【恒心】【每周一练】大学英语四级-信息匹配题及答案详解【第四周】【李炳璋提供】

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最新大学英语四级匹配题+详解

最新大学英语四级匹配题+详解

长篇阅读——匹配题Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1Paper —More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are manyvarieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst thecorn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose(纤维素化合物)-based material which will includemany woods, cottons and grasses of which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery andthen boiled with strong alkalies(碱) such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This isessential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paperback books will have a life of no greater than fifty years, not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left inthe paper". The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications. It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive.G) However, it is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever incarefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and in some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking,and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such asbleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using onlyfine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superior ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Lignin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from “Paper from Rag” is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.文章精要:本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性,通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程,使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。

新四级阅读匹配题答案

新四级阅读匹配题答案

四级阅读新题型--信息匹配题Model Test 1D 1 American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.C 2 Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.I 3 The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.E 4 The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.C 5 Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.H 6 The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.G7 The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.F 8 Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application. A9 Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.I10 When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.Model Test 2F1. The Coast-to-Coast Rock Highway was finished in 1930s.C 2. The Natchez Trace was not a road in a real sense because it was just a path used by walking or riding.I3. In the late 20th century, the Interstate Highway System was officially renamed after Eisenhower in honor of his vision and the leadership.A4. By using the national road system, one can drive to almost anywhere of America without stopping.F5. Eisenhower once believed that a national highway system would come to the aid of national defense. G6. Legislation that built a national highway system was not signed until the 1950s.H7. The experience gained while building the system had worldwide influence on the building of highways.I8.The biggest change brought about by the interstate system was to provide people with freedom of mobilityH9. It is believed that trucks using the Interstate Highway System deliver more than 75 percent of all goods..E10. Although Henry Joy agreed to fund the project of the Coast-to-Coast Rock Highway, he askedto name the highway after a President.Model Test 3H 1. This is a puzzle for many people uneasy about experimenting on the brains of creatures so close in evolutionary terms to ourselves as primates.E2. The marmosets are housed in big rooms and the cages are full of ladders, beams and ropes.F 3. In the experiment, Peter tries his best to offer all their welfares to the animals. He prepares the monkeys’ dailymenu in the marmoset kitchen by himself.B4. The experiments show that the specific brain region even a quiet small area knocked out is extremely important for subtle behavioral abilities.D5. Police have found Jessica’s name on a hit list compiled by animal rights extremists as a target,because her teats on animals.G6. In fact, mistreatments of animals in experiments would be counter-productive, because animals forced into participating in experiments would give results which are not reliable lead to fail endings.C7. This Spring, the renowned primatologist, Dr Jane Goodall urged the EU to do more to promote other ways to cures in order to end primate testing altogether.I 8. OCD patients feel compelled to repeat behaviors such as washing their hands.A9. Looking at the screen for a long time, Anna opts for the diamond and is plunged into darkness in her glass box.G10. Groups who oppose animals testing claim that scientists treat their monkeys badly and force them to perform by starving them and withholding water.Model Test 4H 1 Most scientists believe there is the critical time for language acquisition.F 2 Electrical measurements are used to show that young children use a much larger area of the brain than older children or adults.H 3 Although young children use large areas of the brain for language processing early in life, they later utilize circuits in the left brain area as this enhances language-learning.B 4 Brushing our teeth, signing our names or driving a car we don’t need conscious think.C 5 Window of opportunity is almost closed when we become adults.G 6 It is the brain’s left hemisphere that is more suitable for language development even if it is inured.B7 We know that deep motor area controls the movement of the hands.E8 Plausibility has non-physiological and physiological explanations in common.C9 Even if adults receive much training in a second language their brains are still operating differently from children’s on a neurological level.D 10Foreign language teacher affect the latest research.Model Test 5G 1 Simplicity is still considered a strength of Newsweek’s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.I 2 To better serve the children and our nation, schools should hire gifted teachers and encourage students to take tough subjects.E 3 In the late 1990s, Hillsdale’s students’ school performance was getting worse.H 4 According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use many different measures.C 5 Most noticeable of all, some large schools have split up into smaller ones in high school education.C 6 The schools funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are mostly small in size.D7 Newsweek ranked high schools according to their college-level test participation.A 8 Fifty years ago, big, modern, suburban high schools were established in the hope of providing good education for baby boomers.B9 As a result of setting up big schools, students’ performance declined.F10 According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could maintain closer relationships with their teachers.Model Test 6H 1. The development of the inter-state highway system promoted service stations, motels and restaurants.F2. Because of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is lower than that of other American roads.G 3.The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was personal freedom of mobility.H4. Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than 75percent of the nation’s freight.B5. General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-Lane highways of America.I6. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition his vision and leadership.B7. There were no national standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.D8. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.D9. Many of the problems presented by the country's geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.G10. The interstate highway system provides people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits in America.Model Test 7G 1 Using a special email address in the job search can help prevent you from receiving unwelcome emails.B 2 Robert Ellis Smith believes identity theft is difficult to detect and one can hardly do anything to prevent it.C 3 In many cases, identity theft not only causes the victims’ immediate financial losses but costs them a lot to restore their reputation.A 4 Identity theft is a major offence and it is estimated that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year.D 5 It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.E 6 offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose.F7 Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.H8 To protect your references, you should not post online their names and contact information.A 9 According to the passage, identity theft is committed typically for economic gain.I10 Employers do not require applicants to submit very personal information with an initial application.Model Test 8H1Until just before 1952’s Christmas the death rate remained above 900 per day.F2 In the Isle of Dogs, the fog was so thick that people could not see their own feet!D3 Particles and gases from factory chimney were trapped beneath the inversion of an anticyclone.E4 Early on 5 December in the London area, weather conditions were ideal for the formation of radiation fog.C5 The fog of December 1952 was not the first to bring death and inconveniences to the capital.I6 Legislation following the Great smog of 1952 was effective at controlling pollution in London.D7 To keep warm, the people of London were burning large quantities of coal in their grates.A8 The fogs endangered health and also posed a threat to travelers who lost their way and thus become an easy prey to robbers.D9 The people of London were burning large quantities of coal in their grates in order to keep warm.A10 Like other major cities, London is badly affected by the polluted and noxious mists and fogs.。

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题三解析

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题三解析

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题三解析大学英语四级信息匹配练习题三解析Section AMatch the following items in two columns, A and B.Column A1、New York: The Big Apple. Home of the United Nations and the famous Empire State Building.2、Paris: The City of Light. Famous for its museums, landmarks like the Eiffel Tower, and exquisite cuisine.3、London: The Home of Champions. Center of English literature and the site of famous landmarks like Big Ben and Buckingham Palace.4、Tokyo: The City of Buses. Famous for its extensive bus system and shopping districts.5、Beijing: The Capital City. Founded in 1037, it is the cultural and political center of China.Column B1、Famous for its red buses and black taxis.2、Home to over 40 million people and one of the largest cities in the world.3、Famous for its museums, landmarks, and exquisite cuisine.4、Home to the world's busiest airports and one of the largest cities on the Atlantic coast.5、Founded in 58 BC and the longest continuously inhabited city in the world.答案:1、New York - Home to the world's busiest airports and one of the largest cities on the Atlantic coast. 解释:在问题中提到了纽约是“The Big Apple”,联合国的所在地,以及著名的帝国大厦,而答案中提到了纽约是世界上最大的城市之一,拥有世界上最繁忙的机场之一,因此答案为纽约。

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

⼤学英语四级信息匹配练习题⼤学英语四级信息匹配练习题⼀Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage withten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Preparing for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data.Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some pointyou'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups inrelatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a seriousdisaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in apinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need tofind a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractivealternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away fromyour home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumpsin the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.对应题⽬:1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案参考:1. A 根据题⼲中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本⽂的第⼀段。

【恒心】大学英语四级给力突破系列-复合式听写【李炳璋原创】【大学讲师专版】【自学冲刺专版】

【恒心】大学英语四级给力突破系列-复合式听写【李炳璋原创】【大学讲师专版】【自学冲刺专版】

编者:李炳璋(原来李东升)
李炳璋(原名李东升) 3
复合式听写(Compound Dictation) -----大学英语四级辅导系列
【试题溯源】 1997年6月复合式听写(Compound Dictation)这种题型 在全国大学英语四级考试中首次“粉墨登场”,它的出现增加 了大学英语四级考试的难度。复合式听写不仅考查考生的听力 理解能力,还考查考生的拼写能力、速记能力(做笔记能力)、 语言组织能力(书面表达能力)和语义能力等。也正因如此, 复合式听写试题一出来后,在历次考试都是让很多考生的非常 头痛的一题,想在听力部分得满分也变得更加艰难。
• 44题至46题中凡信息不全或局部信息有误扣0.5分;
• 44题至46题中如出现明显属于笔误造成的但不改变原意的拼写 错误和大小写、标点符号错误,不扣分; • 用汉语回答问题不给分。
李炳璋(原名李东升) 9
【考查重点】
词类的考查:词汇听写以实词、动词为主,形容词、 副词、介词等为辅。 句子的考查:含有并列连词的并列句;主从关系的 句子(如定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句)等等。 下面重点讲解一下关于词类的考查:
【关键词】
溯源、演变、要求、规律、标准、重点、攻略、秘笈。
李炳璋(原名李东升) 1
个人简介:李炳璋(原名李东升),为人低调,和蔼亲切,耐心 细致,对高考知识的研究一丝不苟,虽然为学生,但对高考颇 有研究,辅导过很多高考学生和大学生英语四六级。2013年期间 在网上默默为近万名高考考生免费辅导过,深受好评! 距离2013 年高考还有50天,本人将陪2013年高考考生一起奋斗到最后!最 值得欣赏的风景是自己奋斗过的足迹! 个人成就:全国唯一一位曾经连续三年命中过高考试题中一些理 科和文科试题的人,高考研究专家﹑高考命题专家﹑高考辅导 名师,擅长高考专业﹑个性辅导,英语四六级专业﹑个性辅导。 让很多辅导过的高中生受益,使其在高考中取得较为理想的成 绩!让一些大学生顺利通过英语四六级考试!

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

⼤学英语四级信息匹配练习题⼤学英语四级信息匹配练习题⼀Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage withten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Preparing for Computer DisastersA) Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B) Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences—melted computers, system failures, destroyed data.Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some pointyou'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major DisastersC) House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups inrelatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a seriousdisaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D) There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in apinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E) Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need tofind a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractivealternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away fromyour home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer CrisisF) Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for DisasterG) When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H) Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumpsin the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.对应题⽬:1. You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案参考:1. A 根据题⼲中的信息词recover from computer disasters定位到本⽂的第⼀段。

英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题

英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题

英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题Lazy is a mother, she has a son: robbery, and a daughter: hunger. 以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语四级阅读信息匹配练习题,希望能给大家带来帮助!Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going tobe more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.文章精要:本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性,通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程,使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的了解。

四级考试阅读匹配习题详解

四级考试阅读匹配习题详解

四级考试阅读匹配习题原文:Beauty and Body Image in the Mediataller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the et from lack of food. Women magazine are full of article urging that if they can jut loe thoe lat twenty pound, theyll have it allthe perfect marriage, loving children, great e某, and a rewarding career.[C] The take are huge. On the one hand, women who are inecure about their bodie are more likely to buy beauty product, new clothe, and diet aid. It i etimated that the diet indutry alone i worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year elling temporary weight lo (90% to 95% of dieter regain the lot weight). On the other hand, reearch indicate that e某poure to image of thin, young, air-bruhed female bodie i linked to depreion, lo of elf-eteem and the development of unhealthy eating habit in women and girl.[D ] The American reearch group Anore某ia Nervoa Related Eating Diorder, Inc. ay that one out of every four college-aged women ue unhealthy method of weight controlincluding fating, kipping meal, e某ceive e某ercie, la某ative (泻药)abue, and elf-induced vomiting. The preure to be thin i alo affecting young girl: the Canadian Women Health Network warn that weight control meaure are now being taken by girl a young a 5 and 6. American tatitic are imilar. Several tudie, uch a one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2022 titled Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girl: Media and Peer Influence on Body Diatifaction, indicate that nearly half of all preadolecent girl wih to be thinner, and a a reult have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girl 6 to 12 year old have been on at leat one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girl believe they are overweight. Overall reearch indicate that 90% of women are diatified with their appearance in ome way. Media activit Jean Kilbourne conclude that, Women are old to the diet indutry by the magazine we read and the televiion program we watch, almot all of which make u feel an某iou about our weight.malnutrition. Jill Barad, Preident of Mattel (which manufacture Barbie), etimated that 99% of girl aged 3 to 10 year old own at leat one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girl who eek a imilarly underweight body i epidemic, and they can uffer equally devatating health conequence. In 2022 it wa etimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating diorder.[G] There have been effort in the magazine indutry to buck (才氐制,对抗)the trend. For everal year the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce ha conitently included full-ized women in their fahion page and Chatelaine ha pledged not to touch up photo and not to include model le than 25 year of age. In Madrid, one of the world bigget fahion capital, ultra-thin model were banned from the runway in 2022. Furthermore Spain ha recently undergone a project with the aim to tandardizeclothing ize through uing a unique proce in which a laer beam i ued to meaure real life women bodie in order to find the mot true to life meaurement.[ H] Another iue i the repreentation of ethnically divere women in the media.A 2022 tudy conducted by Juanita Covert and Travi Di某on titled A Changing View: Repreentation and Effect of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Maintream Women Magazine found that although there wa an increae in the repreentation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepreented in maintream women magazine from 1999 to 2022.四级考试阅读匹配习题选项:1. A report in Teen magazine howed that 50% to 70% girl with normal weight think that they need to loe weight.2. On the whole, for 6 year white women had been occupying much more pace in maintream women magazine ince 1999.3. Some negative effect uch a depreion and unhealthy eating habit in female are related to their being e某poed to image of thin and young female bodie.5. It i reported that there i at leat one meage about the method for women to change their bodily appearance on more than three-quarter of the cover of women magazine.6. Some film and televiion actree even faint on the cene due to eating too little.7. Too much concern with appearance make it impoible to change uch abnormal trend.8. Reearcher found that a real woman with Barbie-doll proportion would eventually die from malnutrition.9. The Quebec magazine Coup (e Pouce reit the trend by conitently including full-ized women in their fahion page for everal year.10. According to ome analyt, the fundamental reaon of impoing tandard of beauty on women i economic profit.四级考试阅读匹配习题答案详解:1. [D]题干意为,《青少年》杂志上的一项报道称,有50%到70%体重正常的女孩认为自己需要减肥。

【恒心】大学英语四级【每周一练】Translation(第十四周)【李炳璋提供】

【恒心】大学英语四级【每周一练】Translation(第十四周)【李炳璋提供】

【每周一练】Part ⅥTranslation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English . You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.我们中国是世界上最大的国家之一,它的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。

在这个广大的领土之上,有广大的肥田沃地给我们以衣食之源;有纵横全国的大小山脉(mountain ranges across its length and breadth),生长了广大的森林,贮藏了丰富的矿产;有很多的江河湖泽,给我们以舟揖(water transport)和灌溉(irrigation)之利;有很长的海岸线,给我们以交通海外各民族的方便。

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________请需要参考答案的童鞋向824135830索要!。

大学英语四级信息匹配

大学英语四级信息匹配

.专业整理 .大学英语四、六级考试信息匹配题阅读训练Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in oneof the paragraph. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1Surviving the RecessionA)America ’srecession began quietly at the end of 2007. Since then it hasevolved into a global crisis. Reasonable people may disagree aboutwhom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever as they thought theywere? Regulators falling asleep at work? Consumers who borrowed toomuch? Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for thosewho could not afford it? All are guilt; and what a mess they have created.B)Since 2007 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of theworkforce are jobless or underemployed—roughly 25 million workers. Theonly industries swelling their payrolls are health care, utilities and thefederal government. The value of listed shares in American firms collapsedby 57% from its peak in October 2007 to a low in March this year, thoughit has since bounded back somewhat. Industrial production fell by 12.8%in the year to March, the worst slide since the Second World War. MarkZandi, an economist at Moody’, predicts that the recession will shrink America’seconomy by 3.5% in total.“For most executives, this is the worst business environment they’ve ever seen.”C) Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median(中位数的)pay for chief executives of S&P 500 companies fell 6.8% in 2008.The overthrown business giants of Wall Street took the biggest knock,with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But there wassome pain for everyone: median pay for chief executives of non-financialfirms in the S&P 500 fell by 2.7%.D)Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson,the president of Marriott hotel, likens the crisis to the downturn that hithis business after September 11 th , 2001. When the twin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter ever, with revenues per room falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel industry is“putting the same numbers on the board ”, says Mr. Sorenson.E)Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders, propertyfirms and retailers have gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry had the capacity to make 17million vehicles. Sales in 2009 could be barely half of that. The Big ThreeAmerican carmakers — General Motors, Ford and Chrysler—accumulated ruinous costs over the post-war years, such as gold-plated health plansand pensions for workers who retired as young as 48. All three are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form.F) Hard times breed hard feeling. Few Americans understand what causedthe recession. Some are seeking scapegoats(替罪羊). Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been summoned to Washington tobe scolded on live television. The president condemns their greed.G)Business folks are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant.Meetings at resorts are suddenly unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, aninvestment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas at the last minuteand rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun.H) Anyway, the pain will eventually end.American business will regain itsshine. Many firms will die, but the survivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector ’s share of the economy will shrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financialfirms will accordingly rise, along with their ability to attract the best talent.America will remain the best place on earth to do business, so long asBarack Obama and the Democrats in Congress resist the temptation tointerfere too much, and so long as organized labors does not overplay itshand.I)Mr. Obama ’s plan to curb carbon dioxide emissions (排放), thoughnecessary, will be far from cost-free, whatever his sunny speeches on thesubject might suggest. The shift to a low-carbon economy will help some firms,hurt others and require every organization that uses much energyto rethink how it operates. It is harder to predict how Mr. Obama ’sproposed reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out.If hesucceeds in curbing costs—a big if—it would be a huge gain for America.Some business will benefit but the vast bulk of the savings will becaptured by workers, not their employers.J)In the next couple of years the businesses that thrive will be those that are tight with costs, careful of debt, cautious with cash flow and extremelyattentive to what customers want. They will include plenty of names noone has yet heard of.K) Times change, and corporations change with them. In 1955 Time’sMan of the Year was Harlow Curtice, the boss of GM. His firm was leading America towards a new“ economic order”,the magazine wrote. Thanks to men likeCurtice, “the bonds of scarcity ”had been broken and America was rolling“to an all-time high of prosperity”.Soon, Americans would need to spend“ comparativelylittle time earning a living”.L) Half a century later GM is a typical example for poor management. InMarch its chief executive was fired by Time’scurrent Man of the Year, Mr.Obama. The government now backs up the domestic car industry, lendingit money and overseeing its turnaround plans. With luck, this will be short-lived. But there is a danger that Washington will end up micromanaging not only Detroit but also other parts of the economy. Andclever as Mr. Obama’sadvisers are, history suggests they will be bad atthis.1.The America ’srecession affected the hotel industry as badly as the 9/11terrorist attack.2.Businessmen are trying to avoid seeming wasteful in response to the recession.3.In the near future, a thriving business will go with cautiousmanagement tactics.4.Much doubt remains whether the Obama administration will do well inmicromanaging the America’seconomy.5. A combination of causes is responsible for the current American recession,which began in 2007.6.The government is not supposed to interfere too much in American businesses.7.The big Three American carmakers need restructuring to survive dueto their accumulation of the ruinous costs over the post-war years.8.In March, GM ”s chief executive was fired by Obama for poor management.9.According to the author, Obama ’splan to limit carbon dioxide emissionswill by no means be inexpensive.10.At the worst time, the total value of listed shares in American firmsshrank by fifty-seven percent.(DGJLA HELIB)Passage twoSmall schools RisingA)This year ’slist of the top 100 high schools shows that today, thosewith fewer students are flourishing.B)Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big,modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands.As baby boomers (二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人)came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses,and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understandthe trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构),the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students. SAT scores began dropping in 1963; today, on average, 30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that risesto 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching tohigher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted insignificantly better performance in elementary (and some middle) schools,high schools for a variety of reason seemed to have made little progress.C) Size isn ’teverything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen anoticeable countertrend toward smaller schools.This has been due, in part, to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1000small schools — most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade. About 500 more are on the drawingboard. Districts all over the county are taking notice, along with mayors incities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, withonly 120 high-schools and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet, with383, which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School inBuffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students.And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签), such as H.B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all,there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools thathave split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in thesame grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching tothe same band.D) Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif., is one of those, ranking No. 423—among the top 2% in the country—on Newsweek’sannual ranking of America ’stop high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100schools had graduating classes smaller than 100 students. This year thereare 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full Newsweek list of the top 5% ofschools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.E)Although many of Hillsdale ’sstudents came from wealthy households, by thelate 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned theunaffectionate nickname“Hillsjail”. Jeff Gibert, a Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment,“How did that student graduated?”F) So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three“houses”,romantically namedFlorence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders arerandomly assigned to one of the houses, where they will keep the samefour core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for11th and 12 th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced bythe institution of“advisory”classes. Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everythingfrom homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers alsomeet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they aredeeply invested in the students’success.“We’re constantly talking aboutone another’sadvisers,”says English teacher Chris Crockett.“If you hear that yours isn ’tdoing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean’s office, it ’slike a personal failure.”Along with the new structure came amore demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen takingbiology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some. But by senior year,two-thirds have moved up to physics,”says Gilbert.“Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know themand care for them.”But not all schools show advances after downsizing,and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.G)The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in yearspast, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years the system has come in for its share ofcriticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it’seasy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they’d like.H)Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38superintendents (地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that theirschools be excluded from the calculation.“It is impossible to know whichhigh schools are ‘the best ’in the nation, ”their letter read, in part.“Determining whether different schools do or don’toffer a high quality of education requires a look at many different measures, including students’overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance incollege. And taking into consideration the unique needs of theircommunities. ”I)In the end the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, whichis, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here;we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serveour children and our nation by encouraging students to make toughsubjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep workingtoward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won’tbe necessary.1.In practical use, simplicity is still considered a strength of Newsweek ’sschool ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.2.As a result setting up big schools, students’performance declined.3.Newsweek ranked high schools according to their college-level testparticipation.4.Half a century ago, big, modern, suburban high schools wereestablished to ensure efficient education for baby boomers.5.It is agreed that qualified teachers, better services and encouragement arekeys to reaching the ultimate goal of school education.6. The most noticeable trend in high school education is the splitting oflarge schools into smaller ones.7. It is still unknown whether smaller schools will be a solution to alleducational problems.8.High schools funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation aresmall in size.9.Different measures should be used in assessing the quality of school education.10.The “advisory ”classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students couldmaintain closer relationship with their teachers.(GBDBI CFCHF)Passage 3.HighwaysA) Early in the 20th century, most of the streets and roads in the U.S. weremade of dirt, brick, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, andfoot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrow toaccommodate (容纳)automobiles.B) With the increase in auto p roduction, private turnpike (收费公路)companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 therewere 387000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam (forwhom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed theimportance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no nationalstandards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World . 学习帮手 .War I. roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weightof trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the U.S. army’sfirst transcontinental motor convoy(车队), he noted:“The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lanehighways, but Germany’sAutobahn or motorway had made me see thewisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”C)It would take another war before the federal government would act on anational highway system. During World War II, a tremendous increase intrucks and new roads were required. The war demonstrated how criticalhighways were to the defense effort. Thirteen percent of defense plantsreceived all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shippedmore than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed thatlocal control of highways had led to a confusing variety of design standards.Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states allowed trucks up to 36000 pounds, while others restricted anything over 7000 pounds. A government study recommended a national highway system of33920 miles, and congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called for strict, centrally controlled design criteria.D)The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has beenhailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century. To buildits 44000-mile web of highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of uniqueengineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider themany geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, deserts and plains. Variables included the slope of theland, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of roaduse, and the nature of the underlying soil. Urban areas were another problem. Innovative designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges,overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face ofAmerica.E)Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs inLouisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkabletunnels like Fort McHeny in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, metmany of the nation ’s physical challenges. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program sooninfluenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable inimproving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.F)Today, the interstate system links every major city in the U.S. withCanada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have widelanes and shoulders, dividing medians, or barriers, long entry and exitlanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The deathrate on highways is half of all other U.S. roads (.86 deaths per 100 millionpassenger miles compared to 1.99 per 100 million on all other roads).G)By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumergoods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people withgreater options in term of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care,and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individualswith what they cherish most: personal freedom of mobility.H)The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation ’s economicgrowth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75percent the nation ’sfreight deliveries arrive by truck; and most productsthat arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey byvehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the America economyby providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers.It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and otherindustries from urban areas to rural.I)By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads,residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions ofvehicles. The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower tohonor his vision and leadership. The year construction began he said:“Together, the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear—United States.Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts.”1. Many of the problems presented by the country’sgeographical featuresfound solutions in innovative engineering projects.2. A century ago, there were almost no national standards for paved roadsin the U.S.3.The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition ofhis vision and leadership.4.General Eisenhower felt that the broad motorways made more sensethan the two-lane highways of America.5.It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took actionto build a national highway system.6.Under safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is muchlower than that of other American roads.7.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than seventy-five percent ofthe freight in U.S.8.Thanks to the highways, American people can go anywhere they like aroundthe country.9.To a certain extent, the development of interstate highway system inAmerica has promoted the nation’seconomic growth.10.In terms of highway construction, the whole world was influenced bythe U.S.(DBIBD FHGHE)Passage 4The MagicianThe revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginningA) When it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry,or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His productlaunches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce asif by magic an“incredible”new electronic gadget(小器具)in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman.All computers do is fetch and work with numbers, he once explained, but doit fast enough and“the results appear to be magic”.Mr. Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging the magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.B)The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outsideApple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof thatMr. Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clevermoney-maker. He stood out in three ways — as a technologist, as a corporate leader and as somebody who was able to make people lovewhat had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it isthis last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live.The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning.C) As a technologist, Mr. Jobs was different because he was not an engineer— and that was his great strength.Instead he was keenly interested inproduct design and aesthetics (美学) , and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formedidea — the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player,the smartphone, the tablet computer(平板电脑)—and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each otherto follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes incomputing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful forexisting firms but welcomed by millions of consumers.D)Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy,permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time.That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision,an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinarytrajectory (轨迹)of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, isan inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for theworse. The way in which Mr. Jobs revived the failing company he hadco-founded and turned it into the world’sbiggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gate’sMicrosoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple sodramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywoodmovie.E)But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr. Jobs was the absoluteloyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselvesto be part of a community, with Mr. Jobs as its leader. Andthere was indeed a personal link. Apple ’s products were designed to accordwith the boss ’staste and to meet his extremely high standards. Every iPhone orMacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combinean emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting productfeel personal. And that is what put Mr. Jobs on the right side of history, astechnological innovationhas moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.F) As our special report in this issue (printed before Mr. Jobs ’s death)explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporatelaboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone intoreverse. Many people ’shomes now have more powerful, and more flexible,devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services aresmarter and easier to use than most companies ’systems.Familiarconsumer products are being adopted by businesses, government andthe armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions ofFacebook and creating their own“app stores ”to deliver software toemployees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals.Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continuesto swell. Apple ’sproducts are now being snapped up in Delhi and Dalianjust as in Dublin and Dallas.G) Mr. Jobs had a reputation as a control freak (怪人) , and his criticscomplained that the products and systems he designed were closed andinflexible, in the name of greater ease of use.Yet he also empoweredmillions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. Hisinsistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity,has become deep-rooted in his own company, and is spreading to rivalfirms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask:“What wouldSteve Jobs do? ”H)The gap between Apple and other tech firms is only likely to narrow. Thisweek ’sannouncement of a new iPhone by a management team led by TimCook, who replaced Mr. Jobs as chief executive in August, was generallyregarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr. Jobs to shower his star duston the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technologyfirm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon,whose company is doing the best job of following Apple ’slead in combininghardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there wereseveral attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr. Jobs, Mr. Bezosalso flattered him. With Mr. Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technologyfirms trying to arouse hisuncontrollable spirit in new products.I)Mr. Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a“reality distortion (扭曲) field ”,such were his powers of persuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channeling the magic ofcomputing into products that reshaped entire industries. The man whosaid in his youth that he wanted to“put a ding in the universe did”just that.1.Steve Jobs was obsessed with elegant and user-friendly gadgets,which was his great strength.2.In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products, critics complainedthat they were closed and inflexible.3.Steve Jobs fulfilled his promise and had succeeded in redefining the products incomputer industries.4.Steve Jobs started the era of personal technology, which has a profoundimpact on people’sway of life.5.Steve Jobs was thought highly of by leaders of many large companiesfor his achievements and personal charm.6.Integrating the easy-to-use elements to the utmost, Amazon hasbecome the best Apple follower many technology firms.7.Apple ’sproducts are very popular in many industries and places, bringingmuch comfort and convenience to people’slife and work.。

大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案)

大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案)

大学英语四级段落信息匹配专项练习(附答案)练习1Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A Grassroots RemedyA) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, and buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.B) But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived (丧失) , I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.C) The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD --attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (多动症). Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children usedonly to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.F) Most bullying (恃强凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls.G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality.I) In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings prove all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior.” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物). For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It is essential to our well-being, our health, our happiness. Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living things around us we are less than human.K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk: Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walk the child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit: Take a moment, every now and then, to be still in an open space. In the garden, anywhere that's not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, and feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink: The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering: talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background.Learn: Expand your boundaries. Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more: and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel: The places you always wanted to visit: by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a week-end break, a day-trip, get out these and do it: for the scenery, for the way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.46. The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.47. The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways.48. It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.49. Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature.50. Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found.51. Dr. William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.52. According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement.53. Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.54. We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking, sitting, drinking, learning and traveling.55. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.练习2Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Endangered PeoplesA) Today, it is not distance, but culture that separates the peoples of the world. The central question of our time may be how to deal with cultural differences. So begins the book, Endangered Peoples, by Art Davidson. It is an attempt to provideunderstanding of the issues affecting the world's native peoples. This book tells the stories of 21 tribes, cultures, and cultural areas that are struggling to survive. It tells each story through the voice of a member of the tribe. Mr. Davidson recorded their words. Art Wolfe and John Isaac took pictures of them. The organization called the Sierra Club published the book.B) The native groups live far apart in North America or South America, Africa or Asia. Yet their situations are similar. They are fighting the march of progress in an effort to keep themselves and their cultures alive. Some of them follow ancient ways most of the time. Some follow modern ways most of the time. They have one foot in ancient world and one foot in modern world. They hope to continue to balance between these two worlds. Yet the pressures to forget their traditions and join the modern world may be too great.C) Rigoberta Menchu of Guatemala, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, offers her thoughts in the beginning of the book Endangered Peoples. She notes that many people claim that native people are like stories from the past. They are ruins that have died. She disagrees strongly. She says native communities are not remains of the past. They have a future, and they have much wisdom and richness to offer the rest of the world.D) Art Davidson traveled thousands of miles around the world while working on the book. He talked to many people to gather their thoughts and feelings. Mr. Davidson notes that their desires are the same. People want to remain themselves he says. They want to raise their children the way they were raised. They want their children to speak their mother tongue, their own language. They want them to have their parents' values and customs. Mr. Davidson says the people’s cries are the same: “Does our culture have to die? Do we have to disappear as a people?”E) Art Davidson lived for more than 25 years among native people in the American state of Alaska. He says his interest in native peoples began his boyhood when he found an ancient stone arrowhead. The arrowhead was used as a weapon to hunt food. The hunter was an American Indian, long dead. Mr. Davidson realized then that Indians had lived in the state of Colorado, right where he was standing. And itwas then, he says, that he first wondered: “Where are they? Where did they go?” He found answers to his early question. Many of the native peoples had disappeared. They were forced off their lands. Or they were killed in battle. Or they died from diseases brought by new settlers. Other native peoples remained, but they had to fight to survive the pressures of the modern world.F) The Gwich'in are an example of the survivors. They have lived in what is now Alaska and Canada for 10,000 years. Now about 5,000 Gwich'in remain. They are mainly hunters. They hunt the caribou, a large deer with big horns that travels across the huge spaces of the far north. For centuries, they have used all parts of the caribou: the meat for food, the skins for clothes, the bones for tools. Hunting caribou is the way of life of the Gwich'in.G) One Gwich'in told Art Davidson of memories from his childhood. It was a time when the tribe lived quietly in its own corner of the world. He spoke to Mr. Davidson in these words: “As long as I can remember, someone would sit by a fire on the hilltop every spring and autumn. His job was to look for caribou. If he saw a caribou, he would wave his arms or he would make his fire to give off more smoke. Then the village would come to life! People ran up to the hilltop. The tribes seemed to be at its best at these gatherings. We were all filled with happiness and sharing!”H) About ten years ago, the modern world invaded the quiet world of the Gwich’in. Oil companies wanted to drill for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. This area was the please where the caribou gave birth to their young. The Gwich'in feared the caribou would disappear. One Gwich’in woman describes the situation in these words: “Oil development threatens the caribou. If the caribou are threatened, then the people are threatened. Oil company official and American lawmakers do not seem to understand. They do not come into our homes and share our food. They have never tried to understand the feeling expressed in our songs and our prayers. They have not seen the old people cry. Our elders have seen parts of our culture destroyed. They worry that our people may disappear forever.”I) A scientist with a British oil company dismisses (驳回) the fears of the Gwich'in. He also says they have no choice. They will have to change. The Gwich’in,however, are resisting. They took legal action to stop the oil companies. But they won only a temporary ban on oil development in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve. Pressures continue on other native people, as Art Davidson describes in his book. The pressures come from expanding populations, dam projects that flood tribal lands, and political and economic conflicts threaten the culture, lands, and lives of such groups as the Quechua of Peru, the Malagasy of Madagascar and the Ainu of Japan.J) The organization called Cultural Survival has been in existence for 22 years. It tries to protect the rights and cultures of peoples throughout the world. It has about 12,000 members. And it receives help from a large number of students who work without pay. Theodore MacDonald is director of the Cultural Survival Research Center. He says the organization has three main jobs. It does research and publishes information. It works with native people directly. And it creates markets for goods produced by native communities.K) Late last year, Cultural Survival published a book called State of the Peoples: a Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger. The book contains reports from researchers who work for Cultural Survival, from experts on native peoples, and from native peoples themselves. The book describes the conditions of different native and minority groups. It includes longer reports about several threatened societies, including the Penan of Malaysia and the Anishina be of North American. And it provides the names of organizations similar to Cultural Survival for activists, researchers and the press.L) David May bury-Lewis started the Cultural Survival organization. Mr. May bury-Lewis believes powerful groups rob native peoples of their lives, lands, or resources. About 6,000 groups are left in the world. A native group is one that has its own langue. It has a long-term link to a homeland. And it has governed itself. Theodore MacDonald says Cultural Survival works to protect the rights of groups, not just individual people. He says the organization would like to develop a system of early warnings when these rights are threatened.Mr. MacDonald notes that conflicts between different groups within a country have been going on forever and will continue. Such conflicts, he says, cannot be prevented. But they do not have tobecome violent. What Cultural Survival wants is to help set up methods that lead to peaceful negotiations of traditional differences. These methods, he says, are a lot less costly than war.46. Rigoberta Menchu, the Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1992, writes preface for the book Endangered Peoples.47. The book Endangered Peoples contents not only words, but also pictures.48. Art Davidson's initial interest in native people was aroused by an ancient stone arrowhead he found in his childhood, which was once used by an American Indian hunter.49. The native groups are trying very hard to balance between the ancient world and the modern world.50. By talking with them, Art Davidson finds that the native people throughout the world desire to remain themselves.51. Most of the Gwich'in are hunters, who live on hunting caribou.52. Cultural Survival is an organization which aims at protecting the rights and cultures of peoples throughout the world.53. According to Theodore MacDonald, the Cultural Survival organization would like to develop a system of early warnings when a society's rights are to be violated.54. The book State of the Peoples: a Global Human Rights Report on Societies in Danger describes the conditions of different native and minority groups.55. The Gwich' in tried to stop oil companies from drilling for oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Preserve for fear that it should drive the caribou away练习3Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Art of FriendshipA) One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong my family and I were healthy, my career was busy and successful -- I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let me rant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voice mail. That's when it started to dawn on me -- lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I'd been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, know everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them.B) Research has shown the long-range negative consequences of social isolation on one's health. But my concerns were more short-term. I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girlfriend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends: He couldn't, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire new friends -- women like me who had kids and enjoyed rolling their eyes at the world a little bit just as I did. Since I'd be making friends with more intention than I'd ever given the process, I realized I could be selective, that I could in effect design my own social life. The down side, of course, was that I felt pretty frightened.C) After all, it's a whole lot harder to make friends in midlife that it is when you're younger ----a fact woman I've spoken with point out again and again. As Leslie Danzig, 41, a Chicago theater director and mother, sees it, when you're in your teens and 20s, you're more or less friends with everyone unless there's a reason not to be. Your college roommate becomes your best pal at least partly due to proximity. Now there needs to be a reason to be friends. “There are many people I'm comfort-able around, but I wouldn't go so far as to call them friends. Comfort isn't enough to sustain a real friendship,” Danzig says.D) At first, finding new companions felt awkward. At 40, I couldn't run up topeople the way my 4-year-old daughters do in the playground and ask, “Will you be my friend? Every time you start anew relationship, you're vulnerable again,” agrees Kathleen Hall, D Min, founder and CEO of the Stress Institute, in Atlanta. “You're asking, ‘Would you like to come into my life?' It makes us self-conscious.”E) Fortunately, my discomfort soon passed. I realized that as a mature friend seeker my vulnerability risk was actually pretty low. If someone didn't take me up on my offer, so what: I wasn't in junior high, when I might have been rejected for having the wrong clothes or hair. At my age I have amassed enough self-esteem to realize that I have plenty to offer.F) We're all so busy, in fact, that mutual interests ---say, in a project, class, or cause that we already make time for --- become the perfect catalysts for bringing us in contact with candidates for camaraderie. Michelle Mertes, 35, a teacher and mother of two in Wausau, Wisconsin, says anew friend she made at church came as a pleasant surprise. “In high school I chose friends based on their popularity and how being part of their circle might reflect on me. Now's it's our shared values and activities that count.” Mertes says her pal, with whom she organized the church's youth programs, is nothing like her but their drive and organizational skills make them ideal friends.G) Happily, as awkward as making new friends can be, self-esteem issues do not factor in ---- or if they do, you can easily put them into perspective. Danzig tells of the mother of a child in her son's pre-school, a tall, beautiful woman who is married to a big-deal rock musician. “I said to my husband, she's too cool for me,'” she jokes. “I get intimidated by people. But once I got to know her, she turned out to be pretty laid-back and friendly.” In the end there was no chemistry between them, so they didn't become good pals. “I realized that we weren't each other's type, but it wasn't about hierarchy.” What midlife friendship is about, it seems, is reflecting the person you've become (or are still becoming) back at yourself, thus reinforcing the progress you've made in your life.H) Harlene Katzman, 41, a lawyer in New York City, notes that her oldest friends knew her back when she was less sure of herself. As much as she loves them, she believes they sometimes respond to is-sues in light of who she once was. An old chumhas the goods on you. With recently made friends, you can turn over a new leaf.I) A new friend, chosen right, can also help you point your boat in the direction you want to go. Hanna Dershowitz, 39, an attorney and mother in Los Angeles, found that a new acquaintance from workwas exactly what she needed in a friend. In addition to liking and respecting Julia, Dershowitz had a feeling that the fit and athletic younger woman would help her to get in shape.J) While you're busy making new friends, remember that you still need to nurture your old ones. We asked Maria Paul, author of The Friendship Crisis: Finding, Making, and Keeping Friends When You're Not a Kid Anymore, for the best ways to maintain these important relationships. Keep in touch. Your friends should be a priority; schedule regular lunch dates or coffee catch-up sessions, no matter how busy you are. Know her business. Keep track of important events in a friend's life and show your support. Call or e-mail to let her know you're thinking of her. Speak your mind. Tell a friend (politely) if something she did really upset you. If you can't be totally honest, then you need to reexamine the relationship. Accept her flaws. No one is perfect, so work around her quirks --she's chronically late, or she's a bit negative ----to cut down on frustration and fights. Boost her ego. Heartfelt compliments make everyone feel great, so tell her how much you love her new sweater or what a great job she did on a work project.46. Leslie Danzig thought making friends at one's middle age needed some reasons.47. A well-chosen new friend can help you go in the direction that you like.48. A few years ago the author felt lonely and depressed when she phoned her best friend in another city who was much wanted then but unavailable.49. According to Kathleen Hall, one might feel sensitive in the first curse of making new friends.50. Midlife friendship can help you realize your direction of life and reinforce the progress you've made in your life.51. In Maria Paul's book, to be a better friend, you should keep track with your friends, care for your friend's job, express yourself, accept her flaws and complimentyour friend for her/his good dressing and job.52. For the author, a girl friend might be the right person to under “stand her and erase her negative feeling.53. According to Michelle Metes, midlife friendship is based on the shared values and activities54. As a mature friend seeker, the author finds herself with enough confidence to offer and take rejection with grace.55. With newly made friends, you can have a chance to take on a new look in your life.练习4Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Promote Learning and Skills for Young People and AdultsA) This goal places the emphasis on the learning needs of young people and adults in the context of lifelong learning. It calls for fair access to learning programs that are appropriate, and mentions life skills particularly.B)Education is about giving people the opportunity to develop their potential, their personality and their strengths. This does not merely mean learning new knowledge, but also developing abilities to make the most of life. These are called life skills, including the inner capacities and the practical skills we need.C)Many of the inner capacities---often known as psycho-social skills cannot be taught as subjects. They are not the same as academic or technical learning. They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning, and in particular by teachers. These skills have to do with the way we behave---towards other people, towardsourselves, towards the challenges and problems of life.They include skills in communicating, in making decisions and solving problems, in negotiating and expressing ourselves, in thinking critically and understanding our feelings.D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical tasks we face. Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills---the ability to lay bricks, sew clothes, catch fish or repair a motorbike. These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people leaving school. In fact, very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn more practical skills. Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills.E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life, so learning them may be part of early childhood education of primary and secondary education and of adult learning groups. Life skills can be put into the categories that the Jacques Delors report suggested; it spoke of four pillars of education, which correspond to certain kinds of life skills---Learning to know: Thinking abilities: such as problem-solving, critical thinking, decision making, understanding consequences. Learning to be: Personal abilities: such as managing stress and feelings, self-awareness, self-confidence. Learning to live together: Social abilities: such as communication, negotiation, teamwork. Learning to do: Manual skills: practicing know-how required for work and tasks.F)In today's world all these skills are necessary, in order to face rapid change in society. This means that it is important to know how to go on learning as we require new skills for life and work. In addition, we need to know how to cope with the flood of information and turn it in to useful knowledge. We also need to learn how to handle change in society and in our own lives.G)Life skills are both concrete and abstract---practical skills can be learned directly, as a subject. For example, a learner can take a course in laying bricks and learn that skill. Other life skills, such as self-confidence, self-esteem, and skills for relating to others or thinking critically cannot be taught in such direct ways. They。

【恒心】大学英语四级(CET4)40天逆袭复习策略【以词汇量划分】【李炳璋提供】

【恒心】大学英语四级(CET4)40天逆袭复习策略【以词汇量划分】【李炳璋提供】
1st period (3days): 大纲词浏览,主攻高频词(1/4+3/4)
2nd period: practice(25days)
Composition(范文、模板背 诵) 每日15~30分钟
Ex (听力15套题,阅读40篇 深度阅读)
精析自身错误
3rd period : Recite & Review (7days)
写作文2~3篇,并不断修改(句式、用词 等)
掌握出题思维,熟练运用解题方法。根据自
Deadline & Tips
本计划必须在12月1前完成,最佳日期是11月25日。 从12月1日起,每周进行2次左右模考,在12月14日 正式考前,需完成3~4次模考。上午9点开始,与正 式考试时间相同,下午精析自己的答卷,分析错题, 反复巩固! 最后几天,强化练习作文,熟记作文模板,并且梳 理自己所遇到的考点,复习笔记。
40天逆袭大学英语四级复习计划
3000
430~480
Vocabulary
3000~ 4300
4300+
480~500+ 530~570+
5000+
CET4
Vocabulary < = 3000
1st period : make firm progress in words! (about 7~10days)
夯实基础,巩固单词。每天早晚各用15~30分钟 时间背单词,午间抽2小时左右的时间细看单词。 将四级4500的词汇在7~10日内进行第一遍浏览。 随后根据自身情况调配阅读和听力的复习时间。
Vocabulary < = 3000
Listening(高频700词)
2nd period: practice(20days)

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题

大学英语四级信息匹配练习题一Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Preparing for Computer Disasters1.Summary: When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.8.Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all facts of life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victims and commiserate over their bad luck. We also shake our heads at the digital consequences — melted computers, system failures, destroyed data.Yet, somehow, many of us continue to live by that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to deal with at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, computer disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home computers contain some of our most important information, both businessand personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be apriority. Moreover, even the smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personal computers have become an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to communicate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office computers go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor computer disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.Offsite Storage: Major Disasters9.House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal computer destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their computers. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their computers — tucked away in a closet oreven the garage — but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removablemedium and to store it elsewhere.10.There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery tools shouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups and to retrieve files in apinch. They must also be compatible with your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types —from CDs to Jaz drives to remote network servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with compression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.11.Once you select your tools and a suitable medium, you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose, be sure the site is secure, easily accessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Internet-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has become an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain you completely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.Come What May: Handling the Garden Variety Computer Crisis12.Not all home computer damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids "rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are compromised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way to roll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your computer and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises come in all shapes and sizes, and your backup andrecovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.The Right Tools for the Right Job: Gearing up for Disaster13.When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crashstate. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home office solution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for theburgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.14.L ife's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumpsin the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.对应题目:15.You should take steps to recover from computer disasters so as to minimize their effects.16.For some reason, computer disaster recovery is always ignored by manyof us.17.You can bounce back quickly and easily minor computer disasters withthe help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.18.The most devastating causes of personal computer destruction includes house fires and floods.19.It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.20.You should find a distant place to store your backups after selectingyour tools and a suitable medium.21.Not only physical disaster can damage your computer.22.The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various computer crises.23.The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.24.You should prepare for your computer disasters now and again.答案参考:1.A 根据题干中的信息词recover from computer disasters 定位到本文的第一段。

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案》的内容,具体内容:在英语学习过程中,阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。

国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型,大学英语四级考试也不例外。

大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型,为了提...在英语学习过程中,阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。

国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型,大学英语四级考试也不例外。

大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型,为了提高大家的阅读水平,下面是我为大家带来,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!四级阅读信息匹配精选练习一:A) This goal places the emphasis on the learning needs of young people and adults in the context of lifelong learning.It calls for fair access to learning programs that are appropriate,and mentions life skills particularly.B)Education is about giving people the opportunity to develop their potential,their personality and their strengths.This does not merely mean learning new knowledge,but also developing abilities to make the most of life.These are called life skills——including the inner capacities and the practical skills we need.C)Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects.They are not the same as academic or technical learnin9.They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning,and in particular by teachers.These skills have to do with the way we behave—towards other people,towards ourselves,towards the challenges and problems of life. They include skills in communicating,in making decisions and solving problems,in negotiating and expressing ourselves,in thinking critically and understanding our feelings.D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical tasks we face.Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks.sew clothes,catch fish or repair a motorbike.These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people leaving school.In fact,very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn more practical skills.Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills.E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life,so learning them may be part of early child—hood education.of primary and secondary education and of adult learning groups.Life skills can be put into the categories that the Jacques Delors reportsuggested;it spoke of four pillars of education,which correspond to certain kinds of life skills—Learning to know:Thinking abilities:such as problem—solving,critical thinking,decision making,understanding consequences.Learning to be: Personal abilities:such as managing stress and feelings,self-awareness,self-confidence.Learning to live together:Social abilities:such as communication,negotiation,teamwork.Learning to do: Manual skills:practicing know-how required for work and tasks.F)In todays world all these skills are necessary, in order to face rapid change in society.This means that it is important to know how to go on learning as we require new skills for life and work.In addition,we need to know how to cope with the flood of information and turn it in to useful knowledge.We also need to learn how to handle change in society and in our own lives.G)Life skills are both concrete and abstract—practical skills can be learned directly, as a subject.For example, a learner can take a course in laying bricks and learn that skill.Other life skills,such as self-confidence,self-esteem,and skills for relating to others or thinking critically cannot be taught in such direct ways.They should be part of any learning process,where teachers or instructors are concerned that learners should not just learn about subjects,but learn how to cope with life and make the mostof their potential.H)So these life skills may be learnt when learning other things.For example:Learning literacy may have a big impact on self-esteem,on critical thinking or on communicationskills;Learning practical skills s ach as drivin9,healthcare or tailoring may increase self-confidence,teach problem—solving processes or help in understanding consequences.I) Whether this is true depends on the way of teachin9—what kinds of thinkin9,relationship building and communication the teacher or facilitator models themselves and promotes among the learners. It would require measuring the individual and collective progress in making the most of learning and of life,or assessing how far human potential is being realized,or estimating how well people cope with change.It is easier to measure the development of practical skills,for instance by counting the number of students who register for vocational skills courses.However, this still may not tell us how effectively these skills are being used.J)The psych0.social skills cannot easily be measured by tests and scores,but become visible in Chang behavior.Progress in this area has often been noted by teachers on reports which they make to the parents of their pupils.The teachers experience of life,of teaching and of what can be expected from education in the broadest senseserve as a standard by which the growth and development of individuals can be assessed to some extent.This kind of assessment is individual and may never appear in international tables and charts.K)The current challenges relate to these difficulties:We need to recognize the importance of life skills both practical and psycho-social as part of education which leads to the full development of human potential and to the development of society.The links between psycho—social skills and practical skills must be more clearly spelled out,so that educators can promote both together and find effective ways to do this.Since life skills are taught as part of a wide range of subjects,teachers need to have training in how to put them across and how to monitor learnersgrowth in these areas.In designing curricula and syllabuses for academic subjects,there must be a balance between content teaching and attention to the accompanying life skills.A more conscious and deliberate effort to promote life skills will enable learners to become more active citizens in the life of society.L) Governments should recognize and actively advocate for the transformational role of education in realizing human potential and in socio—economic development.Ensure that curricula andsyllabuses address life skills and give learners the opportunity to make real-life applications of knowledge,skills and attitudes.Show how life skills of all kinds apply in the world of work,for example,negotiating and communication skills,as well practical skills.Through initial and in-service teacher training,increase the use of active and participatory learning/teaching approaches.Examine and adapt the processes and content of education so that there is a balance between academic input and life skills development.Make sure that education inspectors look not only for academic progress through teaching and learning,but also progress in the communication, modeling and application of lifeskills.Advocate for the links between primary and(early)secondary education because learning life skills needs eight or nine years and recognize that the prospect of effective secondary education is an incentive to children,and their parents,to complete primary education successfully.M)Funding agencies should support research,exchange and debate.nationally and regionally, on ways of strengthening life skills education.Support innovative(创新的)teacher training in order to combine life skills promotion into subjects across the curriculum and as a fundamental part of what school and education are about.Recognize the links between primary and secondaryeducation in ensuring that children develop strong lifeskills.Support,therefore,the early years of secondary education as part basic education.N) As support to governments and in cooperation with other international agencies,UNESC0:Works to define life skills better and clarify what it means to teach and learn them.Assists education. policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.Advocates for the links between a life skills approach to education and broader society and human development.46.The recognition of life skills as part of education will promote the development of human potential and society.47.The abilities to make the most of life consist of the inner capacities and the practical skills.48.The progress in psycho—social skills can be measured by changed behavior.ernments should examine and adapt the processes and content of education so as to balance the academic input and life skills development.50.According to Jacques Delors,four pillars of education include learning to know, learning to be, learning to live together and learning to do.51.The funding agencies should link primary education andsecondary education to make sure that children develop strong life skills.52.Learning literacy may exert an influence on self-esteem,critical thinking and communication skills.53.One function of UNESCO is to help educational policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.54.Learning vocational skills can be an approach to acquiring both practical and psycho—social skills.55.The abilities to manage stress and feelings,self-awareness,self-confidence are personal abilities.Section B促进年轻人和成年人的学习和技能A)这个目标以"终生学习"为背景,将重点放在年轻人和成年人的学习需要上。

大学英语四级信息匹配题2篇

大学英语四级信息匹配题2篇

信息匹配题(2篇)第一篇Section B Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions 6y marking the corresponding letter on Answer' Sheet 2.Can Digital Textbooks Truly Replace the Print Kind?A) The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they're heavy, with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They're also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student's limited budget, typically costing hundreds of dollars every semester. But the worst part is that print versions of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they're basically stuck with a four pound paperweight that they can't sell back.B) Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these shortcomings. But till now, they've been something like a mirage(幻影)in the distance, more like a hazy (模糊的) dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true. But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition(过渡) over to digital books. Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at the University of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooks just last year.C) But not all were eager to jump aboard. "People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading," says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine's medical program this fall. "'They weren't using it as a source of communication because they couldn't read or write in it. So a third of the people in my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn't caught on yet .he tells me, is that the functionality of e-edition textbooks is incredibly limited, and some students just aren't motivated to learn new study behavior.D) But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an updated version last week, and it'll be utilized in over 50 undergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year. “Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,”says Inkling CEO Matt MacInnis as he's giving me a demo(演示)over coffee. “What I mean by that is the current perspective of the digital textbook is it's an exact copy of the print book. There's Course Smart, etc.,these guys who take an image of the page and put it on a screen. If that's how we're defining digital textbooks, there's no of that becoming a mainstream product”E) He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the ground up, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton. At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping(触击)into the iPad app(应用软件),which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.F) Up first chapters is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through(浏览)a few before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various blocks. "Publishers give us all of the source media, artwork, videos,” he says, "We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It's a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It's clear why this would be something a music major would love.G) But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation(批注)system. Here's how it works: When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner's highlights and notes in the margins. It uses the reading (how much experience you trust of someone who already went through the class to help improve your each notation is obviously up to you). But with Inkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here's where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple Inkling users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Face-book friends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorted democratically by a voting system, that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers. As a can even chimeH) Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook versions are constantly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs (the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard).Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as$2.99.I) There are, however, challenges. "It takes efforts to build each book,”MacInnis tells me. And it's clear why. Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.J) For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, hardware away for free, for other and though a few of these educational institutions are giving students who don't have such a luxury it's an added layer of cost--and an expensive one at that.K) But this much is clear: The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won't have a definite answer for the next few years. However, the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distance? A little more tangible(可触摸的),a little less of a dream.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

CET4信息匹配及答案整合(DOC)

CET4信息匹配及答案整合(DOC)

(一).The Touch-Screen GenerationA.On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children's apps (应用程序) for phones andtablets (平板电脑) gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games.The gathering was organized by Warren .Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children'smedia. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reachthe hall's .second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe(敬畏) and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around thehall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and severalquoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori's, "The hands are the instruments of man's intelligence."B. What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were notdown at the shore poking (戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or pickingseashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inchesfrom a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C. In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated .its policy on very young children and media- In1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research onbrain development that showed this age group's critical need for "direct interactions with parents andother significant care givers." The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changedsignificantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumedsome form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For olderchildren, the academy noted,"high-quality programs" could have"'educational benefits.") The 2011report nentioned"smart cell phone" and"new screen" technologies, but did not address interactive- apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parentsthat some good might come from those little swiping (在电子产品上刷) fingers.D. I had come to the developers' conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents,enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they mightoffer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy'sideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren't ready to address.E. I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app thatteaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and amother of four. I myself have three children Who are all fans of the touch screen. What games didher kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home."They don't play all that much."Really? Why not?"Because I don't allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unlessit's clearlyeducational."No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards ofovercontrolling parents."On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough."F. Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were alsoparents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and longcar rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said halfan hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one poing I sat with one of the biggestdevelopers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her highchair, so the morn stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else couldenjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers whofeel they are being judged. "At home," she assured me, "I only let her watch movies in Spanish."G. By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomesalmost everywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what itmight be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfortand ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital s~ream thatthey will have to navigate (航行) all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digitalmedia, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical (外科的)instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some greatrobotics competitionbut only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of~ those sad, pale creatures who can't make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in thevirtual world.H. Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our ownvision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Addto that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences--that everyminute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged (放纵的) will add up to somepermanent handicap (障碍) in the futureand you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no bodyof research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speakChinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system--the device has been out for only threeyears, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather researchsubjects. So what m a parent to do?注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in theelectronic age.47. American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to theirchildren.48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids' screen time.50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies' brain development.51. So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.52. American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids' interpersonalrelationships.53. The author expected developers of children's apps tospecify the benefits of the new technology.54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.55. The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section C触屏一代A)在去年一个寒冷的春日,几十家研发手机及平板电脑儿童应用程序的开发商聚集在加州蒙特利的一个旧海滨度假村,展示他们的游戏应用。

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to Use a LibraryA)You’re driving your car home from work or sch001.And something goes wron9.The engine stalls out at lights,holds back as you go to pass.It needs a tune up and soon.Where do you go? The library.You can take out an auto repair manual that tells step by step how to tune up your make and model.Or your tennis game has fallen off.You’ve lost your touch at the net.Where do you go? The library for a few books on improving your tennis form.B)“The library!”you say.“That’s where my teacher sends me to dough h omework."Unfortunately, I’ve found that’s exactly the way many people feel.If you’re among them.you’re denying yourself the easiest way to improve yourself, enjoy yourself and even cope with life.My first suggestion for making the most of your library is to do what I did,read and read and read.For pleasure——and for understanding.C)If it’s TV that keeps you from cultivating this delicious habit,I can offer a sure remedy.Take home from the library a stack of books that might look interestin9.Pile them on the TVset.Next time you are tempted to turn on a program you really don’t want to see,reach for a book instead.D)Over the years,people collect a mental list of books they mean to read.If you don’t have such a list,here is the suggestion.Take from the library some of the books you might have enjoyed dramatized on TV, like Remargue’s All Quiet on the Western Front,Clavell’s Shegun,T olkien’s The Hobbit,or Victor Hugo’s Les Mise Rables.If you like what you read、you can follow up with other satisfying books by the same authors.E)Some people in their reading limit themselves to current talked—about best sellers.Oh,what they miss! The library is full of yesterday’s best sellers;and they still make compelling reading today. Some that I've enjoyed:A.B.Guthrie’s The B ig Sky,Carl Van Doren’s Benjamin Franklin,Mari Sandoz’s.Old Jules,and Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead.F) How do you find these or any other books you’re looking for? It’s easy—with the card catalog. Every time I go to the library——and I go more than once a week——I invariably make a beeline to the card catalog before anything else.It’s the nucleus of any public library.The card catalog lists every book in the library by:1.author;2.title;3.subject.Let’s pick an interesting subject to look up.I have always been fascinated by astronomy.You’ll be surprised at the wealth of material you will find under “a strong my” to draw upon.And the absorbing books you didn’t know existed on it.CAUTION:Always have a pencil and paper when you use the card catal09.G) Once you jot down the numbers of the books you are interested in,you are ready to find them on the shelves.Libraries call the shelves “the stacks”.In many smaller libraries,whichyou’ll be using,the stacks will be open for you to browse.To me there is a special thrill in tracking down the books I want in the stacks !For invariably,I find books about which I knew nothin9,and these often turn out to be the very ones l need.You will find the same thing happening to you when you start to browse in the stacks.“A learned mind is the end product of browsing.”CAUTION:If you take a book from the stack s to your work desk,do not try to return it to its proper place.That’s work for the experts.If you replace it incorrectly, the next seeker won’t be able to find it.H)Some of the brightest and rmed men and women in America are the librarians who specialize in providing reference help.Introduce yourself State your problem.And be amazed at how much he p you will receive.CAUTION:Don’t waste the time of this expert by asking silly questions you ought to solve yourself.Save the reference librarian for the really big ones.I) You shot:ld also learn to use the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature.This green—bound index is me of the most useful items in any library.It indexes all the articles in the major magazines,including newspaper magazine supplements.Thus it provides a guide to the very latest expert information of any subject that interests you.So if you want to do a really first—class job,find out which magazines your library subscribes to,then consult the Reader's Guide and track down recent articles on your subject.When you use this wonderful tool effectively, you show the mark of a real scholar.J) Since you can take most books home,but not magazines,take full notes when using the latter. Many libraries today provide a reprographic machine that can quickly copy pages you needfrom magazines and books.Ask about it:If you are working on a project of some size which will require repeated library visits,keep a small notebook in which you record the identification numbers of the books you will be using frequently.This will save you valuable time,because you won’t have to consult the card catalog or search aimlessly through the stacks each time you visit for material you seek.Sol fie of the very best books in any library are the reference books,which may not be taken home.Learn what topics they cover and how best to use them,for these books are wonderful repositories (储藏室、资料库)of human knowledge.K) Your library can give you help on any subject.It can even be your business and legal advisor.How many times have you scratched your head over how to get a tax rebate(折扣)on your summer job? You,11 find guides to that.Want to defend yourself in traffic coup? Find out how in legal books at the library.L) Library Projects Can Be Fun and Rewardin9.Here are a few ideas:1.What are your roots? Trace your ancestors.Many libraries specialize in genealogy.2.Did George Washington sleep nearby? Or Billy the Kid? Your library’s collection of local history books can put you on the trail.3.Cook a Polynesian feast.Or an ancient Roman banquet.Read how in the library’s cook books.4.Take up photography.Check the library for consumer reviews of cameras before you buy.T ake out books on lightin9,composition,or darkroom techniques or—you name it!M)If you haven,t detected by now my enthusiasm for libraries,let me offer two personal notes.I'm particularly pleasedthat in recent years two beautiful libraries have been named after me:a small community library in Quakertown,Pennsylvania,and the huge research library located at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley.And I like libraries so much that I married a librarian.46.The nucleus of any public library is the car,d catalog.47.Yesterday’s best sellers are still good for readin9,which shouldn’t be overlooked.48.The author suggests that people should go to the library for answers when things go wrong49.The Reader,s Guide is a green—bound index which provides a guide to very latest expert information of any subject that interests readers.50.The sure remedy to kick the TV habit is to take home from the library interesting books to read.51.There are various kinds of fun and rewarding projects available in different libraries.52.A notebook will help readers to record the identification numbers of the frequently used books which can’t be taken home.53.Readers should not try to return the book taken from the stacks to their desk to its proper place.54.When asking for help,readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.55.When asking for help,readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.46.The nucleus of any public library is the card catalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。

大学英语四级专项匹配题

大学英语四级专项匹配题
常的排除法来排除选项。
应对措施
反映文章主旨或段落主题,考生可据此了解原文内容。
在段落—信息配对题中,题干中的信息虽然陈述的都是文章中的细节,但其内容基本都是围绕文章主题或是某一段落的主题进行描述的。通过快速阅读题干中的若干条细节信息,考生可以迅速了解原文的主旨大意,从而能够在回头阅读原文时加快阅读速度,节省定位时间。掌握原文的主旨有利于考生对原文的结构进行预测或对原文的逻辑顺序进行预判。即使题干中的细节信息表述的并非文章的主旨,其肯定也是与文章主旨息息相关的内容,有助于考生在预览原文时提高阅读速度。
以下信息一般为文章前一两段
e.g. 影响 (effect),结果 (conclusion) 改进 (improvement) 建议;未来
以下信息一般为文章末段
e.g. 细节 (details);应用 (application) 数据 (data); 比较 (compare)
以下信息一般为文章的中间段
合适的定位词。
一般来说,英语类考试中的搭配题多是一对一进行搭配的,考生如果能够成功 选出一对,那么就可以排除一个选项。但在段落—信息配对题中,题目中通常 还包含这样一条要求:“NB You may use any letter more than once. ”这 也就是说,题干中所列举的不同的细节信息可能对应的是原文中的同一个段落。 这样的话,即使考生已经判断出某一条细节信息对应原文的B段,但在对其他细 节信息进行配对时,也无法排除答案B。而且通常来说,只要题干中出现NB这 条提示,那么往往都会出现两条细节信息对应原文同一段的情况。
应对措施
表述中通常会出现一些具有特殊意义的指示性词汇,这类词汇虽然不是通常意义上的定位关键词,但其特殊含义可将考生的注意力指向原文的开头、结尾或是某个具有特定其所在细节信息对应的原文段落。

四级配对试题及答案解析

四级配对试题及答案解析

四级配对试题及答案解析一、听力理解(共20分)1. A) The man is looking for a job.B) The woman is looking for a job.C) Both are looking for a job.D) Neither is looking for a job.答案:B解析:在对话中,女性角色提到她正在寻找工作,而男性角色则在提供帮助和建议。

因此,正确答案是B。

2. A) The woman is a student.B) The man is a student.C) Both are students.D) Neither is a student.答案:A解析:对话中女性角色提到她需要完成作业,这暗示她是一名学生。

男性角色则没有提及与学习相关的内容,因此正确答案是A。

3. A) The man is going to the library.B) The woman is going to the library.C) Both are going to the library.D) Neither is going to the library.答案:C解析:在对话中,两人都提到了去图书馆的计划,因此正确答案是C。

4. A) The man is a teacher.B) The woman is a teacher.C) Both are teachers.D) Neither is a teacher.答案:A解析:对话中男性角色提到他需要准备明天的课程,这表明他是一名教师。

女性角色没有提及与教学相关的工作,因此正确答案是A。

5. A) The woman is happy about the news.B) The man is happy about the news.C) Both are happy about the news.D) Neither is happy about the news.答案:B解析:对话中男性角色表达了对新闻的喜悦,而女性角色则没有明确表达她的感受。

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【编者简介】。

全国唯一一位曾经连续三年命为人低调,和蔼亲切,耐心细致..............中过高考试题中一些理科和文科试题的人,高考研究专家﹑高考辅导名师,擅长高考专业﹑个性辅导,英语四六级专业﹑个性辅导。

本人!”始终坚信“金杯银杯不如大家的口碑,金奖银奖不如大家的夸奖.......................被广大学生亲切地誉为“提分帝”!让很多辅导过的高中生受益,使其在高考中取得较为理想的成绩!让一些大学生顺利通过英语四六级考试!曾经为2013届全国各个省市自治区直辖市的一些考生免费指导过填报志愿。

对各省的高考一些事情比较了解。

2013年本人所有亲自教授﹑多次辅导的学生均顺利考上一二本大学!2013年12月最新四六级试卷组成Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online[A] Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.[B] The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.[C] Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic”, states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy, “It’s certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It’s worldwide. It affects everybody, and there’s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can’t detect it until it’s probably too late.”[D] Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, your personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims) names. In many cases, a victim’s losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.[E] According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet.[F ] Check for a privacy policy. If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site you are considering has a privacy policy, like . The policy should spell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).When reviewing the site’s privacy policy, you’ll be able to delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won’t nece ssarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.[G] Take advantages of site features. Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume. , for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible. The second is anonymous (匿名的)posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display. The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on without retyping their information.[H] Safeguard your identity. Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic identifier, such as “Intranet Developer Candidate”, or “ Experienced Marketing Representative ”. You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “International packaged goods supplier.” If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned by your employer.[I] Establish an email address for your search. Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others. Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn’t contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@.[J] Protect your references. If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There’s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.[K] Keep confidential (机密的)information confidential. Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver’s license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don’t prov ide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book—don’t fall for it.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

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