英美文学选读 英国 文艺复兴时期 练习题汇总
外国文学文艺复兴时期欧洲文学试卷(练习题库)(2023版)
外国文学文艺复兴时期欧洲文学试卷（练习题库）1、人文主义的最基本特征，是以（）为中心，反对以（）为中心。
2、欧洲的文艺复兴运动不仅仅是古希腊、罗马文艺和学术的复兴，更是O 文化的崛起。
3、被誉为文艺复兴时期“文学三杰”的作家是（）、（）和（）。
4、彼特拉克的抒情名作O主要表达以O为中心的人文主义精神，形式以O 为主。
5、“我不想变成上帝……于人的那种光荣对我来说就够了。
这是我所企求的一切，我自己是凡人，我只要求凡人的幸6、法国人文主义文学的两种倾向是以O为代表的平民倾向，和以O为代表的贵族倾向。
7、薄伽丘的代表作是（），它开创了欧洲（）的样式。
8、拉伯雷著名的长篇小说是（），其中的父子巨人是（）和（），小说里展现作者乌托邦式社会理想的地方是（），9、西班牙最著名的流浪汉小说是（）。
10、O的剧作奠定了西班牙民族戏剧的基础，他在其最优秀的剧本O中描写了西班牙农民的抗暴斗争。
11、《堂吉诃德》是塞万提斯最重要的作品，其矛头指向（）和（）。
12、欧洲最早表现空想思想的作品是英国（）的（）。
13、乔叟的代表作是（），其中故事绝大部分用（）体写成。
14、英国“大学才子派”中最有才华、成就最大的剧作家是（），其代表作是（）。
15、被称为莎士比亚的“诗的遗嘱”的是O剧（）。
16、莎士比亚的四大悲剧是（）、（）、（）和（）。
17、莎士比亚悲剧代表作《哈姆莱特》中，（）与（）的矛盾冲突是主要情节线索。
18、福斯塔夫这个形象出现在莎士比亚的历史剧《（）》和喜剧《（）》中。
19、莎士比亚戏剧中最复杂的三大人物典型是（）、（）和（）。
20、莎士比亚历史剧、喜剧、传奇剧、悲剧的代表作分别是《（）》、《（）》、《（）》和《（）》、21、文艺复兴运动的发源地是（）。
22、文艺复兴时期，欧洲文学的主潮是（）。
23、彼特拉克的《歌集》的主要形式是（）。
24、“英国诗歌之父”是（）。
25、龙沙属于O26、《十日谈》是一部（）。
27、西班牙剧作家维加的戏剧《羊泉村》表现的是（）。
全国自考(英美文学选读)模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)
全国自考（英美文学选读）模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 2. 阅读理解 3. 简答题 4. 论述题单项选择题1．Edmund Spenser,Christopher Marlowe and Francis Bacon are the few literary giants in period. ( )A．EnlightenmentB．Neo classicalC．RomanticD．Renaissance正确答案：D解析：埃德蒙.斯宾塞、克里斯托夫.马洛和弗兰西斯.培根，部是文艺复兴时期的文学巨匠。
2．The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Marlowe, William Shakespeare and . ( )A．John MiltonB．John MarloweC．Ben JonsonD．Edmund Spenser正确答案：C解析：文艺复兴时期英国最著名的戏剧家有克里斯托夫.马洛、威廉.莎士比亚与本.琼生。
3．Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are______. ( )A．Hamlet, Othello, King hear and MacbethB．Hamlet,Othello,King Lear and Romeo and JulietC．Hamlet,Coriolanus,King Lear and MacbethD．Hamlet, Julius caesar ,Othello and Macbeth正确答案：A解析：第三阶段包括了莎翁最伟大的悲剧和他自称的黑色喜剧(或悲喜剧)。
悲剧有《哈姆莱特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》、《安东尼与克利奥佩特拉》、《特洛伊勒斯与克利西达》及《科里奥拉那斯》。
其中具有代表性的悲剧是《哈姆莱特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》。
英美文学选读自考题-3
英美文学选读自考题-3(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ.Multiple Choice(总题数：40，分数：40.00)1.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events EXCEPT ______.A. the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB. the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC. the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD. the religious reformation and the economic expansion（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：主要考查的知识点为激发文艺复兴的历史事件。
文艺复兴是由一系列的历史事件激发、推动的，其中包括对古希腊罗马文化的重新发现，地理天文领域的新发现，宗教改革及经济发展。
2.The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. BlakeD. Milton（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：主要考查的知识点为十四行诗的领导人物。
怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进美国，而萨里引进了无韵体诗，他们共同开创了英国式的十四行诗。
3.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：主要考查的知识点为文艺复兴时期英国最著名的戏剧家。
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总(选择大题)
I．Multiple ChoiceOld and Medieval Period1. ____ Beowulf ___, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. D. The Legend of Good Women3. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely __ B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales____________. A．William Langland’ s Piers PlowmanC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales1. ____A. B. George Gordon ByronC. Edmund SpenserD. Robert Browning1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of B.knightly __. knightly _ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A .Christian C. Greek D. primitiveThe Neoclassical Period1.With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideas coming into England, the English Renaissance began flourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. Greek2. During the reign of ________, England started its Religious Reformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID. Queen Elizabeth3. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption and superstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas MoreD. William Shakespeare4. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion5. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church6.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.7. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modern world.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist8. The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry9.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism10．__ Humanism ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C．D．Reason11. About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statementsA. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling classwithout any freedom and independence.C. They couldn’t see the human values in their works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importanceof the present life.12. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres13. Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the __blank verse ________and made it the principal medium of English drama.A. B. free verse C. sonnet D. alliteration14. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “_ mighty lines _____”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD. religious lines15._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England, while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser16. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD. Marlowe17. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare18. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima19. Christopher Marlow’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” is a (n) .A. pastoral lyricB. elegyC. eulogyD. epic20.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ____________. A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser21. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson22. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th - century writers who wrote under the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton23.Which of the following is NOT typical of metaphysical poetry best represented by John Donne’s works?A. Common speech.B. Conceit.C. Argument.D. Refined language.24. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton25. Spenser’s masterpiece is The Faierie Queene ______, which is a great poem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB.C. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales26.Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _____.A. The Shepheared’s CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The Canterbury Tales27.___ Francis Bacon _ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney28. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist but also the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science29. ______, the first important English essayist, was also the founder ofmodern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance.A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas More C．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare 30. _____, the first important English essayist, is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.A. Charles LambB. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly31．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulness D．mildnessWilliam Shakespeare1. Shakespeare is known to have used _________ different words. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 20002. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, againstsocial inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money. B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.3．Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are __ Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth______.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, HamletB．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice C．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet4. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.（）A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD.King John…The Merchant of Venice5.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream6. In Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, which of the following is the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.7. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true? （一）12(浙0301)A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.8. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio9. In Hamlet, the hero’s trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother’s second marriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne10. ____ Soliloquy ____ is a natural means of writing in revealing the prince’s inner conflict and psychological predicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．C．Dramatic monologue D．Satire11.“To be, or not to be - that is the question;/Whether’ tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea of troubles ,/And by opposing end then?”These lines are taken from _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD. Hamlet12．“To be, or not to be—that is the question”is a line taken from___________.A．Hamlet B．Othello C．King Lear D．The merchant of venice13.“To be, or not to be — that is the question；／whether’ tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, ／And by opposing endthem?”The quoted lines are taken from ______.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet14. _. Macbeth’s ____ lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.A. Othello’sB. Hamlet’sC. Shylock’s D15. _ Othello’s ____ inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force.A. Hamlet’sB. Othello’sC. King Lear’sD. Macbeth’s16. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.17. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.18. The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night19.It is generally believed that the most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. As You Like ItC. The Merchant of VeniceD. Twelfth Night20.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile. B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.21.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy TheMerchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism22.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost23. The Tempest is a typical example of Shakespeare’s__________view of life towards human life and society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above24.As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece25. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story, is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter’s TaleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost26. Shakespeare’s ______ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies27. Which of the following is William Shakespeare’s history play?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear28. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.29．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s _____ sonnets _________. A．comedies B．tragedies C．sonnetsD．histories30.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 includes three stanzas according to the content with these last two lines as a （couplet ）, which completes the sense of the above lines.A. preludeB. coupletC. epigraphD. exposition31. In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty , wit and loyaltyD. both A and BJohn Milton1．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament2. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from____. It tells about___.A. the Old Testament ……Satan’s rebellion against God.B. the Bible……the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of Eden.C. Greek Mythology ……a young prince’s revenge on his father’s murderer.D. both A and B3. Paradise Lost tells the story of _____.A. a young prince's revenge on his father's murdererB. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of EdenC. Satan's rebellion against GodD. both B and C4. Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost is true?A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracy with Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justify the ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.5. In heaven, _____ led a rebellion against God. Defeated, he and his rebel angels were cast into Hell.A. AdamB. EveC. SatanD. Samson6.John Milton’s _. Paradise Lost _____ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica7．Among the three major works by John Milton ______ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf. A．Paradise Regained B．Samson Agonistes C．Lycidas D．Paradise Lost8.John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the only generallyacknowledged epic in English literarure since Beowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes9.John Milton wrote ______ to expose the way of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men”.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes10. “To wage by force or guile eternal war,Irreconcilable to our grand Foe.”（John Milton, Paradise lost)By what means were Satan and his followers to wage this war against God?A. By planting a tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden.B. By turning into poisonous snakes to threaten man’s life.C. By removing God from His throne.D. By corrupting man and woman created by God.11. John Milton’ s most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model is _ Samson Agonistes _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lycidas12. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton’s _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica13. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth14. Among the three major poetical works by John Milton ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Areopagitica15. The hero of one his main works is an Israel’s mighty champion, blind, alone and fighting against his thoughtless enemies. This hero’s experience is in close resemblance to the poet himself. This poet’s name is ________.A．John Milton B．John BunyanC．Edmund Spenser D．Christopher Marlowe16. Which of the following is not John Milton’s works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello17. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. LlycidasII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)(1)Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May，And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee.1.What kind of poem is this, blank verse, sonnet, pastoral poem,or ode? Who is the author?2. What is the central idea of this poem?41. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken.B. What does the word “this” in the last line refer to?C. What idea do the quoted lines express?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. “this” refers the poem.C. When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. Anice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever.41．“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:”Questions:A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.B．Name the figure of speech employed in the poem.C．What is the theme of the poem?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. PersonificationC. A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty inpoetry can last for ever.41. “To be, or not to be —— that is the question;Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”Questions:A. Who is the writer of this work? What’s the title of the work?B. What does the phrase “to take arms against a sea of troubles ”mean?C. How do you understand the quotation “To be, or not to be -that is the question”?41. A. William Shakespeare; HamletB. “to take arms against a sea of troubles ” means to take up armsagainst troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.C. Whether to live on in this world or to die is a question. It reflectsHamlet’s dilemma and has become the eternal question of human action.III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each) 45．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.45. A. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello,King Lear, and Macbeth.B. They some characteristics in common. Each portrays somenoble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.C. Each hero has his weakness of nature: Hamlet, the melancholicscholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind;Othello’s inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power makes himself suffer from treachery and infidelity; and Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.45. Working through the tradition of a Christian humanism, Milton wrote Paradise Lost, intending to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men.” What is Milton’s fundamental concern in Paradise Lost?45. A. At the center of the conflict between human love and spiritualduty lies Milton’s fundamental concern with freedom andchoice;B. The freedom to submit to God’s prohibition on eating the appleC. and the choice of disobedience made for love.IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)49. Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.49. A. Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individualones nor type ones; they represent certain types; they areindividuals representing certain types. By employing apsycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds inexploring the characters’inner world. Shakespeare alsoportrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently usedto bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrowsthem from old plays or story-books, from ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story.There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such asthe sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old works also creates striking effects on the reader.1. Please state Shakespeare's views on the Renaissance literature.A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.。
文艺复兴练习题
文艺复兴1.下列关于文艺复兴的表述，错误的是（ A ）A．是希腊、罗马古典文化的复兴B．14世纪兴起于意大利C．资产阶级新文化的兴起D．其社会思潮是人文主义2.英国著名的文学家莎士比亚创作的著名悲剧是（ A ）A.《哈姆雷特》B.《威尼斯商人》C.《仲夏夜之梦》D.《被缚的普罗米修斯》3.某学者写道，在16世纪，人们将“文艺复兴”一词只理解为恢复古代传统。
你认为文艺复兴的实质应是（ A ）A.资产阶级的思想文化运动B.古典文化的复兴C.封建思想的兴起D.宗教领域内的斗争4.文艺复兴时期的核心思潮是人文主义，提倡以人为中心，发扬人的个性，追求现世的幸福。
下列文艺作品中不能反映人文主义的是（ D ）:A.《神曲》B.《哈姆雷特》C.《最后的晚餐》D.《马可•波罗行纪》5.人文主义思潮的主要观点是( C )①肯定人的价值，相信人的力量②对待实际问题不是从神出发，而是从人出发③倡导宗教改革，反对天主教会④要求把人从宗教束缚中解放出来，发挥人的智慧A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④6.文艺复兴运动发源于意大利的根本原因是（ A ）A.资本主义生产关系的萌芽最早在意大利产生B.意大利保留了古代丰富的文化遗产C.意大利城市经济繁荣，聚集了众多的博学之才D.意大利的分裂状态使天主教会无法控制7.文艺复兴时期，人文主义思潮强调人的价值，追求个性解放，反对神学迷信，主要是因为（ B ）A.新航路的开辟打破了天主教会的“天圆地方”说B.资本主义工商业的发展突出人的作用`C.席卷西欧的宗教改革运动沉重打击了天主教会D.哥白尼“太阳中心说”的确立8.下列关于文艺复兴运动的性质的叙述，最确切的是（D ）①是资产阶级文化的新浪潮②希腊、罗马古典文化的复兴③思想文化领域里的一场伟大变革④它把人们从封建神学的桎梏下解放出来A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①③9.但丁被称为“新时代的最初一位诗人”对“新时代”的准确理解是（ C ）A.资产阶级开始建立自己的统治B.大机器开始取代手工生产C.封建制度解体，资本主义兴起D.人们从宗教的束缚中解放出来10.以宗教为题材的《哀悼基督》、《最后的晚餐》成为人文主义的名画，是因为（ A ）A.表现真实的人物和现实的世界B.揭露宗教的黑暗《C.反对信仰基督教D.提倡宗教改革11.“我不想变成上帝，或居住在永恒之中，或者把天地抱在怀里，属于人的那种光荣对我就够了。
英美文学选读-英国-新古典主义时期-练习题汇总
1. The 18th-century England is known as ( ) (浙0710)A. the Age of PuritanismB. the Age of ReasonC. the Era of CapitalismD. the Age of Glory2. English Enlighteners in the 18th century held ________ as the yardstick for the measurement of all human activities and relations. （一）1A. propertyB. educationC. emotionD. reason3. In the Enlightenment Movement, the progressive representatives intended ______. (浙0810)A. to call the people to fight against poverty and hardshipB. to tell people to economize and to accumulate wealthC. to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideasD. to instruct people to obtain their present social status through hard work4. As to education, the enlighteners thought that ______. （浙0310）A. human beings were limited, dualistic, imperfect, and not capable of rationality and perfectionthrough education.B. universal education was unnecessary.C. if the common people were well educated, there would be great chance for a democratic and equal human society.D. most of the human beings were perfect themselves, so only a few needed further education.5. Why did the enlighteners regard education the major means to improve the society and the people? ( ) (浙0710)A. Because most of the human beings were perfect themselves, so only a few needed further education.B. If the common people were well educated, there would be great chance for a democratic and equal human society.C. Because universal education was limited , dualistic, imperfect, and unnecessary.D. Because human beings were not capable of rationality and perfection through education.6. About reason , the enlighteners thought _____. （浙0210）A. reason or rationality should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activitiesB. reason couldn't lead to truth and justiceC. superstition was above reason and rationalityD. equality and science is contrary to reason and rationality7. In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about the tendency of ( )A. realismB. puritanismC. neoclassicismD. romanticism8. Which of the following statements about Neo-Classicism and Enlightenment Movement is true?A. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the17th century.B. Neo-Classicism found its artistic models in the classical literature of the ancient Greek and Roman writers like Homer, Virgil, Horace, Ovid, etc. and in the contemporary French writers.C. Neo-Classicism put the stress on the classical artistic ideals of order, logic, proportion, spontaneous emotion, and passion.D. Satire was much used in writing in the neo-classic works. English literature of this age produced a distinguished satirist Daniel Defoe.9. Which of the following descriptions of Enlightenment Movement is NOT true? (097)A. It was a progressive intellectual movement that flourished in France.B. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centuries.C. The purpose was to enlighten the whole world with modern philosophical and artistic ideas.D. The Enlighteners advocate individual education.10. The enlighteners placed much emphasis on reason, because they thought （）(浙0710）A. superstition was above reason and rationality.B. reason and emotion both could lead to truth and justice.C. reason or rationality should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities.D. equality and science is contrary to reason and rationality.11. All of the following statements can correctly describe the Enlightenment Movement EXCEPTA. The movement flourished in France.B. The movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance.C. The purpose of the movement was to enlighten the whole world.D. The purpose of the movement was to enhance the religious education.12. As a representative of the Enlightenment, ______ was one of the first to introduce rationalism to England. (094)A. John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC. Alexander PopeD. Jonathan Swift13.(The)（）was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century. (054)A. RomanticismB. HumanismC. EnlightenmentD. Sentimentalism14. According to the neoclassicists, all forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and ______ writers. （浙0210）A. ItalianB. BritishC. GermanD. Roman15. Which of the following statements is true according to the principles of the neoclassicists? (浙0801)A. All forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers.B. They tried to delight, instruct and correct human beings as social animals.C. They tried to develop a polite, urbane, witty and intellectual art.D. All of the above.16. The neoclassicists did not believe that ( ) (浙0710)A. the literature should be used to delight and instruct human beings.B. the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy.C. the literary works should be created independently and originally.D. both A and C17. The great political and social events in the English society of neoclassical period were the following EXCEPT ______. (104)A. the Restoration of King Charles II in 1660B. the Great Plague of 1665C. the Great London Fire in 1666D. the Wars of Roses in 1689 （1455-1487）18. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people. (044)A. romanticB. realisticC. propheticD. idealistic19. Which of the following terms can be used to refer to the 18th-century English literature?A. The Age of Romance.B. The Age of Drama .C. The Age of Prose.D. The Age of Poetry.20. The belief of the eighteenth - century neoclassicists in England led them to seek the following EXCEPT ______. (104)A. proportionB. UnityC. harmonyD. spirit21. The British bourgeois or middle class believed in the following notions EXCEPT ______.(094)A. self - esteemB. self - relianceC. self - restraintD. hard work22. In the 18th century, the British government was mainly controlled by two political parties in turn. They are （）(浙0801)A. the upper House and the lower House.B. the House of Lords and the House of Representatives.C. the Whigs and the Tories.D. the Senate and the House of Representatives.23．Contrary to the traditional romance of aristocrats, the modern English novel gives a realistic presentation of life of ______. （084）A．the common English people B．the upper classC．the rising bourgeoisie D．the enterprising landlords24. The principal elements of _________in the late eighteenth century are violence, horror, and thesupernatural, which strongly appeal to reader’s emotion.( ) （一）3 (浙0601)A. history novelB. Gothic novelC. romantic novelD. sentimental novel25. “Graveyard School” writers are the following sentimentalists EXCEPT ______. (094)A. James ThomsonB. William CollinsC. William CowperD. Thomas Jackson古墓派诗人—汤姆森-科林斯-库伯26. The poem “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”墓园挽诗established ______ as the leader of the sentimental poetry of the day，especially “the Graveyard School”. (087)(047) A. Thomas Gray 汤姆斯-葛雷 B. Samuel JohnsonC. John BunyanD. John Milton27. Neoclassicists had some fixed laws and rules for prose EXCEPT_____.（一）4 （097）A. being preciseB. being directC. being flexibleD. being satiric28. In the theatrical world of the neoclassical period, ________ was the leading figure among the host of playwrights.A．William Blake B．Richard Brinsley Sheridan理查德.比.谢立丹C．Ben Jonson D．Bernard Shaw29. Richard Brinsley Sheridan was the only English dramatist of the ______ century. (浙0810)A. sixteenthB. seventeenth （一）5C. eighteenthD. nineteenth30. In the last few decades of the 18th century, the neoclassicism was gradually replaced by __. (浙0510)A. romanticismB. critical realismC. modernismD. naturalism31. The middle of the 18th century saw a newly rising literary form—( ) (浙0301)A. the modern English novelB. the modern English poetryC. the modern English dramaD. both A and B32. Britain witnessed two major romantic poets in the later half of the 18th century. They are ( ) （浙0701）A. John Milton and William Blake （一）6B. Robert Burns and John KeatsC. George Herbert and John DonneD. Robert Burns and William Blake33. _____ was the last greatest neoclassicist enlightener in the later 18th century. (浙0501)A. Henry FieldingB. Alexander PopeC. Richard SteeleD. Samuel Johnson34. ______ was the last great neoclassicist enlightener in the later eighteenth century. He was very much concerned with the theme of the vanity of human wishes.（）（一）7 （浙0901）A. William Blake B. Samuel JohnsonC. Thomas GrayD. Henry Fielding35. Which of the following authors does not belong to the enlighteners of the 18th century? （浙0701）A. Jonathan Swift.B. Walter Scott .C. Daniel Defoe.D. Henry Fielding.Daniel Defoe36. Which of the following is not Daniel Defoe’s works? (浙0710 )A. Gulliver’s Travels Jonathan SwiftB. Captain SingletonC. Moll FlandersD. Robinson Crusoe37. In Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe glorifies all the following qualities of middle-class men EXCEPT_____.A. the indignity of labourB. religious devotionC. loyalty to the kingD. pioneering spirit38. In Robinson Crusoe, the writer glorifies （）（一）8 (浙0710)A. pride and happiness.B. independence and strong will.C. human labor and the Puritan fortitude.D. hard work and success.39. The language in Robinson Crusoe is ( ). （浙0310）A. easy, smooth and colloquialB. difficult and artificialC. lengthy and imaginativeD. obscene and difficult40. The novels of _______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people.A．Bunyan B．DefoeC．Fielding D．Swift41. Defoe’s group of four novels are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people. They are the following EXCEPT ______.（一）9 （107）A. Captain SingletonB. Moll FlandersC. RoxanaD. Robinson Crusoe42. Daniel Defoe, at the age of nearly 60, started his first novel__________,which is universally considered his masterpiece. (浙0410) A. Robinson Crusoe B. Moll FlandersC. Colonel JackD. Captain Singleton43. Daniel Defoe’s ______ is universally considered as his masterpiece. (104)A. Colonel JackB. Robinson CrusoeC. Captain SingletonD. A Journal of the Plague Year44. Daniel Defoe’s works are all the following EXCEPT_____. （097）A. Moll FlandersB. A Tale of a TubC. A Journal of the Plague YearD. Colonel Jack45．Daniel Defoe describes ______________ as a typical English Middle- class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist. （074）A．Tom Jones B．GulliverC．Moll Flanders D．Robinson Crusoe46. Daniel Defoe describes ______ as a typical English middle — class man of the eighteenth century，the very prototype of the empire builder，the pioneer colonist．(087)A. Robinson CrusoeB. Moll FlandersC. GulliverD. Tom Jones47. The hero Robinson Crusoe is a typical （）man, who has a great capacity for work, inexhaustibleenergy, courage, patience and persistence in overcoming obstacles and struggling against the hostile natural environment. (浙0510)A. seventeenth-century English upper classB. eighteenth-century English middle classC. seventeenth-century English working classD. eighteenth-century English lower class48. The hero Robinson Crusoe is a typical 18th century English middle-calss man who __. (浙0610)A. has a great capacity for work, inexhaustible energy, courage, patience and persistence in overcoming obstacles and struggling against the hostile natural environment.B. has strong will, but can’t endure life’s loneliness.C. has a great capacity for work, but is frightened by the hostile natural environment.D. thinks all the people are born equal.49. The hero in Robinson Crusoe is the prototype of ( ) （一）10 （浙0210）（浙0810）A. the then progressive bourgeoisieB. the empire builderC. the pioneer colonistD. all of the above50. In his novel, Robinson Crusoe, Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ________? (047)A. aristocratic classB. enterprising landlordsC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working people51. _____, an adventure story very much in spirit of the time, is universally considered Defoe’smasterpiece. (浙0501) A. Moll Flanders B. Colonel JackC. Robinson CrusoeD. Roxana52. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?A. Robinson CrusoeB. Gulliver’s Travels (044)C. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. A Sentimental Journey53. Crusoe is the hero in The life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Grusoe, of York, Mariner (also known as Robinson Crusoe)by . (034)A. Jonathan SwiftB. Daniel DefoeC. George EliotD. wrence54．All of the following novels by Daniel Defoe are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower-class people EXCEPT ______. （084）A．Robinson Crusoe B．Captain SingletonC．Moll Flanders D．Colonel Jack55. Which of the following is NOT Defoe’s work?( ) (浙0401)A. Moll FlandersB. Colonel JackC. Silas MarnerD. RoxanaJonathan Swift56. Which of the following is true about Jonathan Swift’s thoughts as a representative of the enlightenment movement? ( ) （一）11 (浙0701)A. To better human life, enlightenment is unnecessary.B. Human nature is simple and naive.C. Human nature was destined and couldn’t be changed.D. It’s possible to reform and improve human nature and human institutions.57. English literature of the 18th century produces some excellent satirists, among whom _______ is a master satirist.A．Jonathan Swift B．Henry FieldingC．Samuel Richardson D．Thomas Gray58. As a master satirist, Swift’s satire is usually masked by ( ) （一）12 (浙0710)A. outward gravity and apparent earnestnessB. apparent eagerness and sincerityC. pessimism and bitternessD. seemingly gentleness and sweetness59. In the book Gulliver’s Travels the hero traveled to the following places except ( )（浙0810）A. the Indian IslandB. BrobdingnagC. LilliputD. the Houyhnhnm land60.In which of the following works can y ou find the proper names “Lilliput,” “Brobdingnag,” “Houyhnhnm,” and “Yahoo”? (034)A. James Joyce’s Ulsses.B. Charles Dickens’s Bleak House.C. Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.D. D. H. Lawrence’s Women in love.61. Lilliput is _____in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift. (浙0301)A. the name of the hero who made deep-sea voyagesB. an imaginary island inhabited by people not more than six inches highC. a minor character who accompanied the hero during his voyagesD. the country of horses endowed with human intelligence62. Brobdingnag is an imaginary island where the inhabitants are_____.（一）13 (浙0301)A. ten times taller and larger than the ordinary human beingsB. the horses who are hairy, wild, low and despicableC. the Yahoos who are wise and intelligentD. the small people who are only six inches tall63.The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels are ___. (024)A.horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy,wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways.64. The Honyhnhnm Land is an imaginary island where _____. (浙0501)A. horses are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities.B. yahoos are governing class.C. horses are hairy, wild, low and despicable brutes, who resemble human beings not only inappearance but also almost every other way.D. yahoos are possessed of reason.65. In the Houyhnhnm land, Gulliver found that ______ were hairy, wild, low and despicable brutes while ______ are endowed with reason and all good and admirable qualities. （一）14A. the horses ... the YahoosB. the horses ... human beings （浙0710）C. the Yahoos ... the horsesD. the Yahoos ... human beings66. In ___________ of Gulliver’s Travels, Jonathan Swift satirizes the western civilization including false illusions about science, philosophy, history and immortality.A．the first voyage to Lilliput 小人国-利利普特，仅6英寸高，B．the secondt voyage to Brobdingnag巨人岛-布鲁布丁鲁那可，国王60英尺C．the third voyage to the Flying Island 飞岛—与世隔绝的世界D．the fourth voyage to Houyhnhnm land 智慧岛—马-高度智慧-圈养YAHOOS67. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life— socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally. (044)A. Moll FlandersB. Gulliver’s Travels（一）15C. Pilgrim’s ProgressD. The School for Scandal68. Which of the following is true about the book Gulliver’s Travels ? （）A. It is a study of human nature and life.B. It has high artistic skills in making the story an organic whole.C. It makes criticisms and satires of all aspects in the contemporary English and European life.D. It is not a book of satire though it is a book of rebellion.69. The social significance of Gulliver’s Travels lies in ______. （浙0210）A. the devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life.B. his artistic skill in making the story an organic wholeC. his central concern of study of human nature and lifeD. both B and C70．As one of the greatest masters of English prose, ________ defined a good style as “proper words i n proper places”. （084）A．Henry Fielding B．Jonathan Swift（一）16C．Samuel Johnson D．Alexander Pope71. Who defined a good style as “proper words in proper places?” (浙0307)A. Jonathan SwiftB. Charles DickensC. Edmund SpencerD. George Bernard Shaw72. A good style of prose“ proper works in proper places” was defined by_____. （097）A. John MiltonB. Henry FieldingC. Jonathan SwiftD.T.S. Eliot73. Jonathan Swift’s greatest satiric work is ______.A. A Tale of a TubB. The Battle of the BooksC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. A Modest Proposal74. Jonathan Swift’ s ______ is generally regarded as the best model of satire, not only of the period but also in the whole English literary history. （一）17 (104)A. Gulliver’s TravelsB. The Battle of the BooksC. “A Modest Proposal”D. A Tale of a Tub75. The best model of satire in the whole English literary history is Jonathan Swift's ______. (094)A. A Modest ProposalB. A Tale of a TubC. Gulliver's TravelsD. The Battle of the Books76. Jonathan Swift is a master satirist in English literature. His A Tale of a Tub is an attack on（）.A. the governmentB. greed（一）18C. the churchD. the abuse of power77．______________ is a typical feature of Swift’s writings. （074）A．Bitter satire B．Elegant styleC．Casual narration D．Complicated sentence structure78. Which of the following is not Swift’s works? (浙0310)A. A Tale of a TubB. The Battle of the BooksC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. Tom Jones79. Henry Fielding is mainly concerned about ______ in his works. (浙0701)A. the miserable life of the middle-class peopleB. the ordinary and usually ridiculous life of the common peopleC. the special life style of some groupsD. the real life of the upper-class people80. _____ is generally consiered Fielding’s masterpiece. (浙0610)A. Joseph AndrewsB. Jonathan Wild the GreatC. Tom JonesD. Gulliver’s Travels81. _____ was first intended as a burlesque of the dubious morality and false sentimentality of Richardson’s Pamela. (浙0401)A. Joseph AndrewsB. Tom Jones（一）19C. Jonathan Wild the GreatD. Moll Flanders82. Of all the eighteenth - century novelists ______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern nov el its structure and style. (104)A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. Jonathan SwiftD. Laurence Sterne83.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “___ in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style. (024)A.tragic epicic epicC.romanceD.lyric epic84 Of the eighteenth-century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to _____. （浙0210）A. instruct the people through his writingB. give the modern novel its structure and styleC. amuse the people through his worksD. adopt the third-person narration85. In Tom Jones, the hero Tom is __________in contrast with Blifil who is __________.(浙0301)A. innocent and kind-hearted ... hypocritical and wickedB. hypocritical and wicked ... innocent and kindheartedC. rude and stubborn ... cunning and speculatingD. cunning and speculating ... rude and stubborn86. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative . （一）20 (044)The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding’s work .A. Jonathan Wild the GreatB. Tom JonesC. The Coffe-House PoliticianD. Amelia87. Henry Fielding adopted “______” to relate a story in his novel in which the author becomes the“all- knowing God”. （107）A. the first- person narrationB. the epistolary formC. the picaresque formD. the third -person narration88. Henry Fielding adopted_________ as his way to relate the story in a novel. (浙0601 )A. the epistolary formB. the picaresque formC. the third-person narrationD. flashback89. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, ________ has beenregarded as “Father of the English Novel”. (047)A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. John BunyanD. James Joyce90. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel,______ has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel”. （浙0301）A. Daniel DefoeB. Henry FieldingC. Jonathan SwiftD. Samuel Richardson91．Henry Fielding has been regarded by some as “_______”,for his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. （浙0310）A．Father of the English Novel B．Father of the English PoetryC．Father of the English Drama D．Father of the English Short Story92. Henry Fielding has been regarded as “______” for his contribution to the establishment of theform of the modern ______. (浙0810)（浙0210）(浙0510）A. Father of English Poetry...poetryB. Father of English Novel...novelC. Father of Modern English Poetry...poetryD. Father of Modern English Novel...novelIII. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)45. List at least two leading neoclassicists in England. What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literary creation? (094) （一）4845. A. Alexander Pope, John Dryden, Samuel Johnson.B. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracyand that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. They seek proportion, unity, harmony and grace in literary expressions, in an effort to delight, instruct and correct human beings. Thus a polite, elegant, witty, and intellectual art developed.IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)49．Daniel Defoe’s novel Robinson Crusoe was a great success partly because the protagonist was a real middle-class hero. Discuss Crusoe, the protagonist of the novel, as an embodiment of the rising middle-class virtues in the mid-eighteenth century England. （084）1. Give a brief comment on the hero in The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe. (浙0810)1.Why has Fielding been regarded as “Father of the English novel”? (浙0307)（一）501. A. Fielding has been regarded as “Father of the English novel”, for his contributionto the establishment of the form of the modern novel.B. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory andpractice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose,” the first to give the modern n ovel its structure and style.C. Before him, the relating go a story in a novel was either in the epistolary form (a series of letters),as in Richardson’s Pamela, or the picaresque form (adventurous wanderings) through the mouth of the principal character, as in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, but Fielding adopted “the third-person narration,” in which the author becomes the “all-knowing God.”D. In planning his stories, he tries to retain the grand epical form of the classical works but at thesame time keeps faithful to his realistic presentation of common life as it is.。
(完整word版)第三章文艺复兴时期文学试题库
第三章文艺复兴时期文学试题库一、填空题1、文艺复兴时期的文学是欧洲的开端，也是继希腊文学以后欧洲文学的又一次高峰。
2、人文主义思想的主要内容是用人性反对神权，，，以及拥护中央集权，反对封建割据。
3、“三匣选亲”的故事见于莎士比亚的喜剧《》。
4、长诗《仙后》的作者是英国诗人。
5、16世纪法国人文主义文学以为首的“七星诗社”中，写出了有一定意义的现实意义的作品。
6、最能代表法国文艺复兴精神的是16世纪小说家（其代表作为《巨人传》）和散文家（其代表作为《随笔集》）。
7、16世纪后期，英国文坛上活跃着一批剧作家“ ”，为莎士比亚的出现作了准备。
其中年龄最小而成就最大的剧作家叫。
8、英国文艺复兴时期，由于诗歌创作的高超技巧而被誉为“诗人的诗人”。
9、西班牙文学中第一部流浪汉小说是无名氏创作的《》。
10、西班牙文艺复兴时期民族戏剧的代表是，他被誉为“西班牙戏剧之父”。
他一生共创作了1800多部戏剧，塞万提斯赞叹他为“ ”。
二、选择题（从下列四个选项中选择一个正确答案，将序号填入括号中）1、欧洲文学史上第一部短篇小说集是（）①《歌集》②《故事集》③《十日谈》④《变形记》2、16世纪法国人文主义文学中代表平民倾向的作家是（）。
①龙沙②杜贝莱③蒙田④拉伯雷3、意大利文艺复兴时期，诗人（）发展了“温柔的诗体”诗派风格。
①阿里奥斯托②彼特拉克③塔索④桑纳加洛4、在作品（）中，作者说他笔下的巴汝奇是“世界上最好的孩子”。
①《堂吉诃德》②《巨人传》③《乌托邦》④《十日谈》5、文艺复兴时期欧洲各国有三种文学在发展着，其中占主导地位的是（）。
①人文主义文学②民间文学③封建文学④民间文学6、不是“大学才子派”中的作家的是（）。
①马洛②本•琼生③基德④李利7、下面哪部作品不是莎士比亚四大悲剧中的一部（）①《罗密欧与朱丽叶》②《哈姆雷特》③《奥赛罗》④《麦克白》8、下列人物形象哪一个不是莎士比亚戏剧中的女性形象？（）①鲍西娅②朱丽叶③苔丝狄蒙娜④叶琳娜9、下列莎士比亚的喜剧哪一部不是他早期创作的作品？（）①《仲夏夜之梦》②《第十二夜》③《威尼斯商人》④《一报还一报》10、被誉为“英国诗歌之父”的是（）。
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总(选择大题)
I．Multiple ChoiceOld and Medieval Period1. ____ Beowulf ___, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. D. The Legend of Good Women3. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely __ B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales____________.A．William Langland’ s Piers PlowmanC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales1. ____A. B. George Gordon ByronC. Edmund SpenserD. Robert Browning1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell storiesof B. knightly __. knightly _ adventures or other heroicdeeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A .Christian C. Greek D. primitiveThe Neoclassical Period1.With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideascoming into England, the English Renaissance beganflourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD.Greek2. During the reign of ________, England started its ReligiousReformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID.Queen Elizabeth3. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recoverthe purity of the early church from the corruption andsuperstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas MoreD.William Shakespeare4. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a seriesof historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion5. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholarsmade attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of therising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruptionof the Roman Catholic Church6.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.7. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modernworld.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist8. The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry9.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism10．__ Humanism ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C． D．Reason11. About the Renaissance humanists which of the followingA. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the rulingclass without any freedom and independence.C. They couldn’t see the human values in their works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importanceof the present life.12. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres13. Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfectedthe __ blank verse ________and made it the principalmedium of English drama.A. B. free verse C. sonnet D. alliteration14. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “_mightylines _____”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD.religious lines15._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England,while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambicpentameter line.A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser16. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnetinto England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD.Marlowe17. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare18. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima19. Christoph er Marlow’s “The Passiona te Shepherd to HisLove” is a (n) .A. pastoral lyricB. elegyC. eulogyD. epic20.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England areChristopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ____________.A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben JonsonD．Edmund Spenser21. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England areall the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson22. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th -century writers who wrote under the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton23.Which of the following is NOT typical of metaphysical poetrybest represented by John Donne’s works?A. Common speech.B. Conceit.C. Argument.D. Refined language.24. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton25. Spenser’s mas terpiece is The Faierie Queene ______, whichis a great poem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB.C. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales26.Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _____.A. The Shephea red’s CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The CanterburyTales27.___ Francis Bacon _ is the first important English essayistand the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney28. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist butalso the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science29. ______, the first important English essayist, was also thefounder of modern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance.A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas More C．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare30. _____, the first important English essayist, is best knownfor his essays which greatly influenced the development of thisliterary form.A. Charles LambB. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly31．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulnessD．mildnessWilliam Shakespeare1. Shakespeare is known to have used _________ different words.His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of theold ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 20002. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination,against social inequality and the corrupting influence of goldand money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty,kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality. C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.3．Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are__ Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth______.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, Hamlet B．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice C．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet 4. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.（）A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD.King John…The Merchan t of Venice5.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except （）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream6. In Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, which of the followingis the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.7. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true? （一）12(浙0301)A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.8. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio9. In Hamlet, the hero’s trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother’s secondmarriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne10. ____ Soliloquy ____ is a natural means of writing inrevealing the prince’s inner conflict and psychologicalpredicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．C．Dramatic monologue D．Satire11.“To be, or not to be - that is the question;/Whether’ tisnobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows ofoutrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea oftroubles ,/And by opposing end then?” These lines are takenfrom _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet12．“To be, or not to be—that is the question”is a line takenfrom___________.A．Hamlet B．Othello C．King Lear D．Themerchant of venice13.“To be, or not to be —that is the question；／whether’tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows ofoutrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,／And by opposing end them?” The quoted lines are taken from______.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet14. _. Macbeth’s ____ lust for power stirs up his ambition andleads him to incessant crimes.A. Othello’sB. Hamlet’sC. Shylock’s D15. _ Othello’s ____ inner weakness is made use of by theoutside evil force.A. Hamlet’sB. Othello’sC. King Lear’sD. Macbeth’s16. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of thefollowing is true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectualexcitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.17. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.18.The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night19.It is generally believed that the most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. As You Like ItC. The Merchant of VeniceD. Twelfth Night20.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.” What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile.B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.21.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that, If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic ironyB.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism22.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost23.The Tempest is a typical example ofShakespeare’s__________view of li fe towards human life andsociety in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above24. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is atypical example of his pessimistic view towards human life andsociety in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece25. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story,is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter’s TaleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost26. Shakespeare’s ______ are mainly written under theprinciple that national unity under a mighty and just sovereignis a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies27. Which of the following is William Shakespeare’s historyplay?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear28. Which of the following statements best illustrates thetheme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.29．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s _____ sonnets _________.A．comedies B．tragedies C．sonnetsD．histories30.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long livesthis, and this gives life to thee.”Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18includes three stanzas according to the content with these lasttwo lines as a（couplet ）, which completes the sense of theabove lines.A. preludeB. coupletC. epigraphD.exposition31. In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes_____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty , wit and loyaltyD. both A and BJohn Milton1．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________. A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament2. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from____. It tellsabout___.A. the Old Testament … …Satan’s rebellion against God.B. the Bible… …the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the gardenof Eden.C. Greek Mythology … …a young prince’s revenge on hisfather’s murderer.D. both A and B3. Paradise Lost tells the story of _____.A. a young prince's revenge on his father's murdererB. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of EdenC. Satan's rebellion against GodD. both B and C4. Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost istrue?A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracywith Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justifythe ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.5. In heaven, _____ led a rebellion against God. Defeated, heand his rebel angels were cast into Hell.A. AdamB. EveC. SatanD.Samson6.John Milton’s _. Paradise Lost _____ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica7．Among the three major works by John Milton ______ is indeedthe only generally acknowledged epic in English literaturesince Beowulf.A．Paradise Regained B．Samson AgonistesC．Lycidas D．Paradise Lost8. John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the onlygenerally acknowledged epic in English literarure sinceBeowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes9.John Milton wrote ______ to expose the way of Satan and to“justify the ways of God to men”.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes10. “To wage by force or guile eternal war,Irreconcilable to our grand Foe.”（John Milton, Paradise lost)By what means were Satan and his followers to wage this waragainst God?A. By planting a tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden.B. By turning into poisonous snakes to threaten man’s life.C. By removing God from His throne.D. By corrupting man and woman created by God.11. John Milton’ s mos t powerful dramatic poem on the Greekmodel is _ Samson Agonistes _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lycidas12. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greekstyle in English is Milton’s _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica13. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example ofthe verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth14. Among the three major poetical works by John Milton ______is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greekstyle in English.A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Areopagitica15. The hero of one his main works is an Israel’s mightychampion, blind, alone and fighting against his thoughtlessenemies. This hero’s experience is in close resemblance to thepoet himself. This poet’s name is ________.A．John Milton B．John BunyanC．Edmund Spenser D．Christopher Marlowe16.Which of the following is not John Milton’s w orks?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello17. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. LlycidasII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)(1) Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May，An d summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee.1.What kind of poem is this, blank verse, sonnet, pastoralpoem,or ode? Who is the author?2. What is the central idea of this poem?41. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken.B. What does the word “this” in the last line refer to?C. What idea do the quoted lines express?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. “this” refers the poem.C. When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time.A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beautyin poetry can last for ever.41．“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:”Questions:A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.B．Name the figure of speech employed in the poem.C．What is the theme of the poem?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. PersonificationC. A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beautyin poetry can last for ever.41. “To be, or not to be —— that is the question; Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”Questions:A. Who is the writer of this work? What’s the title of the work?B. What does the phrase “to take arms against a sea oftroubles ” mea n?C. How do you understand the quotation “To be, or not to be-that is the question”?41. A. William Shakespeare; HamletB. “to take arms against a sea of troubles ” mean s to takeup arms against troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.C. Whether to live on in this world or to die is a question.It reflects Hamlet’s dilemma and has become the eternalquestion of human action.III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)45．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkableplaywrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies incommon?(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.45. A. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet,Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth.B. They some characteristics in common. Each portrays somenoble hero, who faces the injustice of human life and iscaught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closelyconnected with the fate of the whole nation.C. Each hero has his weakness of nature: Hamlet, themelancholic scholar-prince, faces the dilemma betweenaction and mind; Othello’s inner weak ness is made useof by the outside evil force; the old king Lear who isunwilling to totally give up his power makes himselfsuffer from treachery and infidelity; and Macbeth’s lustfor power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessantcrimes.45. Working through the tradition of a Christian humanism,Milton wrote Paradise Lost, intending to expose the ways ofSatan and to “justify the ways of God to men.” What isMilton’s fundamental concern in Paradise Lost?45. A. At the center of the conflict between human love andspiritual duty lies Milton’s fundamental concern withfreedom and choice;B. The freedom to submit to God’s prohibition on eating theappleC. and the choice of disobedience made for love.IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)49. Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievementsin characterization, plot construction and language.49. A. Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merelyindividual ones nor type ones; they represent certaintypes; they are individuals representing certain types.By employing a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespearesucceeds in exploring the characters’inner world.Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs.Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, heborrows them from old plays or story-books, from ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poeticforms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom.His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old works also creates striking effects on the reader.1. Please state Shakespeare's views on the Renaissance literature.A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.。
英美文学选读复习资料_1._文艺复兴时期
一、学习目的和要求通过本章学习，了解文艺复兴运动和人文主义思潮产生的历史，文化背景，认识该时期文学创作的基本特征和基本主张，及其对同时代及后世英国文学乃至文化的影响；了解该时期重要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构，人物刻画，语言风格，思想意义等；同时结合注释，读懂所选作品，了解其思想内容和写作特色，培养理解和欣赏文学作品的能力。
二、考核要求(一) 文艺复兴时期概述1. 识记：（）文艺复兴时期的界定（2）历史文化背景2. 领会: （1）文艺复兴运动的意义与影响（2）文艺复兴时期的文学特点春节快乐（3）人文主义的主张及对文学的影3响3. 应用：文艺复兴，人文主义及玄学诗等名词的解释Brief Introduction to the Renaissance PeriodI. 应用Definitions of the Literary Terms:1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from themedieval to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the periodbetween the 14th & 17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture & literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe. The Renaissance, which means "rebirth" or "revival," is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the re-discovery of ancient Roman & Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography & astrology, the religious reformation & the economic expansion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers & scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, & to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.2. Humanism: Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things. Through the new learning, humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, but the human values represented in the works. Renaissance humanists found in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see thathuman beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfections, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.3. Spenserian stanza:Spenserian stanza was invented by Edmund Spenser. It is a stanza of nine lines, with the first eight lines in iambic pentameter & the last line in iambic hexameter, rhyming ababbcbcc.4. Metaphysical poetry: The term "metaphysical poetry" is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellious spirit, the metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. The diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassic periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech. The imagery isdrawn from the actual life. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet's beloved, with God, or with himself.5. The Renaissance 对不起，我这个心直口快的人是内向的。
英美文学选读英国部分第一章文艺复兴时期
英美文学选读中文翻译及重点习题答案英国文学(AMERICAN LITERATURE)第一章文艺复兴时期(The Renaissance Period)二、背景知识(Background knowledge)1、历史文化背景(Historical and cultural background)(1)文艺复兴是从中世纪向近代过渡时期发生在欧洲许多国家的一场思想文化运动。
它是在一些历史因素的合力作用下而引发的，如对希腊罗马古典文化的重新发现，宗教改革运动，地理和自然科学领域的探索，以及资本主义经济的扩张等。
(2)人文主义是文艺复兴的主要特征。
它颂扬人性，强调以“人”为本，宣传个性解放，反对神秘主义和中古神权，反对野蛮和兽性。
(3)16世纪的宗教改革导致了新教的创立。
英格兰同罗马教皇的决裂最初源于国王亨利八世决定与其第一位妻子离婚但遭到教皇否决。
宗教教义的改革则发生在后来的爱德华六世和女王伊丽莎白一世统治期间。
(4)工商业持续发展，中产阶级逐渐壮大，非神职人员获得受教育的机会，王权巩固，宫廷成为文化生活的中心，以及海外扩张和科学探索日益拓展人们的视野，所有这些都为文学提供了新的推动力和发展方向。
威廉·卡克斯顿首次将印刷术介绍到英国，使那里的出版社迅速增加，随之而来的是印刷书籍的繁荣。
2、英国文艺复兴时期文学的特点(Features of English Renaissance literature)(1) 诗歌(Poetry)开创文艺复兴时期一代新的华丽诗风的两个最重要的人物是菲利普·悉尼爵士和埃德蒙·斯宾塞。
在他们的抒情和叙事作品中，展现出一种词藻华丽、精雕细琢的文风。
到16世纪末，出现了两类新的诗歌风格。
第一类以约翰·邓恩和其他玄学派诗人为代表；第二类风格的典范是本·琼森和他所代表的流派。
英国文艺复兴时期的最后一位大诗人是清教作家约翰·密尔顿，他的诗歌具有惊人的震撼力和优雅的韵致，同时传达出深邃的思想。
自考英语本科英美文学选读英国文艺复兴时期一天全掌握
English LiteratureThe Renaissance Period1. age: 1500-16602. background: stimulated by the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek classic; England's Golden Age, especially in literature; the Church of England broke away from the Catholic Church3. features:(1)New poetical forms introduced, e.g. blank verse and sonnet;(2) the English drama based itself on the models of Roman and Greek classics and the precedents from Italy and Spain(3)the universal tend of humanism in emphasizing man's dignity and his worldly happinessEdmund Spenser埃德蒙.斯賓賽1. The poet's poet;2. Perfect melody; a rare sense of beauty; a splendid imagination; a lofty moral purity and seriousness; a dedicated idealismThe Faerie Queen仙后(The Shepheades Calender牧人日记;Epithalamion新婚喜歌)An allegory; "a historical poem" to present the example of a perfect gentleman; a hero represent one of the 12 virtues; fierce warres and faithful lovesChristopher Marlowe克里斯扥夫.馬洛（Blank verseUniversity wit）1. perfected blank verse and turned it into the principal medium of English drama2. created a series of images of the Renaissance hero for English dramaDr Fauctus浮士德博士The Passionate Shepherd to His Love多情的牧羊人致情人1. symbolic of a humanist in the Renaissance; based on the German legend of a magician aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting his tragic end as a result of selling his soul to the DevilWilliam Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亞The greatest playwright and the most popular sonnet writer; a creation of characters; skillful plot construction; irony; a good use of a language; skilled in various poetic forms; of three quatrains and a couplet(三节四行诗加一节偶句); national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity—“The King’s government must be carried on” (在一个强大英明的君主统治下的国家，统一是非常必要的)(Each hero has his weekness of nature: Hamlet, the melancholic scholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind; Othello’s inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force; the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power makes himself suffer from treachery and infidelity; and Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.)literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and realitySonnets十四行詩The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人Hamlet哈姆雷特(Venus and Adonis维纳斯和安东尼斯; The Rape of Lucrece鲁克丽斯受辱记;romantic tragicomedies浪漫悲喜剧;Romeo and Juliet;Shakespeare's greatest tragedies are : Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth1. 154 poems; English form2. The traditional theme of the play is to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew. Many people today tend to regard the play as a satire of the Christians' hypocrisy and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews (Shylock).3. A man of contemplation rather than action; has the qualities of a “blood-and-thunder” thriller and a philosophical exploration of life and deathFrancis Bacon弗蘭西斯.培根a well known philosopher scientist and essayist; lays the foundation of modern science; his "Essays" is an important landmark in the development of English prosebrevity\compactness\powerfulnessOf Studies论学习It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and how studies exert influence over human characterJohn Donne約翰.鄧恩John Milton約翰.彌爾頓the leading figure(代表人物) of the "metaphysical school(玄学派); his poems can be divided into two groups: the secular and the religious; sermons; The songs and Sonnetsa seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes and a free range of feelings and moods; dynamic rather than staticA versatile writer; fight for freedom in all aspects as a Christian humanistThe Sun Rising太阳升起Death, Be Not Proud死神，莫骄横（Holy Sonnets）Paradise Lost失樂園1. dramatizing and illustrating the state of being in love2. a bold challenge to the proud DeathSatan, after being defeated in his rebel against God, tempts Adam and Eve to eat the apples from the Forbidden Tree, and causes the Fall of Man时间界定English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge's Lyrical Ballads and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott's death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament.浪漫主义时期英国“湖畔派”英国文学中最早出现的浪漫主义作家，是华兹华斯（1770－1850）、柯勒律治（1772－1834）和骚塞（1774－1843）。
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总情况(选择大题)
I．Multiple ChoiceOld and Medieval Period1. ____Beowulf ___, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. D. The Legend of Good Women3. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely __ B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales____________. A．William Langland’ s Piers PlowmanC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight2.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales1. ____A. B. George Gordon ByronC. Edmund SpenserD. Robert Browning1.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of B.knightly __. knightly _ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A .Christian C. Greek D. primitiveThe Neoclassical Period1.With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideas coming into England, the English Renaissance began flourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. Greek2. During the reign of ________, England started its Religious Reformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID. Queen Elizabeth3. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption and superstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas MoreD. William Shakespeare4. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion5. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church6.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.7. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modern world.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist8. The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry9.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism10．__Humanism ____ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C．D．Reason11. About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statements isA. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling classwithout any freedom and independence.C. They couldn’t see the human values in their works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importance of thepresent life.12. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres13. Marlowe’s greatest achievem ent lies in that he perfected the __ blankverse ________and made it the principal medium of English drama.A.B. free verse C. sonnet D. alliteration14. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “_mighty lines_____”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD. religious lines15._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England, while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser16. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD. Marlowe17. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare18. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima19. Christoph er Marlow’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” is a (n) .A. pastoral lyricB. elegyC. eulogyD. epic20.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ____________. A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser21. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson22. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th - century writers who wrote under the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton23.Which of the following is NOT typical of metaphysical poetry best represented by John Donne’s works?A. Common speech.B. Conceit.C. Argument.D. Refined language.24. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton25. Spens er’s masterpiece is The Faierie Queene ______, which is a greatpoem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB.C. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales26.Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _____.A. The Shepheared’s CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The Canterbury Tales27.___Francis Bacon _ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney28. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist but also the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science29. ______, the first important English essayist, was also the founder of modern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance.A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas More C．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare 30. _____, the first important English essayist, is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of this literary form. A. Charles Lamb B. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly31．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulness D．mildnessWilliam Shakespeare1. Shakespeare is known to have used _________ different words. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 20002. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.3．Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are __Hamlet, Othello, KingLear, Macbeth______.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, HamletB．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of VeniceC．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet4. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.（）A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD.King John…The Merchant of Venice5.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer N ight’s Dream6. In Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, which of the following is the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the wholenation.7. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true? （一）12(浙0301)A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.8. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio9. In Hamlet, the hero’s trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother’s second marriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne10. ____Soliloquy ____ is a natural means of writing in revealing the prince’s inner confli ct and psychological predicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．C．Dramatic monologue D．Satire11.“To be, or not to be - that is the question;/Whether’ tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea of troubles ,/And by opposing end then?” These lines are taken from _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD. Hamlet 12．“To be, or not to be—that is the question”is a line taken from___________.A．Hamlet B．Othello C．King Lear D．The merchant of venice13.“To be, or not to be — that is the question；／whether’ tis nobler in the mind to suffer，／the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,／Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, ／And by opposing end them?” The quoted lines are taken from ______.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD.Hamlet14. _. Macbeth’s ____ lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.A. Othe llo’sB. Hamlet’sC. Shylock’s D15. _ Othello’s ____ inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force.A. Hamlet’sB. Othello’sC. King Lear’sD. Macbeth’s16. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the fo llowing istrue?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.17. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.18.The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of V eniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night19.It is generally believed that the most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. As You Like ItC. The Merchant of V eniceD. Twelfth Night20.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.” What kindof figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile.B. Metonymy.C. Pun.D. Synecdoche.21.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice.The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____. A.dramatic irony B.personificationC.allegoryD.symbolism22.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost23.The Tempest is a typical example of Shakespeare’s__________view of life towards human life and society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above24.As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece25. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story, is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter’s TaleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost26. Shakespeare’s ______ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies27. Which of the following is William Shakespeare’s history play?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear28. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.29．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s _____sonnets _________. A．comedies B．tragedies C．sonnetsD．histories30.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 includes three stanzas according to the content with these last two lines as a（couplet）, which completes the sense of the above lines.A. preludeB. coupletC. epigraphD. exposition31. In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty , wit and loyaltyD. both A and BJohn Milton1．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament2. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from____. It tells about___.A. the Old T estament … …Satan’s rebellion against God.B. the Bible… …the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of Eden.C. Greek Mythology … …a young prince’s revenge on his father’s murderer.D. both A and B3. Paradise Lost tells the story of _____.A. a young prince's revenge on his father's murdererB. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of EdenC. Satan's rebellion against GodD. both B and C4. Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost is true?A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracy with Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justify the ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.5. In heaven, _____ led a rebellion against God. Defeated, he and hisrebel angels were cast into Hell.A. AdamB. EveC. SatanD. Samson6.John Milton’s _. Paradise Lost _____ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica7．Among the three major works by John Milton ______ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf. A．Paradise Regained B．Samson AgonistesC．Lycidas D．Paradise Lost8.John Milton's greatest poetical work ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literarure since Beowulf.A. AreopagiticaB. Paradise LostC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes9.John Milton wrote ______ to expose the way of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men”.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes10. “To wage by force or guile eternal war,Irreconci lable to our grand Foe.”（John Milton, Paradise lost)By what means were Satan and his followers to wage this war againstGod?A. By planting a tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden.B. By turning into poisonous snakes to threaten man’s life.C. By removing God from His throne.D. By corrupting man and woman created by God.11. John Milton’ s most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model is _ Samson Agonistes _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lycidas12. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton’s _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica13. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth14. Among the three major poetical works by John Milton ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. Areopagitica15. The hero of one his main works is an Israel’s mighty champion, blind,alone and fighting against his thoughtless enemies. This hero’s experience is in close resemblance to the poet himself. This poet’s name is ________.A．John Milton B．John BunyanC．Edmund Spenser D．Christopher Marlowe16.Which of the following is not John Milton’s works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello17. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. LlycidasII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)(1)Shall I compare thee to a summ er’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May，And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing cour se untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee.1.What kind of poem is this, blank verse, sonnet, pastoral poem,or ode? Who is the author?2. What is the central idea of this poem?41. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken.B. What does the word “this” in the last line refer to?C. What idea do the quoted lines express?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. “this” refers the poem.C. When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A nicesummer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever.41．“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:”Questions:A．Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken. B．Name the figure of speech employed in the poem.C．What is the theme of the poem?41. A. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. PersonificationC. A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetrycan last for ever.41. “To be, or not to be —— that is the question;Wh ether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”Questions:A. Who is the writer of this work? What’s the title of the work?B. What does the phra se “to take arms against a sea of troubles ” mean?C. How do you understand the quotation “To be, or not to be -that is the question”?41. A. William Shakespeare; HamletB. “to take arms against a sea of troubles ” mean s to take up armsagainst troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.C. Whether to live on in this world or to die is a question. It reflectsHamlet’s dilemma and has become the eternal question of human action.III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)45．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.45. A. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, KingLear, and Macbeth.B. They some characteristics in common. Each portrays some noblehero, who faces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fateof the whole nation.C. Each hero has his weakness of nature: Hamlet, the melancholicscholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind;Othello’s inner weak ness is made use of by the outside evil force;the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power makes himself suffer from treachery and infidelity; and Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.45. Working through the tradition of a Christian humanism, Milton wrote Paradise Lost, intending to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men.” What is Milton’s fundamental concern in Paradise Lost?45. A. At the center of the conflict between human love and spiritual dutylies Milton’s fundamental concern with freedom and choice;B. The freedom to submit to God’s prohibition on eating the appleC. and the choice of disobedience made for love.IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)49. Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.49. A. Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual onesnor type ones; they represent certain types; they are individualsrepresenting certain types. By employing a psycho-analyticalapproach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’ innerworld. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrastsare frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows themfrom old plays or story-books, from ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such asthe sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old works also creates striking effects on the reader.1. Please state Shakespeare's views on the Renaissance literature.A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through hisworks.。
英美文学选读-英国-文艺复兴时期-练习题汇总
英美文学选读选择题1. _______, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. BeowulfD. The Legend of Good Women2. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________.A．William Langlan d’ s Piers Plowman B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 3. With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideas coming into England, the English Renaissance began flourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. Greek4. During the reign of_______, England started its Religious Reformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID. Queen Elizabeth5. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption and superstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas More UtopiaD. William Shakespeare6．The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion7. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church8. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.9. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modern world.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist10. The English Renaissance period was an age of ________A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry11. The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism12．______ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C．Humanism D．Reason13. About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statements is true?A. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling class without anyfreedom and independence.C. They could n’t see the human values in their works.D. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life.14. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_______A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres15.Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the __________and madeit theprincipal medium of English drama.A. blank verseB. free verseC. sonnetD. alliteration16. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “______”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD. religious lines17._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England, while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambic pentameter line. （一）8A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser18. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD. Marlowe19. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare20. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima21．The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare and ______________.A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser22. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonso23. “Metaphysical Poetry” refers to the works of the 17th - century writers who wrote under the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton24. Which of the following is NOT typical of metaphysical poetry best represented by John Donne’s works?A. Common speech.B. Conceit. 奇思妙想C. Argument. 修辞D. Refined language.用词严谨25. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton26. Spenser’s masterpiece is ______, which is a great poem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB. The Faierie QueeneC. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales27. Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece is _____.A. The Shepheared’s CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The Canterbury Tales28.____ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney29. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist but also the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science30. ______, the first important English essayist, was also the founder of modern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance. A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas MoreC．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare31. _____,the first important English essayist, is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.A. Charles LambB. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly32．Francis Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and ______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulness D．mildness33. Shakespeare is known to have used _ different words. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 200034. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.35．Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are ________.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, HamletB．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of VeniceC．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet36. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD. King John…The Merchant of Venice37.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream38. In Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, which of the following is the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.39. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true?A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.40. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio41. In Hamlet, the hero’s trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother’s second marriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne42. ________ is a natural means of writing in revealing the prince’s inner conflict and psychological predicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．SoliloquyC．Dramatic monologue D．Satire43. “To be, or not to be - that is the question;/Whether’ tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea of troubles ,/And by opposing end then?” These lines are taken from _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD. Hamlet44. _____ lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.A. Othello’sB. Hamlet’sC. Shylock’sD. Macbeth’s45. _____ inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force.A. Hamlet’sB. Othello’sC. King Lear’sD. Macbeth’s46. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.47. About Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.48. The most important play among Shakespeare’s comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night’s DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night49.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, har sh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.” What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）A. Simile. 直喻、明喻B. Metonymy.隐喻C. Pun.双关语D. Synecdoche.50.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic irony戏剧反讽B.personification拟人C.allegory 寓言D.symbolism象征52.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost53. The Tempest is a typical example of Shakespeare’s__________view of li fe towards human life and society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above54. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece55. Shakespeare’ s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story, is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter’s TaleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love’ s Labour’ s Lost56. Shakespeare’s ______ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies57. Which of the followi ng is William Shakespeare’s history play?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear58. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.59．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the beginning l ine of oneofShakespeare’s______________.A．comedies B．tragedies C．sonnets D．histories60.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 includes three stanzas according to the content with these last two lines as a（）, which completes the sense of the above lines.A. prelude序B. couplet双韵C. epigraph题词D. exposition说明61. In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty , wit and loyaltyD. both A and BJohn Milton62．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.A．the Renaissance B．the Old TestamentC．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament63. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from____. It tells about___. (浙0810)A. the Old Testament … …Satan’s rebellion against God.B. the Bible… …the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of Eden.C. Greek Mythology … …a young prince’s revenge on his father’s murderer.D. both A and B64. Paradise Lost tells the story of _____.A. a young prince's revenge on his father's murdererB. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of EdenC. Satan's rebellion against GodD. both B and C65 Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost is true?A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracy with Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justify the ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.66. In heaven, _____ led a rebellion against God. Defeated, he and his rebel angels were cast into Hell.A. AdamB. EveC. SatanD. Samson67. John Milton’s ______ is the only generally ac knowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica68.John Milton wrote ______ to expose the way of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men”.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes69. “To wage by force or guile eternal war,Irreconcilable to our grand Foe.”（John Milton, Paradise lost)By what means were Satan and his followers to wage this war against God?A. By planting a tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden.B. By turning into poisonous snakes to threaten man’s life.C. By removing God from His throne.D. By corrupting man and woman created by God.70. John Milton’ s most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model is ______.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lycidas71. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton’s _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica72. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth73. The hero of one his main works is an Israel’s mighty champion, blind, alone and fighting against his thoughtless enemies. This hero’s experience is in close resemblance to the poet himself. This poet’s name is ________.A．John Milton B．John BunyanC．Edmund Spenser D．Christopher Marlowe74. Which of the following is not John Milton’s works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello75. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. LlycidasII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)77 Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May，And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By c hance, or nature’s changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st,Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee.1. What kind of poem is this, blank verse, sonnet, pastoral poem, or ode? Who is the author?SONNET, William Shakespeare2. What is the central idea of this poem?A nice summer’s day is usua lly transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.78. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken.William Shakespeare; SONNET 18B. What does the word “this” in the last line refer to? “this” refers the poemC. What idea do the quoted lines express?When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A nice summer’s day is usuallytransient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.79．“Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:”Questions:A.Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. Name the figure of speech employed in the poem. ----PersonificationC．What is the theme of the poem?A nice summer’s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.80. “To be, or not to be —— that is the question;Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”Questions:A. Who is the writer of this work? What’s the title of the work?William Shakespeare, HAMLETB. What does the phrase “to take arms against a sea of troubles” mean?To take up arms against troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.C. How do you understand the quotation “To be, or not to be -that is the question”? Whether to live on in this world or to die is a question. It reflects Hamlet’s dilemma and has become the eternal questioning of human action.81. “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew,Thou mak’st thy knife keen; but no metal can,N o, not the hangman’s axe, bear half the keennessOf thy sharp envy.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the play from which this part is taken.William Shakespeare; The Merchant of VeniceB. What figure of speech is used in this quoted passage? PUN 双关C. What idea does the passage express?The Jew makes his knife keen on his soul and even an axe is not as keen as his envy.ThisIndicates that the Jew (Shylock) is a cruel man.III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)82．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero’s weakness of nature.82 A. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, andMacbeth.B. They some characteristics in common. Each portrays some noble hero, whofaces the injustice of human life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fate is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.C. Each hero has his weakness of nature:Hamlet, the melancholic scholar-prince, faces the dilemma between action and mind;Othello’s inner weak ness is made use of by the outside evil force;the old king Lear who is unwilling to totally give up his power makes himself suffer fromtreachery and infidelity;Macbeth’s lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.83. Working through the tradition of a Christian humanism, Milton wrote Paradise Lost, intending to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men.” What is Milton’s fundamental concern in Paradise Lost?83. A. At the center of the conflict between human love and spiritual duty liesMilton’s fundamental concern with freedom and choice;B. The freedom to submit to God’s prohibition on eating the appleC. and the choice of disobedience made for love.84. The following passage is taken from The Merchant of Venice.Read it carefully and find the dramatic irony it contains. Use it as an example to illustrate what dramatic irony is. (034)“Bassanio: Antonio, I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, my wife, and all world,Are not with me esteem’d above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them allHere to this devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”Answer:84. A. When the audience is aware of a discrepancy between a character's perceptionof his or her own situation and the true nature of that situation, that is dramatic irony.B. In the given example, Portia, Bassanio's newly-married wife, disguised herselfas the lawyer to take charge of the case. Portia herself and the audience know all this, but Bassanio is ignorant of it. So when Bassanio offers in front of his disguised wife to sacrifice her in order to deliver Antonio, he makes himself behave in a ridiculous way in the eyes of the audience. Thus an effect of dramatic irony is achieved.IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)85. Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plot construction and language.85. A. Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor typeones; they represent certain types; they are individuals representing certain types. By employing a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters’ inner world. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters.B. Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows them from oldplays or story-books, from ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with suspense and apprehension.C. Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such as the sonnet,the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old works also creates striking effects on the reader.1. Please state Shakespeare's views on the Renaissance literature.。
英美文学英国部分练习题
英美文学英国部分练习题EnglandReviewChapter 11、In Anglo-Saxon period, Beowulf represented the_______ poetry.A. paganB. religiousC. romanticD.sentimental2、The Anglo-Saxons were Christianized in the _______ century.A. 6thB. 7thC. 8thD. 10th3、Beowulf describes the exploits of a ______ hero, Beowulf, in fighting against themonster Grendel, his revengeful mother, and a fire-breathing dragon.A. DanishB. ScandinavianC. EnglishD. Norwegian4、English literature began with the ______ settlement in England.A. Anglo-SaxonB. RomanC. NormanD. Britain5、The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the _______.A. novelB. dramaC. romanceD. essay6、The theme of ______ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.A. loyaltyB. revoltC. obedienceD. mockery7、_______ was the first to be buried in the Poet?s Corner of Westminster Abbey.A. ChaucerB. ShakespeareC. MarloweD. SpenserAnswers: ABBAC AAChapter 21、_______was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.A. Thomas WyattB. William ShakespeareC. Philip SidneyD. Thomas Campion2、The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama. It was______ who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.A. Christopher MarloweB. Thomas LogeC. Edmund SpenserD. Thomas More3、In the conclusion of the prose_______ the author points out that the root of poverty is the private ownership of social wealth.A. Advancement of LearningB. UtopiaC. TamburlaineD. Henry IV4、English Renaissance Period was an age of_______.A. prose and novelB. poetry and dramaC. essays and journalsD. ballads and songs5、＂Liberty, Fraternity and Equality＂were first uttered in the book_______.A. The Shepherd?s CalendarB. UtopiaC. The Rights of ManD. The Declaration of Independence6、＂Denmark is a prison＂. In which play does the hero summarize his observation of his world into such a bitter sentence? _______A. Charles IB. OthelloC. Henry VIIID. Hamlet7、In which play does the hero show his profound reverencefor man through the sentence：＂What a piece of work is a man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculty!＂_______A. Romeo and JulietB. HamletC. OthelloD. The Merchant of VeniceAnswers: AABBB DBHow much do you know about America?1、American Revolutionary War, also called American War of Independence, lasted from 1775 to 17832、The United States of America (also referred to as the America) is comprising fifty states and a federal district3、The official motto of America is In God We Trust4、The capital of America is Washington, D.C. or New York City?5、What does the name Washington, D.C. signify?Chapter 31、Which was not written by John Milton?________A. Paradise LostB. LycidasC. L?AllegroD. Song to Celia2、John Milton wrote his best-know prose work, _______, in the form of a speech addressed to the Houses of Parliament, in which he appealed for the freedom of the press.A. AreopagiticaB. LycidasC. L?AllegroD. Of Reformation in England3、In which famous pamphlet did Milton thus write: ”Ourking made not us, but we him. Nature has given fathers to us all, but we ourselves appointed out own king; so that the people are not for the king, but the king for them”?_____A. Second Defence of the English People 《未为英国人民再辩》B. The Ready and Easy Way to Establish a Free CommonwealthC. Of Reformation in EnglishD. Defence of the English People 《为英国人民申辩》4、The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of hell, and ______is often regarded as the real hero of the poem.A. GodB. SatanC. AdamD. Raphael5、Another school of poetry prevailing in 17th century was that of ____,i.e. those verse-writers, often knights and squires, who sided with the King against the Parliament and Puritans.A. Metaphysical PoetsB. Cavalier PoetsC. John MiltonD. John Dryden6、Explain the” Puritanism” during the English Revolution.Answers: DADB__Chapter 41、____was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Westem Europe in the 18th century.A. The RenaissanceB. The EnlightenmentC.The Religious ReformationD. The Chartist Movement2、Most of the English writers in the 18th century were enlighteners. They fell into two groups, one is______, and the other is______.A. the moderate group; the radical groupB. the passive Romantic poets; the active Romantic poetsC. the Metaphysical poets; the Cavalier poetsD. the lakers; the sentimentalists3、_______was the most important English poet in the first half of the 18th century.A. Richard SteeleB. Joseph AddisonC. Alexander PopeD. Samuel Richardson4、”Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style.” This sentence is said by___, one of the greatest masters of English prose.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift5、As a journalist, _____had learned how to make his reporting vivid and credible bya skillful use of circumstantial detail. This power to make his characters alive and his stories credible is an inimitable gift.A. Joseph AddisonB. Daniel DefoeC. Samuel RichardsonD. Tobias Smollett6、_____was the real founder of the realistic novel in England. His novels unfold a panorama of life in all sections of Englishsociety.A. Alexander PopeB. Henry FieldingC. Daniel DefoeD. Jonathan Swift7、Henry Fielding?s first novel ______was written in connection with Pamela of Samuel Richardson.A. Tom JonesB. Joseph AndrewsC. Jonathan WildD. Amelia8、_____,written in heroic couplet by Alexander Pope, was a manifesto of English neo-classicism as he put forward his aesthetic theories in it.A. An Essay of Dramatic PeosyB. An essay on CriticismC. The Advance of LearningD. An Essay on Man9、____was Alexander Pope?s poem which satirized the idle and artificial life of the aristocracy.A. The Rape of the LockB. The Rape of LucreceC. The School for ScandalD. Every Man in His Humor10、_______compiled The dictionary of the English Language which became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries.A. Ben JohnsonB. Samuel JohnsonC. Alexander PopeD. John Dryden11、Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?A. She Stops to ConquerB. The RivalsC. The School for ScandalD. The Conscious Lovers Answers: BB__DBBB__BCChapter 51、The Romantic Age began with the publication of The Lyrical Ballads which waswritten byA. William WordsworthB. Samuel JohnsonC. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Wordsworth and Coleridge2、The English Romantic Age produced two major novelists. They areA. George Gordon Byron and Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. William Wordsworth and Samuel T aylor ColeridgeC. Walter Scott and Jane AustenD. Charles Lamb and William Hazlitt3、As contrasted with the classicists who made reason, order and the old, classicaltraditions the criteria in their poetical creations, based his own poetical principle on the premise that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling.”A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. George Gordon ByronC. Percy Bysshe ShelleyD. William Wordsworth4、Was made poet laureate in 1813 but most of his works, according ormodem critics, are “the product of literary industry, not of literary creation”A. William WordsworthB. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC. Robert SoutheyD. George Gordon Byron5、Which of the following statements is not true about Don Juan?A. Don Juan was written in Italy during the years 181-1823.B. The story describes Don Juan?s,an English youth of noble birth, life and adventures in many countries.C. In a Greek island, Don Juan met his sweetheart, Haidee, and feel in love with her.D. The last cantos are taken up with a satirical description of the English ruling classes, whose reactionary policy has aroused the hatred from the other nations.E. In Don Juan Byron displayed his genius as a romanticist and a realist simultaneously.6、Which of the following statement is not true about George Gordon Byron?A. Byron?s early ears had been far from happy for he was born with a clubfoot, in the frequent family scenes his mother called him” you lame brat” .B. Byron died in Italy and was deeply mourned by the Italian people and by all progressive people throughout the world.C. The reactionary criticism of the 19th century trued to belittle Byron?s genius and his role in the development of English literature, but Byron remains one of the most popular Englishpoets both at home and abroad.D. Since the May 4 Movement in 1919, more and more of Byron?s poems have been translated into Chinese and well received by the poets and young readers. Byron has now become one of the best-known English poets in our country.7、The first poem in The Lyrical Ballads is Coleridge?s masterpiece .A. Kubla KhanB. The PreludeC. The Rime of Ancient MarinerD. Tintern Abbey8、In1805, Wordsworth completed a long autobiographical poem entitledA. William WordsworthB. The PreludeC. Lucy PoemsD. The Lyrical Ballads9、For his pamphlet .Percy Bysshe Shelley was expelled from Oxford anddisowned by his father.A. Address to the Irish PeopleB. Vindication of the Rights of WomenC. Masque of AnarchyD. The Necessity of Atheism10、Which of the following poem is written by Percy Bysshe Shelley on thedeath of John Keats?A. Peter Bell the ThirdB. HellasC. AdonaisD. The Cenci11、is regarded as the most wonderful lyricist England has everproduced mainly for his poems on nature ,on love, and on politice.A. William WordsworthB. John KeatsC. George Gordon ByronD. Percy Bysshe Shelley12、Which of the following statement is not true about Percy Bysshe Shelley?A. Prometheus Unbound is Percy Bysshe Shelley?s masterpiece, a long epic poem.B. At Eton Percy Bysshe Shelley was known as “Mad Shelley”, for his obstinate opposition to the brutal fagging system, according to which the younger school-boys were obliged to obey the old boys and bear a great deal of cruel treatment.C. George Gordon Byron called Percy Bysshe Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew”.D. Percy Bysshe Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and expoiters.13、The unfinished long epic has been regarded as John Keats?s greatestachievement in poetry.A. EndymionB. IsabellaC. HyperionD. When I Have Fear14、…s pursuit of beauty in all things bespoke an aspirationafter a betterlife than the sordid reality under capitalism . His leading principle is. ”Beauty is truth , truth beauty”.A. Percy Bysshe ShelleyB. George Gordon ByronC. William WordsworthD. John Keats15、Which is Percy Bysshe Shelley?s masterpiece?A. Queen MabB. Prometheus UnboundC. Prometheus BoundD. The Revolt of Islam16、Walter Scott?s first novel appeared anonymously in 1841 withimmediate success.A. Great UnknownB. Rob RoyC. Guy ManneringD. Waverley Answers: DCDCB BCBDC DACDB DChapter6、71. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend called _______ appeared. And it flourished in the forties and in the early fifties.a. romanticismb. naturalismc. realismd. critical realism2. _____ described the life of the laboring people and criticized the privileged classes, but the power of exposure became much weaker in her work. The significance of her worklies rather in the portrayal of the pettiness and stagnancy of English provincial life.a. Emily Charlotteb. Emily Brontec. Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskelld. George Eliot3. _____ wrote a number of little sketches of “cockney characters”. He sighed them “Boz”, which was his nickname for his young brother. His first book, Sketches by Boz appeared in 1836.a. Elizabeth Gaskellb. William M. Thackerayc. Charles Dickensd. Jane Austen4. _______ has been called “the supreme epic of English life”.a. A Tale of Two Citiesb. David Copperfieldc. Pickwick Papersd. Oliver Twist5. _____, written in 1843-1844, is one of Charles Dickens?s masterpieces of social satire, famous for its criticism of both the British and American bourgeoisie.a. Pickwick Papersb. The Old Curiosity Shopc. Great Expectationsd. Hard Times6. The pride of wealth, or “purse-pride”, is the theme of the novel ________.a. Dombey and Sonb. A Tale of Two Citiesc. Little Dorritd. Bleak House7. “Of all my books,” wrote Dickens, “I like this the best.” Which work does it refer to? ______.a. A Tale of Two Citiesb. David Copperfieldc. Pickwick Papersd. Oliver Twist8. The theme underlying ______ i s the idea “Where there is oppression, there is revolution”.a. a. A Tale of Two Citiesb. David Copperfieldc. Pickwick Papersd. Oliver Twist9. The _____ Movement appeared in the thirties of the 19th century. It showed the English workers were able to appear as an independent political force and were already realizing the fact that the industrial bourgeoisie was their principal enemy.A Enlightenment b. Renaissance c. Chartist d. Romanticist10. Which novel makes a fierce attack on the bourgeois system of education and bourgeois utilitarianism? ________.a. Oliver Twistb. Hard Timesc. Great Expectationsd. A Tale of Two Cities11. Which novel is a great satire upon the society and those people who dream to enter the higher society regardless of the social reality? ___C___.a. A Tale of Two Citiesb. David Copperfieldc. Great Expectationsd. Dombey and Son12. In the novel __C__, Charles Dickens describes the Chartism Movement.a. Great Expectationsb. A Tale of Two Citiesc. Hard Timesd. Oliver Twist13. _B__ is often regarded as the semi-autobiography of the author Dickens in which the early life of the hero is largely based on the author?s early life.a. Tom Jonesb. David Copperfieldc. Oliver Twistd. Great Expectations14. In 1864, Dickens published his last complete novel __C .a. The Old Curiosity Shopb. Pickwick Papersc. Our Mutual Friendd. Little Dorrit15. The sub-title of Vanity Fair is _C .a. A Pure Woman Faithfully Portrayedb. The Spirit and the Fleshc. A Novel Without a Herod. Sense and SensibilityCCBCC16. George Eliot was the pseudonym of _____.a. Mark Twinb. Mary Ann Evansc. Ellis Belld. Samuel Langhorne Clemens17. ____ written by George Eliot is largely autobiographical in its early chapters.a. Adam Bedeb. The Mill of the Flossc. Felix Holt and Radicald. Mary Barton18. As a poet, ______ provides an example of “a sick individual in a sick society”. Many of his poetic works express a tone of regret, disillusion and melancholy.a. John Ruskinb. Thomas Carlylec. Matthew Arnoldd. Thomas Babington Macaulay19. ______ has been praised as a “gallant, courageous and high-hearted figure,” well-known for buoyant optimism.a. Robert Louis Stevensonb. Laurence Sternec. Robert Browningd. Percy Bysshe Shelley20. The theory of “art for art?s sake” was first put forward by the poet ____.a. Oscar Wildeb. Walter Paterc. Robert Louis Stevensond. Theophile Gautier21. Which lament was written by Alfred Tennyson for the death of his friend Hallam? ____.a. In Memoriamb. Lycidasc.Adodaisd. Elegy written in a Country Churchyard22. My last Duchess is ______.a. a dramatic monologueb. a short lyricc. a noveld. an essay23. _____ tells the tale of a young Englishman who serves as mate on the steam ship “Patna”.a. Lord Jimb. Nostromoc. Youthd. The Old Wives? Tale24. ____ was born in New York and educated in America. He never married, never took part in public affairs, and lived a life of an observer of his limited world of Americans in Europe.a. John Galsworthyb. Henry Jamesc. Thomas Stearns Eliotd. James Joyce25. Who is regarded as a forerunner of the “stream of consciousness” literature in the 20th century? ___a. John Galsworthyb. Henry Jamesc. Thomas Stearns Eliotd. James Joyce26. ______?s admirers have praised him as “second only to Shakespeare in his mastery of English language.”a. David Herbert Lawrenceb. Thomas Stearns Eliotc. James Joyced. William Butler Yeats27. _____ was the biographer, critic and editor of the Dictionary of National Biography.a. Virginia Woolfb. Thomas Stearns Eliotc. James Joyced. William Butler Yeats28. ____ is the climax of Virginia Woolf?s experiments in novel form.a. The Windowb. Time Passesc. The Lighthoused. The Waves29. David Herbert Lawrence?s representative work ____ was positively taken as a typical example and lively manifestation of the Oedipus Complex in fiction, as the result of Lawrence?s long-range study of the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud.a. Sons and Loversb. The Waste Landc. Lady Chatterley?s Loverd. Women in L ove30. Which of the following plays deals with the story that a linguist trains a flower girl to speak the so-called high-civilized English? _____a. Major Barbarab. Pygmalionc. Mrs. Warren?s Professiond. Man and Superman31. Saint Joan was written by George Bernard Shaw. It is a_____.a. historical playb. novelc. poemd. ballad32. In 1923, ____ was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature.a. William Butler Yeatsb. Samuel Butlerc. Thomas Stearns Eliotd. David Herbert Lawrence33. Thomas Stearns Eliot defined his belief as ____.a. classicist in literatureb. royalist in politicsc. Anglo-Catholic in religiond. all of the above34. In which poem are the sterility and chaos of the contemporary world after WWI expressed? ____.a. Ode to the West Windb. The Solitary Reaperc. Lamiad. The Waste Land35. Which poem concerns Thomas Stearns Eliot?s faith and emotional satisfaction in the church? ____.a. Murder in the Cathedralb. The Solitary Reaperc. Ash Wednesdayd. The Waste LandAnswer:。
文艺复兴习题大全
绝密★启用前 2017-2018学年度???学校10月月考卷 试卷副标题 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I 卷（选择题） 请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、选择题 1．文艺复兴……虽然许多新成就的基础是古典文化，但是它们很快地超越了希腊、罗马影响的范畴。
……文艺复兴包括一些当时占统治地位的理想和看法，使文艺复兴印上了一个独特社会的标记。
这里面“独特社会”的含义是 A. 工商业发展及资本主义萌芽 B. 罗马天主教会势力日渐衰落 C. 资产阶级革命与改革运动纷纷兴起 D. 人们热衷于追求理性、民主、自由 2．《十日谈》中有一则故事：“一个从小与世隔绝的青年，跟父亲下山进城，路遇一群漂亮姑娘。
青年问父亲这是什么东西，虔诚信教的父亲答道：‘她们全都是祸水，叫绿鹅。
’他嘱咐儿子别去看她们。
儿子却说‘爸爸，让我带一只绿鹅回家吧。
’”薄伽丘用这则故事想要说明 A. 人的自然天性无法阻挡 B. 人生的目的就是追求幸福 C. 将女人比作祸水很愚蠢 D. 青年人从来不盲从盲信 3．“当我说文艺复兴是一个表现的时代时，我的意思是说：人们不再满足于坐在那里当观众，而由皇帝和教皇告诉他们如何做、如何想。
他们在生活舞台上充当演员，他们坚持要对自己个人的思想进行表达”。
对这段材料理解最恰当的是该材料 A. 肯定人的价值和尊严 B. 向天主教会的权威提出了挑战 C. 冲击了中世纪的王权 D. 倡导人们追求自由民主和平等 4．文艺复兴时期的许多人文主义者都是虔诚的基督徒，他们积极鼓吹基督教的宗教精神和伦理道德，甚至皓首穷经，呕心沥血地注释基督教经典。
这反映了人文主义者（ ） A. 弘扬基督教会的神学世界观 B. 缺乏创新的动力和进取精神 C. 存在着无法避免的时代局限 D. 以基督教教义作为指导思想 5．意大利建筑师布鲁内莱斯基在1420—1436年间为佛罗伦萨大教堂建造一个41米宽，106米高的大圆顶，不再完全封闭，而是在上面开有让阳光照射进来的窗洞。
选择题重点,英美文学选读(精)
[英国文学]Chapter1 The Renaissance period(14世纪至十七世纪中叶文艺复兴 1.Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。
2.the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心,人是万物之灵。
3.Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt hu man nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures ca pable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that th e world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, a nd enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据,来赞美人性,并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命,人可以不断发展完善自己,而且世界是属于他们的,供他们怀疑,探索以及享受。
4.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the b est representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔,克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
5.Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。
文艺复兴时期英国文学练习题-问答题参考答案
文艺复兴时期英国文学练习题-问答题参考答案1. What is the influence of the Authorized Version of Bible on the English language and literature?Apart from its religious influence, the Authorized V ersion has a great influence on the English language and literature. The translators of the Authorized Version held fast to pure, old English speech. About 93 percent of the 6000 words used in it are the main words of native English. So, with the widespread influence of the English Bible, the standard modern English has been fixed and confirmed. A great number of Bible coinages and phrases have passed into daily English speech as household words, and are often used with no knowledge of their origin. For instance, “help-mate”, “peacemaker”, “tender mercy”, “living kindness”, “long suffering”, “clear as crystal”, “arose as one man”, “a thorn in the flesh”, “root of evil”, “to cast pearls before swine”, “a labor of love”, “the shadow of death”, “eye for eye, tooth for tooth”, and many more. Thus the simple and dignified language of the Authorized Version has colored the style of the English prose for the last 300 years and more, and the English Bible has woven its phrases and expressions into the texture of the English language, English literature and English life.2. What are the main features of European Renaissance?Two features are striking of the Renaissance Movement. One is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Old manuscripts were dug out. There arose a current for the study of Greek and Latin authors. While people learned to admire the Greek and Latin works as models of literary form, they caught something in spirit very different from the medieval Catholic dogma. So the love of classic was but an expression of the general dissatisfaction with the Catholic and feudal ideas.The other feature of the Renaissance is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. People ceased to look upon themselves as living only for God and a future world. Thinkers, artists and poets arose, who gave expression, sometimes in an old guise, though, to the new feeling of admiration for human beauty and human achievement, a feeling in sharp contrast with theology. Hence arose the thought of Humanism. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance. Humanism reflected the new outlook of the rising bourgeoisie, which saw the world opening before it. According to the humanists, both man and world are hindered only by external checks from infinite improvement. Man could mould the world according to his desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks by the exercise of reason.3. What the characteristics of Edmund Spenser’s poetry?Spenser’s poetry possesses the following main qualities:(1) a perfect melody;(2) a rare sense of beauty;(3) a splendid imagination;(4) a lofty moral purity and seriousness;(5) a delicate realism. It is his idealism, his love of beauty and his exquisite melody that make him known as “the Poet’s Poet”.4. What is the writing style of Francis Bacon’s essays?Bacon’s essays have a literary style peculiar to their own. They are noted for their clearness, brevity and force of expression. Bacon’s chief concern is to express his thought with clearness and in as few words as possible. His sentences are short, pointed, incisive, and often of balanced structure. Many of them have become wise old sayings. Generally speaking, Bacon’s literary style has three prominent qualities: directness, terseness, and forcefulness.5. How much do you know about Christopher Marlowe’s literary achievements? Christopher Marlowe was the greatest of the pioneers of English drama. He reformed the English drama and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works. It is Marlowe who first made blank verse (rhymeless iambic pentameter) the principal instrument of English drama. His blank verse is a living thing; it is vigorous, fluid and precise. It translates thoughts and emotions into rhythmical speech with happy exactness, thus interpreting the restlessly moving and questing spirit of the Renaissance. His blank verse has been described as “titanic”and compared to “a swollen river sweeping down on its dried-up channel, filling its broad banks and moving on majestically”.Marlowe’s dramatic achievement lies chiefly in his epical, and at times lyrical, verse. He rarely supplies a model in dramatic technicalities. But in his plays there is a lack of variety in characterization and construction. However, he was famous for his “mighty line”. It is mighty and plastic.His work paved the way for the plays of the greatest English dramatist—William Shakespeare—whose achievements were the monument of the English Renaissance.6. When were Shakespeare’s main tragedies written? What did he write about in his tragedies?Shakespeare’s main tragedies were written during the period of gloom and depression dated from 1600 to 1607.Shakespeare’s great tragedies are associated with a period of gloom and sorrow in his life. During this period, England witnessed a general unrest, social contradictions became very sharp. What caused the writer’s personal sadness is unknown to us. It is generally attributed to the political misfortune of his friend and patron, Earl of Essex, who was killed by the Queen.His main tragedies are Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. All of these plays express a profound dissatisfaction with life. They show the struggle and conflicts between good and evil of the time, between justice and injustice. In these plays, the writer Shakespeare condemns the dark and evil society.7. Summarize Ben Jonson’s theory on drama.Ben Jonson is both a dramatist and a good critic. According to him, a play should be realistic, showing “an image of the times”. Characters should be selected to illustrate particular “humours”. Comedies should portray manners and follies, and thus could expose, ridicule and censure life. He insisted on an adherence to the unities of time, place and action. He rejected the admixture of comedy and tragedy, and thought romantic comedy and chronicle history full of absurdities.8. What are the characteristics of the Humanism?(1) Humanism is the essence of Renaissance.(2) Humanism see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.(3) They also believe that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this world, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.9. What is Francis Bacon’s contribution to English literature?Bacon’s contribution to English literature lies chiefly in his Essays, the first collection of essays as such in the English language and considered an important landmark in the development of English prose. Bacon wrote these for the young men of his class and tradition, who were intent upon the completest self-realization in public life. The subjects cover a wide range: philosophy, religion, politics and conduct of life. Bacon’s practicality is shown in most of his essays. He employs what may be called the dialectical method by balancing opposing arguments before drawing his conclusions. Different from the elaborate language of euphuism, his essays are known for their conciseness and brevity, simplicity and forcefulness. Epigrams are frequently employed, yet they are always ordered judiciously and appropriately. In addition, the essays are enriched by Biblical allusions, metaphors and cadence.。
英美英国文学第一章到第三章练习
文艺复兴时期练习及答案Exercises of the First Part of the British Literature Section One: Multiple-choice questions1. U “pon a great adventure he was bond, / That greatest Gloriana to him gave. Th ”ese two lines are taken from[A] Milton's Samson Agonistes[C] Beowulf 2. "O prince, O chief of many throned powers, That led th' embattled Seraphim to war Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds Fearless, endangered Heaven's perpetual King. " In the first line of the above passage quoted from Milton's Paradise Lost , the phrase "O prince, O chief of many throned powers ”refers to ___________________[A] Satan [B] God [C] Adam 3. Shakespeare claims through the mouth of Hamlet that the "end" of the dramatic creation is to give _______ of the social realities of the time.[A] faithful reflection[B] instructive representation [C] imaginative narration [D] allegorical description4. Humanists of the Renaissance turned to the spirit of ____ culture for inspiration.[A] Anglo-Saxon [B] Italian and French[C] Greeek and Roman [D] medieval5. Paradise Lost is composed in blank verse, which permits the subject. [A] epic grandeur[C] descriptive subtlety 6. Donne 's famous analogy of parting lovers to a drawing compass affords a prime example of[A] dramatic style[C] paradox 7. _______ is a study of the lust for wealth, which centers on Barabas, the Jew, a terrible oldmoney lender.[A] The Jew of Malta[C] Tamburlaine the Great 8. In his conception of tragedy, Marlowe perceived that tragic action must issue from, and be reflected in, ______ .[B] Spenser's The Faerie Queene [D] Gray's Elegy Written in a CountryChurchyard[D] EveMilton needed for his[B] narrative sweep [D] intellectualgrasp[B] exaggeration [D] conceit[B] The Merchant of V enice [D] The Tempest[A] the Renaissance hero[B] endless aspiration for knowledge [C] the individual [D] human dignity and capacity9. In The Faerie Queene, the Red Cross Knight, who stands for true religion ofon the orders of Queen of Faerie, who represents ______ .[A] the Anglican Church, Queen Elizabeth [B] the Roman Catholic Church, Pope[C] Christianity, Christ [D] humanism, divine truth10. What figure of speech is used in the lines: "Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, / And summer's lease too short a date"?[A] Simile[C] Personification 11. The underlined part in "My deeds upon my head! I crave the law, / The penalty and forfeit of my bond. " (from TF, chant of V enice) means _______ .[A] What is done can't be undone [B] Let me responsible for what I do[C] I would give anything for fulfilling my bond [D] I deserve what I demand12. The line "When we have shuffled off this mortal coil" be, or not to be" soliloquy means .when we have got rid of this coil that is doomed to die when we have unloaded this heavyburden like a coil when we have taken off this coat made of coils when we are relived fromthe trouble of mortal life wound around us like coils13. What does the word "humour" mean in the following quotation from "Of Studies": "to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of “ a scholar ”?[A] funniness[B] Wit [C]character [D] A sudden whim14. The Spenserian stanza is a group of eight lines of iambic pentameter followed by a six-stress line, with a rhyme scheme ababbcbcc.[A] trochaic[C] anapestic 15. In Satan 'speech:…if he, whom mutual league, / United : thoughts and .counseis, equal hope / And hazard in the glorious enterprise, /.joined with me once . . . " What does "the glorious enterprise refer to?[A] The former scheme to overthrow God.[B] stealing the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil[C] Finding means of evil out of good.[D] corrupting Adam and Eve.16. What is the tone in the following lines: " Saucy pedantic .go wretch, go chide / Late school-boys, and sour prentices"?[A] Ironic [B] Sarcastic , sets out [B] Metonymy [D] Hyperbole[A] [B] [C] [D][B] iambic [D]dactylic[C]Humorous [D] Understated18. The sonnet "Death Be Not Proud" is written in the strictbelief that ________ .[A][B][C][D]19. In the line "And every fair from fair sometime decline Shakespeare's Sonnet 18), what does the first and second “fair ”mean?[A] Light complexion; beauty.[C] The beautiful person or thing; beauty. enice, when says to Shylock: "We all expect agentle answer, Jew. punning on the word "gentle".He means a merciful but also means __________________________________________________ .[A] an amiable and tender answer[B] a noble answer [C] a Gentile's as opposed to a Jew's answer [D] a generous answer21. In his "To be, or not to be" soliloquy, Hamlet gives the why he wants to commit suicide. Apart from his personal revenge, that he _ is another reason.[A] is unable to restore his earlier idealized image of his mother[B] thinks the next world is far better than this one[C] is mentally tormented by his father's words[D] cannot bear the social injustice and grievances22. By adva ncing the theory of _________ , Bac on shows the emp irical attitudes toward truth about nature and bravely challenges the medieval scholasticists.[A] inductive reasoning[B] deductive reasoning [C] education [D] scientific experimentation23. The central figure of Tamburlaine, the Great represents for infinite[A] knowledge and happiness[B] power and authority [C] ambition and conquest [D] success and adventure17. In the best metaphysical poetry, feeling and __________ ingenious and appropriate, though it may be disconcertedincongruities together.[A] imagery[B] conceit fuse in an image that is always at first in the shock of bringing [C] thought [D] colloquialismpattern. It reveals the poet's Shakespearean, death is only a sleep, after which we liveeternally Petrarchan, death is but momentary while hal v deathis eternal Elizabethan, death is not as strong as people thinkhe is Portuguese, death is like a long sleep that offer, for the[B] Loveliness; beautiful women.[D] Sound reason; justice.20. In the court scene of The Merchant of V25. In King Leur, Shakespeare has shown to us the two-fold exerted by the feudalisi corruption and24. The shepherd's Calender set thegreat 16th century.[A] rusticfashion in English literature, and inaugurated the [B] ornate [C] rustic [D] pastoral___________ gradually corroded the ordered society.[A] Anarchy and rebellion [B] supernatural forces[C] super natural forces [D] tyranny[B] power and authority success and adventure fashion in English lyrical poetry of the lastSection Two (Reading comprehension)1. So pure and innocent, as that same lambe,She was in life and every vertuous lore,And by descent from royall lynage cameOf ancient Kings and Queenes, that had of yoreTheir scepters stretcht from east to westerne shore,And all the world in their subjection held;Till that infernall feend with foule uproreForwasted all their land, and them expeld;Whom to avenge, she had this knight from far compeld. "Questions:A.Identify the poet and the poem.Edmund Spenser: The Faerie Queene.B.What does "this knight" refer to?The Red Cross Knight.C.What idea does the quotation express?It is a description of V irgin Una, who stands for the divine truth and accompanies the Red Cross Knight on his adventures. She is as pure and innocent in life and all moral knowledge as the Lamb of God (Jesus Christ ). She descended of a royal line, which in old days governed the land from east to west and made the whole world subject to the rule (which suggests she derives her lineage from the Church Universal, not from the Papacy), until the dragon ( which represents the powers of Spain and Rome) with wicked tumult devastated all their land and drove them out. So she has summoned the Knight from a remote place to avenge her imprisoned parents.2."Within this circle is Jehovah's name Forward and backward anagrammatized, The breviated names of holy saints, Figures of every adjunct to the heavens And characters of signs anderring stars, By which the spirits are enforced to rise. "Questions:A.Identify the author and the work.B. Who does "Jehovah" refer to?C. What idea does the quotation express?2. "Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution Issicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought;And enterprises of great pith and moment, With this regard, their currents turn awry And lose the name of action. " Questions:A. Identify the author and the work.B.Who is the speaker of the quoted passage?C.What idea does the quotation express?4."Some men there are love not a gaping pig, Some that are mad if they behold a cat, Andothers, when bagpipe sings i' th' nose, Cannot contain their urine for affection, Mistress of passion, sways it to the mood Of what it likes or loathes. "Questions:A.t he author and the work.B.W ho is the speaker of the quoted passage?C.What idea does the quotation express?5. “If her eyes have not blinded thine, Look, and tomorrow late, tell me, Whether both theIndias of spice and mine Be where thou left'st them, or lie here with me. Ask for those kings whom thou saw'st yesterday, And thou shalt hear, all here in one bed lay. "Questions:A.Identify the poet and the poem.B.What does the word "thou" in the last line of the quotation refer to?C.What idea does the quotation express?Section Two Questions and answers1. Make a brief analysis of the "quality of mercy" speech by Portia,.Merchant of V enice, and try to explain why it is regarded most famous speech in the play.2. Make a brief comment on the theme of Paradise Lost.3.Make a brief summary of the historical and cultural background to English Renaissance.4.Make a brief analysis of "Death, Be Not Proud".5.What is Francis Bacon's contribution to English literature?Section Four (Topic discussion)1. Comment on Hamlet's inaction.2. What are the main characteristics of metaphysical poetry?英美文学第二阶段（新古典主义时期）综合练习II. ExercisesA. Multiple-choice questions : (Each of the statements below by four alternative answers. Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets . )1. In field of literature, the Enlightenment brought about a(n)the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism.2. John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress is a ( n )A. allegory3. As a literary figure, Belinda appears in Alexander Pope's4. In lines "With gold jewels cover every part, /And hide with ornamentstheir want of art", Pope rejectsA. the "Follow Nature" fallacylanguage?7. Which of the following is a typical feature of Swift's writings?A. revived interest inB. antagonism againstC. rebellion againstD. rational scrutiny ofB. romanceC. comedy of mannersD. realistic novelA. An Essay on CriticismB. The DunciadC. The Rape of the LockD. "Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot"B. artificialityC. aesthetic orderD. good taste 5. Which of the followingis NOT a typical aspect of Defoe'sA. Vernacular.B. Colloquial.C. Elegant.D. Smooth.6. "He has a servant called Friday". "He" in the quoted sentence is a character inA. Gulliver's TravelsB. Tom JonesC. Robinson CrusoeD. The Rape of the LockA. Great wit.B. Bitter satire .C. Laurence SterneD. Henry FieldingA. Oliver GoldsmithB. Richard B. Sheridan 13. Who was the greatest dramatist in the 18th century?C. Rich mythic allusions.D. Complicated sentence structures 8. In which of the following works can you find the proper names "Lilliput","Brobdingnag", "Houyhnhnm" and "Yahoo"?A. The Pilgrim's ProgressB. The Fairie QueeneC. Gulliver's travelsD. The School for scandel9. "Of all the 18th-century n ovelists, he was the first to set out, both in theoryand p ractice, to write sp ecifically a 'comic epic in p rose' , the first to give the modern novelists " structure and style. In the above sentence, "he"refers toA. Jonathan SwiftB. Daniel DefoeC. Samuel RichardsonD. Henry Fielding10. "The novel is structured around the discovery of the hero's origin. " Thisnovel is most probablyA. David CopperfieldB. The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingC. Wuthering HeightsD. The Vicar of the Wakefield11. "To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed tofavors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge." The above sentence is presented in a ( n )tone. A. ironicB. indifferentC. delightfulD. jealousy 12. The was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RomanticismB. HumanismC. EnlightenmentD. Sentimentalism14. "As shades more sweetly recommend the light, So modest plainness sets off sprightly wit; For works may have more wit than does 'em good As bodies perish through excess of blood. " In the above lines, Pope tries to say thatA. more wit will make better poetryB. plainness is more important than wit in poetryC. too much wit will destroy good poetryD. plainness will make wit dull15. Fielding's method of presentation, namely the fullest, freest, clearest and most straight-forward manner and alsomakes it possible for him to add explanations in places when necessary.A. telling the story through a series of lettersB. telling the story through the mouth of the principal characterC. the author acting as the narratorD. revealing the story through a framework16. The Rape of the Lock by Alexander Pope is written in the form of a mock, which describes the triviality of high society in a grand style.17. Defoe's Robinson Crusoe created the image of an enterprising Englishman,typical of the English bourgeoisie in the18. In The Pilgrim's Progress , John Bunyan describes The Vanity Fair in atone.19. Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing thatliterary, enables him to write inA. epicB. elegyC. sonnetD. odecentury . A. 17thB. 19thC. 18thD. 20th A. delightfulB. solemnC. sentimentalD. satiricalrestrained emotion, good taste and decorum.20. Of all the 18th-century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, bothin theory and practice, to write specifically a " to give the modern novel its structure and style.A. tragi-comicB. comic epicC. romanceD. romantic epic21. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Samuel Johnson'slanguage style?A. His sentences are long and well structured.B. His sentences are interwoven with parallel phrases.C. He tends to use informal and colloquial words.D. His sentences are complicated, but his thoughts are clearly expressed. .22. The School for Scandal, one of the great classics in English drama, is aon the moral degeneracy of the aristocratic-bourgeoissocietyin the 18th-century England.23. In "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" , Thomas Gray comparesthe common folk with the great ones, wondering what the commonscould have achieved if they had had the24. In his works, Defoe gave his praise to the hard-working, sturdy_____ and showed his sympathy for the downtrodden, unfortunate poor. A. middle-class people B. working people25. "The boast of heraldry , the pomp of power, And all that beauty , all that wealth e'er gave, Awaits alike the inevitable hour. The paths of glory lead but to the grave. IIIn the above quoted passage, Thomas Gray intends to say that great family, power,works should be judged byrules of order, reason, logic,A. classicalB. romanticC. sentimentalD. allegoricalin prose", the first A. high praise B. sharp satireC. great ironyD. bitter lamentA. loveB. chanceC. moneyD. material wealthC. Irish farmersD. aristocratsbeauty and wealthA. will never make people lead to the same destina tion-paths ofgloryB. will inevitably make people realize their gloriousdreamsC. are the very best things to lead people to theirgloriesD. will never prevent people from reaching their finaldestination-graveB. Blank-filling: (Complete each of the following statements with a proper wordorphrase. )1. The Neoclassical Period is also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Ageof2. Modern English novel is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution andasymbol of the growing importance of theEnglish class .3. Joseph Andrews was first intended as a burlesque of the dubious moralityandfalse sentimentality ofRichardson's4. As a lexicographer, Johnson distinguished himself as the author of thefirstEnglish5. was the only important English dramatist of the eighteenthcentury. His plays, especially The Rivals and The School for Scandal , aregenerally regarded as important links between the masterpieces ofShakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.6. Jonathan Swift's is generally regarded as a model of the best satirenot only in this time but also in the whole English literaryhistory .7. The Pilgrim's Progress, which describes a Christian's journey to theCelestialCity, is a well-knownreligious8. Henry Fielding was the first 18th century writer to try to realize, bothintheory and practice, “_ the modern novel its structure and style.9. In "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard", Gray reflects on - with atouchof his personalmelancholy.10. Bunyan's style was modeled after that of the English -, with concrete andliving language and carefully observed and vividly presenteddetails.T-F statements: (Decide whether the following statements are true or false C.and write your answers in the brackets. )) 1. Samuel Richardson is regarded as the first writer of the English novel ofcharacter.) 2. The Pilgrim's Progress is one of the most popular pieces ofChristianwriting produced during the Romantic Age.( ) 3. The Enlightenment was a progressive working-class movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.) 4. John Bunyan 's Pilgrim's Progress, isa typical example ofallegory.) 5. Alexander Pope strongly advocated Romanticism, emphasizing thespecial qualities of each individual's mind.) 6. Jonathon Swift was the most remarkable satirist in the 18th century who criticized the new bourgeois-aristocratic society of his age without mercy.) 7. In contrast to his contemporary writers, Thomas Gray' literary output was small.) 8. In The Pilgrim's Progress, the Celestial City stands for Heaven or thekingdom of God.) 9. In The Rape of the Lock Pope bemoans the fate of the lords and ladies in the aristocratic bourgeois society .) 10. Unlike Pope, Samuel Johnson is seldom didactic and never tries to moralize in his writings.2. The Mysteries of UdUdolpho B. Alexander PopeD.Works-author pairing-up.l. The Castle of Otranto A. John Bunyan 2. The Mysteries of UdUdolpho B. Alexander Pope3. The Pilgrim's ProgressC. Jonathan Swift 9. The School for Scandal 10. "Elegy Written in a countryChurchyard"E. Define the literary terms listed below:F. Reading comprehension:( For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author andthe title of the literary work from which it is taken and then brieflyinterpret it . )1. "Here is the Britain Row, the French Row, the Italian Row, the Spanish Row, the German Row, where several sorts of vanities are to be sold. But, as in other fairs, some one commodity is as the chief of all the fair, so the ware of Rome and her merchandise is greatly promoted in this fair: only our English nation, with some others, have taken a dislike thereat. "2. "True wit is Nature to advantage dressed,What oft was thought, but ne'er so well expressed;Something whose truth convinced at sight we find,That gives us back the image of our mind. "3. "'Is not a patron, my Lord, one who looks with unconcern on a man struggli ng for life in the water, and when he has reached ground, encumbers him with help?"'G. Questions: (For each of the following questions you are asked to give a 4. The Rape of the LockD. Henry Fielding 5. Robinson CrusoeE. Horace Walpole 6. Gulliver's TravelsF. Richard B. Sheridan 7. The History of Tom Jones,G. Ann Radcliffe a FoundlingH. Thomas Gray 8. The Lives of PoetsI. Daniel DefoeJ. Samuel Johnson1. The Enlightenment2. The Gothic Novel3. Neoclassicism4. The Heroic Coupletbrief answer, explaining what you know about it. You should write no more than 100 words for each answer, and, therefore, concentrate on thoseessential points. )1.What are the artistic features of Thomas Gray's poetry?2.What is the theme of Sheridan's The School for Scandal ?3.What are the features of Swift's prose?H.Essay questions: ( In this part you are asked to write a short essay on eachof the given topics. You should write no more than 150 words on each one.Therefore, you should concentrate on those most important Points. try your best to be logical in your essay, and keep your writing clear and tidy. )ment on the features of "comic epic in prose" in the selected reading ofTom Jones.ment on the rope-dances and the leaping and creeping games described inGulliver 's Trlasv. ement on the theme and images of "Elegy Written in a CountryChurchyard".E.Define the literary terms listed below:1. The Enlightenment2. The Gothic Novel3.N eoclassicism4.T he Heroic Couplet4. Which of the following statements about Wordsworth is NOT true?[A] He is regarded as a "worshipper of nature".[B] He thinks that common life is the only subject of literaryinterest. [C] His deliberate simplicity and refusal to decorate the truth of experience浪漫主义时期文学Exercises IIII. Multiple-choice questions1. The two major English novelists produced in the Romantic Age are[B] Wordsworth and Coleridge[C] Scott andAusten[D] Lamb and Hazlitt2. "And because I am happy and dance and sing, / They think they havedone me no injury, /And are gone to praise God and hispriest and king,/ Who make up a heavenof our misery. The above four linesaretaken from[D] Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard iscentral to Blake's concern in his Songs of InnocenceandSongs of Experience .[A] Byron and Shelley [A] Song of Experience[B] Song of Innocence[C] Poetical Sketches 3. [A] Politics [B] Religion [C] Childhood [D] Manhood[A] ironic [B] indifferent[D] He changes the course of English poetry by using allusive speech of thelanguage.5. Coleridge's actual achievement as a poet can be divided into tworemarkably diverse groups: the demonic and theconversational. Whichone of the following poems belongs to the conversationalgroup?[A] The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. [B] Christabel.6. Which of the following words is NOT appropriate to describe thecharacteristic features of the "Byronic hero"?[B] Mysterious.7. In the conversation with Mrs. Bennet in Chapter One of Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Bennet uses a teasing tone and[B] joyous8. Which of the following works is NOT a poetic drama written by Byron?[A] The Prisoner of Chillon [B] Manfred[C] Kubla Khan. [D] Frost at Midnight.[A] Proud. [C] Rebellious. [D] Pious.humor.[A] ironic [C] black [D] sarcastic[C]Childe Harold's Pilgrimage [D] Don Juan9.It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of agood fortune must be in want of a wife. " This sentence is presented intone.a(n)[A] ironic [B] indifferent[C] delightful [D] Jealousy10. Which of the following works is an elegy written by Shelley?[D] Queen Mab 11. In the poem "She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways" ending lines golike this: "But she is in her grave, and, Oh. The difference to me!" Theword "me" in the quoted line probably refer to[B ] the reader 12. In the early 19th-century England, the heavily exploited workersexpressedthemselvesin the popular outbreaksof machine-breaking13. "Those ungrateful drones who would/Drain your swe —atnay, drink yourblood?" The word "drones" in the above two 1ines written by Shelley isused as a(n)[B] metaphor [A] Adonais[B] L ycidas[C] Isabella[A] the poet[C] her lover[D] her fatherknown as the riots.[A] Chartist [B] Peterloo[C] Enclosure[D] Luddite [A] irony[C] metonymy[D] synecdoche[A] synecdoche [B] symbol14.In his poem, "Ode to the West Wind", Shelley intends topresent hiswind as a centralaround which the poet weaves various cycles of death and rebirth.[A] synecdoche[B] symbol 15. Byron's "Song for the Luddites" contains three five-lined stanzas ofmovement. The rimes in each stanza are abba .[B] anapestic16. Byron's masterwork, Don Juan , is based on the[B] Greek myth 17.. "The Isles of Greece" is among Byron's most effectivepoeticalutterances on national freedom and consists of sixteen six-lined stanzas tetrameter, with a rime scheme of ababcc. All the 16stanzas are supposedto have been sung by a Greek singer atthewedding feast of Don Juan and Haidee.[B] anapestic18. In Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1790), the word "marriage" , to Blake,means the[A] subordination of the one to the other[B] co-existence of the conflicting parts [C1 fighting of the [C] simile [D] metonymy[A] iambic [C] trochee[D] dactylic[A] Bible[C] Roman myth[D] Spanish legend of[A] iambic [C] trochee [D] dactylic[A] synecdoche [B] symbol conflicting parts[D]reconciliation of the contrariesare presented from the viewpoint.19. Wordsworth defines poetry as " the spontaneous overflow of powerfulfeelings, which originates in emotion recollected in[B] observation22. By contrasting the freedom of the ancient Greece ard theenslavement ofthe present Greece in "The Isles of Greece appealedto theGreekpeople to fight for[B] happiness[A ] memory[C] tranquility [D1 nature20. The stanza Shelleyinvents for this Ode to the West Wind is a highly complicated fusion of the sonnet and of rima, with nodivision into octave and sestet. Shelley's rhyme scheme :or his stanzas may be. represented as aba bcb cdc ded ee.[A] free[B] end [C] internal [D] terza21. The poetic view ofcan be best understoodfrom his remark about poetry: " all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings. "[A] Samuel Taylor Coleridge [B] John Keats [C] William Wordsworth[D] Percy Bysshe Shelley.[ A ] love。
初三文艺复兴练习题
初三文艺复兴练习题文艺复兴是人类历史上一段重要的艺术和文化发展时期。
在这个时期，艺术家们开始追求自由和创新，推动了艺术和文化的复兴。
以下是一些初三文艺复兴练习题，帮助大家更好地了解这一时期。
一、选择题1. 文艺复兴起源于以下哪个国家？a. 英国b. 法国c. 意大利d. 德国2. 文艺复兴时期最具代表性的画家是谁？a. 达·芬奇b. 米开朗琪罗c. 拉斐尔d. 提香3. 文艺复兴运动中，人们开始重视以下哪种学科？a. 哲学b. 社会学c. 数学d. 文学4. 文艺复兴时期的音乐作品，最常用的形式是？a. 协奏曲b. 奏鸣曲c. 交响曲d. 赋格曲5. 文艺复兴时期的建筑以以下哪个特点为主要特色？a. 高塔和尖顶b. 大型拱门和穹顶c. 精致的雕刻和花纹d. 利用尺寸对称和比例二、判断题1. 文艺复兴时期，科学和艺术是分离的。
（正确/错误）2. 文艺复兴艺术家追求的是超凡脱俗的完美。
（正确/错误）3. 文艺复兴时期，宗教主题的艺术作品逐渐减少。
（正确/错误）4. 文艺复兴时期的音乐作品以宗教音乐为主要形式。
（正确/错误）5. 文艺复兴运动对于欧洲文化的发展产生了重要影响。
（正确/错误）三、填空题1. 著名的文艺复兴作品《最后的晚餐》是由__________绘制的。
2. 文艺复兴时期的艺术家艾尔布雷希特·杜勒尔创作了被称为__________的画作。
3. 文艺复兴时期，人们开始通过__________来观察宇宙和天体运动。
4. 文艺复兴时期的建筑风格之一是__________，以优雅和对称为特点。
5. 文艺复兴运动对于人文科学的发展起到了重要__________。
四、解答题1. 请简要介绍文艺复兴运动对于艺术和文化的影响。
2. 选择你认为最具代表性的文艺复兴艺术作品，并解释它为什么被认为是重要的。
3. 你认为文艺复兴和现代艺术有什么相似之处？总结：通过这些练习题，我们可以更好地理解和回顾初三文艺复兴的相关知识。
文艺复兴+练习--2025届高三统编版2019必修中外历史纲要下册一轮复习
2025届高三高考历史一轮课时练习：文艺复兴一、单选题1．“《李尔王》中三位核心人物面对权力的斗争给出了不同的解决方法。
坚持真理的考狄利娅象征古典美德，爱德蒙追求政治权谋，两者都失败了。
埃德伽在苦难中成长为顶天立地的英雄，他的成功揭示了莎士比亚对这一类新型政治领袖的认同。
”这体现了莎士比亚（）A．追求现世社会的幸福生活B．注重刻画人物的内心世界C．形成了理性化的思维方式D．追求人文主义的政治理想2．中世纪后期，意大利的艺术家群体在创作时很少将自己的肖像作为绘画的主体形象表现出来，更多的是以一种另类的署名方式在肖像作品中标记；后来自画像作为一个独立门类发展起来。
促使这种变化出现的主要原因是（）A．近代科学革命的兴起B．民众思想的普遍解放C．艺术创作的趋利心态D．人文主义思想的传播3．莎士比亚在作品《暴风雨》中通过女主角米兰达之口说道：“神奇呵，这里有多少好看的人！人类是多么美丽！呵，新奇的世界，有这么出色的人物！”材料反映了莎士比亚意在（）A．强调以人为中心B．批判宗教教义C．提倡独立思考D．肯定科学精神4．法国的拉伯雷（1494-1553）以法国民间故事中的三代巨人国王为主角，通过描写他们游历的故事，用浪漫主义和极其夸张的手法塑造这三位巨人，来表达其心中的理想。
其宣传的核心理念为（）A．人文主义B．浪浸主义C．理性主义D．现实主义5．有学者指出，如果说，无视欧洲人创造古希腊—罗马—拜占庭文化的作用和在近代欧洲文艺复兴、文化启蒙与产业革命时期对全人类文化所做出的伟大贡献是何等荒谬；那么，无视东方各民族人民—中国人……以及阿拉伯人对古代和中世纪文化所做出的伟大贡献，也同样是荒谬的。
该学者的主张（）A．折射出世界各民族开放的对外政策B．旨在以国际的视野来看待人类文明C．印证了古代亚欧统治疆域不断扩大D．肯定世界文化多样性及其历史作用6．15世纪的意大利首先建立“骑士学校”，教授骑术、击剑、跳舞、拳击等内容，同智力教育、道德规范教育结合起来，培养学生的强健体魄、文雅谈吐和得体举止。
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英美文学选读选择题1. _______, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons.A. The Canterbury TalesB. ExodusC. BeowulfD. The Legend of Good Women2. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________.A．William Langland' s Piers Plowman B．Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC．John Gower's Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 3. With classical culture and the（）humanistic ideas coming into England, the English Renaissance began flourishing.A. FrenchB. GermanC. ItalianD. Greek4. During the reign of_______, England started its Religious Reformation and broke away from Rome.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward VID. Queen Elizabeth5. The Protestant movement, which was seen as a means to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption and superstition of the Middle Ages, was initiated by _______.A. Francis BaconB. Martin LutherC. Thomas More UtopiaD. William Shakespeare6．The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events EXCEPT_________.A．the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB．the vast expansion of British colonies in North AmericaC．the new discoveries in geography and astrologyD．the religious reformation and the economic expansion7. In Renaissance, the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts to do the following EXCEPT ______.A. getting rid of those old feudalist ideasB. getting control of the parliament and governmentC. introducing new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisieD. recovering the purity of the early church, from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church8. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the characteristics of Renaissance humanism?A. Cultivation of the art of this world and this life.1B. Tolerance of human foibles.C. Search for the genuine flavor of ancient culture.D. Glorification of religious faith.9. The Renaissance marks a transition from ______ to the modern world.A. the old EnglishB. the medievalC. the feudalistD. the capitalist10. The English Renaissance period was an age of ________A. poetry and dramaB. drama and novelC. novel and poetryD. romance and poetry11. The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（）.A. humanismB. realismC. naturalismD. skepticism12．______ is the essence of the Renaissance.A．Poetry B．Drama C．Humanism D．Reason23A. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.45C. They couldn't see the human values in their works.6714. One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is_______A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres8910A. blank verseB. free verseC. sonnetD. alliteration1116. Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his “______”.A. lyrical linesB. soft linesC. mighty linesD. religious lines17._______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England, while _______ brought in blank verse, i.e. the unrhymed iambic pentameter line.A. Wyatt...SurreyB. Wyatt...SidneyC. Surrey...SidneyD. Sidney...Spenser18. It was ________ who first introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.A. CaxtonB. WyattC. SurreyD. Marlowe19. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. SurreyB. WyattC. SidneyD. Shakespeare20. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima21．The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe,William Shakespeare and ______________.A．John Milton B．John Bunyan C．Ben Jonson D．Edmund Spenser22. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Jonson23. “Metaphysical Poetry”refers to the works of the 17th - century writers who wroteunder the influence of _____.A. John DonneB. Alexander PopeC. Christopher MarloweD. John Milton121314A. Common speech.B. Conceit. 奇思妙想C. Argument. 修辞D. Refined language.用词严谨25. All the following poets except ________ belong to the metaphysical school.A. DonneB. HerbertC. MarvellD. Milton26. Spenser's masterpiece is ______, which is a great poem of the age.A. The Shepheardes CalenderB. The Faierie QueeneC. The Rape of LucreceD. The Canterbury Tales27. Edmund Spenser's masterpiece is _____.A. The Shepheared's CalenderB. The Faerie QueenC. EpithalamionD. The Canterbury Tales28.____ is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.A.Francis BaconB.Edmund SpenserC.William CarxtonD.Sidney29. Francis Bacon is not only the first important essayist but also the founder of modern ______ in England.A. poetryB. novelC. proseD. science30. ______, the first important English essayist, was also the founder of modern science in England and one of the representatives of the English Renaissance. A．Christopher Marlowe B．Thomas MoreC．Francis Bacon D．William Shakespeare31. _____,the first important English essayist, is best known for his essays which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.A. Charles LambB. Ben JonsonC. Francis BaconD. John Lyly32．Francis Bacon's essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and______________.A．complicity B．complexity C．powerfulness D．mildness33. Shakespeare is known to have used _ different words. His coinage of new words15and distortion of the meaning of the old ones also create striking effects on the reader.A. 16,000B. 1600C.20,000D. 200034. As a Renaissance humanist, Shakespeare ( )A. is against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money.B. holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality.C. gives faithful reflection of the social realities of his time through his works.D. all of the above.35．Shakespeare's four greatest tragedies are ________.A．Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, HamletB．Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of VeniceC．Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, MacbethD．Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet36. Shakespeare's four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______and ______.A. King Lear...Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John...Julius CaesarD. King John…The Merchant of Venice37.Shakespeare's tragedies include all the following except（）.A. Hamlet and King LearB. Antony and Cleopatra and MacbethC. Julius Caesar and OthelloD. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night's Dream38. In Shakespeare's greatest tragedies, which of the following is the typical characteristic the heroes share in common? ( )A. They have a strong lust for power and finally go into incessant crimes.B. They are perfect heroes without any weakness.C. They face the injustice of human life but are never caught in a difficult situation.D. They have a fate which is closely connected with the fate of the whole nation.39. As to the great tragedy Hamlet, which of the following is not true?A. The timeless appeal of this mighty drama lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict and searching philosophic melancholy.B. The bare outline of the play is based on a widespread legend in northern Europe.C. The whole story of the play is created by Shakespeare himself.D. In it, Shakespeare condemns the hypocrisy and treachery and general corruption at the royal court.40. ______, the melancholic scholar, prince, faces the dilemma between action and 16mind.A. OthelloB. MacbethC. HamletD. Antonio41. In Hamlet, the hero's trouble mainly lies in ( )A. his pride in refusing to acknowledge his mother's second marriageB. his hesitation in carrying out his plan of revengeC. his suspicion that his father was murdered by his uncleD. his ambition to gain quick access to the throne42. ________ is a natural means of writing in revealing the prince's inner conflict and psychological predicament in Shakespeare's Hamlet.A．Dialogue B．SoliloquyC．Dramatic monologue D．Satire43. “To be, or not to be - that is the question;/Whether' tis nobler in the mind to suffer / The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/Or to take arms against a sea of troubles ,/And by opposing end then?”These lines are taken from _____.A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. OthelloD. Hamlet44. _____ lust for power stirs up his ambition and leads him to incessant crimes.A. Othello'sB. Hamlet'sC. Shylock'sD. Macbeth's45. _____ inner weakness is made use of by the outside evil force.A. Hamlet'sB. Othello'sC. King Lear'sD. Macbeth's46. About Shakespeare's romantic comedies, which of the following is true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are not brought into full play at all.C. He presents the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. There is a wonderful balance of characters.47. About Shakespeare's romantic comedies, which of the following is not true?A. He takes an optimistic attitude toward love and truth.B. The romantic elements are brought into full play.C. He praises the patriotic spirit when engaging intellectual excitement and emotion.D. His youthful Renaissance spirit of jollity is fully reflected.48. The most important play among Shakespeare's comedies is _____.A. A Midsummer Night's DreamB. The Merchant of VeniceC. As You Like ItD. Twelfth Night49.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice: “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak'st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?（）17A. Simile. 直喻、明喻B. Metonymy.隐喻D. Synecdoche.C. Pun.双关语50.“Bassanio:Antonio,I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself; But life itself, My wife, and all the world.Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,Here to the devil, to deliver you.Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,If she were by to hear you make the offer.”The above is a quotation taken from Shakespeare's comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate ____.A.dramatic irony戏剧反讽B.personification拟人C.allegory 寓言D.symbolism象征52.In Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______.A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industryB. his enterprise went bankruptC. Bassanio was able to pay his own debtD. his ships had all been lost53. The Tempest is a typical example of Shakespeare's__________view of life towards human life and society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above54. As the best of Shakespeare's final romances, ______ is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life and society in his late years.A. The TempestB. The Winter's TaleC. CymbelineD. The Rape of Lucrece55. Shakespeare' s ______, an elaborate and fantastic story, is known as the best of his final romances.A. The Winter's TaleB. The TempestC. The Taming of the ShrewD. Love' s Labour' s Lost56. Shakespeare's ______ are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity.A. comediesB. tragediesC. history playsD. dark comedies1857. Which of the following is William Shakespeare's history play?A. MacbethB. Henry IVC. Romeo and JulietD. King Lear58. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare'sSonnet 18?A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.D. The speaker meditates on man's salvation.59．The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?”is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare's ______________.．sonnets D．histories B．tragedies C A．comedies60.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 includes three stanzas according to the content with these last two lines as a（）, which completes the sense of the above lines. (057)A. prelude序B. couplet双韵C. epigraph题词D. exposition说明61. In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty , wit and loyaltyD. both A and BJohn Milton62．Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ______________.．the Old Testament B the Renaissance A．C．Greek Mythology D．the New Testament63. The story of Paradise Lost is taken from____. It tells about___.A. the Old Testament ……Satan's rebellion against God.B. the Bible……the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of Eden.C. Greek Mythology ……a young prince's revenge on his father's murderer.D. both A and B64. Paradise Lost tells the story of _____.A. a young prince's revenge on his father's murderer19B. the expulsion of Adam and Eve out of the garden of EdenC. Satan's rebellion against GodD. both B and C65 Which of the following statements about Paradise Lost is true?A. Adam and Eve were driven out of Paradise for their conspiracy with Satan.B. The writer intended to expose the ways of Satan and to justify the ways of God to men.C. Satan, as a rebel to God, was finally defeated and surrendered.D. Satan was finally reconciled with God.66. In heaven, _____ led a rebellion against God. Defeated, he and his rebel angels were cast into Hell.A. AdamB. EveC. SatanD. Samson67. John Milton's ______ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica68.John Milton wrote ______ to expose the way of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men”.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. LycidasD. Samson Agonistes69. “To wage by force or guile eternal war,Irreconcilable to our grand Foe.”（John Milton, Paradise lost)By what means were Satan and his followers to wage this war against God?A. By planting a tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden.B. By turning into poisonous snakes to threaten man's life.C. By removing God from His throne.D. By corrupting man and woman created by God.70. John Milton' s most powerful dramatic poem on the Greek model is ______.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Lycidas71. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton's _____.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Areopagitica72. Samson Agonistes by ______ is the most perfect example of the verse drama after 20the Greek style in English.A. John MiltonB. William BlakeC. Henry FieldingD. William Wordsworth73. The hero of one his main works is an Israel's mighty champion, blind, alone and fighting against his thoughtless enemies. This hero's experience is in close resemblance to the poet himself. This poet's name is ________.．John Milton A B．John BunyanC．Edmund Spenser D．Christopher Marlowe74. Which of the following is not John Milton's works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello75. Which of the following works does not belong to John Milton?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. AdonaisD. LlycidasII. Reading Comprehension (16 points in all, 4 for each)77 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May，And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee.1. What kind of poem is this, blank verse, sonnet, pastoral poem, or ode? Who is the author?SONNET, William Shakespeare2. What is the central idea of this poem?A nice summer's day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.78. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;or shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,21hen in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:o long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,o long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this part is taken. William Shakespeare; SONNET 18B. What does the word “this”in the last line refer to? “this”refers the poemC. What idea do the quoted lines express?When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A nice summer's day is usuallytransient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.79．“Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:”Questions:A.Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18B. Name the figure of speech employed in the poem. ----PersonificationC．What is the theme of the poem?A nice summer's day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.80. “To be, or not to be ——that is the question;Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them?”Questions:A. Who is the writer of this work? What's the title of the work?William Shakespeare, HAMLETB. What does the phrase “to take arms against a sea of troubles”mean?To take up arms against troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.C. How do you understand the quotation “To be, or not to be -that is the question”? Whether to live on in this world or to die is a question. It reflects Hamlet's dilemma and has become the eternal questioning of human action.81. “Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew,Thou mak'st thy knife keen; but no metal can,No, not the hangman's axe, bear half the keennessOf thy sharp envy.”Questions:A. Identify the author and the title of the play from which this part is taken.22William Shakespeare; The Merchant of VeniceB. What figure of speech is used in this quoted passage? PUN 双关C. What idea does the passage express?232425III. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)82．William Shakespeare is one of the most remarkable playwrights the world has ever known.(1)Name his four greatest tragedies.(2)What are the characteristics of the four tragedies in common?(3)Briefly summarize each hero's weakness of nature.26272829303132333435363738394083. Working through the tradition of a Christian humanism, Milton wrote Paradise Lost, intending to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of God to men.”What is Milton's fundamental concern in Paradise Lost?414243. The freedom to submit to God's prohibition on eating the apple444584. The following passage is taken from The Merchant of Venice. Read it carefully and find the dramatic irony it contains. Use it as an example to illustrate what dramatic irony is. (034)“Bassanio: Antonio, I am married to a wifeWhich is as dear to me as life itself;But life itself, my wife, and all world,Are not with me esteem'd above thy life;I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them allHere to this devil, to deliver you.Your wife would give you little thanks for that, Portia:If she were by to hear you make the offer.”Answer:46474849505152535455565758IV. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)85. Briefly discuss William Shakespeare's artistic achievements in characterization, plotconstruction and language.59606162636465666768697071727374757677787980811. Please state Shakespeare's views on the Renaissance literature.82- 高氯酸对阿胶进行湿法消化后, 用导数火焰原子吸收光谱技术测定阿胶中的铜、“中药三大宝, 人参、鹿茸和阿胶。