was that she knows not every business is able to invest in training. The difficulty, especially for small businesses, is that, "People are professionals first and foremost and somehowthey are just expected to pick up management skills as they go along." And becoming one, she recognizes, is especially difficult if you're not used to communicating effectively or delegating work.She adds, "It's all very well managing areas that you have control over and you can do all the planning you feel is necessary, but there are always going to be other people out there who do the most unexpected things,"having good, friendly relationships with all their staff and business contacts. "The important thing inmanagement," says Harman, "is the human element."Her advice to managers everywhere is to maintain professionalism at all times. "If you've ever managed anyone," she says, "you'll know that you're not allowed to be fed up because when the staff come to you, they don't want to know about your problems, they want their problems solved."Harman feels confident about making such an analysis because of her years of training as an occupationalpsychologist. "What you find there is that more senior managers have had some kind of psychological training, while in this country most managers get their management psychology second-hand by listening to other managers."The overall message from Harman is a simple one, and it's got nothing to do with technology or databases.the right staff at all levels, you really haven't got a business. People are your principal resource."A And when they do, managers need a variety of strategies to fall back on.B This, of course, is unlikely to be easy, because being an expert in your field doesn't necessarily make you a good manager.C The question that most of them ask is ,"Can we actually afford a management training courses?"D Although this area of study is becoming more acceptable in the business world, Britain is a long way behind the rest of Europe.E It's about creating a working environment that promotes the well-being of everyone, from the post room to the board room.F This is illustrated at the beginning of each guide with the quote, "This book is for those who would like to manage better but are too busy to begin."G They're short, pocket-sized, and very reasonably priced at '2.99 each.Part ThreeQuestions 13-18Read the article below about effective communication and the question on the opposite page.For each question 13-18, mark one letter (A, B, C, or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose.The importance of good communicationEffective communication is essential for all organizations. It links the activities of the various parts of the organization and ensures that everyone is working toward a common goal. It is also extremely important for motivating employees. Staff need to know how they are getting on, what they are doing right and in which areas they could improve. Working alone can be extremely difficult and it is much easier if someone takes an interest and provides support. Employees need to understand why their job is important and how it contributes to the overall success of the firm. Personal communication should also include target setting. People usually respond wellto goals, provided these are agreed between the manager and subordinate and not imposed.However, firms often have communications problems that can undermine their performance. In many cases, these problems occur because messages are passed on in an inappropriate way. There are, of course, several ways of conveying information to others in the organization. These include speaking to them directly, e-mailing, telephoning or sending a memo. The most appropriate method depends on example, anything that is particularly sensitive or confidential, such as an employee's appraisal, should be done face-to-face.One of the main problems for senior executives is that they do not have the time or resources needed to communicate effectively. In large companies, for example, it is impossible for senior managers to meet and discuss progress with each employee individually. Obviously this task can be delegated but at the cost of creating a gap between senior management and staff. As a result, managers are often forced to use other methods of communication, like memos or notes, even if they know these are not necessarily the most suitable means of passing on messages.The use of technology, such as e-mail, mobile phones and network systems, is speeding up communication immensely. However, this does not mean that more investment in technology automatically proves beneficial: system can become outdated or employees may lack appropriate training. There are many communications tools now available but a firm cannot afford all of them. Even if it could, it does not actually need them all. The potential gains must be weighed up against the costs, and firms should realize that more communication does not necessarily mean better communication.As the number of people involved in an organization increase, the use of written communication rises even faster. Instead of a quick conversation to sort something out numerous messages can be passed backwards and forward. This can lend to a tremendous amount of paperwork and is often less effective than face to face communication. When you are actually talking to someone you can discuss things until you are happy they have understood and feedback is immediate. With written messages, however, you are never quite sure how it will be received. What you think you have said and what the other person thinks you have said can be very different.The amount of written information generated in large organization today can lead to communication overload. So much information is gathered that it gets in the way of making decisions. Take a look at the average manager's desk and you will see the problem -- it is often covered in letter, reports and memos. This overload can lead to inefficiencies. For example, managers may not be able to find the information they want when they need it. Communication is also becoming more difficult with the changes occurring in employment patterns. With more people working part-time and working from home, managing communication is becoming increasingly complex.13. In the first paragraph the writher recommends that communication with staff should include _____.A. some feedback on their job performanceB. an explanation of how company targets have been setC. information on promotion prospects within the companyD. an indication of which duties they can expect assistance with14. According to the writer, the best way of achieving effective communication is to _____.A. adapt the message to suit a particular audienceB. make the content of messages brief and directC. select the most suitable means of conveying a particular messageD. ensure that information is targeted at the appropriate group of people15. What does the writer say about the communication options available to senior manager?A. Sending memo to staff is one of the most efficient methods.B. It is important to find the time to discuss certain matters with staff.C. They should increase the range of options that they use.D. Getting junior managers to talk to staff can create different problems.16. What advice is given about the communication tools made available by technology?A. Aim to limit staff use of certain communication tools.B. Evaluate them in terms of the expenditure involved.C. Select them on the basis of the facilities they offer.D. Encourage more staff to attend training courses in their use.17. According to the writer, a problem with written communication is that _____.A. the message can be interpreted differently to what was intendedB. it can be easy for people to ignore the contents of a written messageC. most people are more comfortable with face-to-face communicationD. it is possible for correspondence to get lost within a large organization18. According to the article, what is the effect of receiving large amounts of written information?A. It is counter-productive.B. It causes conflict in a company.C. It leads to changes in work patterns.D. It makes the main points more difficult to identify.Part FourQuestions 19-33Read the letter below from an agency providing temporary staff for companies.Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.For each question 19-33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.Office Angels Employment Agency14-16 Lockhart RoadWan ChaiHong KongTel: 5324365Fax: 5324111Dear Client,Office Angels is advising businesses to plan as far ahead as possible to ensure guaranteed staff cover during holiday periods. There is now a (19)_____ shortage of skilled secretarial and administrative staff and this is (20)_____ to get worse over the next twelve months.Businesses which require staff with experience of specialist computer applications are the most at (21)_____. You are advised to (22)_____ our agency well before the staff are actually needed to be certain of filling gaps with adequately (23)_____ personnel. If you don't, it's almost (24)_____ that you will be left without the skills needed to (25)_____ your office running smoothly.The (26)_____ for the shortage of secretarial staff appears to be a combination of two (27)_____. There has been an (28)_____ in the demand for secretarial services over the last few years, and at the same time there has been a (29)_____ of students deciding to choose secretarial studies.Office Angels Agency would (30)_____ to emphasize that businesses should not underestimate the difficulty of (31)_____ experienced temporary staff. It is also necessary to make the (32)_____ that businesses should be prepared for the fact that they may have to pay more for this kind of (33)_____ in the future.19.A. hardB. seriousC. sureD. strong20.A. hopedB. wantedC. expectedD. prepared。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试卷练习

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试卷练习填空题1、Finding the right peopleWhen a small company grows, managers must take on manynew roles. Besides the day-to-day running of the business,they find themselves responsible for, among other things, relations with outside investors, increased levels ofcashflow and, hardest of all, recruitment. For most managers of small and medium-sized enterprises, the job of searching for, interviewing and selecting staff is difficult and time-consuming. ___(0) G___. Interviewing, for example,is a highly skilled activity in itself. “We have f oundthe whole process very hard,” says Dan Baker, foundingpartner of a PR company. “In seven years we have grown from five to eighteen staff, but we have not found it easy tolocate and recruit the right people.” ___(8)___. As DanBaker explains, “We wen t to one for out first recruitment drive, but they took a lot of money in advance and didn’tput forward anybody suitable. In the end we had to do it ourselves.”Most recruitment decisions are based on apile of CVs, a couple of short interviews and two cautious references. David Rowe, a business psychologist, studied how appointments were made in five small companies. He claimsthat selection was rarely based in clear criteria. ___(9)___. This kind of approach to recruitment often has unhappy consequences for both employers and new recruits. Small companies often know what kind of person they are looking for. ___(10)___. According to David Rowe, this means that small company managers themselves have to devote more time andenergy to recruitment. It shoul dn’t be something that isleft to the evenings or weekends. Many companies start the recruitment process with over-optimistic ideas about the type of person that will fit into their team. “It’s very easy to say you must have the best people in the top pos itions,” says Alex Jones, managing partner of an executive recruitment company. “But someone who is excellent in one company may not do so well in another environment. ___(11)___. You can never guarantee a successful transfer of skills.”Whatever the cand idate’s qualifications, their personal qualities are just as important since they will have to integrate with existing members of staff. This is where, the recruitment industry argues, they can really help.According to Alex Jones, “a good recruitment age ncy will visit your company and ask a lot of questions. ___(12)___. They can ask applicants all sorts of you with a shortlist of people who not only have the skills, but who are likely tofit in with your company’s way of doing things.”A. A finance director in a big company, for example, will often make a terrible small company finance director because he or she is used to having a team doing the day-to-day jobs.B. More often than not, the people making the choice prioritized different qualities in candidates or relied on guesswork.C. Recruitment would seem an obvious task to outsource, but the company’s experience of recruitment agencies was not encouraging.D. They need paying for that, of course, but you will have them working for you and not for the candidate.E. They are usually in very specific markets and the problem they face is that recruitment agencies may not really understand the sector.F. This means that companies cannot spend more than the standard ten minutes interviewing eachapplicant.G. Yet few are trained and competent for allaspects of the task.2、Questions 8-12·Read the text below about career planning.·Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer sheet.·Do not use any letter more than once.Career PlanningFor many employees, automatic promotion up the ranks of a company is becoming increasingly rare. A new study suggests that, in response, employers need to consider how they canhelp staff develop their careers.Employers need to rethink their approach to career management completely, according to the latest research bythe Institute of Employment Studies. The new study finds that in fact there is little opportunity for individual career development in many large organisations. (example)____.The Institute of Employment Studies makes it clear that it is not good practice for companies to hand over career developmentto individual employees and then simply leave them to get on with it. (8) ____.So how should employers help their staff develop a career? Most employees have come to accept that career development is not always the same thing as upward promotion and a highersalary. (9) ____.They must also ensure that theseopportunities are extended to all their staff and not just to selected individuals.Nick Bridges, who is Director of Human Resources Policyat the Bank of Eastern England, believes there is more talk than action in this area. (10) ____. One way, he believes,for companies to show how serious they are about individual learning is to make it an official part of company practice,as the Bank of Eastern England has done. (11)____. This document, he points out, has made the role of managers clear, and the company has also invested huge amounts of money educating managers so that they can then train their staff.Another company, British Chemicals, has contracted an independent organisation to help staff with confidentialcareer advice. According to John Yates, the head ofIndividual Learning and Development at British Chemicals,there is an important role for outside agencies to play inthe career management process. He adds that it is company policy for managers to give all staff ‘roadmaps’ which show possible career routes within the company structure. (12)____. This has worked especially well, he says, for staff who are used to depending on their line managers for guidance.Many large organisations now recognise that career development cannot be regarded in isolation, and must be part of an overall business strategy. Human Resources has a real role to play in building a strong workforce which meets a company’s long-term business needs and makes it more competitive.A Its policy statement says that by 2006, eighty per cent of its staff will have a professional qualification.B His recommendations go even further than that, and he has called for a national debate on the issue of what should be regarded as a career in the future.C This change of attitude means employers need to place more emphasis on giving staff the chance to develop a range of skills through horizontal job moves.D It points out that employees need to know what the overall company vision is in order to achieve many of these.E The problem that often arises is that, while they are increasingly encouraged to manage their own careers, they are not provided with the knowledge and training to do this.F They are able to see that, contrary to expectations, jobsin different fields are similar, and they can also see how it is possible to cross over to other areas.G Its employees are no longer motivated by these factors alone, and the problem today is matching a person’s motivation with the right job.H He argues that while Human Resources managers are saying the way forward is through self-managed learning and self-development, they are still failing to provide adequate learning resources.I The main reasons for this, it concludes, are the recent cuts in the number of middle-management posts, and the changes that have taken place in the responsibilities of personnel departments.3、Questions 8 – 12·Read the following text.·Choose the best sentence from the list on page 36 to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap 8 – 12 mark one letter A – I on your Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.MarketingIn the past, the concept of marketing emphasised sales. The producer or manufacturer made a product he wanted to sell.____ example ____ . Basically, selling the product would be accomplished by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal selling ____ (8) ____ Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, and related services such as financing, standardisation and grading, and the related risks.The modern marketing concept encompasses all of theactivities mentioned, but it is based on a different set of principles ____ (9) ____ In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer should consider who is going to buy the product ------ orwhat the market for the product is ---- before production begins.Marketing now involves first deciding what the customer wants, and designing and producing a product that satisfies these wants at a profit to the company ____(11)____ This is muchmore difficult since it involves human behaviour.____(12)____ Thus, demand and market forces are still an important aspect of modern marketing, but they are considered prior to the production process.Example： CA. It subscribes to the notion that production can be economically justified only by consumption.B. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product.C. Marketing is as important in today’s economy as the production of goods and services.D. Production, on the other hand, is mostly an engineering problem.E. Such markets must be created and stimulated by managers.F. This is very different from making a product and then thinking about how to sell it.G. More than half the cost of consumer goods can be traced to marketing activities.H. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was actually sold.I. Instead of concentrating solely on production, the company must consider the desires of the consumer.4、Questions 8-12·Read this text on Dave’s dream.·Choose the best sentence from the Opposite page 68 to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter A - I on your Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.Icon Acoustics： Bypassing TraditionLike most entrepreneurs, Dave Fokos dreams a lot. He imagines customers eagerly phoning Icon Acoustics inBillerica, Massachusetts, to order his latest, custom-made stereo peakers ____example____Like most entrepreneurs, Dave has taken a long time to develop his dream. ____(8)____ Dave discovered that he had a strong interest in studio engineering, He took independent-study courses in this area and by graduation had designed and built a pair of marketable stereo speakers. Following graduation, Dave pursued his interest in audio engineering.He landed a job as a loudspeaker designer with Conrad-Johnson, a high-end audio-equipment manufacturer headquarters in Fairfax, Virginia ____(9)____Dave identified a market niche that he felt other speaker firms had overlooked ____(10)____These affluent, well-educated customers are genuinely obsessed with their stereo equipment. ‘They’d rather buy a new set of speakers than eat,’ Dave observes.Dave faced one major problem---how to distribute Icon’s products. He had learned from experience at Conrad-Johnsonthat most manufacturers distribute their equipment primarily through stereo dealers. Dave did not hold a high opinion of most such dealers; he felt that they too often played hardball with manufacturers, forcing them to accept thin margins. ____(11)____This kept those firms that offered more customized products from gaining access to the market. Perhaps most disturbing, Dave felt that the established dealers often sold not what was best for customers, but whatever they had in inventory that month.Dave dreamed of offering high-end stereo loudspeakers directly to the audio-obsessed, bypassing the established dealer network. ____(12)____ “My vision for the future is one where all manufacturers sell their products directly to end user. In this way, even the audiophiles in Dead Horse, Alaska, can have access to all that the audio-manufacturing community has to offer.”Example： I.A. At the age of 28, Dave set out to turn his dreams into reality.B. Furthermore, the dealers concentrated on only a handful of well-known producersC. Who provided mass-produced models.D. The firms tend to plow their money in to developing their products and have little left over to market them.E. Within four years, Dave had designed 13 speaker models and decided to start his own company.F. To serve the audio-addicts segment, Dave offers only the highest-quality speakers.G. It all began while majoring in electrical engineering at Cornell.By going directly to the customers, Dave could avoid the dealer markups and offer top-quality products and service at reasonable price.H. This niche consisted of “audio-addicts”----people who love to listen to music and appreciate first-rate stereo equipment.I. He sees sales climbing , cash flowing, and hundreds of happy workersStriving to produce top-quality products that delight Icon’s customers.5、Questions 8-12·Read the text below about the management of documents.·Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.·Do not use any letter more than once.How do you improve white collar productivity?For many years, technological development was thought to be the key to improving productivity in the office. In the 1980s cheap small computers first appeared on desktops. (example)________ The power of personal computers has increased dramatically, and the uses of software have expanded too. Companies both large and small have spent large sums of money on improving office computer facilities.(8)________.It seems that business has failed to apply the developments in technology to greater effect, to increase the amount of time which office workers have available for non-routine tasks. To do this, we need to understand how information is processed in business ventures. Typically, information is first gathered, then processed, and finally produced in its changed form as output.(9) ________. Increasingly complex programs have been invented, to feed ever more powerful processing systems. But what about output? A recent study by an American management institute shows that the processing of documents takes up 60% of office workers’ time, 40% of labour costs and up to 10% of business income.(10) ________. In fact, the international companies studied for the research show that this breakdown is true world-wide, wherever the company operates.Taking these findings into account, the management of documents has become extremely important. Documents support nearly all business transactions. They are increasingly the way to communicate with customers, suppliers and employees. It is therefore upon document output and distribution that we should focus. (11) ________ Unfortunately, technological developments in equipment for document management seem more impressive than they really are.(12) ________ New technological solutions are needed to tackle the problem, to help drive businesses forward to improve their productivity and output. Only now are we beginning to study business objectives and tostructure technology to suit them. Our company is attempting to understand how people use technology and how it can be applied to business problems.A. These new methods of handling paperwork have already greatly improved efficiency.B. This would be a key way of improving white collar productivity.C.It will help them to make better use of all office employees.D. However, this enormous investment has not improved productivity as expected.E. Laser printers have many limitations, and photocopiers have few applications.F. Most technology has concentrated its attention on the first two of these stages.G. These figures are hardly surprising since documents convey nine-tenths of all information.H. Nevertheless, it is an important way to improve business processes and workflow.I. Since then, these machines have caused a revolution in the way we work in the office.6、Banks and Banking ： Other Bank ServicesA modern bank provides many services other than checking accounts. ____1____If you went to a bank to open a savings account, you would go through almost the same procedures followed in applying for a checking account. ____2____ Then you would be given a passbook in which your initial deposit would be recorded. All deposits and withdrawals from your account are entered into your passbook. ____3____ With a regular passbook savings account, you would be able to withdraw money wherever you needed it. All you would have to do is fill out a withdrawal order and present it, along with your passbook to the teller.All banks pay interest on savings accounts. ____4____ Banks also pay interest at different times. ____5____ Suppose, for example, that on January 1, you deposited $ 1,000 in a bank that paid 4 1/2 percent interest semiannually. By July 1,you would have earned $ 22.50 interest. This interest would automatically be credited to your account; and of you left it in the bank, along with your original deposit, you wouldreceive interest on $ 1,022.50 for the next six-month period. That is, your interest would be compounded.A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months.B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6 percent.C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time.D. One of these is checking accounts.E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card.F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.G. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.H. One can withdraw money whenever necessary.7、PART ONEQuestions 1-7Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page.Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to?For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example：0 This post involves some secretarial duties.0 A B C D1 You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system.2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear.3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds.4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas.5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before.6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization.7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for our global business within specific countries and will have a good understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluentin a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree.DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy. You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office. You will have gainedyour buying experience in women's fashion and will hold a degree in design with a business studies component.LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member. You will need good organizational skills in order to keep ahead of a varied workload. You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential.REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will be responsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration. You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology. Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification.简答题8、Part OneYour company has just opened a new office in the United States. You have agreed to go and work there for six months.Write a memo of 30-40 words to all your colleagues：Explaining why you will be absent;Saying when you are leaving the office;Expressing your wish to keep in touch;Write on your answer sheet.Part TwoYou work for RCT, a company which sells business stationery. RCT is interested in becoming an agent for Novestat, a company which manufactures paper products.Read Novestat’s advertisement below, on which you have made some notes.Then, using all your notes, write a letter to James Dowlingat Novestat.Do not include postal addresses.Write 100-120 words.Write on your answer sheet.9、 Read the article below about the winner of a business award .In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word . It is either grammatically incorrect ordoesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct .If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet .If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra wordin CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet.The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .Examples10、 Read the article below about the winner of a business award . In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word .It is either grammatically incorrect or doesn’t fit in the meaning of the text . Some lines, however, are correct . If a line is correct , write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet . If there is a extra word in the line , write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTER on your Answer Sheet. The exercises begins with two examples , (0) and (00) .Examples。

2020BEC中级考试真题精选篇

2020BEC中级考试真题精选篇BEC真题一Problems in the IT industryIn the information technology industry, it is widely acknowledged that how well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goals will depend not on the regular updating of technology, which is essential for them to do, but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology. This is becoming more difficult. Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.And there is no end to the problem in sight. A severe industry-wide lack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking. Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and, according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems. There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or retraining existing staff from other functions. This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing in more and more consultants on a contract basis. However, this approach is becoming less and less acceptable as the general shortage of skills, coupled with high demand, sends contractor rates soaring. An experienced contract programmer, for example, can now earn at least double the current permanent salary.With IT professionals increasingly attracted to the financial rewards and flexibility of consultancy work, average staff turnover rates are estimated to be around 15%. While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff 'golden handcuffs' - deferred loyalty bonuses that tie them in until a certain date - other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in the private sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover rates of up to 60% a year.But while loyalty bonuses have grabbed the headlines, there are other means of holding on to staff. Some companies are doing additional IT pay reviews in the year and paying market premiums. But such measures can create serious employee relations problems among those excluded, both within and outside IT departments. Many industry experts advise employers to link bonuses to performance wherever possible. However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual's long-term ambitions.This means managers need to allocate assignments more strategically and think about advancing their staff as well as their business. Some employers advocate giving key employees projects that would normally be handled by people with slightly more experience or capability. For many employers, however, the urgency of the problem demands a more immediate solution, such as recruiting skilled workers from overseas. But even this is not easy, with strict quotas on the number of work permits issued. In addition, opposition to the recruitment of IT people from othercountries is growing, as many professionals believe it will lead to even less investment in training and thus a long-term weakening of the UK skills base.13 According to the first paragraph, the success of iT departments will depend onA their success at retaining their skilled staff.B the extent to which they invest in new technology.C their attempts to recruit staff with the necessary skills.D the ability of employees to keep up with the latest developments.14 A problem referred to in the second paragraph is thatA the government needs to create thousands of new IT posts.B the pool of skilled IT people will get even smaller in the future.C company budgets for IT training have been decreasing steadily.D older IT professionals have not had adequate training.15 What possible solution to the long-term problems in the IT industry is referred to in the third paragraph?A ensure that permanent staff earn the same as contract staffB expand company training programmes for new and old employeesC conduct more research into the reasons for staff leavingD offer top rates to attract the best specialist consultants16 In some businesses in the financial services sector, the IT staffing problem has led toA cash promises for skilled staff after a specified period of time.B more employees seeking alternative employment in the public sector.C the loss of customers to rival organisations.D more flexible conditions of work for their staff.17 Employers accept that IT professionals are more likely to stay in their present post if theyA are set more realistic performance targets.B have a good working relationship with staff in other departments.C are provided with good opportunities for professional development.D receive a remuneration package at top market rates.18 According to the final paragraph, the UK skills base will be weakened byA changes to managers' strategic thinking.B insufficient responsibility being given to IT staff.C the employment of IT staff with too little experience.D the hiring of IT personnel from abroad.《Problems in the IT industry》，IT行业的问题。

2020年商务英语BEC中级阅读模拟试题

2020年商务英语BEC中级阅读模拟试题Questions 1-7Look at the sentences below and the job advertisements on the opposite page. Which job does each sentence 1-7 refer to?For each sentence, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.You will need to use some of these letters more than once.Example：0 This post involves some secretarial duties.0 A B C D1 You will be responsible for the operation of a computer system.2 You must be able to forecast what people will want to wear.3 You will be able to work with people from many different countries and backgrounds.4 You will have a qualification which covers two subject areas.5 It is necessary to have worked in this sector before.6 You will need to keep in contact with the headquarters of the organization.7 The advertisement emphasises the need to have a suitable approach to important people.A BUSINESS MANAGERYou will be responsible for ourglobal business within specific countries and will have agood understanding of international distribution, possibly based on previous experience, plus the ability to work in markets that are highly varied in their culture. You will be fluent in a second language, be willing to travel extensively, and preferably have a degree.B DEPARTMENT STORE BUYERBased at our head office in London, you will select and order stock from our suppliers in Italy. You will need to predict fashion trends and build a strong relationship with our Italian office. You will have gained your buying experience in women’s fashion and willhold a degree in design with a business studies component.C LEGAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATORAs head of the legal office, your work will include managing the office IT network, typing reports, diary maintenance and supervision of another staff member. You will need good organizational skills inorder to keep ahead of a varied workload. You will be dealing with senior executives and government officials, so a mature and efficient manner is essential.D REGIONAL LEISURE SITES MANAGERYou will beresponsible for budgetary planning, contract negotiations, local marketing and effective administration. You will communicate frequently with our main office using the latest technology. Your experience could be from any business sector but you should enjoy outdoor life and will ideally possess an estate management qualification.参考答案：1. C 2. B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7C。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试卷

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试卷填空题1、Finding the right peopleWhen a small company grows, managers must take on manynew roles. Besides the day-to-day running of the business,they find themselves responsible for, among other things, relations with outside investors, increased levels ofcashflow and, hardest of all, recruitment. For most managers of small and medium-sized enterprises, the job of searching for, interviewing and selecting staff is difficult and time-consuming. ___(0) G___. Interviewing, for example,is a highly skilled activity in itself. “We have f oundthe whole process very hard,” says Dan Baker, foundingpartner of a PR company. “In seven years we have grown from five to eighteen staff, but we have not found it easy tolocate and recruit the right people.” ___(8)___. As DanBaker explains, “We wen t to one for out first recruitment drive, but they took a lot of money in advance and didn’tput forward anybody suitable. In the end we had to do it ourselves.”Most recruitment decisions are based on apile of CVs, a couple of short interviews and two cautious references. David Rowe, a business psychologist, studied how appointments were made in five small companies. He claimsthat selection was rarely based in clear criteria. ___(9)___. This kind of approach to recruitment often has unhappy consequences for both employers and new recruits. Small companies often know what kind of person they are looking for. ___(10)___. According to David Rowe, this means that small company managers themselves have to devote more time andenergy to recruitment. It shoul dn’t be something that isleft to the evenings or weekends. Many companies start the recruitment process with over-optimistic ideas about the type of person that will fit into their team. “It’s very easy to say you must have the best people in the top pos itions,” says Alex Jones, managing partner of an executive recruitment company. “But someone who is excellent in one company may not do so well in another environment. ___(11)___. You can never guarantee a successful transfer of skills.”Whatever the cand idate’s qualifications, their personal qualities are just as important since they will have to integrate with existing members of staff. This is where, the recruitment industry argues, they can really help.According to Alex Jones, “a good recruitment age ncy will visit your company and ask a lot of questions. ___(12)___. They can ask applicants all sorts of you with a shortlist of people who not only have the skills, but who are likely tofit in with your company’s way of doing things.”A. A finance director in a big company, for example, will often make a terrible small company finance director because he or she is used to having a team doing the day-to-day jobs.B. More often than not, the people making the choice prioritized different qualities in candidates or relied on guesswork.C. Recruitment would seem an obvious task to outsource, but the company’s experience of recruitment agencies was not encouraging.D. They need paying for that, of course, but you will have them working for you and not for the candidate.E. They are usually in very specific markets and the problem they face is that recruitment agencies may not really understand the sector.F. This means that companies cannot spend more than the standard ten minutes interviewing eachapplicant.G. Yet few are trained and competent for all aspects of the task.2、Questions 8-12·Read the article below about job interviews.·Choose the best sentence from the list on the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap 8-12 mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.·Do not use any letter more than once.How to Succeed at InterviewsThe aim of a job interview is to establish whether you are likely to do well in a particular job in a specific organisation. This is not only a matter of having the necessary technical knowledge and skills. You must also have the motivation, the ability to adapt to new ways of working and to a new work environment, and the personality to do the job and fit into a new team. (example)____. These include getting on with people, oral and written communication, teamworking, problem solving and good time management.Most people think that interviewers know what they are looking for and will recognise it when they see it. (8) ____. This applies to recruiters as much as anyone else. In fact a former head of selection at one big firm used to say that “some interviewers are so poor they would do better to rely on chance”.。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟练习题

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟练习题BRITISH COMPANIES CROSS THE ATLANTICNext month a large group of British business people are going to America on a venture which may generate export earnings for their companies' shareholders in years to come.A long list of sponsors will support the initiative, which will involve a ￡3-million media campaign and a fortnight of events and exhibitions. The ultimate goal is to persuade more Americans that Britishcompanies have something to interest them.While there have been plenty of trade initiatives in the past, the difference this time round is that considerable thinking and planning have gone into trying to work out just what it is that Americans look for in British products. Instead of exclusively promoting the major corporations, this time there is more emphasis on supporting the smaller, more unusual, niche businesses.Fresh in the memories of all those concerned is the knowledge that America has been the end of many a large and apparently successful business. For Carringtons, a retail group much respected by European customers and investors, America turned out to be a commercial disaster and the belief that they could even show some of the great American stores a retailing trick or two washopelessly over-optimistic.Polly Brown, another very British brand that rode highfor years on good profits and huge city confidence, alsofound that conquering America, in commercial and retailing terms, was not as easy as it had imagined. When it positioned itself in the US as a niche, luxury brand, selling shirtsthat were priced at $40 in the UK for $125 in the States, the strategy seemed to work. But once its management decided it should take on the middle market, this success rapidly drained away. It was a disastrous mistake and the high cost of the failed American expansion plans played a large role in its declining fortunes in the mid-nineties.Sarah Scott, managing director of Smythson, the upmarket stationer, has had to think long and hard about what it takes to succeed in America and she takes it very seriously indeed. 'Many British firms are quite patronising about the US,' she says. They think that we're so much more sophisticated than the Americans. They obviously haven't noticed Ralph Lauren, an American who has been much more skilled at tapping into an idealised Englishness than any English company.Also, many companies don't bother to study the market properly and think thatBECause something's successful in the UK, it's bound to be successful over there. You have to look at what you can bring them that they haven't already got. On the whole, American companies are brilliant at the mass, middle market and people who've tried to take them on at this level have found it very difficult.'。

2020年剑桥商务英语BEC中级标准预测试题：阅读理解

2020年剑桥商务英语BEC中级标准预测试题：阅读理解READING 1 hourFor each statement(1-7),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.1、根据下面内容，回答1-7题：This classic cross-culture book provides reading passages, culture notes, and discussion topics which focus on values, behaviours, attitudes and communication styles. It features a chapter on cultural diversity in the U. S. , an explanationof mainstream U. S. values with examples which reveal some of the more hidden aspects of culture, examples of cross-cultural differences in a wide variety of cultures, and extensive readings and exercises.BAs a multistand course--organized according to functions, discussion techniques and communication concepts--this text develops the speaking skills of business professionals or business students. It is easily adaptable to differing class sizes, student needs and interests. A special feature of the course is its carefully staged discussion activities which structure and facilitate group partici- pation.CThis series is intended for students now ready toapproach English literature. Each book deals with both theliterary and the language aspects of their texts. Some exercises focus on a personal response, others on discussing literary qualities such as style, character, imagery and ideas. Other exercises concentrate on the development of language awareness in terms of grammar, vocabulary and different styles of writing.DAuthentic texts covering a wide range of topics provide a stimulating basis for an approach of skills and strategies to academic reading. Techniques of skimming and scanning, identifying main ideas, understanding text organization and guessing unknown vocabulary provide the basis for each unit. These are followed by more advanced strategies, such as analyzing a writer's use of time, evaluating a writer's attitude and assessing the degree of certainty in arguments. Each unit ends with discussion topics which lead to a writing task based on the reading texts.It aims to train the students to become sensitive to different styles of writing.2、Students are expected to learn something about American society.3、It mainly focuses on the development of your reading techniques.4、Students are encouraged to participate in group activities.5、Some useful information is offered on how to further your academic study.6、One chapter deals with different aspects of culture in America.7、 The material chosen for the book is from the real life.。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试题

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级模拟试题READING 1 hourFor each statement(1-7),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.1、根据下列答案，回答1-7题。

A.Bangkok rose 2 per cent on the day and 3.4 per cent over the week as buyers moved in to large marketcapitalization stocks. The SET index rose 27. 55 to 1,383. 57 in turnover of Bt 8. 5bn, down from Thursday's Bt 10bn.B.Taipei was pulled lower by late profit-taking in industrials after Thursday's rebound, and the weighted index fell 45. 59 to 5, 806. 77, or 1.7 percent, over the week. Turnover rose to T $41.51bn from T $35. 78bn.C.Manila opened strongly on foreign buying of blue chips but dipped at the close as profits were taken. The composite index fell 10. 07 to 2, 907. 00, 1.3 per cent higher on the week.D.Hong Kong finished a mixed day slightly lower, sapped by profit-taking on confirmation of US renewal of China's MFN trade status and concerns over the lower domestic property market. The Hang Seng index fell 11.58 to close to 470. 13, 1.7 per cent lower on the week.The share prices were influenced by the improvement of the two countries’relations.2、 0ver the week.turnover rose by T$5.83bn.3、 Many people went to buy capitalization stocks.4、 In the beginning many foreign shareholders buy blue chips at high prices.5、 Price was lower after shareholders sold stocks in industrials to make profit.6、 0n Thursday price dropped and then rose again.7、 The falling of composite index rose by l.3 percent on the week.。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级预测试题练习

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级预测试题练习Evaluating the performance of the boardFew employees escape the annual or twice-yearly performance review. (0) .....G......The answer is not a great number. And the smaller the company, the fewer checks there are on how well thedirectors are doing. Some of the largest companies formally assess the performance of their board, but very few new or growing companies have managed to get round to establishing any such procedure.Many business experts believe, however, that it is important for all companies to review the performance of the board. (8) .............Another reason is that the boarditself needs information onhow well it is doing, just as much as other employees do. For the chief executive, appraisal of some sort is absolutely essential for his or her own sake and for the good of the company. Indeed,many of those who have reached this level remark on how lonely the job of chief executive is and how fewopportunities they get to discuss issues relating to it.There is some evidence to show that once smaller companies put a board appraisal process in place, they find this process relatively easy to operate.(9) .............Their counterparts in largerorganisations, however, are often afraid that appraisals could be a challenge to their status.So, how should companies assess their board?(10) .............At a very basic level,this could simply mean getting all the directors to write down what they have achieved and how they can improve on it. At the other end of the scale is the full '360-degree' appraisal. Here, each director is appraised in a systematic manner by a combination of the chairman and fellow directors.In the largest companies there are many methods for assessing the board. A number of such companies have self-assessment schemes. The chairman may meet each board memberindividually to ask how things are going, in a fairly informal way. The whole board might also meet to talk about its progress in open session. (11).............These might ask for people's opinionson the board's main tasks or on how well the committees are working.Research indicates there has been some improvement in the way the appraisal of board members is conducted.(12) .............The chairman will have been involved directly or indirectly in theappraisal of all members of the board. Whose job is it, then, to appraise the chairman?A It is often the case that the directors of such companies are even happy to receive criticism, as this can prevent them from making basic mistakes.B The rest of the workforce sees it as unfair if the directors are the only members of the company to escape appraisal.C These are encouraging as they put a limit on the powerof the chairman to assess fellow directors.D Alternatively, questionnaires might be distributed to directors, forming the basis for future discussion.E One issue remains, however, when all the others have been dealt with.F It is generally agreed that it is the chairman's responsibility to ensure the regular appraisal of each member of the board.G However, one wonders how many companies have in place a formal appraisal process for their board of directors.《Evaluating the performance of the board》，评估董事局的表现。

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级预测试题

2020年商务英语考试BEC中级预测试题一. READINGPART ONEQuestions 1-7. Read these sentences and the following new reports.. Which country does each sentence describe?. For each sentence mark one letter (A ,B ,C or D) on your Answer Sheet.Example：the head of state went to China to treat his disease.Answer： B1. the government didn't want to cancel a meeting in its capital.2. This country did something that went against the international aGREements.3. the king declared that he was unable to stop the civil war.4. A fierce quarrel broke out between this country andits neighbour.5. A national budget is going to be approved by the parliament some time in July.6. An opposition .party plans to turn down its enemy who now controlls the government.7. A nuclear reactor aroused the suspicion of the United Nations which sent inspectors there to investigate.A . North Korea announced that it had begun to change the fuel at a nuclear reactor at Youngbyon without the presence of international inspectors, a move that is contrary to international aGREements.B. the Khmers Rouges claimed to have captured the town of Mongkol Borei, in north-western Cambodia. As King Sihanouk prepared to leave for China to resume cancer treatment ,he said he had lost hope of resolving the Cambodian conflict.C. Japan's main opposition party, the Liberal Democrats, said it would try to bring down the minority government of Tsutiomu Hata once the budget is passed by parliament in mid-July.D. the Philippines refused a demand by Indonesia to ban a conference in Manila on East Timor, provoking the worst dispute between the countries for several years.PART TWOQuestions 8-12. Read this memorandum.. Choose the lest sentence from the list A-I to fill each of the blanks.. For each blank (8-12) mark one letter (A-I) on your Answer Sheet.. De not mark any letter twice.. One answer has teen given as an example.MEMORANDUMTo： Filma Williams ,school of ArchitectureFrom ： Ram S. Johnson ,Physical Plant OperationsSubject ： Air-conditioning Installation Costs for East Hall.Date ： 4.4.94As you requested in your memo of March 15, we have studied the costs of installing air conditioning for the seven offices and two studio classrooms in EestHall ...example...Office and Classroom installationEstimates were obtained from three contractors on the costs of covering the offices and classrooms ...8...The work would take about three weeks.BECause the central unit would be installed on the roof, some noise problems might occur during a four-or five-day period...9... Sheet metal work to build out lest in the classes could be done on weekends , and the overtime labour costs of about $1,500 have been included in the estimates.Arrangements were not made to do the office space installation on weekends `.. ... 10... ..Additional InstallationBecause a larger installation, including a more powerful central unit, would be necessary to handle the halls andstairways ,an additional $6 , 000 would be required for the equipment. .....11 ... If this additional work were delayed until a later time, a new central unit would be required along with changes in the pipe way ...12...Summarythe total job for the building would be about $ 35, 000if done at one time. A two-stage installation would cost about $55 ,000. I can get official bids at your request.Example： AA As you suggested, we also sought information on the additional cost of airconditioning in the entrance halls and stairways.B All these three were in the $ 20,000 to $25,000 range.C This later installation would cost about $20,000.D However, class interruption should be minimal.E In the same way, each of these three would take atleast one month.F therefore ,the total cost was this $6 ,000 plus another $5,000.G Labour costs would be an additional S 5 ,000,bringing the total cost of the addition to $11 ,000.H Each faculty member could expect to have workers in the office for about one day.I So faculty members can continue their office work as usual.。

2020年商务英语考试(BEC中级)标准预测试卷：阅读理解

2020年商务英语考试(BEC中级)标准预测试卷：阅读理解For each statement(1-7),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.1、根据下面内容，回答1-7题：Focus on what you do best. This age-old strategy has worked well for Real Networks.Microsoft's main competitor in multimedia software for the Internet. Now, the smallerSeattle-based firm is trying a novel way to contain the software giant. On October 29t",it released the underlying recipe, or source-code, of its Real layer software and will soon do the same for its other programs giving away a big chunk of its intellectual property.BThis may sound like a desperate echo of 1998, when Netscape, struggling in Microsoft's chokehold, published the source-code of its web browser (an initiative that yieldedfew real results until this June, when the first sedous new version of the open-source browser, Mozilla, was released).Yet Real Networks is not playing defense. It is trying to encourage the creation of a common multimedia software infrastructure for every kind of file format and device, thus thwarting Microsoft's ambitions in this promising market.The firm hopes that others in the industry (volunteer programmers, media firms and hardware makers) will take the code, called Helix DNA, mprove it and make it run on new devices, such as mobile phones and home stereos, turning Real Networks'software into an industry standard. Clever licensing termsare supposed to ensure that this standard does not splinter and that the firm still makes money.CIndividual developers, universities and other non-profit organisations can modify the software as they please and even redistribute it for free, so long as they also publish the source-code for their changes. This is a sort of payment in kind, for Real Networks is then allowed to use these contributions. Firms, on the other hand, must pay royaltyfees if they distribute more than 1 m copies of the code.They also have to make sure that their software works with other Helix DNA products. The software's development community already has 2, 000 members. And several hardware makers back the effort. But there are risks. Afraid of piracy, media groups are suspicious of anything that might be related to hackers (although they also do not want to depend on, and pay for, technology controlled by Microsoft). The self-created competition could also hurt Real Networks ifcustomers decide its commercial products, which will be based on the open source-code but with extra features, are notworth paying extra for.DReal Networks' move is another sign that the software industry is going hybrid. Mixing elements of proprietary software, where the source-code is tightly controlled, with open-source programs enable firms to expand a market, harvest the ideas of others and, they hope, still make money. Even Microsoft is edging this way： it recently announced thatpartners can now look at but not modify or reuse the source-code for Passport, its controversial digital-identity service.In 1998 Netscape made a dangerous copy。

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2020年剑桥商务英语考试(中级)标准预测试卷：完成
句子
For each blank(8-12),mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.
34、根据下面内容，回答34-38题：
Coffee is worth approximately $ 50-60bn per annum in terms of world sales. It is a truly international commodity, and today more than 50 countries in the world grow coffee beans. (0)________13 ICO consists of61 governments, 43 of which are exporters and 18 of which are importers. The
organi- zation helps coffee producers and promotes coffee consumption worldwide. ICO esti- mates that world production next year will reach 97. 5 million bags, ll. 3 million bags higher than the current year. (8)________ As the largest producing country, Brazil is par- ticularly important in the coffee world. In1994 Brazil was responsible for 25% of world production, Colombia was next with13.4%, Indonesia had 7.5%, Mexico4. 7%, Guatemala 3.8% and Ethiopia and Vietnam were equal with 3.4%.
Coffee is a tough crop, and can be grown in areas where it is difficult or impossible to grow other crops.
( 9 )________ However, disease is always a problem for coffee production, as we can see in some parts of South America at the moment. ICO is active in educating farmers about avoiding disease and dealing with problems when they occur. The distribution chain varies from country to country, explains Pablo Dubois. In most countries the smaller farmers sell
their crop to a local trader, who then sells it on to ex- porters. There are, however, other distribu- tion systems. ( 10 )________ Some countries, like Vietnam, have special government mar- keting organizations for coffee.
Coffee prices often vary greatly from one year to the next. In 1997, for example there was a large rise in the world price, which was immediately felt by the consumer. Rising prices always result in a drop in sales, which will have a bad effect on those developing countries which are highly dependent on foreign exchange from coffee exports. ( 11 )________
In the opinion of Pablo Dubois, the biggest problem for his organization is to create greater consumer awareness of the different varieties of coffee and different ways of preparing it. ( 12 ) ________ICO is therefore concentrating its promotional activities on Russia and China. It is also encouraging environmentally friendly coffee production, and last year's seminar on coffee and the environment created a lot of interest.
The future looks bright for the coffee industry. It is estimated that consumption over the next few years will continue to rise steadily. New markets like Eastern Europe and China are expected to develop fast.
A．As a result, the membership now represents 94% of all exporters and 60% of all importers.
B．In some of these countries, this can amount to as much as 50% of all export earnings.
C．In North America, most consumers already have above-average knowledge of the range available.
D．For example, frost and wind are particularly damaging to coffee crops. E Larger coffee growers, for example, frequently export directly.
F．The main reason for this is higher Brazilian output as production recovers from weather damage to crops.
G．It is cultivated in mountain regions which can only be reached by animal transport,and in other difficult areas where modern agricultural equipment cannot be used.
__________
35、 __________
36、 __________
37、 __________
38、 __________
For each question(13-18),mark one letter(A,B,CorD)on your Answer Sheet.
39、根据下面内容，回答39-44题：
Working an eight-hour day is a luxury for most professional people. Nowadays, the only way to guarantee an eight-hour working day is to have the kind of job where you clock on and off. Those professionals who have managed to limit their hours to what was, ~0 years ago, the average do not wish to identify themselves. "I can quite easily achieve my work within a normal day, but I don't like to draw。