《全国成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》(2011年版)专科升本科 英语
《全国成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》(2011年版)专科升本科 英语
全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲专科升本科《英语》总要求考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇，一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容一、语音考生应能掌握下列语音规则：1．元音字母在单词中的读音；2．辅音字母在单词中的读音；3．常见字母组合的读音。
二、词汇考生应掌握约3 800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
三、语法考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：（一）词法1．名词名词的分类，名词的数，名词的所有格，名词在句中的作用2．冠词冠词（定冠词、不定冠词）的基本用法，冠词的习惯用法及冠词的省略3．代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法；“it”作非人称代词、作引导词的用法。
4．数词基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及其用法。
5．形容词形容词的基本用法及其比较级6．副词副词的基本用法及其比较级7．介词常用介词和介词短语的用法8．动词（1）动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。
（2）动词的基本形式：规则动词和不规则动词的形式变化。
（3）动词主要时态的构成、用法及时态的呼应；谓语动词与主语的一致关系。
（4）情态动词的基本用法。
（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及其主要用法。
（6）被动语态的构成及其基本用法。
（7）虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。
9．连词并列连词及其用法，从属连词及其用法10．感叹词感叹词及其用法（二）句法1．五种基本句型（1）主语 + 谓语动词（2）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（3）主语 + 连系动词 + 表语（4）主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（5）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语2．句子按用途分类：（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及其用法（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及其用法（3）祈使句的构成及其用法（4）感叹句的构成及其用法3．句子按结构分类：（1）简单句（2）并列句（3）复合句①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联词②定语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词③状语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词（三）构词法1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀2．合成法3．转换法四、阅读考生应能读懂各种题材(包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等)和体裁(包括记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、应用文等)、生词量不超过所读材料2％的文字材料。
【专升本】2011年英语
绝密★启封前2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试英语答案必须答在答题卡上指定的位置，答在试卷上无效．．．．．．．。
本试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。
选择题I．Phonetics(5 points)Directions：In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. lamb B. bombing C. comb D. ambition2. A. guilt B. build C. guide D. guitar3. A. laugh B. weigh C. tough D. rough4. A. theater B. threat C. thread D. treasure5. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. gratefulII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There aren't many wild pandas ______ in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived7. ______ I could say anything more. Holmes had rushed off towards the door.A.BeforeB.AfterC.WhenD.As8.Since you feel so strongly about this matter, you should make your views ______ to other committee members..A. knowB. knowingC. being known D known9. They demanded that the government ______ all political prisoners in the next two days.A. freeB. freedC. will freeD. would free10. Nelson is a creative liar who is always making ______ unusual excuses for not doing his work.A. acrossB. awayC. offD. up11.--I didn't go to class last night because my car broke down.-- You _____ mine. I wasn't using it.A. could borrowB. may borrowC. could have borrowedD. may have borrowed12.In our view, the root ______ of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact13.You mustn't go unless either your father or I ______ with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14.There are ______ fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U.S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too15.In the first semester, I asked my teacher _______.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC.I should take what coursesD. Should I take what courses16. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n) _____ mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete17. Their experiment ______, Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done18.A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ______ his attention and he was much interested in making investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid19.Would you please let me finish my words? Don't _______ in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off20.-- Have you ever played bridge?--Yes. We ______ on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had playedIII. Cloze (30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Scientists have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing(脸红). Why would human evolve(进化) a 21 that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22 us to reveal that we have cheated or lied.Charles Darwin pointed out that 23 all people of all races blush, animals do not. When it came to explaining the reason, he was 24 a loss. That has not stopped others from trying.One 25 is that blushing started out as a way to show we obey authoritative members of the group. Later, as our social interactions became 26 complex, it became involved with higher, self-conscious 27 such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. This would seem to put individuals ata disadvantage, but blushing might actually make it a person more 28 or socially desirable.29 that women blush more than men, one university researcher suggests that blushing might have evolved as a way for women to 30 their honesty to men so as to win their support in raising children. Some zoologists also think blushing could have emerged as away to foster trust. "If you were to go hunting31 a stone-faced partner, you could never 32 what he wants." he says. Once blushing became 33 with embarrassment, anyone who did not blush might have been at a disadvantage because we are 34 likely to trust someone who appears never to feel 35 about anything.21. A. response B. reply C. reflection D. recall22. A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. preventing23. A. when B. while C. since D. because24. A.on B. in C. at D. of25. A. suggestion B. advice C. solution D. question26. A. apparently B. completely C. awkwardly D. increasingly27. A. moods B. senses C. emotions D. tempers28. A. privileged B. embarrassed C. energetic D. attractive29. A. Noting B. Providing C. Assuming D. Hoping30. A. assure B. approve C. confirm D. demonstrate31. A. for B. with C. by D. as32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedIV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay(干草) was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummer's Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back until midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out chatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleep on the living-room sofa with the "News of the World" over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer. One of the cows broke into the door of the storehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in the storehouse with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumped upon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being stuck with the horns and kicked from all sides. The situation was quite out of their control. They had never seen animals act like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures, which they were used to beating and whipping just as they chose, frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying to defend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animals running after them joyfully.36.The four men did not feed the cows because ______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn't at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37.The cows broke into the storehouse because ______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran away.D. They gave in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that ______.A .the cows often ran out to look for foodB. the cows often had fights with their mastersC. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cowsD. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cowsPassage TwoIt was sunrise on an August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 miles south of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followed by excited cries of "Coins! Coins!" The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman's dream: sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gone down 210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for the port of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of them were loaded for the trip to New Orleans, yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from the ill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her down while others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗). Whatever happened, the secret -- along with a treasure valued near $ 100,000,000 in today's dollars -- was sent to a watery grave some 300 feet below the ocean's surface.Spanish Silver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted as payment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legal tender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survive today. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melted down.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, GovMint. com is releasing these coins to the public for an amazingly low price. For a limited time, these authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shipping and handling -- a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. Their net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41.What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1874?.A. Loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates, it cost $100,000,000's worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42.What do we know about "Spanish Silver Dollars"?A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in America after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43.In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. Sports.B. Housing.C. History.D. Fashion.Passage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers "decorate" three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green, purple, red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy(亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others, but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44.Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be ______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45.Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. GreenB. BlueC. OrangeD. Red46.What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphere.D. Stimulating talks among people.47.The underlined word "serene" in the last sentence is closest in meaning to ______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants(移植) often are able to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implant (the joints most commonly replaced), double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopedic surgeon (矫形外科医生) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventually require a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rateestimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. "Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure rate significantly," said Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It's good news for those who are considering replacing a knee or hip.48.What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U.S.?A.A lots of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacements exceed the number of surgeons.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in U.S. hospitals.49.Why does Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Swedish doctors are most responsible and skillful.50.The U.S. Is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by ______.A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operations.B. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12-18 months.C. setting up a national joint replacement database.D. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden.51.People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel ______ about data gathering in the U.S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post "became symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class America". In 1897 Curtis began to revive(重振) the Post on the proposition that a man's chief interest in life is the fight for livelihood -- business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successful businessmen filled its pages, and products backed by its advertisements directed at the needs anddesires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservative viewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settled in an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine than The New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the lives of massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorial matter addressed the problems and interests of the readers as never before. Neither highbrow nor lowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience. However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post's editor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ of entertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing the New Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. His conservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine's content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of the masses, challenging its readers to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic(昏昏欲睡的) America, however, The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while The New Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52.According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. HousewivesD. Politicians.53.What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week?A. Monday.B. ThursdayC. SaturdayD. Sunday54.Why did the Post lose much of its audience in the 1930s?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Readers couldn't afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt's politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55.What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle-class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.V. Daily Conversation (15 points)Directions: Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.A.When do you need itB. Do you have anyavailableC. What do you meanD. May I come overtomorrow to take a lookE. Can I leave a messageF. Can you give me thedetails about itG. that's probably it H. that's exactly what youwantSarah: Hello. I'm calling to rent an apartment you advertised.Manager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?Sarah: I'm interested in a one-bedroom apartment. 56 ?Manager: Yes, I have one. 57 ?Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?Manager: Well, it's a one-bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security deposit. You pay electricity only. Gas and water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And ... 59 .Sarah: Sounds good. 60 ?Manager: Sure. See you tomorrow then.VI. Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part ,you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100～120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly.61. 请以低碳生活（a low carbon life）为主题写一篇100-120词的短文，内容包括：·流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；·实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅游中的节约行为等）；·低碳生活带来的积极影响。
2011年成考专升本英语试题及答案解析
2011年成考专升本英语试题及答案解析2011年成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本英语第一卷（选择题，共125分）I . Phonetics (5 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. grateful2. A. th ea ter B. thr ea t C. thr ea d D. tr ea sure3. A. lau gh B. wei gh C. tou gh D. rou gh4. A. g ui lt B. b ui ld C. g ui de D. g ui tar5. A. lam b B. bom b ing C. com b D. am b itionII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6．—Have you ever played bridge?—Yes. We_____ on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had played7. Would you please let me finish my words? Don't _____ in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off8. A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ___his attention and he was much interested in making investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid9.Their experiment________，Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done10. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n)_____mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete11. In the first semester, I asked my teacher______.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC. I should take what coursesD. should I take what courses12. There are ______ fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U. S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too13. You mustn't go unless either your father or I _______with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14. In our view, the root ______of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedIV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay(干草) was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummer's Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back until midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out chatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleep on the living-room sofa with the "News of the World" over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer. One of the cows broke into the door of the storehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in the store-house with whips in their hands，whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand，they jumped upon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being struck with the horns and kicked from all sides. The situation was quite out of their control. They had never seen these animals act like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures，which they were used to beating and whip-ping just as they chose，frightened them. After only a moment or two，they gave up trying to defend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animals running after them joyfully.36. The four men did not feed the cows because_______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn't at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37. The cows broke into the storehouse because______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran away.D. They gave ·in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that______.A. the cows often ran out to look for foodB. the cows often had fights with their mastersC. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cowsD. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cowsPassage TwoIt was sunrise on an August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 miles south of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followed by excited cries of "Coins! Coins!" The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman's dream: sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gonedown 210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for the port of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of them were loaded for the trip to New Orleans，yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from the ill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her down while others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗). Whatever happened, the secret-along with a treasure valued near $100，000,000 in today' s dollars-was sent to a watery grave some 300 feet below the ocean's surface.Spanish Silver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted as payment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legal tender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survive today. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melted down.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, GovMint . com is releasing these coins to the public for an amazingly low price. For a limited time, those authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shipping and handling—a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. Their net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41. What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1784?A. Loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates , it lost $100,000,000's worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42. What do we know about "Spanish Silver Dollars"?A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in America after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43. In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. Sports.B. Housing.C. History.D. Fashion.Passage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers "decorated" three rooms: One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the ugly room attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green,purple, red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue, and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy （亲密）that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others; but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44. Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45. Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. Green.B. Blue.C. Orange.D. Red.46. What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphereD. Stimulating talks among people.47. The underlined word "serene" in the last sentence is closest in meaning to______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants(移植)often are able to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806, 000 hip and knee implants (the joints most commonly replaced), double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau , an orthopaedic surgeon (矫形外科医生) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventually require a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts-agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rate estimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. "Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure rates Significantly," said Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopaedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It's good news for those who are considering replacing a knee or hip.48. What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U. S. ?A. A lot of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeons.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in U. S. hospitals.49. Why does Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Swedish doctors are more responsible and skilful.50. The U. S. is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by_____..A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operationsB. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12 -18 monthsC. setting up a national joins replacement databaseD. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden51. People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel_____. about data gathering in the U. S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post "became symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class America". In 1897 Curtis began to revive (重振) the Post on the proposition that a man's chief interest in life is the fight for .livelihood-business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successful businessmen filled its pages, and products backed by .its advertisements directed at the needs and desires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservative viewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settled in an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine than The New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the lives of massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorial matter addressed the problems and interests of the readers as never before. Neither highbrow nor lowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience. However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post's editor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ of entertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing the New Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. His conservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine’s content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of the masses, challenging its readers to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic （昏昏欲睡的）America, however, The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while The New Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52. According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. Housewives.D. Politicians.53. What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week？A. Monday.B. Thursday.C. Saturday.D. Sunday.54. Why did the Post lose much of its audience in the 1930's?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Readers couldn't afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt's politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55. What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.V. Daily Conversation (15 points)Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the followingManager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?Sarah: I' m interested in a one-bedroom apartment. 56?Manager: Yes, I have one. 57？Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?Manager: Well, it's a one-bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security deposit.You pay electricity only. Gas and water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And (59)Sarah: Sounds good. 60 ?Manager: Sure. See you tomorrow then.第II卷(非选择题，共25分)VI. Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write a letter in English in 100 - 120 words based on the following situation. Remember to write it clearly.61.请以低碳生活(a low carbon life)为主题写一篇100-120词的短文，内容包括:·流行低碳生活的背景(如:极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等) ;·实施低碳生活的若干方式(如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等) ;.低碳生活带来的积极影响。
全国各类成人高等学校招生考试统考教材(高中起点升本、专科)英语第三章 语 法
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2011年高考英语试题(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)答案
2011年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)英语答案1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C6．C【解析】考查交际用语。
根据"I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening．"可知，答话人并没有忘记对方的生日，因此选择C，How could I?表示"我怎么能忘呢?"。
What then?"那会怎么样呢?"，I’m afraid so．"恐怕是这样。
"，For sure．"肯定；确定。
"，均不符合语境。
7．D【解析】考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除A和C；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，排除B。
该从句应用which引导，which 在从句中作主语，代指前面的整个句子。
8．C【解析】考查情态动词。
句意：如果你非要吸烟，请到外面。
此处must表示"偏要，非要"。
9．A【解析】考查时态。
句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料就别喝，可以试试别的。
根据句意，"点饮料"的动作应发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。
10．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及其搭配。
根据of 的提示，首先排除A和D；remind sb．of sth．表示"提醒某人某事"；warn sb．of sth．表示"告诫某人某事"。
句意：玛丽，我提醒了约翰他要帮助你的承诺。
根据句意可知选择B。
11．D【解析】考查不定代词。
根据"My friend gave it to me"可知，我免费得到了这辆自行车，因此用nothing，for nothing表示"免费；不花钱"。
12．A【解析】考查副词及其搭配。
句意：喜欢听好音乐是一回事，但你自己演奏得好完全是另一回事。
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)成考英语教学大纲成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
全国成人高等学校招生统一考试英语考试大纲（2011年版）由教育部社科司颁布，规定了成人高等教育英语课程的教学内容、教学要求、教学原则和教学方法，适用于各类成人高等教育举办的学厉证书班、专业证书班、本科班、专科班。
一、考试性质成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
二、考试要求1.掌握英语的基本语法和常用句型。
2.理解英语的基本词义，掌握英语的基本词法，包括名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等。
3.听懂一般性交谈并能作恰当回答，能听懂日常英语新闻和报道。
4.读懂一般性题材的文字材料，掌握中心意思，理解主要事实和情节，速度为每分钟40-60个单词。
5.读懂通用的简短实用文字材料，如信函、旅游简介、广告、说明等，理解正确，速度为每分钟60-80个单词。
6.能在听、读的基础上，学习常见英语单词，短语和句子。
7.逐步提高英语口语表达能力，能基本表达思想，能掌握汉译英的基本技巧。
8.逐步树立用英语进行思维，接受英语表达方式及习惯的能力。
9.能在交际中使用基本的交际用语和职业技能。
三、考试形式1.考试采用闭卷笔试形式。
2.考试时间为150分钟。
3.试卷分值：满分150分。
成考学士学位英语教学大纲成人高考学士学位英语考试大纲是针对成人高等教育学士学位英语考试而制定的，其主要包括成人高等教育本科生申请学士学位英语统考考试内容、考试大纲、考试题型及难度等内容。
2011年成人高考高起点《英语》全国统一考试试题及参考答案
2011 年成人高等学校招生全国一致考试英语答案必定答在答题卡上指定的地址一、语音知识 5 小题 1.5 分7.5 分。
)在以下每组单词中，有一个单词的划线部分与其他单词的划线部分的读音不同样。
找出这个词。
1. A. about B. south C. loud D. youth2. A. special B. second C. uncle D. vigtory3. A. tale B. trade C. have D. wave4. A. weather B. gather C. method D. northem5. A. climb b C.doubt D.double二、词汇与语法知识15 小题 1.5 分22.5 分。
从每题的四个选项中，选出最正确的一项6.MY birthday is on Friday this year.A. 不填B. aC.anD. the7. The children were required to wear new school clothes, but Kim couldn't afford.A. anyB. oneC. someD. that8. Alfredo left the house at 6 this morning, and we ever since.A. wouldn't seeB. didn't seeC. haven't seen hadn't seen himD.9. 1 like parents to come to school,I do not like them to go away with a misunderstanding.A. butB. forC. orD. so10. At the foot of the hill, Jim his bicycle and began to push it.A. got awayB.got offC. got onD.got up11. It was beautiful weather that we spent the whole day in the park.A.reallyB.soC. suchD. very12 David won’ t come to my wedding party I send him an invitation.A.whenB.unlessC.asD.after13.the end,theboy chose to go to Oberlin College.A.AtB.ByC.InD.On14. 1 can't find my notebook in the room.I it in the library last night.A. ought to have leftB. would have leftC. should have leftD. must have left15 . A tal I building has been set up in was a wasteland before.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that16.Studies will be needed to see if the medicine has any on the disease.A. wealthB. effectC. priceD. market7. The students sat under a big tree,cold orange juice.A. drinkB. drankC. to drinkD. drinking18.The girl who by a falling tree is now in the hospital.A. hitB. has hitC. has been hitD. was hit19. You could look for a job in big cities workers are better paid.A. whereB. whenC. whoseD. that20.1 don't remember who spoke first that night,but all of us the same opinion.A. are expressingB. have expressedC. expressedD. express三.完形填空15 小题 2 分30分。
年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试英语
2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试——英语I. Phonetics (5points)Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or lettercombinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that isdifferent from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter onthe Answer sheet.1. A. lamb B. bombing C. comb D. ambition2. A. guilt B. build C. guide D. guitar3. A. laugh B. weigh C. tough D. rough4. A. theater B. threat C. thread D. treasure5. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. gratefulⅡ.Vocabulary and Structure (15 point)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There aren’t many wild pandas ____in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived7. _____I could say anything more; Holmes had rushed off towards the door.A. BeforeB. AfterC. WhenD. As8. Since you feel so strongly about this matter, you should make your views ____to other committee members.A. knowB. knowingC. being knownD. known9. They demanded that the government ____all political prisoners in the next two days.A. freeB. freedC. will freeD. would free.10. Nelson is a creative liar who is always making ____unusual excuses for not doing his work.A. acrossB. awayC. offD. upt night because my car broken down.11. –I didn’t go to class las–You ____mine I wasn’t using it.A. could borrowB. may borrowC. could have borrowedD. may have borrowed12. In our view, the root ____of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact13. You mustn’t go unless either your father or I ____with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14. There are ____fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U.S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too15. In the first semesters, I asked my teacher ____.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC. I should take what coursesD. should I take what courses16. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n) ____mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete17. Their experiment ____, Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done18. A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ____his attention and he was muchinterested in marking investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid19. Would you please let me finish my words? Don’t ____in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off20. –Have you ever played bridge?–Yes .We _____on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had playedⅢ.Cloze (30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.Scientist have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing (脸红).Why would humanevolve(进化)a 21 that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22 us to reveal that we have cheated or lied ?Charles Darwin pointed out that 23 all people of all races blush, animals do not. When it came toexplaining the reason, he was 24 a loss. That has not stopped others from trying.One 25 is that blushing started out as a way to show me obey authoritative members of the group,later, as our social interactions became 26 complex, it became involved with higher, self-conscious 27such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. This would seem to put individuals at a disadvantage, butblushing might actually make a person more 28 or socially desirable.29 that women blush more than men, one university researcher suggests that blushing might haveevolved as a way for women to 30 their honesty to men so as to win their support in raising children.Some zoologists also think blushing could have emerged as a way to foster trust. “If you were to go hunting 31 a stone-faced partner, you could never 32 what he wants,” he says. Once blushing became33 with embarrassment, anyone who did not blush might have been at a disadvantage because we are34 likely to trust someone who appears never to feel 35 about anything.21. A. response B. reply C. reflection D. recall22. A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. preventing23. A. when B. while C. since D .because24. A. on B. in C. at D. of25. A. suggestion B. advice C. solution D. question26. A. apparently B. completely C. awkwardly D. increasingly27. A. moods B. senses C. emotions D. tempers28. A. privileged B. embarrassed C. energetic D. attractive29. A. Noting B. Providing C. Assuming D. Hoping30. A. assure B. approve C. confirm D. demonstrate31. A. for B. with C. by D. as32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedⅣ.Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part; each passage is followed by four questions. Foreach question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer andblacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay (干草) was almost ready cutting. On Midsummer’s Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come backuntil midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone outchatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleepon the living-room sofa with the “News of the Word” over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer, one of the cows broke into the door of thestorehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in thestorehouse with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungryanimals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumpedupon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being struck with the horns andkicked from all sides. The situation was quiet out of their control. They had never seen these animalsact like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures, which they were used to beating andwhipping just as they chose, frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying todefend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animalsrunning after them joyfully.36. The four men did not feed the cows because_______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn’t at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37. The cows broke into the storehouse because _______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran awayD. They gave in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that _____.A. the cows often ran out to look for food.B. the cows often had fights with their masters.C. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cows.D. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cows.Passage TwoIt was sunrise on August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 milessouth of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followedby excited cries of “Coins! Coins!” The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman dream sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gone down210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for theport of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of themwere loaded for the trips to New Orleans, yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from theill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her downwhile others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗).Whatever happened, the secret along with awas sent to a watery grave some 300 feet belowtreasure valued near $100,000,000 in today’s dollars –s surface.the ocean’Spanish Sliver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted aspayment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legaltender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survivetoday. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melteddown.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, is releasing these coins to the public for anamazingly low price. For a limited time, these authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shippingand handling –a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. They net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41. What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1784?A. loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates, it lost$100,000,000’s worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42. What do we know about “Spanish Sliver Dollars”？A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in American after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43. In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. SportsB. HousingC. HistoryD. FashionPassage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers“decorated” three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended tolook average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one ofthe three rooms and rate several pictures of people’s faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave thepictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found thetask more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the uglyroom attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate.One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green,purple, red and yellow. The colors lists from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet,blue, and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy (亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouseand stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communicationwith others, but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task thatwill be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmentalfactors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year’s Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44. Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be _______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45. Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. GreenB. BlueC. OrangeD. Red46. What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphere.D. Stimulating talks among people.47. The underlined word “serene” in the last sentence is closest in meaning to _______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step.Patients receiving joint implants (移植) often are to resume many of the physical activities they love,even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing inpopularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implants (the jointsmost commonly replaced); double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedureshave become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopaedic surgeon（矫形外科医生）at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percentof hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventuallyrequire a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, oftenpainful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rateestimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacementregistry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures gowrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularlyproblematic. ‘‘Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure ratesd Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopaedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester,significantly,” saiMinn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals inplacing a knee or hip.the next 12 to 18 months. It’s good news for those who are considering re48. What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U.S.?A. A lot of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeon.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in the U.S. hospitals.49. Why dose Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Sweden doctors are more responsible and skilful.50. The U.S. is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by______.A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operationsB. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12-18 monthsC. setting up a national joint replacement databaseD. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden51. People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel _____about data gathering in the U.S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post“because symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class American”. In1897 Curtis began to revive (重振)the Post on the proposition that a man’s chief interest in life is thefight for livelihood— business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successfulbusinessmen filled its pages, and products backed by its advertisements directed at the needs anddesires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservativeviewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settledin an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine thanThe New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the livesof massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorialmatter addressed the problems and interests of the reader as never before. Neither highbrow norlowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience.However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post’ｓeditor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ ofentertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing theNew Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. Hisconservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine’ content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of themasses, challenging its reader to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald andWilliam Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic (昏昏欲睡的)America, however. The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while TheNew Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52. According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. Housewives.D. Politicians.53. What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week？A. MondayB. ThursdayC. SaturdayD. Sunday.54. Why did the Post lose much of i ts audience in the 1930’s?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Reader couldn’t afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt’s politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55. What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.Ⅴ.Daily Conversation (15 point)Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet.Sarah: Hello, I ’m calling to rent an apartment you advertised.Manager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?Sarah: I ’m interested in a one -bedroom ? Manager ：Yes, I have one. 57？Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?Manager: Well, it’s a one -bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security deposit. You pay electricity only. Gas and Water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And (59)Sarah: Sounds good. 60?Manager: Sure, See you tomorrow then.Ⅵ.Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100～120 words based on thefollowing information. Remember to write it clearly.61. 请以低碳生活（ a low carbon life ）为主题写一篇100～120词的短文，内容包括：三、流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；四、实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等）；五、低碳生活带来的积极影响。
2011年成人高考(指导、大纲-英语&政治)
2011 年成人高考政治增加和谐社会内容作为专升本层次的统考科目之一，政治也是众多成考生复习的重点。
2011 年新大纲修 订后，政治科目内容有较多变化，特别是整合了中国特色社会主义理论、增加了和谐社会相 关内容的章节。
北京市教育考试指导中心教研员闫惠介绍，2011 年新大纲主要有 3 方面变化：哲学部 分删去了旧大纲中关于社会发展进程内容的第七章； 毛泽东思想概论和邓小平理论合并为一 部分；邓小平理论部分内容进行了调整，增加了和谐社会的相关内容。
从政治复习总要求上看，新大纲对考生有 3 点要求，分别为：能比较准确地理解和掌 握马克思主义哲学原理、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的基本概念、 基本观点、 基本原理及其重要意义； 能运用马克思主义哲学、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系 的基本原理、基本方法，分析、论证、阐释建设中国特色社会主义实践中的重要问题；对于 违背马克思主义理论、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系的错误观点、 错误思想能够 识别，并给予适当的分析批判。
旧大纲规定复习考试内容有 4 部分，新大纲规定变为 3 部分。
其中，第一部分“马克思 主义哲学原理”未变，第二部分“毛泽东思想概论”变为“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论 体系概论”，旧大纲第三部分“邓小平理论和„三个代表‟重要思想概论”内容进行了调整，新大 纲第三部分和旧大纲第四部分均为“时事”。
根据新大纲规定，第一部分马克思主义哲学原理内容中，旧大纲的 7 部分要求修正为 新大纲的 6 部分要求，旧大纲的“人类社会的本质和基本结构”、“社会发展规律和历史主体 的作用”、“社会发展和人的发展”3 部分，修正为“社会存在发展的基础和基本结构”、“社会发 展的动力系统和历史进程”。
其余部分要求内容未变。
新大纲复习考试内容第二部分， 由旧大纲的“毛泽东思想概论”改为“毛泽东思想和中国特 色社会主义理论体系概论”。
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
总要求
考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇,一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容
一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则：
1.元音字母在单词中的读音
2.辅音字母在单词中的读音
3.常见字母组合的读音
二、词汇
考生应掌握约3800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
后附词汇表中仅给出每个单词的1至2个主要释义。
三、语法
考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：
(一)词法
1.名词
2.冠词
3.代词
4.数词
5.形容词
6.副词
7.介词
8.动词
9.连词
10.感叹词
(二）句法
1.基本句型
2.句子按用途分类
(1)陈述句
(2)疑问句
(3)祈使句
(4)感叹句
3.句子按结构分类
(1)简单句
(2)并列句
(3)复合句
(三）构词法
1.派生法
2.合成法
3.转换法
四、阅读。
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料5
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料52011年成人高考(专升本)英语重点复习资料5形容词与副词(4-1~5-2)大纲要求：形容词与副词掌握比较级的构成及其用法。
一、形容词在句子中的作用1、形容词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
A good boy must behave himself. 好孩子应当行为规矩。
(定语)I like this red dress very much.(定语)She is beautiful. (表语)The patient is asleep. (表语)Who has got the window open? (宾语补足语)Ive got everything ready for the class. (宾语补足语)I said it would happen， and sure enough it did happen.(独立成分)2、大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但有少数形容词只能作表语。
This is a red dress. The dress is red.alike，afraid，alone，asleep，awake，aware，alive，ashamed， unable， content.二、副词在句子中的作用副词在句子中主要作状语，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子。
Unfortunately， he wasnt at home when I came. (修饰整个句子)Luckily， she wasnt injured in the accident.(修饰整个句子)Her pronunciation is very good.(修饰形容词)I have been extremely busy these days.(修饰形容词)I can hardly agree with you.(修饰动词)He works terribly (quite) hard. (修饰副词)三、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成1.单音节词和少数双音节词(如以y结尾的)在词尾加-er ， -est.如：small，smaller，smallest; great，greater，greatest; clever， cleverer， cleverest; quiet， quieter， quietest ; common，commoner， commonest; narrow， narrower， narrowest.2、以e结尾的词加-r ， -st .如：larger， larger ， largest ; simple， simpler ， simplest ; polite， politer ， politest; brave， braver， bravest; fine，finer，finest.3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 再加-er ， -est .如：busy，busier，busiest; heavy，heavier，heaviest; happy，happier， happiest.4、以一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est .(一个辅音字母结尾;重读闭音节)如：big，bigger，biggest; thin，thinner，thinnest; hot，hotter， hottest.双音节词，多音节词比较级和最高级在词前加more， most.如：difficult， more difficult， most difficult， interesting，more interesting， most interesting; useful， more useful， most useful.特殊的比较级和最高级四、形容词和副词比较级的用法1、比较级常与than引导的状语从句连用，表示与什么相比。
2011_2016年历年成人高考《英语》真题与答案
2011 年成人高考专升本《英语》试题及答案英语本试卷共16 页，满分 150 分。
考试用时120 分钟。
考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项。
1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案示号，在．试．题．卷．上．作．答．无．效．．。
第一部分 :听力（共两节 , 满分 30 分）做题时 , 先将答案划在试卷上. 录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分）听下面 5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 5.B. 9. 15.C. 9. 18.1.What will the woman do?A. Stay indoors.B. Have a walk.C. Get a coat.2.What will the speakers order?A. Coke and orange juice.B. Orange juice and coffee.C. Coffee and Coke.3.How did the woman know about the fire?A. She read about it.B. She witnessed it.C. She saw it on TV .4.What is the man worried about?A. The match may be delayed.B. Their car may go out of control.C. They may arrive late for the game.5.What does the man mean?A. He had a terrible vacation.B. He remained at home all the time.C. The woman asked a silly question.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
全国成人高等教育考试复习考试大纲(高升专英语)
全国成人高等教育考试复习考试大纲(高升专英语)英语复习考试范围包括词汇、语法、完形填空和阅读等方面。
英语复习考试在记忆、理解和综合应用这三个层次上检测考生掌握英语的水平：记忆：能记住本大纲规定的语音、语法知识；能记住单词的拼写、读音、基本词义及主要用法；能记住本大纲规定的短语和习惯用语的意思和主要用法。
理解：能正确使用语音、语法和日常交际用语知识；能够理解各种语言现象；能够读懂适当难度的语言材料。
综合应用：能够使用本大纲规定的各类语言知识，整体理解不同形式的语篇；能够根据特定要求比较连贯、得体地表达自己的意思。
一、复习考试内容语音熟悉英语字母及常用字母组合在单词中的读音。
了解英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则，并能在实践中运用这些规则。
能在简单的日常会话中使用比较自然地语音语调。
词汇掌握2000个左右常用英语单词和一定数量的短语和习惯用语，对单词能认，会读，知道词义及其在语句中的用法。
对在一般交际中使用频率高的单词和短语，会拼写，能正确使用。
知道一些常用词的近义词和反义词。
能够根据上下文或利用基本的构词法知识判断语篇中生词的含义。
语法1、词类1）名词2）形容词3）副词4）动词5）代词6）冠词7）数词8）介词9）连词10）感叹词2、名词1）可数和不可数名词2）名词的复数形式3）专有名词4）所有格3、代词1）人称代词2）物主代词3）反身代词4）指示代词5）不定代词6）疑问代词4、数词1）基数词2）序数词5、介词6、连词7、形容词1）形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级8、副词1）时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级9、冠词的一般用法10、动词1）动词的基本形式（1）现在式（2）过去式（3）过去分词（4）-ing形式2）行为动词的及物性和不及物性3）连系动词be,get,look,seem,turn,grow,become等4）助动词be,do,have,shall,will等5）情态动词can,may,must,ought,need,dare等6）动词的时态（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）现在完成时（7）过去完成时（8）过去将来时7）动词的被动语态（1）一般现在时的被动语态（2）一般过去时的被动语态（3）一般将来时的被动语态（4）现在完成时的被动语态（5）带有情态动词的被动语态8）动词不定式①作主语②作宾语③作补足语④作定语⑤作状语⑥作表语⑦用在how,when,where,what,which等之后9）动词的过去分词①作定语②作表语③作宾语补足语④作状语10）动词的ing形式①作主语②作宾语③作宾语补足语④作表语⑤作定语⑥作状语11句子1）句子种类（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）(2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句）(3）祈使句(4）感叹句2)句子的成分主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、直接宾语和间接宾语。
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全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲
专科升本科《英语》
总要求
考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇，一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容
一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则：1．元音字母在单词中的读音；2．辅音字母在单词中的读音；3．常见字母组合的读音。
二、词汇
考生应掌握约3 800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
三、语法
考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：
（一）词法
1．名词
名词的分类，名词的数，名词的所有格，名词在句中的作用
2．冠词
冠词（定冠词、不定冠词）的基本用法，冠词的习惯用法及冠词的省略
3．代词
人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法；“it”作非人称代词、作引导词的用法。
4．数词
基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及其用法。
5．形容词
形容词的基本用法及其比较级
6．副词
副词的基本用法及其比较级
7．介词
常用介词和介词短语的用法
8．动词
（1）动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。
（2）动词的基本形式：规则动词和不规则动词的形式变化。
（3）动词主要时态的构成、用法及时态的呼应；谓语动词与主语的一致关系。
（4）情态动词的基本用法。
（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及其主要用法。
（6）被动语态的构成及其基本用法。
（7）虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。
9．连词
并列连词及其用法，从属连词及其用法
10．感叹词
感叹词及其用法
（二）句法
1．五种基本句型
（1）主语 + 谓语动词
（2）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语
（3）主语 + 连系动词 + 表语
（4）主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
（5）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
2．句子按用途分类：
（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及其用法
（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及其用法
（3）祈使句的构成及其用法
（4）感叹句的构成及其用法
3．句子按结构分类：
（1）简单句
（2）并列句
（3）复合句
①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联词
②定语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词
③状语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词
（三）构词法
1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀
2．合成法
3．转换法
四、阅读
考生应能读懂各种题材(包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等)和体裁(包括记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、应用文等)、生词量不超过所读材料2％的文字材料。
考生应能理解所读材料的主旨大意，掌握主要事实和有关细节，辨识作者的基本态度和观点，能根据有关信息进行一定的推理、判断或引申。
五、补全对话
考生应熟悉日常生活会话的表达方法，包括问候、告别、介绍、感谢、拒绝、道歉、邀请、提议、请求等话题。
要求根据对话提供的信息，通过分析、判断，从所给选项中选出适合其场景的最佳答案。
六、短文写作
考生应能根据给定题目或提出的条件（包括给出段首句、图表或特定情境等），写出一篇100~12 0词的短文，要求能够正确表达思想，内容基本清晰完整，语言基本通顺达意，用词基本恰当，符合文章的特定文体格式。
考试形式及试卷结构
试卷总分：150分
考试时间：150分钟
考试方式：闭卷，笔试
试卷内容比例：
语音：约3％
词汇与语法结构：约10％
完形填空：约20％
阅读理解：约40％
补全对话：约10％
短文写作：约17％
详细的考查内容和要求如下：
第一部分：语音
共5个小题，每小题1分，共5分。
要求从所给的四个单词的划线部分中选出一个与其他三个读音不同的选项。
第二部分：词汇与语法结构
共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分。
每小题留有空白处，要求考生从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案填入空白，使句子意思完整。
第三部分：完形填空
共15个小题，每小题2分，共30分。
该部分是一篇200词左右的短文，短文中有15处空白，每个空白为1小题。
每小题有四个选项，要求考生在阅读理解文章内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构合理、完整。
第四部分：阅读理解
共20个小题，每小题3分，共60分。
该部分由5篇文章组成，阅读量为1
500词左右。
每篇文章后有若干问题，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从题后给出的四个选项中选出一个最符合题意的答案。
第五部分：补全对话
共5个小题，每小题3分，共15分。
该部分为一段对话，要求考生在理解对话的基础上，运用掌握的语言知识，补全对话内容。
第六部分：短文写作
1个小题，25分。
这部分要求考生根据所给题目或提出的条件写出一篇100—120词的短文。
以上内容总结为：
试卷题型比例：
客观题约73％
主观题约27％
试题难易比例：
容易题：约30％
中等难度题：约50％
较难题：约20％
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