完整word版,大学英语四级选词填空高频30词

高频词汇1. competition n. 竞争，比赛2. exception n. 例外，除外3. issue n. 问题/ v. 发行，发布4. phenomenon n. 现象，事件5. recession n. 经济衰退，不景气6. resource n. 资源，物力7. result n. 结果/ v. 产生8. survey n. / v. 调查9. variety n. 多样，种类10. worth n. 财富，价值/ adj. 值得的11. adapt v. 适应12. analyze v. 分析13. cause n. 原因，理由/ v. 成为……的原因，导致14. determine v. 决定，确定15. invest v. 投资，花费16. involve v. 包含，牵涉17. maintain v. 保持，保养18. range v. 把……分类，范围从（与from连用）19. reduce v. 减少，缩小20. specialize v. 专门从事，专攻（与in连用）21. available adj. 可获得的，有空的22. average adj. 平常的，平均的/ n. 平均水平23. domestic adj. 家庭的，国内的24. excessive adj. 过度的，极度的25. particular adj. 特别的，详细的26. suitable adj. 合适的，适当的27. total adj. 总计的（金额等）/ n. 总计，总数28. especially adv. 尤29. really adv. 真，真正30. increasingly adv. 越来越多地1. similar：相似的；particular：特别的2. equal：平等的；inequality：不平等3. appropriate：恰当的4. competitive：竞争的5. in comparison with：与……相比6. by means of：用……方法7. be accustomed to：习惯于8. in short ：简言之9. out of：处于；run out of：用完；go out of：离开10. associate with：与……相关联2015年6月英语四级听力真题：试卷一短对话Short conversations1.W: I’m goin g to give up playing chess. I lost again today.M: Just because you lost? Is that any reason to quit?Q: What does the man imply?2.M: Do you know Sally’s new address? She’s got some mail here, and I’d like to forward it to her. W: Well, we’ve not been in touch for quite a while. Let’s see. Mary should know it.Q: What does the woman mean?3.W: I missed classes this morning. Could you please lend me your notes?M: My notes? You’ve never see my handwriting, have you?Q: What does the man imply?4.M: I’m t aking my girlfriend to the fancy new restaurant for her birthday tonight.W: I went there last weekend, I found it rather disappointing.Q: What does the woman mean?5.W: Winter is over at last. Time to put away my gloves and boots.M: I’ve been waiting f or this for months.Q: What does the man mean?6.W: Thank you for bringing the books back.M: I thought you need them over the weekend. Many thanks for letting me use them.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7.W: Are you working flexible hours?M: No, I’m not. The weather today is so nice, so I decided to walk to work, and that meant I had to leave an hour earlier than usual.Q: What did the man decided to do?8.W: Our plane has been circling for a long time. Why the delay?M: The airport is closed for a while this morning, and things are still not back to normal.Q: What does the man mean?Long conversation长对话二Man: Miss Yamada, did you ever think that you would find yourself living and working in the western world?Woman: No, not really, although I’ve always listened to recordings of great orchestras from Europe.Man: So you enjoyed classical music even when you were very young?Woman: Oh, yes. I was an only child.Man: You were born in 1955, is that right?Woman: Yes, I began violin lessons at school when I was 6.Man: As young as that, did you like it?Woman: Oh, yes, very much.Man: When did you first play on your own? I mean, when did you give your first performance? Woman: I think I was 8…? No, Nine. I just had my birthday a week before, and my father had bought me a new violin. I played a small piece at the school concert.Man: Did you know then that you would become a professional violinist?Woman: Yes, I think so. I enjoy playing the violin very much, and I didn’t mind practicing, sometimes three or four hours a day.Man: And when did you first come to Europe?Woman: I was very lucky. When I was fifteen, I won a scholarship to a college in Paris. That was for a three-year course.Man: How did your parents feel about that?Woman: I think they were pleased and worried at the same time. It was the chance of a lifetime. But of course I would be thousands of miles from home. Anyway, I studied in Paris for three years and then went back to Tokyo.13. What do we know about the woman before she went to Europe?14. What does the woman say about her music experience?15. What does the woman say about her study in Paris?Spot DictationLooking at the basic biology systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is prospering. Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the decade. The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the opposite of economic indicators?The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resources uses that sustain progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product (GNP). In simple terms, this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment. Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped establish a common way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work reasonably well, but serious weakness are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not take into account the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests.This basic fault can produce a misleading sense of national economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forest actually do better than those that preserve their forest. The trees cut down are counted as income but no subtraction is made for using up the forests.Passage One （预测阅读话题：互联网时代受争议的热点）California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. "Starting this fall with high school math and science, we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with astate-approved list of digital textbooks." That was Governor in June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital ones can offer the latest information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning more fun and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. More than six million students attend California public schools.Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools. These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements. Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK 12 Foundation, a non-profit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo, a California Department of Education official, says she does not expect widespread use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them, but only in addition to their traditional books.School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.1. We learn from the passage that the Digital Textbook Initiative _______.[A] will probably take effect in six years[B] covers all the high school subjects[C] has been approved by all states[D] is advocated by California state governor2. The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to _______.[A] help schools save money[B] benefit the environment[C] provide interesting materials[D] reduce students' heavy burden3. What does the author say about CK 12 Foundation?[A] It approved and produced 16 digital textbooks.[B] It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.[C] It is financed by California state government.[D] It makes money through developing digital textbooks.4. According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks _______.[A] are not likely to have a widespread use[B] will soon replace traditional ones[C] will first be adopted by well-equipped schools[D] are certain to be approved by school districts5. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Schools are reluctant to print out copies.[B] The use of digital textbooks is not really free.[C] Students need to pay for computers.[D] Training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficient.1.答案：D解析：本题为推断题。