被动语态导学案

高三英语导学案-被动语态

学习目标：

1. 掌握不同时态下，被动语态的结构

2. 理解何为被动语态

3. 了解主动语态表被动的用法 学习重难点：

掌握不同时态下，被动语态的结构

一、被动语态的定义（重在理解，记住核心）： 导：翻译每组句子，比较第二句和第一句的不同之处 1. She cleans her room every day. 2. Her room is cleaned by her every day. 3. We visited that factory last summer. 4. That factory was visited by us last summer.

5. We will hold a sports meeting next month.

6. The sports meeting will be held next month.

→主动变被动：将宾语变 ，主语变 ， 谓语变be+

思：何为被动语态

主动句：She cleans her room every day. 主 谓（v.） 宾 +其他

被动句：Her room is cleaned （by her ） every day. 主 谓（v.） 宾 +其他 1. She cleans her room every day.

主语 是动词 的发出者。（主动语态）

2. Her room is cleaned by her every day.

主语 是动词 的承受者。（被动语态）

小结：

1. 英语的语态是通过 的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态： 语态和 语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的 。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。被动语态表示主语是动作的 ，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

2. 被动语态识别技巧：翻译时带有“被”字。

练：根据汉语提示将下列单词组成合适的句子

1)trees many planted people are by

许多树被种。 2)by people is the sung many times song

那首歌被唱了许多遍了。

二、被动语态的结构（重点、考点）：

被动语态常结合时态作为考点出现，因此，做题时一定要先确认句子时态！！

【part 1】

思：根据以下三个句子，总结一般式的被动语态 1) Chinese is spoken by many people.

2) A new machine was invented last month. 3) A new film will be showed next week.

4) He told us that the new railway would be built the next 练： 1）（2016·全国卷Ⅰ）So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not -for -profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I_____________ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 2)（2017·全国卷Ⅰ）When fat and salt ______________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.

3)（2017·全国卷Ⅰ）In 1876, steam engines _____________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.

4）（2019·全国卷Ⅰ） On the last day of our week -long stay, we_________________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.

【part 2】

思：根据以下两个句子，总结进行式的被动语态 1)The child is being taken good care of.

练： 1) A meeting_____________( hold) when I was there. 2) (2012·四川)They are living with their parents for the

moment because their own house ___________(rebuild) .

【part 3】

思：根据以下两个句子，总结完成式的被动语态 1) The boy has been made to work for five years.

2) By the end of last year, another new gym had been

练：

1) （2015·全国卷Ⅰ）Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. （改错）

2) （2017·全国卷Ⅲ）Sarah _____________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year.

【part 4

】

思：根据以下两个句子，总结带有情态动词的被动语态结构

1）Waste paper should be thrown into the paper basket. 练：

1) （2016·全国卷Ⅲ）Truly elegant chopsticks might _________________(make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.

2) English must_________________(learn) well.

3) The raising of the flag can _________ (see) every morning at Tian’anmen Square.

被动语态结构总结： 记忆方式：___________________________________

三、拓展延伸：

（一）主动形式表被动意义：

1.表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如 read ，write, sell, wash, clean, cook, catch, draw,cut,peel 等，常

与 well ，badly ，easily ，smoothly 等副词连用，用主动形式表示被动意义。

e.g. The book sells well. 这本书卖得很好。

The pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔写起来很顺滑。 These clothes wash easily. 这些衣服很易洗。 2.系动词smell ，taste ，feel ，look ，sound 等后加形容词作表语，用主动形式表示被动意义。

e.g. Her voice sounds beautiful. 她的嗓音听起来很美。 The food in the restaurant tastes good. 这家餐厅的食物尝起来很不错。

3.open ，close ，lock ，move ，keep 等动词常与won't ，can't ，wouldn't ，hardly ，scarcely 等连用，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

e.g. This drawer won't lock. 这个抽屉锁不上。 The car can ’t move. 这辆车动不了。

4. need /want/require/deserve/worth+ doing =need /want/require/deserve/worth to be done.

这一结构中，doing 是主动形式，表被动意义。

e.g. Your hair needs cutting. = Your hair needs to be cut. 你需要剪头发了。

The house requires repairing. = The house requires to be repaired. 这栋房子需要修整。

（二）相关固定表达（记住，作文可用）： It is believed that… 人们认为…

It is generally considered that… 人们普遍认为… It is supposed that… 据推测… It is said that… 据说…

It is well known that… 众所周知… It is reported that… 据报道…

课后练习： Ⅰ.真题演练

1.（2016·北京）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_______________ (reward) with success in the end.

2.（2016·江苏）More efforts, as reported, ____________（make ）in the years ahead to accelerate the supply -side structural reform.

3.（2017·天津）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ___________ (regard) as one of the best all -round forms of exercise.