英美文学选读——Introduction

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自考《英美文学选读》（英）文艺复兴时期（4）

IV. Francis Bacon 1. ⼀般识记Brief Introduction English Renaissance philosopher， essayist， statesman， born in London， England， Jan 22，1561 and died in London， April 9 1626. One of the outstanding figures of the Renaissance， Bacon made important contributions to several fields. His chief interest were science philosophy， but he was also a distinguished man of letters & held several high governmental positions during the reign of king JamesⅠ。

He was one of the earliest & most eloquent spokesmen for experimental science. He lays the foundation for modern science with his insistence on scientific way of thinking & fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge. 2. 识记His works As an author， Bacon is most famous for his Essays， which deal with such subjects as honor， friendship， love， & riches. Written in a terse， polished style， with many learned allusions & metaphors， the essays rank with the finest in English literature. Bacon’s other important literary works include The New Atlantis， an account of an ideal society & an imaginary voyage， & The History of the Reign of King Henry Ⅶ， a perceptive psychological study of Henry’s mind & characters. His works can be divided into three groups： First group： The Advancement of Learning （1605） Novum Organum （1620）（Latin version） Second group： Essays Apophthagmes New & Old （1605） The History of the Reign of Henry Ⅶ（1622） The New Atlantis （unfinished） Third group： Maxims of Law The Learned Reading upon the Stature of Uses （1642） 3. 领会 His Major Works Essays The term "essay" was borrowed from Montaigne’s Essais， which appeared from 1580 to 1588. Bacon learned from Montaigne， the first great modern essayist， the economic & flexible way of writing. However， as a practical & prudential man， he intends to write for the ambitious Elizabethan & Jacobean youth of his class & tell them how to be efficient & make their way in public life. Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity， compactness & powerfulness. The essays are well arranged & enriched by Biblical allusions， Metaphors & cadence. 4. 领会His achievements As a literary man， Bacon is the first English essayist， whose Essays won him a high place in the history of English literature. As a philosopher， he is the founder of English materialistic philosophy. He advocates the inductive method of reasoning. In his famous plea for progress， Bacon demands three things： 1） the free investigation of nature， 2） the discovery of facts instead of the blind belief in theories 3） the verification of results by experiment rather than by argument. In our day， these are the ABC of science， but in Bacon’s time they were revolutionary， Marx called him "the real father of English materialism & experimental science of modern times in general." 5. 应⽤ Of Studies Of Studies is the most popular of Bacon’s 58 essays. It analyzes what studies chiefly serve for， the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies， & how studies exert influence over human character. Forceful & persuasive， compact & precise， Of Studies reveals to us Bacon’s mature attitude towards learning. Bacon’s language isneat， priest， & weighty. It is some what affected， like the water in the reservoir， restricted & confined. V. John Donne 1.⼀般识记 Donne & the Metaphysical Poetry John Donne： English poet & Clergyman， born in London， England， 1572， and died in London， Mar. 31 1631. Donne is the leading figure of the 17th-century "metaphysical school." His poems give a more inherently theatrical impression by exhibiting a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences & attitudes， & a free range of feelings & attitudes， & a free range of feelings & moods. The mode is dynamic rather than static， with ingenuity of speech，vividness of imagery & vitality of rhythms， which show a notable contrast to the other Elizabethan lyric poems， which are pure， serene， tuneful， & smooth running. The most striking feature of Donne’s poetry is precisely its tang of reality， in the sense that it seems to reflect life in a real rather than a poetical world. "Metaphysical Poetry" is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellions spirit， the metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan Love poetry. The diction is simple as compared with echoes the words & cadences of common speech. The imagery is drawn from the actual life. The form is frequently that of an argument with the poet’s beloved， with God， or with himself. George Herbert， Andrew Marvell， Richard Crashaw， Henry Vaughan， Abraham Cowley， & Thomas Traherne are also considered to be metaphysical poets. They wrote on a variety of religious & secular themes， & to express their ideas， they used startling， highly imaginative comparisons known as conceits. A conceit is a combination of thoughts or images that are not usually associated with one another. The finest works of the metaphysical poets combine intellectual subtlety with great emotional power. The poems reflect a broad knowledge of science， art， & other branches of learning. At the same time， metaphysical poems express an intense awareness of common human feelings & experiences， such as jealousy， the loss of religious faith， the complexities of love & the fear of death. Although the imagery of metaphysical poetry is frequently strained， the language is often as natural & direct as ordinary speech. 2.识记His major works In his life， Donne wrote a large number of poems & prose works， His poems are especially admired for their unique combination of passionate feeling & intellectual wit. Many of his poems rank with the finest in the English language. Among his most famous works are the poems Death Be Not Proud， "Go & Catch a Falling Star，" The Ecstacy， & A Valediction Forbidding Mourning. Most of The Elegies & Satires & a good many of The Songs & Sonnets were written in the early period. He wrote prose works mainly in the later period. His sermons， which are very famous， reveal his spiritual devotion to God as a passionate preacher. His works are classified as songs & sonnets， epistles， elegies， & satires. When read in chronological order， the poems reveal his development from "Gay Jack Donne，" a reckless & cynical youth， to Dean John Donne， a man devoted to God. Donne’s great prose works are his sermons， which are both rich & imaginative， exhibiting the same kind of physical vigor & scholastic complexity as his poetry. For example， the well-known Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions （1623-1624）。

Introduction to English literature英美文学选读张伯香

Test after each chapter
Assessment General performance 30%

Class attendance 40% Assignment ( class participation, homework,
presentation, book report)

Voice声音: Speaker & tone Diction Imagery Figures of speech: Simile and Metaphor Symbolism Syntax Sound: Rhyme, Alliteration头韵, Assonance腹韵 Rhyme节奏 and meter韵律
Recommended Novels for Reading
Swift’s masterpiece, it gives an unparalleled satirical depiction of the vices of his age.
an account of the process of the building of the British Empire in the 18th century; diary-like detailed description and narration;
Types of Poetry

Narrative poetry

Lyric poetry
Epic 史诗 Ballad 民谣 Romance传奇

Epigram 警句诗 Elegy 挽歌 Ode 颂 Aubade 黎明别歌 Sonnet 十四行诗

Elements of Poetry

Introduction to English literature英美文学选读张伯香

British
Literature
•
What’s Literature? The word ―literature‖ came into English from the 14th
century in the sense of polite learning through reading. Thus a man of literature, or a man of letters, meant what we would now describe as a man of wide reading. So, this word corresponds mainly to the modern meaning of the word ― literacy精通文学,有文化.‖ From the mid-18th century, literature referred to the practice and profession of writing. This appears to be closely connected with the heightened self -consciousness of the profession of authorship. Since the 19th century, literature has been the high skills of writing in the especial context of high imagination.
Recommended Novels for Reading
A Novel Without a Hero
tragic fate of a ―pure‖ young peasant woman at the time of capitalist invasion into the country in the 19th-century England

新大纲自考《英美文学选读》笔记总结-背完必过

新大纲自考《英美文学选读》笔记总结-背完必过(总65页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--《英美文学选读》笔记背完必过Part One: English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English LiteratureI Understanding and application: (理解应用)1. England’s inhabitants are Celts. And it is conquered by Romans, Anglo Saxons and Normans. The Anglo-Saxons brought the Germanic language and culture to England, while Normans brought the Mediterranean civilization, including Greek culture, Rome law and the Christian religion. It is the cultural influence of these two conquests that provided the source for the rise and growth of English literature.2. The old English literature extends from about 450 to 1066, the year of the Norman conquest of England.3. The old English poetry that has survived can be divided into two groups: The religious group and the secular one4. Beowulf: a typical example of Old English poetry is regarded as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. It is an example of the mingling of nature myths and heroic legends.5. After the Norman’s conquest, three languages co-existed in England. French is the official language that is used by king and the Norman lords. Latin is the principal tongue of church affairs and in universities. Old English was spoken only by the common English people.6. In the second half of 14th century, English literature started to flourish with the appearance of writers like Geoffrey Chaucer, William Langland, John Gower, and othersII Recite: (识记再现)1. Romance:①It uses narrative verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds is a popular literary form in the medieval period.②It has developed the characteristic medieval motifs of the quest, the test, the meeting with the evil giant and the encounter with the beautiful beloved.③The hero is usually the knight, who sets out on a journey to accomplish some missions. There are often mysteries and fantasies in romance.④Romantic love is an important part of the plot in romance.Characterization is standardized, While the structure is loose and episodic, the language is simple and straightforward.⑤The importance of the romance itself can be seen as a means of showing medieval aristocratic men and women in relation to their idealized view of the world.2. Heroic couplet:Heroic couplet is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. It is Chaucer who used it for the first time in English in his work The Legend of Good Woman.3. The theme of Beowulf:The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader. The poem is an example of the mingling of the nature myths and heroic legends.4. The Wife of Bath in The Canterbury Tales:The Wife of Bath is depicted as the new bourgeois wife asserting her independence. Chaucer develops his characterization to a higher artistic level by presenting characters with both typical qualities and individual dispositions.5. Chaucer’s achievement:①He presented a comprehensive realistic picture of his age and created a whole gallery of vivid characters in his works, especially in The Canterbury Tales.②He anticipated a new ear, the Renaissance, to come under the influence of the Italian writers.③He developed his characterization to a higher level by presenting characters with both typical qualities and individual dispositions.④He greatly contributed to the maturing of English poetry. Today, Chaucer’s reputation has beensecurely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and humanity.6. “The F ather of English poetry”:Originally, Old English poems are mainly alliterative verses with few variations.①Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace it.②In The Romaunt of the Rose (玫瑰传奇), he first introduced to the English the octosyllabic couplet (八音节对偶句).③In The Legend of Good Women, he used for the first time in English heroic couplet.④And in his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales, he employed heroic couplet with true ease and charmfor the first time in the history of English literature.⑤His art made him one of the greatest poets in English; John Dryden called him “the father of Englishpoetry”.【例题】The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________. (0704)A. William Langland’s Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower’s Confession AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight【答案】B【解析】本题考查的是中世纪时期几位诗人作品的创作主题和创作范围。

lecture 1history of english literaturecourse introduction

“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国与其他国土和领地之女王，联邦的元首”。
• １９２６年４月２１日生于伦敦，原名为伊丽莎白·亚历山德拉·玛丽 (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary)，是英国温莎王朝第四代君主、英王乔治六世的长女。
• 自幼在皇宫内接受教育，主修宪法史和法律。
• 她在历史、语言和音乐方面有造诣，能流利地讲法语、西班牙语和德语。第二次世界大战后期参加英国本土辅助部队，接受驾驶和维修摩托车的训练。
英美文学史与英美文学选读
• 英美文学选读侧重于文本的赏析，英美文学史就比较侧重于讲文学历史了，比如维多利亚时代的作家有谁谁，他们的作品风格是什么。
• 英美文学史是一门比较特殊的课程：既不是单纯的历史课，也非纯粹的文学欣赏课，它有自身特殊的教学原则和规律。
1．英美文学发展史的整体性把握和断代研究
2. Henry married the pregnant Anne Boleyn in 1533; she gave him another daughter, Elizabeth, but was executed for infidelity in May 1536.
3. He married Jane Seymour by the end of the same month, who died giving birth to Henry's lone male heir, Edward, in October 1536.
Henry VIII (Reign 1509—47)
Henry’s six marriages
1. Catherine Aragon (widow of his brother, Arthur) in 1509, divorcing her in 1533; the union produced one daughter, Mary.

英美文学选读的introduction

“这个官员预感到自己将有大难，立即逃
到了国外。”
“The writing on the wall”：a sign or warning of impending disaster（迫在眉睫的凶兆、不祥之兆）常见于新闻报道或文学读本，可追溯到《旧约·但以理书》。
Learning Strategies 《旧约》中记载：古巴比伦国王Belshazar（伯沙撒）在宫殿里设宴纵饮时，忽然看到一个神秘的手指在王宫墙上写看不懂的文字，后来，国王叫到虏囚犹太预言家Daniel（但以理）才搞明白，墙上的字表示“大难临头”。如预言所示，伯沙撒当夜被杀，新国王由玛代人大利乌继任。

---Subtitle 英文报刊文章大多数都有两个标题。文章的正标题当然重要，它一般用较大号的字体摆在首位。文章的副标题（Subtitle）用比正标题较小一些的字号摆在其下。 Eg:HOME AT LAST 副标题是：For a group of Harvard M. B. A. s, returning to China means a chance to serve the country --- and get rich
Learning Strategies
run race juice measure Speaker gunship establishment take a walk go fishing 竞选竞选神通议案议长武装直升机权势集团退党与党离心离德
Learning Strategies
还有“the finger on the wall”，同义
Learning Strategies
标题中会时常出现典故、习语 —— 使文章显得幽默、有内涵 (当然，一般都是软新闻的标题(soft news)) A Tale of Two Debtors Candidate in the wind To Save or Not to Save Do as the Maoris do Oil’s well that ends well, hopes rig chef “Walk With Lions” to come True in Kenya

自考英美文学选读要点总结第一章

Chapter I The Renaissance PeriodDefinitions of the Literary Terms: 文艺复兴时期的界定1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medie val to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14 th & 17th centuries. 历史文化背景It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture & literature. From Italy the movement went to emb race the rest of Europe. The Renaissance, which means "rebirth" or "reviva l," is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the re-discovery of ancient Roman & Greek culture, the new discoverie s in geography & astrology, the religious reformation & the economic expa nsion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in whic h the European humanist thinkers & scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that e xpressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, & to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.2. 文艺复兴到英国比较晚的原因The Renaissance was slow in reaching England not only because of England‟s separation from the Continent but also be cause of its domestic unrest. It was not until the reign of Henry VIII that the Renaissance really began to show its effect in England. With Henry VII I‟s encouragement the Oxford reformers, scholars and humanists introduc ed classical literature to England. 15th century, began the English Renaissa nce, which was perhaps England‟s Golden Age, especially in literature.人文主义H umanism: Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient author s and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its consci ous, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on s uch a conception that man is the measure of all things. Through the new l earning, humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, b ut the human values represented in the works. Renaissance humanists fou nd in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see th at human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfections, and that the world they inhabited was thei rs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizin g the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the bea uty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wond ers. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the b est representatives of the English humanists.The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimi lation.Petrarch was regarded as the fountainhead of literature by the English writ ers. For it was Petrarch and his successors who established the language o f love and sharply distinguished the love poetry of the Renaissance from it s counterparts in the ancient world . Wyatt and Surrey began engraving th e forms and graces of Italian poetry upon the native stock. While the form er introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England , the latter bought in bla nk verse. And Marlowe gave new vigor to the blank verse with his …mighty lines‟. In the early stage of the Renaissance, poetry and poetic drama we re the most outstanding literary forms and they were carried on especially by Shakespeare and Ben Jonson. The Elizabethan drama is the real main stream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Ren aissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben J onson.Please state Shakespeare‟s views on the Renaissance literature. Shakespeare has accepted the Renaissance view on literature. He holds th at literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and s hould reflect nature and reality. Based on this consideration, he has claimed trough the mouth of Hamlet that the …end‟of dramatic creation is to give faithful reflection of the social realities of the time. Shakespeare also sta tes that literary works which have truly reflected nature and reality can re ach immortality. From his sonnets, we can find quite a few examples in w hich Shakespeare sings the immortality of poetry.Ⅲ. William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare was the greatest writer of plays who ever lived. His f riend & fellow playwright Ben Jonson said that Shakespeare was "not of a n age but for all time." The 18th-century English essayist Samuel Johnson described his work as "the mirror of life." The 19th-century English poet S amuel Taylor Coleridge spoke of "myriad-minded Shakespeare." The 20th-c entury English dramatist George Bernard Shaw stressed his "enormous po wer over language."He has 38 plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.领会His Influence1) Contributions to languageMany words and commonly used phrases have been added to everyday En glish vocabulary through their appearance in Shakespeare's works.2) Effects on literatureShakespeare's plays & poetry have had a pervasive influence on world liter ature. Most of the great literary figures of the world have been inspired &stimulated by his achievement.On the whole, however, Shakespeare's contribution has been to the langua ge & spirit of later writing rather than to its form. References & parallels t o Shakespeare's phraseology have occurred in literature since the 16th cen tury.Perhaps the greatest inspiration to subsequent authors has been Shakespe are's capacity to depict life in all its complexity & to illuminate man's char acter & destiny.What did Shakespeare criticize in his plays?The conscientious playwright criticized various kinds of human vices and si ns , like greed, betrayal, pride, prejudice and deception, including acts of social inequality, sexual and racial discriminations in plays such as The Mer chant of Venice and The Tempest. In his tragedies, he condemned the hyp ocrisy, treachery and general corruption at the royal court. He does not he sitate to describe the cruelty and anti-natural character of the wars , agai nst religious persecution and the corrupting influence of money and gold. In King Lear , he criticized the bourgeois egoism while he feared anarchy, hated rebellion and despised democracy.Why is Hamlet so impressive in Shakespeare‟s Hamlet?The hero Hamlet in Shakespeare‟s plays noted for his hesitation to take hi s revenge, his melancholy nature of action only to deny possibilities to do anything. He came to know that his father was murdered by his uncle wh o became king. He hated his so deeply that he wanted to kill him. But he loved his widowed mother who later married his uncle. This made him de ep in trouble. When he planned to kill his uncle, and he was afraid to hurt his mother. And also, when everything was ready for him to kill his uncle, he forgave him for his uncle was praying to God for his crime. Thus he l ost the good chance. Hamlet represented humanism of his time.What are the main themes of Shakespeare’s plays?参考答案：Shakespeare’s plays are divided into 3 types: comedies, trage dies and historical plays.1) His historical plays are with the theme-----national unity under a might and just sovereign/ruler is necessary.2) In his romantic comedies, he takes an optimistic attitude toward love fr iendship and youth.3) In his tragedies, Shakespeare always portrays some noble heroes, who faces the injustice of life and is caught in a difficult situation and whose fa te is closely connected with the fate of his nation. Each hero has his weak ness of nature. We also see the conflict between the individual and the evi l force in the society. And his major characters are always individuals repr esenting certain types.Four periods of his dramatic career:1. The first period was one of apprenticeship. He wrote five history plays: Henry VI, Parts I, II and III, Richard III, and Titus Andronicus泰托斯*安东尼; four comedies: The Comedy of Errors, The Two Gentleman of Verona, 维罗纳二绅士The Taming of the Shrew, and Love‟s Labour‟s Lost.2. In the second period, his style and approach became highly individualiz ed. He made subtle comments on a variety of human foibles. He wrote fiv e histories: Richard II, King John, Henry IV, Part I and II, and Henry V; si x comedies: A Midsummer Night‟s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much A do About Nothing,无事生非As You Like It皆大欢喜, Twelfth Night, and The Merry Wives of Windsor; two tragedies: Romeo and Juliet and Julius Caesa r.3. His third period includes his greatest tragedies and his so-called dark c omedies: tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleo patra,安东尼与克里奥佩特拉Troilus and Cressida特洛伊勒斯与克里希达, and Cori olanus科里奥拉那斯. two comedies: All‟s Well That Ends Well终成眷属and M easure for Measure.一报还一报4. The last period includes his principal romantic tragicomedies: Pericles, 伯利克利Cymbeline,辛白林The Winter‟s Tale and The Tempest; and his two final plays: Henry VIII and The Two Noble Kinsmen.两位贵族亲戚His authen tic non-dramatic poetry consists of two long narrative poems: Venus and A donis and The Rape of Lucrece, and his sequence of 154 sonnets.Try to analyze the character Hamlet?Hamlet is neither a frail and weak minded youth nor a thoughtsick dreame r. He has none of the single minded blood lust of the earlier revengers. It is not because he is incapable of action, but because the cast of his mind is so speculative, so questioning and so contemplative that action, when i t finally comes, seems almost like defeat. Trapped in a nightmare world of spying, testing and plotting , and apparently bearing the intolerable burde n of the duty to revenge his father‟s death, Hamlet is obliged to inhabit ashadow world ,to live suspended between fact and fiction, language and ac tion. His life is one of constant role playing, examining the nature of actio n only to deny its possibility, for he is too sophisticated to degrade his n ature to conventional role of a stage revenger. By characterizing Hamlet, S hakespear successfully makes a philosophical exploration of life and death. Hamlet is also a humanist, a man who is free from medieval prejudices a nd superstitions. He has an unbounded love for the world rather than hea ven. He cherishes a profound reverence for man and a firm belief in man‟s power over destiny.Discuss his art of creations.(1)His major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they are individuals representing certain types. Each character has his or her own personalities; meanwhile, they may share features with others.(2) By applying a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in ex ploring the character‟s inner mind.(3) Shakespeare seldom invents his own plots; instead, he borrows them f rom some old plays or storybooks.(4) In his writings, disguise is also an important device to create dramatic irony, usually with woman disguised as man.(5) He often wrote skillfully in different poetic forms , like the sonnet, the blank verse, and the rhymed couplet.4. 领会His Major Works1) DramaA. The Merchant of VeniceTheme: to praise the friendship between Antonio & Bassanio, to idealize P ortia as a heroine of great beauty, wit & loyalty, & to expose the insatiabl e greed & brutality of the Jew.Plot: The play has a double plot (P39)B. HamletHamlet is generally regarded as Shakespeare's most popular play on the st age, for it has the qualities of a "blood-and-thunder" thriller & a philosophi cal exploration of life & death. And the timeless appeal of this mighty dra ma lies in its combination of intrigue, emotional conflict & searching philos ophic melancholy.C. The TempestThe Tempest, an elaborate & fantastic story, is known as the best of his fi nal romances. The characters are rather allegorical & the subject full of suggestion. The humanly impossible events can be seen occurring everywher e, in the play. The playwright resorts to the supernatural atmosphere & to the dreams to solve the conflict. To Shakespeare, the whole life is no mo re than a dream. Thus, The Tempest is a typical example of his pessimistic view towards human life & society in his late years.2) PoemsA. SonnetsThe first 126 sonnets are apparently addressed to a handsome young nobleman, presumably the author's patron. The poems express the writer's selfless but not entirely uncritical devotion to the young man.Twenty of the sonnets are about a young woman characterized as a " dark lady," whom the poet distrust but cannot resist. The poems addressed directly to her are perhaps the most remarkable in the sequence because their unsentimental tone is unlike that of traditional love sonnets.A philosophical theme that appears in many of the sonnets is that of ti me as the destroyer of all mortal things. Also expressed in the poems is t he author's disillusionment with the false ness of earthly life.The form of the poems is the English Variation of the traditional Italian, or Petrarchan, sonnet, Shakespeare's sonnets have three quatrains, or gr oups of four lines, & a final couplet. Their rhyme scheme is abab, cdcd, ef ef, gg. A theme is developed & elaborated in the quatrains, & a concluding thought is presented in the couplet.7. 应用Selected Readings1) Sonnet 18Theme: a profound meditation on the destructive power of time & the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves.Imagery: a summer's day-youththe eye of heaven-the sun2) The Merchant of VeniceTheme: To praise the friendship between Antonio & Bassanio, to idealiz e Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit & loyalty, & to expose the insati able greed and brutality of the Jew.3) HamletThis is one part of Hamlet's most famous monologue. Hamlet, facing t he dilemma of action & mind, is hesitating whether he should revenge for his father, which may bring him death, or he should suffer & hide his hatr ed for his uncle in his deep heart, which may secure his life.Ⅵ. John MiltonAccording to the setting of the poem Paradise Lost , discuss the theme, th e author‟s intention to create it and the implication that the poem express es.(1)The theme of the poem Paradise Lost is the …Fall of Man‟, i.e. man‟s dis obedience and the loss of Paradise, with its prime cause-----Satan.(2)The author‟s intention to write this poem is to expose the ways of Sata n and to …justify th ways of God to men‟.(3)In this poem, the author implicitly expresses his fundamental concern w ith freedom and choice and his belief that the unquestionable truth of Bibli cal revelation means that an all knowing God was just in allowing Adam a nd Eve to be tempted and of their free will choose sin and its inevitable p unishment.1.一般识记Brief IntroductionJohn Milton, English poet & prose writer, born in London, England, Dec. 9, 1608, and died in London, Nov 8, 1674.Milton was one of the greatest poets in the English language & one of the towering figures in all literature. His masterpiece, Paradise Lost, is con sidered the unsurpassed English epic poem. It is a powerfully imaginative & dramatic work, based in part on the Biblical story of the temptation & fa ll of Adam & Eve in the Garden of Eden. Milton, a deeply religious man, w rote the epic " to justify the ways of God to men." He is also famous for his graceful lyric poems, such as Lycidas, L'Allegro, & for his intensely mo ving sonnets.Milton was a great master of language, & his poetry, both epic & lyric, is admired for its sublime eloquence & rich musical quality.2. 识记His literary achievementsMilton's literary achievements can be divided into three groups: the ea rly poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets & the last great poems.In his early works, Milton appears as the inheritor of all that was best in Elizabethan literature. Lycidas (1637) is a typical example, dedicated to Edward King, a fellow undergradu ate of Milton‟s at Cambridge. The poem moves from a sad apprehension of death, through regret, to passionate qu estioning, rage, sorrow & acceptance. The feelings begin in a low key but move on to the large questions of divine justice & human accountability. T he climax of the poem is the blistering attack on the clergy, i.e. the "Shep herds," who are corrupted by self-interest.All of Milton's early works reflect his interest in Greek & Latin poetry, whi ch greatly influenced his style. His poems contain a wealth of classical refe rences, figures of speech, & other poetic devices, all masterfully blended in to his rich verse.Areopagitica is probably his most memorable prose work. It is a great plea for freedom of the press.After the Restoration in 1660, Milton was imprisoned. His release was brought about mainly through the efforts of his friends, notably the poet Andrew Marwell, After that time he devoted himself to his 3 major poetical works: Paradise Lost (1667), Paradise Regained (1671), & Samson Agonis tes (1671).(1)Paradise LostIt is the greatest , indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in Eng lish literature since Beowulf, and the last one is the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English. It is a lone epic divid ed in 12 books.“man shall find grace.”But he must lay hold of it by an act of free wil l. The freedom of the will is the keystone of Milton‟s creed.(2)Paradise Regained(3)Samson AgonistesMilton again borrows his story from the Bible. But this time he turns t o a more vital and personal theme.。

英美文学选读教案之一

英美文学选读教案之一英美文学选读教案之一这是我这学期上课的教案,自己觉的参考价值不像文学史教案那么高,但是也更新上来吧,对我的学生来说,上课有笔记没记上的也可以参考,我选用的教材是中国对外翻译出版公司出版的`《英美文学选读（增订版）》吴翔林编注。

Lecture 1 William Shakespeare 1. Introduction of the course (1) This course is called Selected Readings in English and American Literature, a compulsory course for you. It will be finished in 12 weeks. And in each week we’ll meet each other two times. (2) In this course, you will have to read some original works taken from English and American classics. It may be a little bit difficult for you. However, it’s also a chance for you to know some great treasury in world literature and I’ll help you understand them. (3)Comparing with the literary history courses, this course mainly focuses on original productions. The course book is a nice one with classical works and detailed notes. (4) For the final test, 10% will be decided by your attendance, 20% by your homework and 70% by the test paper. About the homework, after we finish each writer, I’ll give you a name list of recommended works written by the writer. In the whole semester, you should choose at least one piece of English writer’s works and one piece of A merican writer’s works recommended by me. And then you should write a small paper on the piece of works you chose. That means you should turn in two papers in the whole semester. (5) A very important suggestion: preview the productions before the class; ot herwise it’ll be very difficult for you to catch me in the class. 2. William Shakespeare (1564 – 1616) (1) Historical Background A. Queen Elizabeth I: a powerful England with the fast development of capitalism B. Renaissance:an intellectual movement sprung first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Another is the humanism, which means the new feeling of admiration for human beauty and human achievement. C. Shakespeare lived in such a period and also such a period made him the most famous and most important English writer. (2) Life (Read paragraph 1 and 2 on page 1 after class. These two paragraphs are the introduction of t he great writer’s life.) A. His complete works include 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnets. B. He is mainly famous for his great plays, especially the outstanding “Four Great Tragedies”. (“Hamlet”, “King Lear”, “Othello” and “Macbeth”) He is also t he author of some other famous plays, such as “Romeo and Juliet”, but today we’ll learn the excerpt from one of his great comedies –“The Merchant of Venice”, which we’ll talk about a little bit later. C. Shakespeare’s sonnets are also very good. We’ll fir st introduce Sonnet 18, the most famous sonnet written by Shakespeare. (3) Sonnet 18 A. A sonnet is a lyric poem consisting of a single stanza of fourteen iambic pentameter lines linked by an intricate rhyme scheme. It was introduced to England from Italy by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. (It is a very popular poem form and used widely in English literature. In the Elizabeth era, Edmund Spenser was also famous for his sonnets. And later, John Milton, Byron and Keats all contributed excellent sonnets.) B. Though the sonnet is a fixed form, but the rhyme scheme of the sonnet is not fixed. (few minutes for students to find out this poem’s rhyme scheme.) Answer: abab cdcd efef gg. This is a typical rhyme scheme used by Shakespeare in all his sonnets. C. Explain the poem sentence by sentence.temperate: moderate or mild; rough winds: strong winds; darling: lovely; lease: 租约；complexion: appearance; dim: darken with cloud; brag: boast; D.(discuss) Theme: expressing the deep love to his friend (4) The Merchant of Venice A. Famous comedy written by Shakespeare in his youth B. Setting: Venice, the Middle Age C. Characters: Bassanio, Antonio, Shylock, Portia (let students discuss the characters) Portia: Shakespeare’s ideal woman, beautiful, intelligent, cultured, gracious, independent, a daughter of Renaissance Shylock: most successful character, a Jew, a greedy and merciless usurer and also a victim of racial discrimination and religious persecution (sympathy) D. Plot: Read the introduction from P3 to P4. E. (Discuss)Theme: Mercy wins over malice. F. The selection is the most famous scene of the whole play and also the climax of the play. (Ask students to read it thoroughly after the class.) In the class, we’ll learn a short part taken from the scene. (P10 to P11, the famous statement about mercy made by Portia) G. (the last but not least) form of the play: verse drama written in blank verse mostly blank verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter. Soon after blank verse was introduced by Henry Howard, Earl of Su rrey in his translation of Virgil’s works, it became the standard meter for Elizabethan and later poetic dramas and some poets, such as John Milton, also employed this form to write their long poems. (5) Recommended Reading Sonnet 29; Sonnet 73; Sonnet 116; Four great tragedies; Romeo and Juliet; A Midsummer Night’s Dream 3. Homework 1. Preview the next chapter about John Milton. 2. Find out the form and rhyme scheme of the poem “To Cyriack Skinner” on P23. 英美文学选读教案之二 Lecture 2 John Milton (1608 – 1674) (Comparing with William Shakespeare, few people read his great productions today. However, he is also a classical writer in EnglishLiterature.) 1. Historical Background (Discussion: Any important event happened during Milton’s life time in Britain?) Englis h Bourgeois Revolution The conflicts between King (James I and then Charles I) and the Parliament Profound conflicts: the Old Feudalism and New Capitalism In religion: The Anglican Church and the Puritan The consequence of those contradictions: the Civil War (1642 –1649) The King was executed in 1649 and monarchy was abolished. Oliver Cromwell’s dictatorship (1649 –1660) The Restoration: Charles II and then James II Glorious Revolution (1688) 2. Life born in a rich and cultured family –handsome and hardworking –graduated from Cambridge University and got master degree –six years’ private study and the most knowledgeable poet in Britain – writing pamphlets for the Commonwealth –blind in 1652 –arrested and fined after restoration –produced three great poems in plain life Most important works –three great poems: Paradise Lost (1667); Paradise Regained (1671); Samson Agonistes (1671) (poetic drama) Besides three great poems in his late years, he also wrote some excellent sonnets including the one we’ll l earn today. 3. To Cyriack Skinner (Ask the questions of homework) (Answer: Sonnet; abba abba cdcdcd) (1) Form: Sonnet (2) Rhyme scheme: abba abba cdcdcd (different with William Shakespeare’s sonnets) (3) Explain the poem sentence by sentence (4) (Discussio n) Theme: the author’s positive attitude towards his blindness (another sonnet on blindness seems more discouraged.) 4. Paradise Lost (《失乐园》) (1) Milton’s masterpiece; greatest epic written in the English language *epic （史诗）: it is a long verse narrative on a serious subject, told in a formal and elevated style, and centered on a heroic or quasi-divine figure on whose actions depends the fate of a tribe, anation, or the human race. Notice the differences between traditional epics and literary epics. Paradise Lost is a literary epic.(2) It’s a long epic including 12 books. The plot is taken from the Old Testament of Holy Bible. *Holy Bible对于理解西方文化最重要的经典，分为《旧约》(The Old Testament)和《新约》(The New Testament)两部分，这两部分写于不同的时期，而且使用的文字不同，《旧约》主要用希伯莱语写成，《新约》则用希腊文写成。

《英美文学选读》复习指导资料

《英美文学选读》复习指导资料《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一．课程介绍：本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。

主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。

文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度，简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响，主要作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。

选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品，包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。

二．《英美文学选读》的考核目标，按照识记，领会，应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。

三个层次呈递进关系，其含义是：识记：有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会：在识记的基础上，能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别应用了在领会的基础上，能运用本课程的基本理论，基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品，并能用英语正确表达。

Part 1 English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature一．重点：有关这部分的文学史内容1．古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2．英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf3．中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance4．Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献二．练习：1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, theyear of ______.A. Old----RenaissanceB. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of EnglandC. Middle ---- RenaissanceD. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England2).. The Medieval period in English literature extends from 1066 up to the______ century.A. mid-13thB. mid-14thC. mid-15thD.mid-16th3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as thenational ______ of the Anglo-Saxons.A. sonnetB. essayC. epicD. novel4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. William Langland5). For the Renaissance, ______ was regarded as the English Homer. His reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and ______.A. Geoffrey Chaucer----witsB. William Shakespeare----witsC. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanityD. WilliamShakespeare----humanity6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______.A. Old English, Greek, LatinB. Old English, French, LatinC. Old English, Greek, FrenchD. English, Greek, French7). Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of the Medieval period in English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______.A. coupletB. blank verseC. heroic coupletD. epic8). Thematically the poem “Beowulf” presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______.A. spiritual----heroB. natural----leaderC. spiritual----godD. natural----monster9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come.A. manB. theoryC. doctrineD. era10). Geoffrey Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse.A. rhymedB. alliterativeC. socialD. visionary2. Explain the following literal terms.1). Romance2). Heroic Couplet3). Epic3. Answer the following questions.1). How many groups do the Old English poetry divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why?2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature?Chapter1. The Renaissance Period一．重点前言部分1．文艺复兴的起源，起始时间，内容及特征2．人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3．文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习：Renaissance Period1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The Renaissance, in essence, is a historical period in which the European______ thinkers and scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.A. Greek and RomanB. humanistC. religiousD. loyal2). Generally, the ______ refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.A. Medieval PeriodB. RenaissanceC. Old English PeriodD. Romantic Period3). ______ is the essence of the Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists.A. Humanity---- William ShakespeareB. Humanism-----Francis BaconC. Humanity---- Geoffrey ChaucerD. Humanism----William Shakespeare4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and ______.A. novel--- Geoffrey ChaucerB. poetry----Francis BaconC. drama----Ben JonsonD. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things.A. Roman ---- moralB. French---- reasonC. Roman---- manD. French---- God6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that people could understand.A. LatinB. FrenchC. GreekD. Anglo-Saxon7). Wyatt, in the Renaissance period, introduced the Petrarchan ______ into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse.A. drama----freeB. sonnet----blankC. terzarima----blankD. couplet----free8). In the early stage of the English Renaissance, poetry and ______ were the most outstanding forms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.A. fictionB. dramatic fictionC. poetic dramaD. novel9). By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.A. humanistsB. ProtestantsC. CatholicsD. playwrights10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science inEngland.A. Edmund SpenserB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Ben Jonson2. Explain the following literal terms.1). the Renaissance Period2). blank verse3). Humanism3. Answer the following questions.1). Make a comment on the influence of Italian literary works upon the literature in the Renaissance England.2). Make a comment on humanism3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England?文艺复兴时期的主要作家。

英美文学选读

History of English Literature
PartⅠ: Early and medieval English literature PartⅡ: The English Renaissance Part Ⅲ: The period of the English bourgeois revolution Part Ⅳ: The eighteenth century Part Ⅴ: Romanticism in England Part Ⅵ: English critical realism Part Ⅶ: Prose-writers and poets of the mid and late 19th century Part Ⅷ: Twentieth century English literature
Contents: Beginning and ending with the funeral of a great
king, and composed against a back ground of impending disaster, ―Beowulf‖ describes the exploits of a Scandinavian culture hero, Beowulf, in destroying the monster Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and a firebreathing dragon.

What is the significance of ―Beowulf‖?
(see the textbook)
What is an epic?
Epic is one of the ancient types of poetry and plays a very important role in Early development of literature and civilization. An epic is a long narrative poem of great scale and grandiose style about the heroes who are usually warriors or even demigods. The epic deals with noble characters and heroic deeds. Basically, the epic is a story about hero. Meanwhile, it incorporates myth, legend and folk tale. More Significantly, it reflects national history. An epic is more cultural than literary. There are two kinds of epic, the primitive and the literary epics. The primitive epic belongs to the oral tradition. ―Iliad,‖ ―Odyssey‖ and ―Beowulf‖ are primitive epics. Literary epics are the results of improvement by literary men on the existent works. ―Paradise Lost‖ belongs to this kind. The term ―epic‖ is also applied to works that do not treat heroic deeds or national history, but that have some qualities embodied by true epics, namely, coverage of vast space, concentration on characters and unusual happenings. In this sense, ―Divine Comedy,‖ ―Faerie Queene,‖ Moby Dick, War and Peace can be taken as epics. (《文学导论》，邵锦娣，白劲鹏编著，上海外语教育出版社，347-348页。）

《英美文学选读》课程教学大纲

《英美文学选读》课程教学大纲课程编号：100187英文名：Selected Readings in British and American Literature课程类别：专业主干课前置课: 英美文学导论学分：3学分课时：54课时主讲教师：冯建文选定教材：王守仁，《英国文学选读》,高等教育出版社，2001年。

陶洁，《美国文学选读》，高等教育出版社，2001年。

课程概述：《英美文学选读》课程的教学内容是根据本课程的性质、学习目的以及英语专业高年级教学的特点确定的。

本课程主要内容包括英国和美国文学史上代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。

结合英国和美国文学各个历史断代的主要历史背景，文学文化思潮和流派，社会政治、经济、文化等对英国和美国文学史上最具有影响、最具有代表性的作家的作品中的艺术特色、主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格和思想意义等进行深入地分析。

教学目的：《英美文学选读》是英语语言文学专业本科四年级学生的选修课程，是为培养理解和鉴赏英国和美国文学原著的能力而设置的一门专业理论课程。

设置本课程旨在使学生在掌握英国和美国文学源流和发展的基础之上，通过阅读具有代表性的英国和美国文学作品，理解作品的内容，学会分析作品的艺术特色并努力掌握正确评价文学作品的标准和方法，增强对作品中表现的社会生活和人物感情的理解，提高语言基本功和阅读文学作品的能力和鉴赏水平。

教学方法：课堂讲授和研讨相结合，教师布置学生课前对作家生平和历史背景进行研究，并向学生提供参考书目和相关网站；课堂上进行重点阅读和分析；组织课堂讨论，鼓励新视角和新思维；并通过影视、多媒体等手段辅助教学，在期中和期末布置学期论文和考查来检验教学效果。

各章教学要求及教学要点(加星号*为重点内容)英国文学部分第一章：Early And Medieval English Literature教学要求：细读英国伟大诗人乔叟的代表作品《坎特伯雷故事集》的节选，分析其主要语言和叙事特色，解读作品中反映出的中世纪的宗教、政治、经济和市民生活等诸多方面的问题。

英美散文选读introduction

Unit 14 A Rose for Emily
Unit 15 Salvation Unit 16 Mother Tongue
Presentation
Requirements: 2 students each time no more than 5 pages of powerpoints show us some of your favorite quotes (should be quoted from English literary works) tell us why you like them (relate to your life experience)
essay
Object of essay: common readers (defined by Virginia Woolf) “他们为愉悦而读，丌为传授知识或批评指点。” Role of essay:
entertain argue a point express personal feelings render an aesthethetic effect
References
The Norton Anthology of English Literature 1,2, W.W.Norton & Company, Inc. 1989. The Norton Antholody of American Literature 1,2, W.W.Norton & Company, Inc. 1989. 黄源深. 英国散文选读 [I]. 上海：上海外语教育出版社，2007. 马爱华赵永青赵忠德张雪井卫华. 英语散文选读[I]. 北京：北京大学出版社，2006. 杨岂深杨自伍. 英美名篇选[I]. 上海：上海译文出版社，2009. 高健. 美国散文精选[I]. 上海：上海译文出版社，2010.

Introduction英美文学

VI. The Victorian Age (1840—1890)
Queen Victoria (1837—1901) humanitarian reforms Restraint
■ Novel—Critical Realism (Chartist Movement) (1840s—1850s) ◇ Dickens ◇Jane Austen ◇The Bronte Sisters ■ Poetry ◇ Alfred Tennyson
Importance of Literature
Literature preserves the ideals of a people All our arts, our sciences, even our inventions are founded squarely upon ideals. Literature is the study of man.
Basic Quality of Literature
Artistic quality imaginative writing using language in peculiar ways Suggestive quality Permanent quality University Originality (Personal style)
Target of this Course
Selected Readings Comprehension Appreciation Evaluation
The Frame of British Literature
I. The Anglo-Saxon Age (449—1066)—Old Literature from Northern Europe Dark Ages Their arts, crafts ◇ The epic: Beowulf

《英美文学选读》教学大纲剖析

《英美文学选读》课程教学大纲一、基本信息课程编号：10601100460课程名称：英美文学选读英文名称：Selective Reading of British and American Literature课程性质：必修课总学时：32 学分： 2理论学时：32 实验学时： 0实践学时：0 指导自学学时：9适用专业：英语专业适用层次：本科先修课程：英语国家概况，英语精读承担院部：人文学院学科组：英语专业学科组二、课程介绍（一）课程目标及地位1．该课程设置的主要目的（依据就业岗位需要阐述）；本课程目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力,掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。

同时，通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高。

2．该课程在整个专业课程体系中的地位；国家教育部2000年3月批准颁布并实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》明确地得知英语专业课程可以设置为三大模块。

1.职业技能（听、说、读、写、译）；2. 职业知识（包括语言学、文学、英美概况等课程）；3. 相关职业知识（包括涉外文秘、外交学概论、东西方政治经济学、商务和金融财会管理等课程）。

这三大模块应该是一个有机整体，绝不是将其中的一块用另一块来替代。

新教学大纲的颁布确立了英美文学教学在英语专业教学中的地位。

3．该课程在专业学习目标中的作用以及该课程与前后课程的联系。

《英美文学选读》是英语专业的一门主干和核心课程，通过文学阅读与体验促进学生的语言知识学习和英语技能训练，增强学生对西方文化的了解，提高学生的思辨创新能力。

本课程是大三年级开设的专业课程，需要学生在基础阶段的课程（《精读》、《听力》等）学习中打下扎实的语言基本功以及一定的人文素养，为本课程的学习奠定坚实的基础。

（二）教学基本要求本课程旨在使学生对英美两国文学形成与发展的全貌有一个大概的了解；并通过阅读与分析具有代表性的英美文学作品，达到以下教学目标：1.思想道德与职业素养目标：通过文学阅读，理解文学作品中的人物品质与主题内涵，并能够结合实际生活，塑造良好的思维特质与情感维度以及人文素养。

英美文学选读_详细笔记

1 Part 1: English Literature An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature 1、the early inhabitants：Celts. 2、三次外族的入侵及其影响：①the Romans 对英国没什么影响。

——远古时期②Anglo-Saxsons brought the Germanic language（现代英语的基础）and culture （特别的诗歌传统）。

——上古时期③The Normans brought the fresh wave of Mediterranean civilization （希腊文化、罗马法律和基督教）。

——中古时期Ⅰ. Old English Literature（Anglo Saxson 文明时期奴隶社会）1、英国文学史上的上古时期始于公元450 年，止于1066 年，即诺曼底征服英国的那一年。

2、这一时期是Anglo-Saxson 文明兴盛的时期。

3、The poetic tradition was both bold and strong（粗犷豪勇）, mournful and elegiac(悲情哀婉) in spirit. 有两大类：①The religious group：mainly on biblical(圣经的) themes.如：a)《创世纪甲本》（Genesis A）、《创世纪乙本》、《出埃及记》(Exodus)来自the Old Testament。

b) the Dream of the Rood （十字架）来自the New Testment。

②The secular（世俗的）group：Beowulf 和众多短篇抒情诗。

lyrical poems 唤起了撒克逊人对环境的严酷及人类的不幸命运的感知。

语气和基调深受北海恶劣气候的影响，生活惨淡无望，带有大量宿命论的成分，尽管同时显得勇敢而坚定。

美国文学Introduction

Introduction to the CourseI. Course Objectives1. 历史背景Enable the Ss to get a general knowledge about the history of America;2. 文学运动Enable the Ss to know the four literary periods and literary movements in American literary history;3. 作家作品赏析Enable the Ss to know the background, representative writers and their works of each period in American literary history4. 文学批评Literary criticismEnable the Ss to appreciate a literary work from different perspectivesII. How to study literature?1. Historical ApproachAims at illustrating the historical development of literature.2. Thematic Approach“What is the story, the poem, the play or the essay about?”2. Analytical ApproachBe familiar with the elements of a literary work, eg: plot, characterization, setting, subject matter, writing style, point of view, etc; answer some basic questions about the text itself.III.Modes of teaching and learning1. Lectures2. Study groups: 12-15 Study groups, 4 students in 1 group and each group is responsible for one writerOral presentation and a nswer teacher’s questions in classWrite down the answers to the questions from the teacher and other groups and tell the answers to the students in the next classWrite an essay on the writer or his novels as part of your mid-term exam (one group, one essay) (at least 800 words ) and answer the questions raised from the teacher on the basis of the paper.IV. Grade determinant1. In-class performance Attendance 20%Absent -5, late and ill -3Study groups: answer questions of the teacher and the other groupsQuiz2. Mid-term test 20%Essay3. Final exam: Close-book test 60%Types of examination-Matching the authors with their works-Multiple choice questions-True and false statements-Defining the literary terms or answering questions-Analyzing the theme, characters and language of a selected readingV. Reference book1. Course Book: 曹曼. 美国文学教程2. Reference Books:[1] 常耀信. 美国文学选读[Z]. 天津：南开大学出版社，1991.[2] 常耀信. 美国文学简史[Z]. 天津：南开大学出版社，1990.[3]吴定柏. 美国文学大纲[Z]. 上海：上海教育出版社，1998[4]吴伟仁编. 美国文学史及选读（第1、2册）[Z]. 北京：外研社[5] 童明. 美国文学史外研社3. Journals:《外国文学评论》《外国文学研究》《外国文学》《当代外国文学》《国外文学》4. 其他外语类核心期刊Introduction to American literature1. Ten American Writers winning the Nobel Prize for Literature Sinclair Lewis (1930) Eugene O’Neill(1936)Pearl Buck(1938) T.S.Eliot (1948)William Faulkner (1949) Ernest Hemingway (1954)John Steinbeck (1962) Saul Bellow (1976)Isaac Bashevis Singer辛格( 1978) Tony Morrison (1993)2. The classification of different periods1. Colonial PeriodPuritans; Practical2. The Romantic AgeConfident; divine3. The Age of RealismRealistic, mirror the life 4. The Modern Age The war of independence1776-1783 The civil war:1861-1865WWІ: 1914-1918WWП:1939-1945Disappointed; innerAppendix 1:I. Colonial Period (1620-1800) 殖民地时期文学✓John Smith约翰.史密斯II. Revolutionary Period (1765—1800) 独立革命时期文学✓Benjamin Franklin 富兰克林III. The Age of Romanticism (1800—1865) 浪漫主义文学 Early Romanticism早期浪漫主义文学✓Washington Irving 欧文✓James Fenimore Cooper 库伯✓Edgar Allan Poe 坡Transcendentalism 超验主义✓Ralph Waldo Emerson 爱默生✓Henry David Thoreau 梭罗✓Nathanial Hawthorne 霍桑✓Herman Melville 麦尔维尔Transitional period浪漫主义和现实主义转型时期✓Walt Whitman 惠特曼✓Emily Dickinson 狄金森IV. The Age of Realism (1865—1918)现实主义文学Local Colorism乡土文学✓Mark Twain 马克.吐温International novel 国际题材小说✓Henry James 亨利.詹姆斯Naturalism 自然主义✓Theodore Dreiser 德莱塞V. American Modernism (1918—1945) 现代主义文学 Imagism 意象派✓Ezra Pound 庞德the Jazz Age 爵士乐时代✓Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald 菲茨杰拉德 The Lost Generation迷惘的一代✓Ernest Hemingway 海明威American Drama 美国戏剧Expressionism 表现主义✓Eugene O’Neil奥尼尔The Great Depression 大萧条✓John Steinbeck 斯坦贝克Southern literature✓William Faulkner 福克纳Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德.安德森Robert Frost 弗罗斯特VI. American Literature after WW II 二战后文学Black Humor黑色幽默✓Joseph Heller 约瑟夫.海勒Harlem Renaissance 哈莱姆文艺复兴✓Langston Hughes 兰斯顿.休斯the Feminist Writers 女性文学I. Writer作家：life生平works作品artistic features艺术特点style风格，language语言风格，tone基调，setting场景，subject matter题材，characterization人物刻画，theme主题II .Literary movement文学时期：Historical background 历史背景Sources 思想来源Artistic features 艺术特点representatives代表人物I. New criticism新批评II .Structuralism 结构主义批评III. Psychoanalytic criticism 精神分析批评IV. Feministic criticism 女性批评V. Deconstruction 解构主义批评American Literature Study Groups1.Washington IrvingThe Devil and Tom W alkerRip V an Winkle___________ ______________________ ___________2.Edgar Allan PoeThe Masque of the Red Death Gothic novel___________ ______________________ ___________3.ThoreauW alden___________ ______________________ ___________4.Nathaniel HawthorneThe Scarlet LetterSalem Witchcraft Trial___________ ______________________ ___________5.Mark TwainThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Local Colorism___________ ______________________ ___________6.Henry JamesThe Portrait of a LadyPeriodic sentence___________ ______________________ ___________7.Theodore DreiserSister CarrieThe survival of the fittest___________ ______________________ ___________ 8.Ezra Poundhaiku___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 9.Robert Frost Synecdoche___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 10.Sherwood Anderson MotherFreud’s id, ego and superego ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 11.Francis FitzgeraldThe Great Gatsby Fitzgerald’s marriage life___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 12.Ernest HemingwayThe Old Man and the Sea Iceberg theory___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 13.Eugene O’NeillThe Hairy Ape Expressionism___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ 14.William FaulknerThe BearStream of consciousness___________ ___________ ___________ ___________Requirements for American Literature course paper●Grading standard1. Content 70Originality 20 + logic 20 + language 302. Form 20word number : no more and no less than 1000－1300. 10’Typography 10’3. Teamwork 10●Content1. Writer作家Life (education, marriage, family) and his writing style2. Works作品Theme, subject matter, point of view, language, characterization, style 3. Literary Movement 流派Romanticism in Poe’s Novels4. Comparison and Contrast对比Chinese and American；works of one writer；Influence5. Literary Criticism文学批评New Criticism, F eminism, Structuralism, Psychoanalytic analysis…●FormStudy Group numbers__________ __________ __________ __________ Class______ Score: __________ Analysis of Huck Finn’s Inner Struggle1. Introduction（简述作家作品的地位，选题的意义，论文的内容）2. (Body) Huck’s Inner Struggle （no less than 700字）2.1. Outer forces2.1.1. Forces of social morality2.1.2. Forces of religious belief2.2. Inner forces2.2.1. Forces of humanity and conscience2.2.1. Forces of affection3. Conclusion（总结论文的结论）Bibliography附录：Typography 排版要求：1. 英语字体一律用Times New Roman, 12号字。

英美文学选读课lectureone

•It’s a truism that there are only two basic plots in fiction: one, somebody takes a trip; two, a stranger comes to town. (Lee Smith, New York Times Book Review)
The Enlightenment (18th century)
The 17th Century
The AngloNorman (1066-
1350)
The AngloSaxon (449-
1066)
The Purposes of This Course
•Make students get a clear picture of the development of English literature
Resolution
•Resolution is the final stage of plot. It draws the action to a close and accounts for all remaining loose ends.
Characterization
•Characterization• Methods of
A General Description
•You will study the eight periods in English literary history
•You will have a very hard time! •You will learn to appreciate
literature, learn to make criticism and even learn to write a small critical essay!

第一课：英美报刊选读introduction

Format
Most modern newspapers are in one of three sizes:
• Broadsheets: 600 mm by 380 mm (23½ by 15 inches), generally associated with more intellectual newspapers, although a trend towards "compact" newspapers is changing this. • Tabloids: half the size of broadsheets (15 by 11¾ inches), and often perceived as sensationalist in contrast to broadsheets. Examples include The Sun, The National Enquirer, The Star Magazine, New York Post, the Chicago Sun-Times, The Globe. • Berliner, or "midi", is a newspaper format with pages normally measuring about 470 × 315 mm (18.5 × 12.4 in). The Berliner format is slightly taller and marginally wider than the tabloid/compact format; and is both narrower and shorter than the broadsheet format. The Berliner format is used by many European newspapers

Introduction(英国文学部分)

Octavio Paz (b. 1914), Mexican poet
☞ Literature is a toil and a snare, a curse that bites deep.
D.H. (David Herbert) Lawrence (1885–1930), British author
The Age of Chaucer (1343-1400):
The Period of Renaissance (1485-1603)
(The 16th-Century English Literature) :
｛
ⅰ Thomas More, “Utopia” ⅱ The Age of Shakespeare
Q3: What Do We Read for in Western Literature ? Level 1
For emotional satisfaction
To the readers of this level, novels are recreational and therapeutic.
Level 3
For rhetoric and philology (linguistics):
Readers at this level do not allow themselves to be passively manipulated by either moving plots or fascinating characters. Instead, they have an awareness of how authors manipulated readers, of what the mode of narration is, of who the speaker is and what the benefit of the choice is.