万学海文2013届钻石卡学员院校专业选择测试卷(英语)

2013届钻石卡学员院校专业选择英语测试卷答题注意事项1. 考试要求考试时间：120分钟 满分：100分.2.基本信息学员姓名:____________ 主管顾问:__________ 所在学校：_________ 所学专业：_____________目标学校：___________ 目标专业：_______________Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money. He may 1 the repayment of the money at any time, either 2 cash or by drawing a check in favor of another person. 3 , the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor who is 4 depending on whether the customer’s account is 5 credit or is overdrawn. But, in 6 to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer 7 a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give 8 to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is 9 against him.The bank must 10 its customer’s instructions, and not those of anyone else. 11 , for example, a customer opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in 12 of checks drawn by himself. He gives the bank 13 of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or 14 to pay out a customer’s money 15 a check on which its customer’s signature has been 16 . It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very 17 one: the bank must recognize its customer’s signature. For this reason there is no 18 to the customer in the practice, 19 by banks, of printing the customer’s name on his checks. If this 20 forgery, it is the bank that will lose, not the customer.1. [A] acquire [B] deposit [C] demand [D] derive2. [A] for [B] through [C] as [D] in3. [A] However [B] Primarily [C] Moreover [D] Presumably4. [A] which [B] what [C] how [D] that5. [A] on [B] with [C] in [D] for6. [A] support [B] contrast [C] regard [D] addition7. [A] owe [B] commit [C] attribute [D] embark8. [A] purpose [B] rise [C] priority [D] thought9. [A] loaded [B] offended [C] discriminated [D] directed10. [A] conform [B] comply [C] obey [D] abide11. [A] Unless [B] Although [C] Since [D] When12. [A] respect [B] charge [C] line [D] place13. [A] specifics [B] signs [C] symbols [D] specimens14. [A] reputation [B] prestige [C] authority [D] impact15. [A] by [B] on [C] with [D] for16. [A] printed [B] confirmed [C] forged [D] justified17. [A] delicate [B] skillful [C] unusual [D] unique18. [A] risk [B] guarantee [C] fault [D] benefit19. [A] engaged [B] intended [C] adapted [D] adopted20. [A] contributes [B] facilitates [C] results [D] leadsSection II Reading ComprehensionDirections: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. (45 points)Text 1After years of telling athletes to drink as much liquid as possible to avoid dehydration, some doctors are now saying that drinking too much during intense exercise poses a far greater health risk. An increasing number of athletes—marathon runners are severely diluting their blood by drinking too much water or too many spots drinks, with some falling gravely ill and even dying, the doctors say.New research on runners in the Boston Marathon, published today in The New England Journal of Medicine, confirms the problem and shows how serious it is. The research involved 488 runners in the 2002 marathon. The runners gave blood samples before and after the race. While most were fine, 13 percent of them—or 62－drank so much that they had hyponatremia. Three had levels so low that they were in danger of dying.The runners who developed the problem tended to be slower, taking more than four hours to finish the course. That gave them plenty of time to drink a large amount of liquid. And drink they did, an average of three liters, or about 13 cups of water or of a sports drink, so much that they actually gained weight during the race. As more slow runners entered long races, doctors began seeing athletes stumbling into medical tents, nauseated, barely coherent and with their blood severely diluted. Some died on the spot or in the hospital.Marathon doctors say the new study offers the first documentation of the problem. “Before this study, we suspected there was a problem,” said Dr. Marvin Adner, the medical director of the Boston Marathon. “But this proves it.” Hyponatremia is entirely preventable. But the marathon runners were simply following what has long been the conventional advice given to athletes: Avoid dehydration at all costs.Doctors and sports drink companies “made dehydration a medical illness that was to be feared,” said Dr. Tim Noakes, a hyponatremia expert the University of Cape Town. “Everyone becomes dehydrated when they race,’’ Dr. Noakes said. “But I have not found one death in an athlete from dehydration in a competitive race in the whole history of running. Not one. Not even a case of illness.” On the other hand, he said, he knows of people who have sickened and died from drinking too much.Hyponatremia can be treated, Dr. Noakes said, but doctors and emergency workers often assume a sickrunner is dehydrated and give intravenous fluids instead, sometimes killing the patient.21. The word “dehydration” (Line 1, Paragraph 1) probably means ________.[A] heat stroke caused by exposure to the sun[B] excessive loss of water from the body[C] any waste of time and energy[D] smooth flow of blood22. According to the text, a symptom of hyponatremia is ________.[A] to lose consciousness [B] to suffer blood loss[C] to have aching feet [D] to feel sick23. Some of the Marathon runners died from hyponatremia because ________.[A] they didn’t take precautions to avoid it[B] they were misled by a misconception[C] they didn’t follow doctors’ advice[D] they were ignorant of dehydration24. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that ________.[A] doctors and sports drink companies deceive athletes deliberately[B] nobody has ever died from hyponatremia in field events[C] fewer runners suffered from dehydration than hyponatremia[D] hyponatremia is more dangerous to athletes than dehydration25. Which of the following is true of hyponatremia?[A] It is often misdiagnosed. [B] It is a serious and fatal disease.[C] It is a common illness among runners. [D] It can be cured by giving an injection.Text 2Timothy Berners-Lee might be giving Bill Gates a run for the money, but he passed up his shot at fabulous wealth—intentionally—in 1990. That’s when he decided not to patent the technology used to create the most important software innovation in the final decade of the 20th century: the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee wanted to make the world a richer place, not a mass personal wealth. So he gave his brainchild to us all.Berners-Lee regards today’s Web as a rebellious adolescent that can never fulfill his original expectations. By 2005, he hopes to begin replacing it with the Semantic Web—a smart network that will finally understand human languages and make computers virtually as easy to work with as other humans.As envisioned by Berners-Lee, the new Web would understand not only the meaning of words and concepts but also the logical relationships among them. That has awesome potential. Most knowledge is built on two pillars: semantics and mathematics. In number-crunching, computers already outclass people. Machines that are equallyadroit at dealing with language and reason won’t just help people uncover new insights; they could blaze new trails on their own.Even with a fairly crude version of this future Web, mining online repositories for nuggets of knowledge would no longer force people to wade through screen after screen of extraneous data. Instead, computers would dispatch intelligent agents, or software messengers, to explore Web sites by the thousands and logically sift out just what’s relevant. That alone would provide a major boost in productivity at work and at home. But there’s far more.Software agents could also take on many routine business chores, such as helping manufacturers find and negotiate with lowest-cost parts suppliers and handling help-desk questions. The Semantic Web would also be a bottomless trove of eureka insights. Most inventions and scientific breakthroughs, including today’s Web, spring from novel combinations of existing knowledge. The Semantic Web would make it possible to evaluate more combinations overnight than a person could juggle in a lifetime. Sure scientists and other people can post ideas on the Web today for others to read. But with machines doing the reading and translating technical terms, related ideas from millions of Web pages could be distilled and summarized. That will lift the ability to assess and integrate information to new heights. The Semantic Web, Berners-Lee predicts, will help more people become more intuitive as well as more analytical. It will foster global collaborations among people with diverse cultural perspectives, so we have a better chance of finding the right solutions to the really big issues—like the environment and climate warming.26. Had he liked, Berners-Lee could have ________.[A] created the most important innovation in the 1990s[B] accumulated as much personal wealth as Bill Gates[C] patented the technology of Microsoft software[D] given his brainchild to us all27. The Semantic Web will be superior to today’s web in that it ________.[A] surpasses people in processing numbers[B] fulfills user’s original expectations[C] deals with language and reason as well as number[D] responds like a rebellious adult28. To search for any information needed on tomorrow’s Web, one only has to ________.[A] wade through screen after screen of extraneous data[B] ask the Web to dispatch some messenger to his door[C] use smart software programs called “agents”[D] explore Web sites by the thousands and pick out what’s relevant29. Thanks to the Web of the future, ________.[A] scientists using different specialty terms can collaborate much better[B] one can find most inventions and breakthroughs online[C] software manufacturers can lower the cost of computer parts[D] millions of web pages can be translated overnight30. The most appropriate title for this text is ________.[A] Differences between Two Webs[B] The Humanization of Computer Software[C] A New Solution to World Problems[D] The Creator and His Next CreationText 3When Rupert Murdoch sees beams of light in the American advertising market, it is not necessarily time to reach for the sunglasses. Last October, when the impact of September 11th was only beginning to tell, the boss of NewsCorp, a media group, had already identified “strong rays of sunshine”. With advertising sales still languishing, Mr. Murdoch declared last month that “there are some hints of a modest upswing in the U.S. advertising markets.” His early optimism turned out to be misplaced. Now, however, other industry observers are beginning to agree with him.Advertising usually exaggerates the economic cycle: falling sharply and early in a downturn, and rebounding strongly once the economy has begun to recover. This is because most managers prefer to trim their ad budgets rather than their payrolls, and restore such spending only once they feel sure that things are looking up. Last year, America’s ad market shrank by 9.8%, according to CMR, a research firm. Although ad spending has not yet recovered across all media, some analysts now expect overall ad spending to start to grow in the third quarter.The signs of improvement are patchy, however. Ad spending on radio and television seems to be inching up—advertising on American national radio was up 2% in January on the same period last year, according to Aegis—while spending on magazines and newspapers is still weak. Even within any one market, there are huge differences; just pick up a copy of one of the now-slimline high-tech magazines that once bulged with ads, and compare it with the hefty celebrity or women’s titles. Advertisers in some categories, such as the travel industry, are still reluctant to buy space or airtime, while others, such as the car and movie businesses, have been bolder. The winter Olympics, held last month in Salt Lake City, has also distorted the spending on broadcast advertising in the first quarter.Nonetheless, there is an underlying pattern. One measure is the booking of ad spots for national brands on local television. By early March, according to Mr. Westerfield’s analysis, such bookings were growing fast across eight out of the top ten advertising sectors, led by the financial and motor industries. UBS Warburg now expects the “upfront” market, which starts in May when advertisers book advance ad spots on the TV networks for thenew season in September, to be up 4% on last year. On some estimates, even online advertising could pick up by the end of the year.31. What does the author mean by “it is not necessarily time to reach for the sun glasses” (Para.1)?[A] The sunshine is not terribly strong.[B] It is not good time to develop advertising.[C] There is no need to worry about economy now.[D] The real economic recovery has yet to take place.32. Mr. Murdoch’s early market estimation seems to be ________.[A] exaggerating the situation [B] probably describing the reality[C] underestimating the development [D] being too cautious33. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Advertising is a sensitive marker of economic change.[B] Managers will first cut salary during economic downturn.[C] CMR was wrong about last year’s U.S. ad market.[D] Advertising spending has started overall growing.34. Signs of improvement are visible in the advertising of ________.[A] high-tech magazines and sports industry[B] celebrity magazines and travel industry[C] women’s magazines and car industry[D] movie industry and high-tech magazines35. What is the author’s view of the prospect of U.S. advertising market?[A] Recovery will be slow but sure. [B] There will be a big jump.[C] Patchy improvement will occur. [D] The situation will remain pessimistic.Section III TranslationPart ADirections: Translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your answer on the answer sheet.(20 points)People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution. (36) Pollution is caused either by the released by man of completely new and often artificial substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance, such as oil from tankers into the sea.(37) The whole industrial process which makes many of the goods and machines we need and use in our daily lives, is bound to create a number of waste products to upset the environment balance, or the ecological balance as it is also known. Many of these waste products can be prevented or disposed of sensibly, but clearly while more and more new goods are produced and made complex, there will be new, dangerous wastes to be disposed of, for example, the waste products from nuclear power stations. Many people, therefore, see pollution as only part of a larger and more complex problem, that is, the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods. (38) Others again see the problem mainly in connection with agriculture, where new methods are helping farmers grow more and more on their land to feed our ever-increasing populations. However, the land itself is gradually becoming worn out as it is being used, in some cases, too heavily, and artificial fertilizers cannot restore the balance.(39) Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution cause could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three of four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which cannot be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metals and paper. (40) Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess consumption and careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.Part BDirections: Read the following sentences, translate Chinese into English. Write your answer on the answer sheet. (15 points)41.有很多例子支持我的观点，其中之一是，我们在改革上已经取得了很大成绩，人们的生活水平有极大的提高。