北外17秋《新编商务英语概论》作业答案

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国际商务英语课后题答案

4. Complete the following dialogues 1. B: I have long heard your great name, and I’m very pleased to see you, Mr. Smith. 2. B: I specialize in Chinese arts and craft. 3. B: please take a look at the itinerary we arranged for you. If there is anything inappropriate, please let me know. 4. B: thank you. We are always doing our best to abide by contracts and honour our word. 5. B: I’m very glad to be of any help. We specialize in exporting chemical fertilizer. 6. B: It’s exactly true. Since our government decide to adopt a more flexible policy in foreign trade, our import and export business has been more active than ever before.
8. B: I hope to conclude transaction with you, as a representative of the IBM. 9. B: Not bad. But sales are down a bit due to the appreciation to US dollars. 10. B: I think it’s just a slump. Thins will improve soon.

北语17秋《商贸英语》作业2

1. The bank which advises the exporter of its receipt of the credit after examining it is called .A. the issuing bankB. the establishing bankC. opening bankD. the advising bank满分：4 分2. In the case of , documents are handed over to the importer upon his acceptance of the bill of exchange drawn by the exporter.A. D/AB. D/P at sightC. D/P after sightD. sight draft满分：4 分3. If an exporter sends goods abroad and only gets payment until the goods are sold, but retains title or ownership to the goods, it is .A. cash in advanceB. partial cash in advanceC. open account tradeD. consignment transaction满分：4 分4. In response to an enquiry, the exporter makes to provide necessary information required by the enquiry.A. an offerB. a firm offerC. a counter-offD. a quotation满分：4 分5. If the importer finds any problem with the goods, he has to contact or take legal action against .A. the issuing bankB. the confirmation bankC. the advising bankD. the exporter满分：4 分6. If a credit is confirmed by a bank other than the issuing bank, it becomes a ___ credit.A. confirmedB. documentaryC. cleanD. usance满分：4 分7. If the offeree finds part of the offer unacceptable, he may come up with his own proposal for further discussion which constitutes a(n) .A. enquiryB. quotationC. firm offerD. counter-offer满分：4 分8. If Volkswagen sold 5000 cars to a country and agreed to purchase goods from list set up by the importer over a period of time up to the value of the cars, it is .A. barterB. counter purchaseC. buybackD. compensation满分：4 分9. The revision of Incoterms in was the desire to adapt terms to the increasing use of the electronic data interchange.A. 1976B. 1980C. 1990D. 2000满分：4 分10. The party whose performance is affected by the force majeure event shall notifythe other party within days of its occurrence.A. 5B. 10C. 15D. 20满分：4 分11. The direct exchange of goods and servies in a short period of time is referredto as .A. buybackB. counter purchaseC. barterD. compensation trade满分：4 分12. Trade terms in the 2000 revision of Incoterms have been grouped in basically different categories.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6满分：4 分13. The exporter in whose favor the letter of credit is opened is called .A. applicantB. openerC. beneficiaryD. principal满分：4 分14. When the contract is made by the seller, it is called ____.A. a sales contractB. a purchase contractC. the preamble of the contractD. the contract proper满分：4 分15. Credits requiring drafts that are not accompanied with shipping documents are called .A. clean creditB. documentary creditC. confirmed creditD. unconfirmed credit满分：4 分1. Thanks to Incoterms, the uncertainties of different interpretations of trade terms in different countries can be avoid or at least reduced to a considerable degree.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分2. A revocable credit, also referred to as term credit or time credit, is one by which payment cannot be made until a specific date or a specific time after date or after sight.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分3. "Letter of credit" is often shortened as L/C or L.C. and is sometimes referred to as "banker＇s commercial letter of credit", "banker＇s credit", "commercial credit" or simply "credit".A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分4. The main reason for the 2000 revision of Incoterms was the desire to adapt terms to the increasing use of electronic data interchange.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分5. Counter trade represents an extreme form of bundling, and money as a unit of account is totally bypassed.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分6. Confirmed credits are those that cannot be amended or revoked without the consent of all the parties concerned.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分7. The purpose of Incoterms is to provide a set of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分8. The stipulations on the back of the contract are not equally binding upon the contracting parites.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分9. The credit is a letter issue by a bank at the request of the exporter.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分10. Written negotiations often begin with enquiries made by the buyer to get information about the goods.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分。

国际商务英语简要和课后答案[1].docx

International Business EnglishLesson 1International BusinessBusiness Knowledge:The major differences between international business and domestic businessA.Differences in legal systemsB・ Differences in currenciesC.Differences in cultural backgroundD.Different in natural and economic conditionsThe major types of international businessA.Trademodity tradeb.Service tradeB.Investmenta.Foreign direct investmentb・ Portfolio investmentC.Other types3.Licensing and franchisingb.Management contract and contract manufacturingc.Turnkey project and BOTTrade Terms:1.Customs area 关税区：2.Conversion货币兑换3.Visible trade 有形贸易：The form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting andimporting goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption orresale in another. (including cash transaction-by means of money and market, and counter trade)4.Invisible trade 无形贸易：The form of transportation, communication, banking,insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries.5.FD1 外国直接投资：Foreign direct investments. Returns through controlling theenterprises or assets invested in a host country. / P.256. One country acquires assets in a foreign country for the purpose of controlling and managing them.6.Portfolio investment 证券投资：Purchases of foreign financial assets for a purposeother than controlling.7.Stocks 股票：Capital stocks or bonds.& Bonds 债券：The papers issued by a government or a firm with promise to pay back the money lent or invested together with interest・9.Maturity （票据等）到期10.Certificate of deposit 人额存单11・Licensing 许可经营：In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the fonn of royalty・12.Franchising 特许经营：Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in thename of another, franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty・13.Trade Mark 商标14.Patent 专利15.Royalty专利（许可）使用费，版税16.Copyright 版权17.Licenser 许可方1& Licensee被许可方19.Franchiser 特许方：A firm who provides the franchisee with trademarks, brandnames, logos and operating techniques for royalty・20.Franchisee 被特许方：A firm is allowed to operate in the name of anothe匚21.Management contract 管理合同：Under a management contract, one companyoffers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular periodfor a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume・22.Value chain 价值链23.Turnkey project"交钥匙”工程：For an international turnkey project, a firmsigns a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing,contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter uponcompletion.)24. |B OT建设、经营和移交:Build, Operate, Transfer25.Expertise专门知识26.Bonus红利、奖金、津贴27.Royalty许可使用费28.International investment 国际投资：Supplying capital by residents of onecountry to another.29.Contract manufacturing 承包牛产3(). GATT 关贸总协定：General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade31.International business 国际商务：Transaction between parties from differentcountries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export・32.Intellectual property 知识产权33.Oil deposit:石油储备=oil reserves34.the reserves of natural resources 自然资源储备35.Personal advancement个人的晋升，个人素质的提高以及个人事业的进步等。

新编商务英语精读4答案

Unit 11.as well as2.expenditure3.has been exposed to4.maximum5.nuisance6.was restricted7.regulations 8.supplement9.is aiming to 10.tempt11. are subject to 12. to ensureDictationAdvertising is a message designed to promote a product, a service, or an idea. In everyday life, people come into contact with many kinds of advertising. Printed advertisements make up a large part of newspapers and magazines. Poster ads appear in streets, on buses and in subway stations. Commercials interrupt TV and radio programs.The purpose of most advertising is to sell products or services. Manufacturers advertise to try to persuade people to buy their products. Large business firms also use advertising to create a favorable "image" of their companies. Local businesses use it to gain new customers and increase sales. Advertising thus plays a key role in the competition among businesses for the consumer's dollar. In many businesses, the volume of sales depends largely on the amount of advertising done.VocabularyGuess the meaning of the following italicized words and expressions from the text.1. b2. a3. c4. c5. a6. b7. c8. a9. b 10. cTranslationI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in theparentheses.1.I reg ard that commercial as one of the worst I‘ve ever seen.2.In a commercial negotiation the negotiators must ensure the fundamental benefit of their company from being injured.3.In order to meet the needs of the international market, the factory is aiming at a 50% increase in production this year.4.In Britain, advertising on television is subject to various rules and regulations.5.These small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in interest rates.6.The cassette tape is broken. Can you splice the ends together?7.Due to the massive absorption of foreign capital and advanced technology, the country has been transformed into a powerful industrial nation in only 20 years.8.After his painstaking management, the company ended up as one of the 500 best in the world.9.All the arrangements of the company were turned upside down by the sudden devaluation of U.S dollars.10.The new international agreement opens up the possibility of much greater co-operation against terrorism.II. Translate the following advertising sentences from English into Chinese:1.超越视觉感受——索尼！2.喝可口可乐，万事顺意！3.一朝品尝，一生钟爱。

17秋北外交际与演讲英语作业01(交际英语第1-6单元)A 答案

第 1 页（共 4 页）Assignment for Socializing《商务交际》作业Unit Three学籍号：姓名：分数：学习中心：专业： _英语______________The total marks for this assignment are 100 points. Time suggested forcompleting this assignment is 1 hour (60 minutes).PLEASE WRITE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE BLANK SPACE PROVIDED.Writing [100 points]Instruction: In western culture, are there any topics we should avoid inconversations? Give at least three examples of these taboo topics. And then makeup a conversation of no less than 150 words based upon the following information第2页（共4页）and your understanding of this unit.a)You are going to work on a new project with a client. He/She is visiting youroffice. After talking about business, you take the client to the pantry(茶水间) for a break. You two then start a small talk about things other than work there.The client is of the opposite gender to you.b)Be sure to keep the conversation “safe”.c)Remember this is a conversation between two persons, not an essay or aparagraph, so please keep your language as natural as possible.Please note that copying from the Internet or any other resources is strictly inhibited.Taboo topics: Religions, politics, salary, age.Liz: Lee,what would you like to drink, coffee or milk?Lee:I’d prefer coffee, thanks.Liz: Here you are.You said you like Changsha very much?Lee: Yeah,I’ve been hearing a lot about Changsha. I’m so glad to be here.Liz:Then what do you think of this city? Is it very different from your expectation?Lee: Umm, I heard Changsha is a fascinating city and now I’m here, whatever delicious foods or friendly people, I think this city is a real fascinating city.Liz: That’s true, I guess you have tasted many special food, right?Lee: Yes,some of them are spicy but taste good!Liz: Sounds good! And if you wanted to visit the city,you can rent a bicycle,that’s a good choice. Lee: That must be interesting! I’d love to.Can you recommend some place to me?Liz: No problem. I always ride a bicycle to visit Changsha.We can do that when we’re back in the office.第3页（共4页）第4页（共4页）。

北语17秋《商贸英语》作业3

1. If you say that a crate contains copper when in fact it contains platinum, it would be against the principle of .A. Insurable interestB. Utmost good faithC. IndemnnityD. contribution and subrogation满分：4 分2. If a person insures twice for the same risk and claims compensation from both insurers, it would be against the principle of .A. Insurable interestB. Utmost good faithC. ContributionD. Subrogation满分：4 分3. The Bretton Woods Conference established a___based gold standard.A. British poundB. EuroC. RMBD. US dollar满分：4 分4. is usually used to move goods of low-value, and in large quantity.A. Rail transportationB. Pipeline transportationC. Water transportationD. Air transportation满分：4 分5. The letter of credit is until December 16th.A. favourableB. invalidC. validD. unfavourable满分：4 分6. If a credit cannot be amended or revoked without the consent of all the parties concerned, it is a(n) .A. revocable creditB. irreocable creditC. confirmed creditD. unconfirmed credit满分：4 分7. ___holds that a person cannot be allowed to insure twice for the same risk, and claim compensation from both insurers.A. SubrogationB. IndemnityC. Utmost good faithD. Contribution满分：4 分8. The proximate cause is the___ cause of the loss.A. indirectB. directC. differentD. indifferent满分：4 分9. ___is defined as the economic movement of commodities and products and the effect of such movement on the development and advancement of business.A. Freight transportationB. Modern transportationC. Ancient transportationD. Water transportation满分：4 分10. ___holds that a contract of insurance is one which restores a person who suffereda loss into the same position as he was in before the loss occurred.A. IndemnityB. Insurable interestC. Utmost good faithD. Contribution满分：4 分11. If there is no specific indication whether a credit is revocalbe or irrevocable, it should be regarded as .A. revocable creditB. irreocable creditC. either A or BD. both A and B满分：4 分12. Under the term CFR and CIF, has been the only acceptable type to be presented by the seller.A. a clean bill of ladingB. an on board bill of ladingC. the ocean bill of ladingD. airway bill满分：4 分13. By paying a premium into an insurance pool, the___earns the right to claim compensation from the pool should he suffer loss.A. assurerB. assuredC. loserD. winner满分：4 分14. In the case of direct quote, the first figure after the fixed amount of foreign currency is .A. the buying rateB. the selling rateC. the medial rateD. the transaction rate满分：4 分15. When inflation intensifies, the value of the currency will relative to foreign currencies.A. dropB. go upC. stay the sameD. either A or B满分：4 分1. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, whereby the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life onto the shoulders of others.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分2. An on board bill of lading indicates that the shipment has been actually loaded on the carrying vessel bound for the port of destination.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分3. Trade would cease if there was no method of insurance available.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分4. The earliest international monetary system was know as the gold standard.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分5. In a normal policy of insurance, the compensation payable is sufficient only to restore the insured to the position he was in before the loss occurred, not to a better position.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分6. When an insurance policy is made out to cover a certain risk, a claim becomes payable only if that risk occurred as the proximate cause of the loss suffered.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分7. A credit can be transferred more than once.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分8. An indirect exchange rate is the price of a foreign currency in terms of the home currency.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分9. In a direct quote, an amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred units is taken as the standard and the equivalent amount of home currency is marked after it.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分10. The indemnity principle is also appliable to life or personal accident insurance.A. 错误B. 正确满分：4 分。

北外17秋《新编商务英语概论》作业答案

第1页（共4页）Assessment for “Guide to Success (3) – Business English”学籍号：姓名：分数：学习中心：专业： _____ _______________I’m so glad that I have learned A Guide to Success at Business English Courses by myself this semester, and I think there are many valuable concepts that are worth learning and applying.In Unit 1, it introduces what is business and what is a business professional, the qualities of a professional, and how to improve our interpersonal communication and build a team. This is very useful for business professionals to structure working plans. And how to manage time and work is important as well. And it gives an illustration about four stages which makes a control loop, proving a widely used model in planning work and allocating resources that we can follow up. Moreover, in making decisions part it shows how to make decisions in different situations, and the special useful techniques to help making correct decisions. It is not only clear but also comprehensive. In Unit 2 the core第2页（共4页）content is international business culture. It introduces the importance of cross-cultural communication and gives a case which is Euro Disney Corp making mistakes to explain the importance of cross-cultural communication. And I have learned what is culture and the key cultural components related to business, including language, religion and attitude. In Unit 3, it describes goals and target learners. There is a general framework of the course, what business areas are covered in the courses, and give me an overview of the course, so that I can make a plan to learn it. And there are also available learning resources. We can also learn how to use them. In the end, there are two learning strategies recommended in the course, which are study plans and practicing activities. So I have gained a better understanding of the Business English Courses .In all concepts, I think Working in a Team and Managing Your time are particularly interesting and insightful to me. Because these two concepts make me be more united and learn how to improve efficiency when I’m working.There are many leaning strategies in the course, and I will apply them to第3页（共4页）my future work. Firstly, I recognized that the importance of team work from Uni t 1. There is an old saying “No one is perfect, but a team can be.” When we work on a new project, the first step is to build a team, and to follow the 6 stages that the course has mentioned. In a team dynamic, effective interpersonal communication among members and successful communication with managers and employees external to the team are critical to the success of the team. Secondly, for a business professional making right decisions is very important. I have learned 5 frequent types of problems and opposite recommended solutions that business professional often run into. Besides, there are some useful techniques, which include lateral thinking, brainstorming, lists and decision tree. I have understood how to use these techniques effectively, so that I can make them become useful approaches in my work. Thirdly, according to the weekly study plan which is provided in Unit 3, and considering my own specific situation, I will draw up a suitable study plan that accords with my real-life circumstances. And then, following up each project strictly is necessary too.I believe that with the perfect structure and my efforts I will make a great第4页（共4页）success during this period.。

新编商务英语精读1答案

1☐Are you ready to start a business?Know what you want and understand what will be involved, including the personal sacrifices. Be willing to devote long hours to your endeavor.☐Have you done your homework? Conduct research to ensure there is a need for your product or service. Be sure market conditions can support your business. T alk with friends, family, and advisers to obtain business information. Government agencies, trade associations and other organizations offer services and programs to help get businesses started.☐How will you utilize your skills and compensate for your weaknesses?Evaluate your personal qualities and skills. Use your talents and recognize the areas you need help with.☐What form will your business take?Decide on a structure — incorporation, partnership or sole proprietorship.☐How will you promote and market your business? Just how are you going to distinguish yourself from the competition?☐What is your pricing strategy?What does the price say about your product (and its quality versus the competition)? Think about what you will charge people for your product / service.Estimate your break-even point and revenues.☐Have you prepared a detailed business plan? It is imperative.☐What funding sources will fuel your enterprise? Secure sufficient financial resources for start-up and operations.☐Where will you locate?Pick a business location that makes sense for you and your customers.☐How will your business operate on a daily basis? How will you deliver your product or service and manage your business? Figure out what you will need for the day-to-day smooth functioning of your business.Reading IIDictationBusiness includes the activities of all commercial producers of goods and services. These producers range from small shops owned by one person to huge organizations owned by thousands of stockholders who have shares in the companies. The word business may refer to producers of the same product or service, such as the clothing business or the ins urance business. An individual enterprise may also be called a business.Comprehension1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. a2. d3. a4. a5. c6. b7. a8. dSpecial use1. equipment2. an assistant manager3. land4. data5. capital6. trade7. wealth8. competition9. service 10.activities 11.quality quantity 12. materials 13. production cation 15.memos16.a space 17.experience 18.advice 19.lives 20.varietiesTranslation1.The crew of an airliner should be responsible for the safety of all the passengers.2.Please distribute these English newspapers and magazines to every subscriber as soon as possible.3.The college has decided on a lecture series and business English majors must be present.4.For additional explanation, please refer to page 58 of the teacher‘s reference book.5.Most people will be interested in what relates to themselves.6.Recently, more and more people have gone into business.7. A businessman who sells goods in bulk is called a wholesaler.8.It‘s reported that nowadays wages are stil l one step ahead of prices.Cloze1. a2. c3. a4. d5. b6. d7. b8. c9. c 10.b11.b 12.c 13.d 14.b 15.dExtended ActivitiesA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the above sentences and find out the words containing the sounds listed below./ i: / : s ee, sh e/ I /: i s, Al i ce, secr e tar y, th i s, off i ce, sh e, l i sten, man a ger, h i s/ e /: s e cretary, w e ll, tw e lve/ < /: th a t, m a n, A liceIII. Listen to the following sentences and circle the word you hear in the parentheses.1) 13 2) 14 3) 60 4) 15 5) 70626) 3041 7) 1662 8) 50 9) 30 10) 17B. Function and Structure1. Greeting peopleComplete the following dialogues1)Tim: Hi!Dan: Hi, T im!Tim: How are you?Dan: Not bad.2)You see a friend on the bus.John: Hi, Jane!Jane: Hi, John.John: What's happening?Jane: Nothing much.3)T wo classmates greet each other on the school campus.Rita: Hi, Mark! How are you doing?Mark: Not so good. I‘ve got a bad cold.Rita: Yeah, a lot of people have colds. It's this crazy weather — cold one minute and hot the next.4)In an officeSecretary: Good morning, Mr. Edwards.Mr. Edwards: Good morning, Mary. How are you?Secretary: Fine, thank you.2. Saying good-bye24. delivery the act of taking or giving something to someone, or the thingstaken or given5. market a building, square or open place where peoplemeet to buy and sell goods6. launch to put (a new product) on the market (usually spending moneyon advertising it)7. company an organization made up of people who work together forpurpose of business or trade8. range a set of different objects of the same kind9. after-sales service service of a machine carried out by the seller for the buyer10. campaign a series of planned activities with a particular commercial aim4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences.1.in other words2. publicity3. is known as4.for short5. potential6. hand (it) out7. viable8. feasibility9. is made up 10. prospective 11.campaign 12. assessing5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrase from the text1.The United States of America is called the USA for short.2.be assessed3.viable4.prospective customers5.placed an order6.in other words6.Word Study1.Prompt: his / role / maintain (v.) / fleet / vans / ready / respond / emergencyModel: His role is to maintain the fleet of vans, ready to respond in any emergency.a. A lot depends on building and maintaining a good relationship with your customers.b.Engineers are carrying out essential maintenance work on the main line to London.c.Critics maintain that these reforms will lead to a decline in educational standards.2.Prompt: government / launch / massive / anti-illiteracy / campaignModel: The government has launched a massive anti-illiteracy campaign.a.After two failures, NASA（National Aeronautics and Space Administration) will try to launch a new space shuttle again on Sunday.b.Modifying current equipment enables them to improve the quality while the product is being launched and its success evaluated.c.Encouraged by its success, the company launched an ambitious plan aimed at increasing the profit by 58 percent a year.3.Prompt: scheme / ex tend / successful / pilot projectModel: The scheme will be ex tended after a successful pilot project.a.The message conveyed by the leadership was that the Three Gorges project will be carried out in two phases.b.The local government will help fund this project, which includes the building of 150 day-care centers.c.Every student should try to project his/her mind into the future and imagine what life will be like then.4.Prompt: window / door / all / fit (v.) / security lockModel: The windows and doors are all fitted with security locks.a.The pants were a little tight at first, but after I wore them a few times, they fit like a glove.b.We've got a match next month, so we've got to keep ourselves reasonably fit.c.Looking at her resume, she should be fit for the sales job perfectly.5.Prompt: company / Darlington / launch / latest / range / electrical goods.Model: A company from Darlington has just launched its latest range of electrical goods.a.After examination the doctor told me that my blood pressure's well within the normal rangeb.It is common sense that in a company only a fairly narrow range of people is responsible for key decisions.c.The temperatures in your kitchen and around your picnic table range from 28 to 33 degrees.Reading IIDictationWe have 3,600 employees worldwide and sales of $ 3,716million. We manufacture nearly 20,000 cars, 3,500 trucks, 888 buses, and thousands of industrial engines. Our position as a major international grou p in 24 European countries and 15 Asian cou nt ries is the result of quality, safety and caring for people and the environment.Comprehension1. F2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. market2. demand3. supply4. law of demand5. law of supply6. equilibrium7. profit8. consumer9. surplus 10.shortageSpecial use1. a2. c3. d4. a5. c6. a7. b8. d9. a 10. cTranslation1.The general manager handed out the important documents to the department managers.2.Cheating customers and evading taxes made up their business policy in those days.3.Mathematics can be called maths or math for short in English.4.This city is known as the dragon head of the economic cooperative zone.5.Although the couple agreed on the price of the furniture they wanted to buy, they disagreed about the style.6.I bought a notebook computer last month but only at a price.7.The parents work hard to pay for their children‘s tuition.8.Your dishonesty was the reason why I had to break off ou r relationship in the end.9.His u ncle chose to settle in the countryside rather than in the city.Cloze1. d2. a3. c4. a5. d6. a7. a8. b9. a 10. d11.b 12.a 13.a 14.a 15. cE XTENDED ACTIVITIE SA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the dialogue and find out which words contain the sounds listed below./ 3: /: s ur name/ K /: Wils o n, initi al, a nd, a ddress, Graft o n, th e, numb er, M r./ V /: n u mber4591011Unit 5Reading I1. Brainstorming: (K ey for reference)Meat & Seafood V egetable Fruit Dessert & RefreshmentPork, lamb, beef, chicken, ham, turkey, fish, shrimp, oyster, bacon, steak, rib, crab, prawn, squid, lobster, cod, mussel, salmon, eel, Green pepper, onion, leek, tomato,celery, garlic, cucumber,cabbage, lettuce, carrot, eggplant, ,mushroom, turnip, pea, potato,spinach,Apple, banana, peach, orange,grape, strawberry, pineapple, lemon,plum, watermelon, apricot, cherry,coconut, pear,Pudding, sandwich, cake, pasta,hotdog, cookie, toast, bun,dumpling, tart, biscuit, jelly, pie,ice-cream, pancake, pastry,hamburger2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1. b2. c3. d4. b5. d3. Give the English word for the meaning provided1. consequence a thing that is a result of something else2. statistic the collection of information shown in numbers3. restaurateur an owner of a restaurant4. processor a person whose business is to prepare food for sale5. marketer a businessman or a firm that sells something in a market6. athletic physically strong and active7. nutrition the process of giving or getting food8. single-parent a parent bringing up children on his/her own9. awareness knowledge or realization10. compile to collect information and arrange it in writing4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1.variety2.skip3. in the moodpile5.favorite6.survey7.awareness8. eat out9.alert 10.consumes5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1.purchase2.consumed3.athletic4.alert5.on the average6.responsible for6.Word study1.a.She decided to become an actress after getting her first taste of fame in a local theatre.b.I ordered chocolate ice cream, but this tastes of coffee.c.I am successful because I have the ability to make things taste and look good.2.a.I have forgotten my wallet in the usual Monday morning rush.b.Joan‘s train was scheduled to leave at 6 p.m., but it was 5:50, so she had to rush in order not to miss her train.c.Dan was rushed to hospital with serious head injuries after a traffic accident.3.a. A list of addresses of suppliers should be contained in all computer manuals.b.The film was banned because it contained a number of extremely violent scenes.c.Sunken waste containers could pose a serious threat over time as they begin to leak.4.a.Better to lose face and be open about not understanding the message, than to lose sleep at night over it.b.The company reported losses of $82 million for the third quarter.c.We are at a loss as to how he came into the empty house.5.a.People interested in temporary working are more likely to choose to be agency workers (代理人员) rather than direct employees.b.She wanted men to believe that she was choosy about clothes.c.All you have to do is to choose the date you want to go on holiday and decide on the destination.d.It was a difficult choice, but we finally decided that Hannah should have the prize.Reading IIDictationBuffets are a very popular way of entertaining, especially for large groups. They may be served as a luncheon, dinner, or supper. They may be formal or informal. Food may be served cold or warm. At a buffet many people can be served in a short time. The food is attractively arranged on a long table. Guests take their plates and choose their food from a variety of dishes. Usually they sit at tables. But at informal buffet s, people eat standing up. If they d o this, they have to eat most foods with a fork or with their fingers.Comprehension1. T2. F3. F4. F5. F6. F7. NM8. T9. T 10. FVocabularyI. 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. a6. d7. c8. d9. b10. DII.121. fun food2. junk food3. preserved food4. organic food5. exotic food6. fast food7. convenience food D. food providing pleasure, amusement, orenjoyment 休闲食品A. bad commercially prepared food with littlenu tritional value and containing few freshingredients 垃圾食品F. food treated by salting, smoking, drying,b ottling, pickling, sugaring so that it keeps for along time 腌制食品；加工过的食品B. food which has been cultivated naturally, withoutany chemical fertilizers or pesticides 有机食品G. food made with foreign materials or cooked inforeig n styles 异国食品E. cooked food which can be prepared, bought andeaten quickly, such as hamburgers, hot dogs,pizzas, etc 快餐C. food which is prepared by the shop before it issold, so that it needs only heating to b maderead y to eat 方便食品Special use1. b2. c3. a4. c5. b6. d7. a8. a9. d10. c11.d 12.b 13.d 14.c 15.dTranslation1.The manager‘s assistant is responsible for handling relation and communication with our European head office.2.Mr. Smith‘s business plan became known to his competitors as a consequence of information leak.3.He is so busy that he works 12 hours a day on the average.4.He used to speak only Cantonese, bu t now his clients are no longer limited to C antonese, and he has been able to communicate in English and Mandarinwith clients.5.She eats only vegetables, fruits and low-fat foods in order to lose weight.6.His close analysis of the current economic situation is based on facts.7.Advertisements often cause people to buy things they don‘t need.8.Supper often begins with soup in Hong Kong.9.I prefer traditional C hinese dishes to Western ones, because C hinese dishes are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals.10.We regard the French enterprise as a potential partner for cooperation.Cloze1. b2. c3. a4. c5. d6. a7. c8. d9. a 10. b11.b 12.d 13.c 14.c 15.aExtended activitiesA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the passage about the English names and find which words contain the sounds listed below./ IK /:/ eK /: heirloom, AIR/ UK /: (jewelry)III. Listen and decide which one of the three words in the group rhymes with the wordyou hear. Circle the letter beside your choice.1. fear ---hear2. Share---where3. Fear---hear4. Fierce---pierce5. sure---poor6. Dear---tear(n.)7. Ear---year8. Fire---hireB. Function and Structureplete the following dialogues.plete the following dialogues.1) Diner: Waiter, please show me the menu.Waiter: Here‘s the menu, sirDiner: T hank you.Waiter: May I take your order?Diner: Yes. I‘d like a cup of fresh orange juice.Waiter: And what would you like after that?Diner: I think I‘ll try the roast chicken.2) Waiter: Have you decided on what you‘d like?Diner: Yes. First I‘ll have onion soup.Waiter: And then?Diner: I‘ll order the lamb chops.Waiter: How would you like it done?Diner: Medium, please.3)Waiter: Are you ready to order?David: Y ou order first, Susan.Susan: Order anything you like. I‘m not particular about food.David: I‘d better leave the choice to you.Susan: O.K. Then, a glass of mineral water for me.David: And for me, tooSusan: Let us have some shrimps for a change.David: It sounds good, but I‘d prefer some mutton today.4) John: Could we see the menu, please ?Waitress: Here you are, sir.John: What‘s special for today?Waitress: Perhaps you‘d like some mushroom soup and fried sole.John: O.K. Mushroom soup, please.Waitress: And what to follow?1314ring, bracelet, hair pin, necklace, earrings, brooch (胸针), pendant (悬饰) gold, silver, platinum, pearl, diamond, amber, coral, ruby, emerald, jade, crystal, sapphire gemstone and other precious stonesExercises2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1.c2. c3. b4. d5. d3. Give the English word for the meaning provided.1. accumulate2. brilliant3. choosy4. malicious5. bachelor6. destined7. odd8. communion9. intuition 10. fulfil4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1. infect2.was destined3. joke about4. to do with5. takes her time6. were to7. in his stead8. edge to her voice9. fell apart 10. won‘t be cut out for5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1.shortly2.It‘s very odd3.choosy4.in my stead5.in communion with6.be destined never to see each other again6. Word study1.a. Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought.b. A joke can be very revealing of what someone's really thinking.c. He still did not reveal what he feel about me.2.a.As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.b.Accumulations of sand can be formed by the action of waves on coastal beaches.c.If you don't sort out the papers on your desk on a regular basis they just keep on accumulating3.a. We're looking for a very specific sort of person and this woman seems to fulfil all of our criteria.b. Being laid off, he could not fulfil the role of the breadwinner for his familyc. Due to circumstances beyond our control, the fulfillment of your contract will be delayed by several weeks.4.a. The financial performance of the business is fully expected (= almost certain) to improve.b. Considering the problems he's had, there can be little ex pectation of him winning the race.c. You expect too much of John to think he can finish this job by Friday.5.a. I absolutely refuse to take part in anything that's illegal.b. His argument is based on the refusal to protect the environment.c. The local council refused him planning permission to build an extra house.Reading IIDictationThe most important diamonds are those we never see — the diamonds used in industry. Their value lies in their hardness, not their beau ty, and in the thousands of jobs they do. For example, diamonds cu t through solid rock in search of oil. Dentists use diamonds, too. Most marvelous of all are the diamond dies.These are flat diamonds through which small holes have been drilled. Cars, airplanes, nails, radios, refrigerators, and most electrical equipment could not be made withou t using industrial diamonds.Note:die: a shaped piece of metal or other hard material used to form metal, plastic etc.; a mould 模具Comprehension1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F 10.NMVocabulary1. a2. b3. a4. d5. a6. c7. c8. c9. b 10. a11.d 12.a 13.b 14.c 15.dSpecial use1. /2. a; The3. an; an; the4.an5. a6. the; the; the7. the; the8. /; a; the9. /; The; /; a 10. the 11. The; /; the 12. the; /; the13.T he; the; the 14. the; the; the 15. the; the; / 16. the; the; a; /17. A 18. / 19. /; a 20. A; anTranslation1.Young people always look into the future. This is true of all ages.2.She noticed the customer‘s eyes in particular, for the y were very big.3.Since his family was poor, he was apprenticed to a tailor.4.As the products are unsalable, this factory has stopped producing them.5.The president of the company did what he could to keep his company from falling apart.6.Don‘t blame yourself too much, for this was destined to happen.7.We are now seeking a young as well as ex perienced accountant to assist the export sales manager.8.With the coming Christmas, the downtown takes on a festival air.Cloze1. c2. b3. a4. d5. d6. a7. b8. c9. a 10. d11.c 12.b 13.c 14.b 15.a1516sell to them. Psychologists claim thathow you sound also conveys a message, 93% of emotion without actual words. It's titude, understanding, empathy and ethics. The moment you meet a prospective client, they judge you make or break a sale can 17194. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1.reserved2. illustrated3. getting to4. the custom5. T ake it easy, relax6. corresponding7. get down to8. exceeded9. roll up 10. signaled 11. allowed 12. of his own 13. regarded as 14. essential5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1. status2. at ease3. Thereafter4. exceeded5. the height of fashion6. behave6. Word studyFor each of the following clues, use the given prompts to produce sentences in the same way as is shown in the model.1.Prompt: our / job / show / people / need / behave (v.) / polite / each otherModel: Our job is to show people the need to behave politely towards each other.a. The next time I saw him, Frank behaved as if nothing had happened.b. Get out of this office and come back when you know how to behave yourself.c. It's hard to change your behaviour, even harder to keep it changed.2. Prompt: midnight / cold / breeze / blow (v.) / hardModel: It was in the midnight and a cold breeze was blowing hard.a. I put the balloon to my lips and blew as hard as I could.b. Losing his job was a severe blow to (= had a very damaging effect on) his confidence.c. She gave the boy a tissue and told him to to blow his nose well.2.Prompt: vase / roll (v.)/ edge / table / smashModel: The vase rolled off the edge of the table and smashed.a.She rolled up the poster and put it in a cardboard tube.b.I discovered a dozen rolls of the old paintings in the attic.c.The piano's on wheels, so we can roll it into the room.4. Prompt: diagram / clear / illustrate / I / meanModel: The diagram will clearly illustrate what I mean.a. The lecturer illustrated his point by relating his own ex perience.b. The teacher illustrated his lesson with drawings and photographs on the blackboard.c. This delay is a perfect illustration of why we need a new computer system.5. Prompt: company / establish / new / system / deal / complaintsModel: The company has established a new system for dealing with complaintsa. With his intelligence and diligence, he soon established his status in the press.b. He quickly established himself as a leading member of the company board.c. Since its establishment two years ago, the advice center has seen over 500people a week.Post-readingTask 1 Business Etiquette Answers1. No. Introduce the more important person first. Y ou sh ould address your client and say ―Mr. Brown, I‘d like you to meet our V ice President of Development, Ms. Smith.‖ (Alternative answer —introduce the client as the more important person!)1.Yes. When your client steps out of the car, (s)he will be on the cur bside and therefore won‘t have to deal with getting out in traffic or sliding across the seat.3. D. It's more polite not to call attention to the fact that you can't drink champagne.4. D. Leave it on your chair. Definitely don't put it on the table — what if you have crumbs on it?5. B and C. Sort of a trick question. The most important guest should get served first.6. B. Make eye contact with all of the individuals you're talking with.7. B. Indicating where your guest should sit will make her feel more comfortable.8. B, C, or D. Just don't grab it first unless you're playing one of these roles.9. A. Y ou've waited 30 minutes. Ex pect an apology later, though.10. D. Call and set up another appointment. And don't forget to apologize for your error. Imagine how you'd feel if it were you!Reading IIDictationAn exchange of business gifts might take place on very special occasions, but in general the British d o not expect gifts or p ractice the custom. If gift-giving is your preferred method of showing appreciation, keep it tasteful and modest in price. Otherwise, it is perfectly acceptable to treat British colleagues to dinner or an evening at the theater. The English tend to be formal and conservative. They do not appreciate emotional displays, but prefer calm reserve in both behavior andemotion.Comprehension1. F2. F3. T4. T5. NM6. F7. T8. T9. F 10. TV ocabulary1. b2. d3. a4. d5. d6. a7. c8. b9. c 10. aSpecial use1. wait, make2. finishes3. was seated4. worked5. is6. d on‘t g o, d o, prefer7. is believed 8. went 9. moves9.make (答案正确，但题目中的aircraft应为单数，这个词是单复同形）11. read, was 12. visited, went, met13. touches 14. Lay, slept 15. was given, drove16. take, place 17. doesn‘t sell 18. WasTranslation1.The career ad visor gave several college students some advice on choosing their careers after graduation.2.We prefer to cooperate with them rather than compete with them for the market.3.After working with him for some time, I get to know him better.4.You really must get down to work, or you will be fired.5.It‘s nice to lie d own and take it easy after a hard day‘s work.6.He seldom talks with me other than to report his work to me.7.Before you make a promise, you‘d better chew it over.8.The insurance company should pick u p the bill for the damaged ship.9.In this developing cou ntry, the problem of women‘s social position exists side by side with the problem of children‘s education.10. If you don‘t know of the local culture and customs, you will often get into difficulties.20。

新编外贸函电喻礼会课后答案unit1

新编外贸函电喻礼会课后答案unit1 课后短语个人总结complimentary close 客套结束语attention line 指定收信人姓名reference No. 编号carbon copy 抄送ordinal number 序号Bill of lading 提单Commercial invoice 商业发票Insurance policy 保险单Indented style 缩行式Full block 齐头式Semi-block 半齐头式Modified block 改良齐头式Business scope 经营范围Trade directory贸易黄页/贸易电话薄Trade negotiation 贸易谈判Chamber ofcommerce 商会Trade press 贸易新闻、贸易简报Trade fair市场交易会Market survey 市场调查Branch office 分公司Business house 商行、商店Financial status财政状况Existing customers 现有顾客Price list价格单Commercial counselor's office 商务处Textile products 纺织产品Electrical appliances 家用电器Light industrial products 轻工产品Information technology products 信息技术产品Exclusive agent 独家代理Porcelain cups and saucers 陶瓷杯碟Sales possibilities 销售可能性Joint efforts 合作，共同努力Generalinquiry 一般询盘Specific inquiry 具体询盘Price list 价格目录、报价单Sample book 样品册First inquiry 首次询盘The method of payment 交付方式Delivery time 交货时间Substantial order 大额订单Nickel plated 镀镍Bulk purchase 大宗购买CFR(cost and freight) 成本加运费Pro forma invoice 形式发票Financial standing财务状况Fierce competition 竞争激烈Digital cammerce 商会Digital camera 数码相机Confirmation of order订单确认Counter offer 还盘Under no obligation 没有义务没有责任Period of validity 有效期Subject to 服从In compliance with 和相符，和一致Distributing channels分销渠道See to 保证，负责In view of 鉴于Step up 逐步增加，提升Comply with 和相符符合Margin of profit 盈利空间Form order 格式订单Well-known customer 知名客户Decimal point 小数点Double check 双重检查Quality requirements 质量要求Terms of delivery 交货条件Mode of transportation 运输方式Longtime customer 老客户Purchase confirmation 购货确认书Cash against documents 见单即付Salesconfirmation 销售确认书Cardboard carton 硬纸盒Wooden case 木箱Hi-sensitivity 9-band receiver 高灵敏度9波段收音机Ploybag 塑料袋Shipping advice 装船通知Plastic-lined塑料压边Initial order 首笔订单Letter of credit 信用证The packing list 装箱单The application form 申请表As of 自起，到为止In question 有关的。

商务英语部分答案(修正版)

Reading TestPart 1 (p.74)1、C2、D3、C4、A5、B6、B7、DPart 2 (p.64,61)65页（Too much work is a health hazard）1、B 2、D 3、F 4、A 5、G 61页：1、B 2、F 3、D 4、A 5、E 6、CPart 4 (p.44,10,70)44页：1-5 ABDCB 6-10ADCBD 11-15BAACD10页：1-5AACCB 6-10ABCAC70页：1-5BADCD 6-10BCABA 11-15BDBCCPart 5 (p.24)1、Prepositions（介词）：for of toArticles(冠词)：the aConjunctions(连词)：and because soAuxiliary verbs(助动词)：do has arePronouns(代词)：which whop.7, p.23, p.38, p.407页：1、Open your mind 2、Plan for disaster 3、Get organized4、Set your limits5、Put pen to paper6、Don’t feel guilty7、Two become one23页：6、Subject1:Display of new factory plansSubject2:Presentation on flexible and home-workingSubject3:Spanish classes38页：主要考生词翻译40页：1、A 2、E 3、C 4、D 5、G 6、F 7、BV ocabulary, TranslationWays of working p.61-5 F H A G C 6-8 I D EAdvertising p.36, 3836页：2、1、mailshots 2、TV commercials 3、word of mouth 4、brochures 5、sample 6、newspaper adverts 7、banners 8、spam 38页：同上Sales p.674、1-5 E D B F A 6-7 G Tp.57, p.126, p.13157页：4、give a job: hire recruit(招聘，聘用) employtake someone’s job away(开除)：fire sack(解雇) lay off(解雇) make redundant(裁员) dismiss(解雇)leave a job(离职): give notice(递交辞呈) walk out(罢工)take voluntary redundancy126页：貌似考生词131页：貌似考生词GrammarP.9, p,19, p.29, p.39, p.58, p.59, p.699页：5 1、need 2、communicate 3、have escaped 4、have been working 5、have been 6、am working 7、answer 19页：5 1、has been working 2、joined 3、have had 4、have been considering 5、has expanded 6、completed 7、have been studying 8、has agreed29页：3 1-5ECDBA 6 1、’ll call 2、won’t rise 3、’re running 4、’m going to have 5、leaves 6、will be opening 7、will have started 8、’s going to leave 9、’ll be receiving39页：1、should 2、didn’t need to 3、mustn’t 4、must have 5、couldn’t get 6、needn’t have complained 7、don’t have to 8、shouldn’t以下红色部分为修改后答案58页：3 1、will be given 2、is being reviewed3、have been offered 4、was set up5、will be given6、to be looked7、is hoped 8、have been delayed59页：5 1、to assess 2、was unfairly dismissed 3、was followed 4、has been found 5、had failed 6、is reported 7、gave 8、was dismissed 9、appears 10、is recommended 11、should be carried out 12、will help69页：6 1、bad2、most3、most enjoyable 4、more 5、than 6、better7、as 8、betterWriting1.What is important when……p.9, p.27Memo p.13, p.23, p.25, p.33Application p.19Report p.43Email p.63Writing字数太多了就不码了，大家自己找范文看看，大家想在网上看答案的话可以在百度文库里搜索“新编剑桥商务英语中级教师用书第三版下载”，有答案供参考，或跟踪此链接：网上答案链接有错误的地方麻烦挑出来跟大家说一下，谢谢。

商务英语练习答案(1_2_5_7课)

Lesson One: Modes of International BusinessI. 1. modes of operation which can be chosen from by enterprises and governments who are engaging in (carrying out) international business2. to be involved in international business activities by means of import and export3. merchandise export as a main source of international revenue4. service imports is an increasingly important means of international business for different countries.5. tourism revenue has become an important source of foreign exchange income for the US6. license (franchise) granted to a dealer (franchisee) abroad for the sale of products7. to receive royalties by licensing others to use their assets such as trademarks8. World War II witnessed a rapid development of Foreign Direct Investment9. a joint venture with the majority stake (interest, shares) on the part of the hosting country10. portfolio investment is a major form of foreign indirect investment11. local enterprises engaging in service imports by different means12. multinational enterprises take a global approach towards global market13. multinational corporations played an active role in the development of international business after the war14. study of international business in different modes conducted in the academic circle (academia, sector, community)II. 1. More and more enterprises and government were involved in international business activities in addition to import and export trade.2. Tourism in this scenic country is of critical importance to the economic growth of the country, and is likely to double its foreign exchange income in the years to follow.3. The multinational corporation dealing in automobiles conducts its production and sale on a global basis, and in recent years, its operations in China has been integrated into its global operation scheme.4. Many MNEs in developed countries have transferred their equipment and staff, along with the capital into low-cost developing countries to reduce the cost and boost foreign sales5. Commerce minister lately pointed out that we have to increase our export as much as possible in exchange for merchandises and services we are pressing for, and take active actions to attract foreign investment to promoteLesson 2: Reasons for Recent International Business GrowthI.1. The speed of the increase of international business of late is well beyond that ofglobal production.2. Shares taken by foreign enterprises in domestic production in China is everincreasing3. Reasons for companies to engage in international business, such as expandingsales and obtaining resources etc.4. Difficulties in international business arising from increased global competition.5. to liberalize limitation on cross boarder movement of commodities and resources6. government policies to facilitate international commodity and service trade.7. technological advancement (improvement) which has tremendous impact oninternational business.8. Improvement of business operation abroad resulting from development oftransportation9. to induce countries to lower their barriers to the movement of commodities andservices10. Liberalization will enable companies to take better advantage of internationalbusiness opportunities.11. Banks have developed effective means for companies to receive payment for the irforeign sales.12. Companies will respond quickly to foreign market and production opportunities.13. Companies experienced in international market can shift production quickly toforeign countries.14. Many firms have to become more global to maintain competitiveness.II.1. In recent years, owing to foreign trade facilitated by powerful economicdevelopment, the volume of import and export increased by 20% from 1993 to 2003, as compared with 7.5% increase between 1982 and 1992.2. Improved transportation resulting from technological advancement speeds up themovement of goods, personnel and information among different countries, bringing about the rapid growth of international business.3. Nowadays, governments impose few restrictions on cross-border movements ofcommodities and services. This enables people in different countries to get access to commodities and services at lower prices and domestic producers to become more efficient as a result of foreign competition.4. Companies and governments have developed services to support and facilitateinternational business, such as the establishment of bank credit agreements, clearing arrangement and the conclusion of postal agreements among counties, to ensure smooth development and expansion of international business.5. Under the pressure of increased foreign competition, to maintain thecompetitiveness and strive for its survival and development, companies have to expand their business into international markets to respond to overseas sales opportunities and expand its international business activities.Lesson 5: The Export Process%I.1. to process export orders as per established company policies.2. to have a careful check and log of the origin of orders received by the exporter3. The exporter should be fully aware of specific requirements of customers abroad.4. to conduct a careful check of the importer with regard to his/her credit.5. to obtain a credit report respecting credit standing of the buyer.6. The buyer and the seller negotiate on sales terms and conditions7. liabilities of both parties stated in the contract (the contracted liabilities of bothparties)8. Such clauses as name of the product, price, delivery stipulated in the contract9. The export goods are properly delivered at the negotiated point of delivery.10. The export goods are duly shipped at the negotiated point of shipment.11. Title of the export goods transfers at the point of delivery.12. to procure import license to meet regulations of the importing country13. The goods pass through customs process upon arrival at the destination.14. to complete all the documentation necessary for the export transaction.II.1. To efficiently transfer the goods to the importing country, the exporter shouldperform three necessary functions involved in a export transaction.2. Before an export transaction, the exporter should either examine financial andcredit position of the new customers through an international credit report, or conduct a recheck (double check, revision) of the credit standing and payment record of repeat customers.3. As an integrate part (component) of the export process, the importer and theexporter should negotiate on issues covering sales terms and conditions, obligations of both parties as well as other terms of the sales contract.4. The agreement (entered into) between the exporter and importer on sales termsand conditions becomes a binding contract, and is a confirmed commitment acceptable to both sides after a written confirmation by bother parties.5. In the process of export, an import license is required from the buyer, as well as aforeign exchange permit sometime, to conform to regulations of the buying country for successful arrival of the goods at the importing country.Lesson 7: International Commercial TermsI.1. The seller transfers the goods to the buyer at his own premises or warehouse.2. The seller should hand over the goods to the carrier designated by the buyer.3. losses of or damage to the goods arising from incidents (events) after loading anddeparture of the vessel4. to bear all expenses and take all risks necessary to ship the goods to the country ofdestination5. to pay all expenses and freight necessary to ship the goods to the named port ofdestination6. to procure marine insurance against losses of or damage to the goods of the buyeren route7. the seller delivers when the goods are cleared for export and handed over to thebuyer8. all risks and expenses on the part of the seller, inclusive of tariff, taxies and otherexpenses9. The seller delivers when the goods pass the ship’s rail at the named port ofshipment10. Under CIP terms, the seller should procure the insurance contract and pay thepremium11. 10,000 electronic calculators at US$10 CIF Manila per piece12. Please make us an offer on CFR Tianjin together with all details.13. the most favorable price on CIF Guangzhou, stating shipment date and p aymentterms14. The price we offered for Phoenix brand bicycles is US$55 CFR New Your per pieceII.1. Trade terms (commercial terms) are used to specify structure of export prices andthe reliability of both parties involved in the delivery of the goods from seller to the buyer with regard to the procedure, cost and risks.2. Under CIF terms, the seller also has to provide a full set of shipping documents,inclusive of documents for transportation and insurance for the buyer with all costs on his own account. (with all costs to be borne by himself / herself).3. How much can be deducted from the CIF price if we transact the business with youon CFR? This will enable us to make a comparison of the two prices.4. Can you make us an for Forever brand bicycles, 26”? Please quote us 1000 piecesfor a minimum order of 10,000 pieces on CIF New Your.5. We (This firm) make you a quotation on terms and conditions as follows:Commodity: Spring locks for drawersPrice: US$ 5 EXW Shanghai per pieceAnnual minimum order: 100,000 piecesPacking: in cartonsPayment: by irrevocable letter of creditDelivery: 60 days after receipt of letter of credit.。

商务英语写作作业1参考答案6页

（第一章：Task 1-2）I. Directions: Write an application letter according to the following information. (40%)参考答案略。

评分标准：内容25分；语法与拼写5分；文体与语气5分；标点与格式5分。

II. Directions: Complete the chronological resume worksheet with your own information.(40%)参考答案略。

评分标准：内容25分；语法与拼写5分；文体与语气5分；标点与格式5分。

III. Directions: Translation exercises. (20%, 4 points for each sentence)(1)As a student in International Trade and a prospective June graduate, I should very much liketo be considered for the position of sales assistant that you have advertised in today’s Guangzhou Daily.(2)Since I was 15 years old I have helped my father to run his small import-and export business.I have been involved in helping a variety of clients and also the general administration of thebusiness.(3)You will find enclosed an outline of my education and copies of three letters ofrecommendation.(4)我有着外向、勤奋的个性，我享受忙碌的工作环境带来的挑战。

北外17秋《综合英语(3)》作业01(第1-4单元)A答案

第1页（共4页）Assignment 01 for “Comprehensive English (3)”（Units 1-4）Answer Sheet综合英语（3）作业01（第1-4单元）答题纸学籍号：姓名：分数：学习中心：专业： _______英语_____________The total marks for this assignment are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this assignment is 1 hour (60 minutes).PLEASE WRITE ALL YOUR ANSWERS ON THE ANSWER SHEET Paraphrase [20 points] Instruction: Rewrite the following sentences in English, using your own words forthe underlined parts. Make sure your sentences are complete.1.In most subjects you to be required to read some of the items - and tomake a brief study others.2.It is of course necessary to study “the most important”subjects.3Working together,such changes may alter the suitablity of coastal areas for settlement and agriculture.第2页（共4页）4A number of estimates have been made as to the level of future sea rises as a result of climate change. Translation [20 points] Instruction: Translate the following sentences into English by using the phrases or words given in the parentheses.1.This large corporate headquarters is located in the west side of town.2.This is the parcel we've been looking forward to coming from New York3.We will ensure that these children would not be discriminated against.4.There are several oil paintings representing the artist's early style in the Museum.Summary Writing [60 points]At noon, just as I was leaving my friend's office, it suddenly struck me that I had no idea where I had parked my car.// I could hardly go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car第3页（共4页）somewhere. I would simply have to look for it myself. Walking down street after street, I examined each car closely and was greatly relieved to see a small green car just behind an old cart. But how disappointed I was to discover that though the car was exactly like my own, it belonged to someone else. Feeling quite tired now, I gave up the search and went off for lunch. Some time later I left the restaurant and walked idly down the street. //Turning the corner I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me - and there was no mistaking it this time. I could not help smiling as I drew near. Pasted on the wind-screen was a little ticket which informed me that the car had been visited by a policeman in my absence. To add to it all, I was now guilty of a parking offense.He saw a small green one but it belonged to someone else. He then gave up and went for lunch.第4页（共4页）。

商务英语参考答案

Unit 1 The Internet Basicslesson 1 The Basic Principal of E-mailKeys to the Exercises1.Please translate the following phrases into English.自持续的工具self-sustaining facility协议protocol实时的real-time网关gateway路由器 a router相当于equivalent to2.Please translate the following phrases into Chinese.TCP/IP 传输控制协议/网际协议Internet Relay Chat 因特网继传聊天the Postal Service 邮政服务the Post Office 邮政局IP address IP地址the destination computer目标计算机3.Please try to memorize the following words.略4.Please translate the following sentences into Chinese.1)The Internet, sometimes called simply "the Net," is a worldwide system of computernetworks - a network of networks in which users at any one computer can, if they havepermission, get information from any other computer (and sometimes talk directly tousers at other computers).因特网，有时直接就叫“网络”，是一个全球性的计算机网络系统——一个网际网络。

《国际商务英语》课后练习简答题答案

《国际商务英语》课后练习简答题答案Lesson1Answer the following questions:1. What does international business refer to? Please tell the difference between international business anddomestic business.A: International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. Sometimes business across the borders of different customs areas of the same country is also regarded as import and export.Some major differences between international business and domestic business is following: (1) Differences in legal systems(2) Differences in currencies(3) Differences in cultural background(4) Different in natural and economic conditions2. Please explain the differences between visible trade andinvisible trade. Which is becoming more andmore important and accounts for an increasing proportion in international trade?A: Visible trade is the form of commodity trade. The form of transportation, communication, banking, insurance, consulting, information etc. is called invisible trade or service industries. The later is become more and more important.3. Can you cite some examples to illustrate cultural differences in international business? A: Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc.4. Please elaborate on the two categories of international investment. What is their major difference? A: FDI (Foreign direct investment) is made for returns through controlling the enterprises or assets invested in in a host country. Portfolio investment refers to purchases of foreign financial assets for a purpose other than controlling. Such financial assets may be stocks, bonds or certificates of deposit.5. What is licensing? Why do firms sometimes choose it as a means of entering a foreign market? A: In licensing, a firm leases the right to use its intellectual property to a firm in another country. They choose licensing because they do not have to make cash payments to stat business, and can simply receive income in the form of royalty. Besides, they can benefit from locational advantages of foreign operation without any obligations in ownership or management. The use of licensing is particularly encouraged by high customs duty and non-tariff barriers on the part of the host country.6. What is franchising? How is it different from licensing?A: Under franchising, franchisee is allowed to operate in the nameof another, franchiser who provides the former with trademarks, brand names, logos and operating techniques for royalty. In comparison with the relation between the licenser and the licensee, the franchiser has more control over and provides more support for the franchisee.7. What is a management contract? Under what conditions is it most applicable?A: Under a management contract, one company offers managerial or other specialized services to another within a particular period for a flat payment or a percentage of the relevant business volume. When a government forbidsforeign ownership in certain industries it considers to be of strategic importance but lacks the expertise for operation, management contracts maybe a practical choice enabling a foreign company to operate in the industry without owning the assets.8. What is an international turnkey project? In what way is its variant BOT different from it? A: For an international turnkey project, a firm signs a contract with a foreign purchaser and undertakes all the designing, contracting and facility equipping before handing it over to the latter upon completion. For a BOT project, a firm operates afacility for a period of time after building it up before finally transferring it to a foreign company. Making profit from operating the project for a period is the major difference between BOT and the common turnkey projectLesson 2Answer the following questions:1. Explain the concepts of GNP and GDP respectively and point out their major difference. Can we use them interchangeably?A: GNP (Gross national Product) refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the property and labor owned by the residentsof an economy. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) measures the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy. The difference between them is that GNP focuses on ownership of thefactors of production while GDP concentrates on the place whereproduction takes place. The difference between GNP and GDP can beignored since it very small in most cases. Therefore, we can use them interchangeably.2. In what different ways are GDP and per capita income significantin assessing the potential of a particular market?A: Total GDP indicates the overall size of an economy, which is important in market assessment for durable equipment or bulk goods (grain, steel or cement). Per capita GDP reveals the average incomelevel of consumers, which is important when marketing consumer durables.3. What are meant by high income, middle income, and low-income countries according to the World Bank? Cite some examples for each group.A: High-income countries: those enjoying annual per capita income of $9386 and above. In this group comprise three types of countries; most members of OECD, rich oil producing countries of the Middle East, small-industrialized countries or regions.Middle-income countries: those with annual per capita income below $9386 but above $765. Included in this category is most East European countries and most members of the Commonwealth of Independent States,six OECD members, quite a number of Latin American countries and some comparatively developed countries in Asia, South Africa and oil-producing countries in African.Low-income countries: those that have per capita incomes of only $765 or even less. Most African countries,some Asian countries and a few Latin American countries are included in this group.4. Why are high-income countries important to trade and investment? Should we neglect low-income countries in international business?A: High-income countries often have good infrastructure, high purchasing power, and advanced technology, efficient management and favorable environment for trade and investment. They offer prime markets for expensive consumer goods and are both attractive sources and destinations of investment.In international trade the low-income countries should not be neglected, because they constitute markets for lower-priced staple goods, provide cheap labor and are often rich in resources. Once tapped, the business potential of these countries will one day become real business opportunities.5.Was China a low-income country a few years ago? How about now?A: China with a per capita income of over $1100 is a middle-income country though it was a low-income country just a few years ago.6.What does the term “Triad” refers to? What is meant by Quad?A: The term Triad refers to the three richest regions of the world; the United States, the European Union and Japan that offer the most important business opportunities. The scope of Triad to include Canada and name the broadened grouping Quad.7. How much do you know about OECD? Please make a brief account.A: OECD means Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The organization is included 29 members, 23 of them are high-income countries and 6 are middle-income countries. The headquarters is in Paris.8. What is the best policy for China to develop business opportunities?A: So far as China is concerned, other markets we should pay particular attention to are those around us: the Four Tigers, the ASEAN countries, Russia, India and a bit farther away Australia. These countries or regions either have rich consumers and offer good business opportunities or are developing fast with very promising market potential. And their geographical proximity to China is a great advantage for us in developing business relations with them.Lesson3Answer the following questions:1. What is a free trade area? Make a brief account of the most notable free trade area in the world. A: Free trade area is the loosest form in the regional economic integration. Members in this form removes barriers to the flow of goods and services among themselves while eachmember still adopts its own policy as regards to trade with outsiders. The most notable one is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the largest freemarket formed by the United States, Canada and Mexico in 1991 with over 360 million consumers and total GDP of more than 6 trillion US dollars.2. In what way is a customs union different from a free trade area?A: The Customs Union goes a step further by adopting the same trade policy for all the members toward countries outside their organizationin addition to abolishing trade barriers among themselves. Imports from other countries are subject to the same tariff.3. What are the characteristics of a common market? Which organization remained a common marketfor some years in the past?A: The common market is further up the scale of regional economic integration. Besides free movement of goods and services and adoption of common external trade policy, factors of production such as labor, capital and technology are free to move among members so that they can be utilized in a more efficient and productive way. In the past, the European Community remained a common market for some years.4. How much do you know about an economic union? Can members of an economic union keep all oftheir national sovereignty?A: The economic union is the highest form of economic integration, which is characterized by integration of the domestic policies of its members in respect of economy, finance etc. in addition to absence of trade barriers, practice of common external policy and free production factor mobility. The members of an Economic Union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc., but also use the same currency.The member countries of an economic union are required to surrender some of their national sovereignty, which is eroding the tradition of the world political system based on the autonomy and supreme power of sovereign states.5. Make a brief account of the origin and development of the EU.A: The first community, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was established in 1952, which set the stage for more ambitious integration efforts.The signing of the monumental Treaty of Rome in 1957 marks the establishment of the European EconomicCommunity with the aim of gradually realizing the free movement of goods, services, labor and capital as well as the harmonization of economic policies of the member countries.Ten years later in 1967, the European Community was formed by merging EEC, ECSC and European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).1992 it became a true common market as envisaged by the Single European Act. Then on January 1, 1994 theEuropean Union (EU) came into being on the strength of theMaastricht Treaty.From the beginning of 1999 most of the members began to use the common European currency for accounting and settlement and in 2002, euro banknotes and coins were put into circulation.6. What is the most powerful institution of the EU? What is the executive body of the EU? How does itoperate?A: The most powerful institution of the EU is the Council of Ministers.Its executive body is the European Commission composed of 20 commissioners overseeing 23 departments in charge of different affairs.Decisions of the council are made by votes allocated to member countries on the basis of their size. Different ministers attend the council meeting depending on the matters discussed. The council even has the power to pass legislation.7. Explain briefly the five layer organizational structure of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. A: a. the Informal Meeting of Economic leadersb. Dual-Ministerial Meetingc. Ministers Responsible for Traded. The Senior Officials Meeting (SOM)e. Subordinate committees under SOM: Committee of Trade and Investment, Economic Committee, Economic and Technical Cooperation Sub-committee of SOM and Budget Management Committee.8. What are the tenet and objectives of APEC? What do its two wheels mean?A: The tenet and objectives of APEC are inter-dependence, mutual benefits, adhering to an open and multilateral trading system and reduction of regional trade barriers.Its two wheels mean trade and investment liberation and facilitation (TILF) and economic and technical cooperation (ECOTECH).9. What are the nature and objectives of OPEC?A: OPEC is a commodity cartel. It tried to limit the overall crudeoil supply of the world for the purpose of maintaining higher oil prices.Lesson4Answer the following questions:1. What are the basic feature and major role of economicglobalization?A: The basic feature of economic globalization is to free flow of commodity, capital, technology, service, and information in the global context for optimized allocation.1. Mention some of the pros and cons of economic globalization. Whatis the right attitude towards it? (有利和不利方面)A: The pros is that with the basic feature of free flow of commodity, capital, technology, service, and information in the global context for optimized allocation, economic globalization is giving new impetus and providing opportunities to world economic development and meanwhile making the various economies more and more interdependent. While thecons of economic globalization is different countries and peoples do not enjoy balancedbenefits.The right attitude towards it is follow the trend closely, availing the opportunities it offers to develop ourselves and avoiding its possible impacts.2. What is the formal definition of a multinational enterprise? How can you tell whether a multinationalcorporation is a parent or just an affiliate?A: A multinational enterprise shall be defined as a business organization that owns (whether wholly or partly), controls and manages assets in more than one country.If the MNC is the original investing corporation, it is known as the parent MNC, which is normally also the international headquarters of the MNE. If the MNC is established as a result of investments by the MNE, whether through the parent or through another of its already established MNC, it is an affiliate MNC. 3. Describe briefly the characteristics of MNEs.A: The characteristics of MNEs is as follow:a. MNEs are generally enormous in sizeb. Wide geographical spreadc. Longevity and rapid growth4. What is the commonly recognized objective of MNEs?A: MNEs are formed for profit, and the second basic need is security.5. Why is security so important to MNEs?A: Without security, an MNE’s survival can never be assure d. Theneed of security includes the security of profits in the short-and-long-run, the security of the MNE’s assets and investment, and the securityof other organizationalneeds. Profit is useless if it cannot be secured by the MNE and transferred wherever it so desires.6. Do you think “wide geographical spread” of MNEs plays a very important role in the development oftheir business? Why?A: Yes, I do. MNEs enables them to have a wide range of options in terms of decisions in areas such as sourcing and pricing. They are also more able to take advantage of changes in the international economic environment. Such multi-nationality also enables MNEs to engage in worldwide integrated production and marketing.7. What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries?A: MNCs are under the legal jurisdiction of their host governmentsthat can impose various rules, regulations, and laws on the MNCs to the extent of nationalizing all their assets.8. What are the four types of multinational enterprises? Describe each of them briefly.A: The four types of multinational enterprises is that:a. Multi-domestic corporation: it is a group of relatively independent subsidiaries. The parent companydelegates sufficient power to each subsidiary to manage the production and marketing in the host countryfor the needs of local customers.b. Global corporation: it operates and views the world market as an integrated whole. Power andresponsibility are concentrated at the headquarters that manages production and marketing to achieve theeconomies of scale as much as possible.c. Transnational Corporation: The activities and resources of the transnational corporation are highlyneither centralized as the second type nor decentralized as thefirst type but are integrated in aninterdependent network of affiliates.d. World Company: their national identities are blurred to a large extent.9. Are there may world companies at present? Imagine their future role in complete globalization. A: Now it is very few. When such companies become dominating, the possibility of conflicts amongsovereign states may be greatly reduced. Possibly they will be instrumental to the realization of complete globalization.Lesson 5Answer the following questions:1. How would you define international trade?A: International trade can be defined as the exchange of goods and services produced in one country with those produced in another sufficient.2. Why did international trade first begin?A: The distribution of natural resources is uneven. Some countries are abundant in resources, while elsewhere reserves are scarce or even nonexistent. And a country may be rich in some resources but poor in others. That’swhy international trade first began.3. What is the new incentive for trade that arose with the development of manufacturing and technology? A: With the development of manufacturing and technology, there arose another incentive for trade, i.e. international specialization. One country producing more of a commodity than it uses itself and selling the remainder to other countries.4. According to the theory of absolute advantage, trade occurs only when a country has an absoluteadvantage or comparative advantage?A: According to the theory of absolute advantage, trade occurs only when each country has an absolute advantage over the others in the production of one commodity.5. Who introduced the theory of comparative advantage? Which theory makes more sense, absoluteadvantage or comparative advantage?A: David Ricardo, English economist, introduced the theory of comparative advantage. It seems that the idea of comparative advantage makes more sense.6. Explain briefly why trade to exploit comparative advantage promotes efficiency among countries. A: The comparative advantage holds that even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade. The first should specialize in the production ad export of the commodity in which its absolute disadvantage is smaller and import the commodity that its absolute disadvantage is greater.7. Is comparative advantage something static? Is it purely decided by the endowments of nature? Giveexamples to show the development of comparative advantage by certain countries?A: Comparative advantage is not a static concept. A country may develop a particular comparative advantage purely through its own actions, independent of the endowments of nature. Such as the watch making in Switzerland.Lesson 6Answer the following questions:1. Are there other bases for trade when there are no differences among countries in production conditions?Mention some of the bases.A: Yes, there are. First, patterns of demand may differ among nations. Second, trade may occur out of economies of scale, i.e. the cost advantages of large-scale production. Third, trade takes place because of innovation or style.2. What is economy of scale? What is the relation between economies of scale is trade?A: Economies of scale is the cost advantages of large-scale production. The cost for the production of commodities will decrease if the goods are produced on a larger scale.3. What does the theory of international specialization seek to answer?A: The theory of international specialization seeks to answer the question which countries will produce what goods, with what trade patterns among them.4. Will complete specialization occur in reality? Why?A: No, it may never occur. For strategic or domestic reasons, a country may continue to produce goods for which it does not have an advantage. The benefits of specialization may also be affected bytransport cost. Protectionist measures that are often taken by governments are also barriers to trade.5. What are tariff barriers? What is a customs area and what is a customs union?A: A Tariff barrier is a tax levied on a commodity when it crosses the boundary of customs areas. A customs area is usually coincides with the area of a country. And a customs area extending beyond national boundaries to include two or more independent nations is called a customs union.6. What is most favored nation treatment? Is it a very special treatment? Why?A: MFN treatment refers to a tariff treatment under which a country is required to extend to all signatories any tariff concessions granted to any participating country. It gives a country the lowest tariffs only within the tariff’sschedule, but it still possible to have lower tariffs.7. What is the most common form of non-tariff barriers? Explain itin a few words.A: Quotas or quantitative restrictions are the most common form of non-tariff barriers. A quota limits the imports or exports of a commodity during a given period of time. The limits may be in quantity or value terms, and quotas maybe on a country basis or global, without reference to countries.8. What are the differences between visible trade and invisible trade? Give a few examples of invisibletrade.A: Visible trade involves the import and export of goods and invisible trade involves the exchange of services between countries. Invisible trade is including transportation service, Insurance, tourism and the immigrant remittance from import and export labor service.9. Explain briefly the different kinds of tariffs.A: Import duties are tariffs levied on goods entering an area while export duties are taxes levied on goods leaving an areaLesson 7Answer the following questions:1. What sort of risks can arise when goods are being moved from one place to another? If risks do occur,what consequences would they bring about?A: Sending goods from one country to another, they have to face the risk, such as lost or damaged or delivery does not take place for some other reason. If risks do occur, the climate of confidence between parties may degenerate to the point where a law suit is brought.2. Why is it necessary to have Incoterms? And what is the purpose of making amendments and additionsto Incoterms?A: If, when drawing up their contract, buyer and seller have some commonly understood rules to specifically refer to, they can be sure ofdefining their respective responsibilities simply and safely. In sodoing they eliminate any possibility of misunderstanding and subsequent dispute.The purpose of Incoterms is to provide a set of international rulesfor the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade. Thus, the uncertainties of different interpretations of suchterms in different countries can be avoided or at least reduced to a considerable degree.3. What is the main characteristic of Incoterms 1990?A: The main reason for the 1990 revision of Incoterms was the desireto adapt terms to the increasing use of electronic data interchange.4. What are the four different categories of terms in Incoterms 2000?A: In Incoterms 2000, the terms have been grouped in four basically different categories: Group E (departure), Group F (Main carriage unpaid), Group C (Main carriage paid) and Group D (Arrival).5. Why should the compilers of Incoterms 2000 take the trouble toset forth in detail the division of duties,taxes, costs and charges etc. of both sellers and buyers, as some of them are irrelevant to either theseller or the buyer?A: As with respect to the division between the parties of duties,taxes and other official charges, as well as the costs of carrying out customs formalities, the terms explain for the sake of clarity how suchcosts are divided between the parties although, of course, the seller might not have any interest at all in the buyer’s further disposal of the goods after they have been delivered to him.6. In what areas are substantive changes made with Incoterms 2000?A: The substantive changes have been made in some areas: one is the customs clearance and payment of duty obligations under FAS and DEQ. Two is the loading and unloading obligations under FCA.Lesson8Answer the following questions:1. What is a contract? What may happen if contraction party fails to fulfill his obligations? A: A contract is an agreement which sets forth binding obligations of the relevant parties. If the party that fails to fulfill his contractual obligations may be sued and forced to make compensation.2. Mention the two types of business negotiations, and give examples of each.A: Oral and written business negotiations. Oral businessnegotiations refer to face-to-face discussions or those conducted through international trunk calls. Written negotiations often begin with enquiries.3. Is an inquiry binding on the inquirer? What are a first inquiry, and what information should be givenin it?A: No, it isn’t. A first enquiry is an enquiry sent to an exporter whom the importer has never dealt with. The information should be given in the enquiry as to how the name and address of the exporter have been obtained, the business line and usual practice of the importer, etc.4. What is a firm offer? What contents should be included in a firm offer?A: A firm offer is a promise to sell goods at a stated price. In making a firm offer, mention should be made of the time of shipment and the model of payment desired in addition to an exact description of the goods including the quantity, quality, specifications, packing, validity period, etc.5. Is a counter offer an acceptance or a refusal of the original offer? What happens to the offer once acounter offer is made?A: A counter-offer is a refusal of the offer that will be invalid and unbinding once a counter-offer is made. 6. Is a written contract a must internationally for the conclusion of a transaction? What is the case inChina? What are the functions of a written contract?A: A written contract is generally prepared and signed as the proof of the agreement and as the basis for its execution.7. What is the difference between a sales contract and a purchase contract, and between a contract and aconfirmation?A: A Contract is made by the seller, is called a sales contract, and when made by the buyer, a purchase contract. A sales or purchase confirmation is less detailed than a contract, covering only the essential terms of the transaction.8. Give the major items of the contract proper.A. The titleB. The contract propera. The name and address of the buyer and the sellerb. The details of the commodity transactionc. The terms and conditions mutually agreedd. Indication of the number of original copies, language(s) used, and the validityC. The signatures of the contracting partiesD. The stipulations on the back of the contract9. Are the stipulations on the back of the contract its constituent parts? Are they binding on thecontracting parties?A: The stipulations on the back of the contract are constituent parts of the contract and are equally binding upon the contracting parties.Lesson 9Answer the following questions:1. What is counter trade? Why has it attracted so much attention?。

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