研究生学位英语翻译汇总
研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit3
Unit3 美国人的酷爱1 我父亲是别克人。
在经济大萧条以前，他本是史达兹人。
然而，就像成千上万经济状况处于上升阶段的有车族一样，那场可悲的经济逆转使他们非得调整对汽车的胃口不可。
到他死的时候，他开过的那些别克轿车就不只是普通意义上的交通工具了，而且将父亲定位于这样的社会阶层——比庞蒂亚克人富有，但比不上克迪拉克人。
拥有别克轿车让人一看便知父亲的社会地位。
与别克人相当的还有福特人和克莱斯勒人。
2 我们美国人与汽车的特殊缘分，其坚实的基础就在于对一种轿车品牌的忠诚，这种忠诚因其来之不易而倍受珍惜。
·这就是爱吗?也许用词过分，可美国人对这些机器的尊重甚过所有其他机器——不仅将它们视为20世纪雕塑大观中的标志，而且还将它们视为社会的护身符。
我记忆中的第一辆别克车是一辆闪闪发亮的黑色轿车，椅子的衬垫是厚厚的马海毛，离合器拉杆是新式的。
我父亲爱吹嘘说这辆车一小时能跑120英里。
一想到这样的速度就会令男人们兴奋不已。
我照着家里的菲尔可牌收音机盒里播出的格林，霍利特驾驶的那个神秘机器的名字，给这头漂亮的牲口取了个名副其实的绰号——黑美驹。
3 20世纪中，电话、电视或者个人电脑，这一切都使人类环境发生了巨大变化。
然而，与电话、电视、电脑不同的是，汽车却享有人格化的地位。
有些汽车可以成为家庭成员，机械宠物。
我们给汽车起名字，在自己家的车道上精心打扮汽车，在汽车不能满足我们的需要时诅咒它们。
在折旧换新之时为旧车的离去而悲哀。
4 人们对汽车的热爱让环境保护者、安全为重的倡导者以及社会工程师们感到不安。
他们认为通往人间天堂的道路应该到处都铺设公交运输所必备的发亮轨道。
他们想象着我们加入未来拥挤不堪的自行车行列，而不是像一位激动不已的评论家所预见的那样，坐在“傲慢的双轮马车”方向盘后。
这种态度不是现在才有的。
首先是铁路，接着是汽车造成的人口流动早已使得守旧的特权阶层感到不安。
在战场上有过辉煌，但却以鄙视下层民众而出名的威林顿公爵在150年前就曾反对英国发展铁路，这是因为火车只会怂恿普通人毫无意义地到处走动。
研究生学位英语英译汉部分
全部英译汉翻译Unit one1、That story brings a smile, because it pokes fun at a common type of self-defeatist thinking这个故事让我发笑，因为这个故事它讽刺了普遍存在的悲观者的思维方式。
2、If those thoughts spell gloom and doom, that’s where you’re headed, because put-down words sabotage confidence instead if offering support and encouragement. 如果这些想法意味着黑暗或毁灭，那么你就会走向黑暗和毁灭，因为贬低的话语使人丧失信心而不是给人以支持与勇气。
3、hearing her fears and foreboding read out loud made sue realize how much energy she was squandering on imagined catastrophes. If you’ve been feeling down, it could be you’re sending yourself negative message too. Listen to the words churning inside your head. Repeat them aloud or write them down, if that will help capture them.听到自己的恐惧和不祥的感觉被说出来，使苏意识到她在那些虚构的灾难上浪费了如此多的精力。
如果你感觉不好，是你在给自己传递消极的信息。
倾听你的想法。
大声地重复或者写下来，假如这样做有助于能捕获到它们的话。
4、By isolating negative words and phrases ,you can pinpoint the damage you’re doing to yourself .For Fran and Mark ,the culpritswere only and just . Once those words are eliminated ,there’s nothing destructive about saying ,‖I’m a salesman‖ or ―I’m secretary. ‖ both statements open doors to positive follow-ups, such as ,‖I’m on my way up the ladder.‖将那些有害的词汇和句子分离出来，你能确定你自己对自己造成的伤害，对他们来说，罪魁祸首就是―只不过‖、―仅仅‖这两个词汇。
研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit4
Unit4 无子女家庭：亘古生息的反叛1二十好几的凯茜、韦恩夫妇结婚已有五年之久，膝下犹虚。
上次凯茜娘家有一个人问：“你们打算什么时候要孩子?”她答道：“我们就是孩子!”2凯茜与韦恩属于一代人数日益增长、决定不要孩子的年轻已婚夫妇群体。
最近一项调查显示在过去的五年中，年龄在25至29岁之间妇女不愿生养的百分比几乎翻了一番，在18至24岁的已婚妇女中几乎增至三倍。
在这个似乎大胆反抗生物性和社会性的决定后面隐藏着什么原因呢?3或许最能公开坦陈心曲的无子女夫妇是《婴儿陷阱》一书的作者：埃伦，派克，其夫威廉，一位广告总经理兼全国不生养夫妇协会主席。
派克夫妇认为他们和协会均无意反对生儿育女，不过是反对迫使人们传宗接代的社会压力，它无视人们是否殷切盼望和真的需要孩子或者根本不好此道。
4“这是一种生活方式的选择，”埃伦说，“我们选择自由和自愿，清净和闲暇。
这也是一个朝哪个方向付出努力的问题——在你自己的小家庭之内或在一个大的社团之中。
这一代人面临有关地球生命延续的严重问题以及生命质量的问题。
我们的孙男孙女也许将购票去观赏最后一批红松林或排队去获取氧气配给。
有人抱怨在回家见五个孩子的途中被交通堵塞困住好几个小时，但是他们不能将孩子与交通堵塞联系起来。
在一个受到人口过剩一系列后果威胁的世界上，我们正在参与一项事业使膝下无子的生活模式为社会所接受并受世人尊重。
太多的孩子作为一种文化强制的后果而呱呱坠地，离婚和虐待儿童的相关统计充分揭露了这一结果。
”5埃伦的丈夫补充说：“每位朋友、亲戚、同事不停地给你施加压力，劝你要孩子，说什么‘发现你生活中失去的东西’。
好多好多人很晚才发现，所谓他们失去的东西其实是他们完全不适合做的事情。
”6埃伦还说：“从抱第一个洋娃娃开始，大到欣赏电视肥皂剧，成年后参加鸡尾酒会，无形之中，总有一种压力要你为人父母。
但是让我们来看看养育失败的比率吧，或许天下父母应该视为像当医生一样的专门职业。
有些人擅长此道，他们应当生养孩子；有些人一窍不通，他们应该认为他们还有其他的选择。
研究生学位英语考试 翻译
一、A Working Community1. I have a friend who is a member of the medical community. It does not say that, of course, on the stationery that bears her home address.This membership comes f rom her hospital work.我有一个朋友,她是医学界的一员。
当然，这在有她家庭住址的信笺上是找不到的。
她的这个成员身份来自她的医院工作。
2. I have another friend who is a member of the computer community. This is a fairl y new subdivision of our economy, and yet he finds his sense of place in it.我有另一个朋友，他是电脑圈的一员。
这是我们的经济的一个相当新的分支，但是他在这里找到了自己的归属感。
3. Other friends and acquaintances of mine are members of the academic communi ty, or the business community, or the journalistic community.我的其他朋友和熟人是学术界，商界，或新闻社区的成员。
4. Though you cannot find these on any map, we know where we belong。
虽然在任何地图上找不到这些，我们却知道自己的归属。
5、None of us, mind you, was born into these communities. Nor did we move into them, U-Hauling our possessions along with us. None has papers to prove we are card-carrying members of one such group or another. Yet it seems that more and more of us are identified by work these days, rather than by street.值得一提的是，我们没有谁一出生就属于这些社区，也不是后来我们搬了进来。
研究生学位英语课文及翻译-Unit Four
Textual Selection1、When, at the beginning of The Iliad/伊利亚特/-and Western literature-King Agamemnon steals Achilles' slave-girl/奴隶女人/, Briseis, the king tells the world's greatest warrior/战士勇士/ that he is doing so "to let you know that I am more powerful than you, and to teach others not to bandy words with me/跟我犟嘴/ openly defy/不服从，公然反抗/ their king"'. But literary scholar/文学家/ Jonathan Gottschall believes that the true focus of Homer's epic is not royal authority/皇家权威/, but royal genes/皇家基因，皇家遗传/.2、Gottschall is one of a group of researchers/研究团队/, calling themselves literary Darwinists/文学达尔文主义者/, devoted to studying literature/文学/ using the concepts/概念/ of evolutionary/演化，进化/ biology and the empirical/以实验为依据的/, quantitative/量化的/ methods of the sciences. "Women in Homer/荷马史诗/ are not a proxy/代理人/ for status/显赫的地位/ and honour; says Gottschall. "At bottom/事实上/, the men in the stories are motivated/驱使/ by reproductive concerns/繁衍后代/. Every Homeric raid involves/荷马式的袭击/ killing the men and abducting/抢夺/ the women:' The violent world of the epics史诗中的残暴世界/, he says, reflects a society where men fought for scarce mates/少数的配偶/ and chieftains/首领/ had access to as many women as slaves/奴隶/ and concubines/宫女/. And he thinks that everything written/文学撰述/ since Homer is open to similar analysis.3、Literary Darwinism is a mode of analysis; it's also a bit of/一些，少许/ a crusade/运动/, an attempt/试图/ to shake up/撼动/ literary criticism/文学评论/. "Literary theory requires a theory of human nature/人性本质/, because literature is shaped/形状/ by human motives/动机/ and cognitive biases/认知偏见/; says Joseph Carroll of the University of Missour/密苏里/, St Louis. The problem, say the literary Darwinists/文学达尔文主义者/, is that for the past few decades/过去几十年/ the humanities/人类，人性/ have, in the case of/如果发生/ critics/评论，批评/ deconstructing texts/解构文本时/, denied/否定了/ the need for a theory of human nature, asserting/坚持/ that the study of texts can be concerned/不安的/ with nothing outside those texts. Or else/要不/ they have been stuck on theories of human nature that are rooted in/使根深蒂固/ the subjective/主观的/ and the social.4、Those influenced by Freudianism/洛伊德主义/, for example, might read a novel looking for hints/暗示提示/ of a child's sexual desire/性欲/ for its parent. A Marxist/马克思主义者/ would seek out economic and class/阶级/ conflicts/冲突/. Carroll has no truck with/不理/ this: "The theories up to/胜任/ this point have all had a little bit of the truth, but have also all been fundamentally/基本/ flawed/瑕疵/; he says. "None comes to terms with/对某事妥协/ the fundamental facts/基本事实/ of human evolution."5、Literary darwinists believe that literature/文学/ reflects a universal/普遍一般/ human nature shaped by natural selection, and as a result/作为结果/, read texts in terms of /依据/animal concerns/关系/ such as mate choice/配偶选择/, relations between kin/亲属关系/, and social hierarchies/社会阶级/. Such a scientistic approach/方法，途径/ can meet with hostility/敌对/. "At one meeting of the Modern Languages Association/协会/, someone stood up and called me a proto-fascist/原始的法西斯/; says Nancy Easterlin, an expert in Romantic literature/罗马语系专家/ at the University of New Orleans/新奥尔良/, Louisiana.///伊丝特琳利用认知学的一些观点来分析华尔华滋（William Wordsworth ）《前奏》（the Prelude ）的母子关系。
研究生学位英语考试翻译.docx
Model Test 1Put the following into Chinese・Ifs my belief that this con flue nee of a n etworked economy, China's reforms, embrace of new technologies and a rapidly growing economy puts China in a unique positi on. China may have the perfect opport unity to "leapfrog0other nations in production, productivity and profitable growth. E-business adoption throughout China will accelerate China's ability Io do this. The present time bulges with opportunities for the future. Tile cha nges are comi ng so fast that they can seem almost chaotic. But as I leave you, 1 am reminded of an observation made in the Yi Jing: Great brillianee only arrives after a period of some chaos. I share that view. And I look forward to seeing the brillianee of the new China when all your people are connected and China is a major force in the networked world.Model Test 2Put the following into Chinese・The world is colorful and diversified. People of d iff ere nt coun tries have traversed d if fere nt roads of historical development. Each nation with its own cultural background, social system and value, will continue to lead a life in its own way. This diversity is the very reason why the world is full of competition, vigor and innovation. Countries should enhance exchanges and understanding, and move ahead together on the basis of mutual respect and equality. They should not allow the diversity to be a barrier to their forward march, still less should they deliberately provoke confrontation and conflict. To respect and develop the diversity of world civilization and identify comm on interests are a great driving force propelling human society forward.Model Test 3Put the following into Chinese・China has already begun to recognize the importance of addressing environmental issues that have a direct and immediate impact on quality of life, such as water pollution and air-borne particulates. Global warming as a result of the accumulation of greenhouse gases represents a real threat to the future well-being of all of us who share this planet. It is true, of course, that the already-developed countries are responsible for the large majority of the greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere today. Nevertheless, with the proportions ofcurrent greenhouse-gas emissions shifting rapidly toward China and other large developing countries, China's participation is critical to the success of any attempt to deal with rising levels of those gases. Agreeing on an efficient and equitable approach for addressing this global threat is an in ternational public good, and its benefits will be enjo yed by all countries, including China・Model Test 4Put the following into Chinese・China has already begun to tackle the complex task of helping SOEs (state-owned enterprises) to shed off responsibility for social services and housing. Beyond this, attention recently has focused on a process analogous to what we in the United States call corporatization—-that is, imposing hard budget constraints, good accounting practices, and sound governance with accountable management. These reforms may in fact go a long way toward improving the performance of the state-owned enterprises, particularly if government can maintain the pressure to reduce subsidies, to the degree that social stability and income distribution con siderations allow it. Let me expand on the subsidy and governance issues briefly. If China docs want to promote social objectives through policy loans, it is critical that those loans be made on a commercial basis・Model Test 5Put the following into Chinese・In the 20th century, mankind created material and spiritual wealth unmatched by any other time in history. Regrettably, it was also in these 100 years that humanity experienced unprecedented hardships, particularly the havoc of the two world wars. However, it is always the people of the world that make and write world history. In this sense, justice will inevitably prevail over evil, light over darkness and progress over backwardness. Mankind will undoubtedly keep overcoming difficulties and obstacles, blaze new trails and steadily move forward to a better future.In this 21st century, the people of the world still face many tough challenges; but definitely, they also see enormous opportunities for development. So long as the people of the world work in union and form a strong force to tackle all challenges, mankind with its civilization will continue to march forward against all odds, like aship braving the wind and the waves.Model Test 6Put the following into Chinese・In 1972, Home Box Office (HBO) introduced the first pay TV service. HBO*s combi nation of rece nt movies and origi nal programmi ng soon made it successful. The increase in dema nd for good programming stimulated the growth of pay TV which in turn enhanced the spread of cable. Cable received its biggest boost from an entrepreneur named Ted Turner who developed the first superstations. In the mid ・ 1970's, new government regulations allowed Turner to distribute programming that had already been shown on other networks. And new satellite tech no logy allowed him to bypass the expe nsive telephone lines used by the three terrestrial networks to distribute signals to local operators・Today, cable TV is in 62% of America's 107 million TV households. The reason for giving this historical recount is to try to illustrate one point: people want good programming.Model Test 7Put the following into Chinese・The attai nments, or present acquisiti ons, of an in dividual n ecessarily influence the character of his subsequent development, for what a person can or cannot learn to do is to a large extent a function of his previous experiences. For example, the acquisition of the ability to walk or talk enables a person to acquire many other types of experience which would otherwise be impossible, while the mastery of the principles of geometry is a necessary prerequisite for the acquisition of other types of mathematical knowledge. As has been emphasized through out the text, every orga nism in variably solves each new situation with which it is con fronted in terms of its previous experiences, and obviously what any organism can learn to do it thus depend to some extent upon the character of its previous acquisitions. Our past experiences also exert an inhibitory effect on acquisition of other types of response and thus restrict our possibilities of development along certain lines.Model Test 8Put the following into Chinese・All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours. But always we are interested in discovering just how the doomed man choseto spend his last days or his last hours・ In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fort line, but almost always his sense of values is changed・ He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values・ It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do. Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets?Model Test 8Suggested Chinese Version:我们全都读过——些惊心动魄的故事，其中的主人翁生时不多，屈指口J数，冇的长达一年，有的则短至24小吋。
研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit1
Unit1 从能力到责任[全文翻译]1 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。
他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。
年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们对未来的认识还是很模糊的。
处于像他们这样前程未定的年龄阶段，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。
一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也陷入了两难的境地。
一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。
2 最终而言，大学教育素质的衡量取决于毕业生是否愿意为他们所处的社会和赖以生存的城市作出贡献。
尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有意识到对社会所负有的责任，他才能够认识到自身的潜力。
一个人如果一味地以自我为中心，他将会失去自我。
”本科教育必须对这种带有理想主义色彩的观念进行自我深省，使学生超越以自我为中心的观念，以诚相待，服务社会。
在这一个竞争激烈＼残酷的社会，人们期望大学生能报以正直、文明，，甚至富有同情心的人格品质去与人竞争，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合?3毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。
美国的教育必须立刻采取行动，使教育理所当然地承担起弥合公共政策与公众的理解程度之间的极具危险性且在日益加深的沟壑这一职责。
那些要求人们积极思考政府的议程并提供富于创意的意见的信息似乎越来越让我们感到事不关己。
所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。
设想，怎么可能让一些非专业人士去讨论必然带来相应后果的政府决策的问题，而他们甚至连语言的使用都存在困难?4核能的使用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。
5 类似的一头雾水的感觉，公众曾经尝试过。
研究生get词汇
研究生get词汇1. 研究生 - graduate student2. 研究 - research3. 学位 - degree4. 学术 - academic5. 学科 - discipline6. 研究领域 - research field7. 学习 - study8. 教育 - education9. 课程 - curriculum10. 实践 - practice11. 论文 - thesis12. 实验 - experiment13. 数据 - data14. 统计 - statistics15. 成果 - achievement16. 学术界 - academic community17. 学术会议 - academic conference18. 学术期刊 - academic journal19. 学术出版物 - academic publication20. 学术成果评价 - academic achievement evaluation21. 学术交流 - academic exchange22. 学术研究 - academic research23. 学习能力 - learning ability24. 沟通能力 - communication skills25. 团队合作能力 - teamwork skills26. 科研工作 - scientific research work27. 奖学金 - scholarship28. 申请 - application29. 导师 - advisor30. 博士生 - doctoral student31. 学术评估 - academic assessment32. 学术成果推广 - academic achievement promotion33. 创新能力 - innovation ability34. 科研资金 - scientific research funding35. 实验室 - laboratory36. 研究方法 - research methods37. 技术应用 - technological application38. 国际化 - internationalization39. 学术界规范 - academic standards40. 专业知识 - professional knowledge41. 专业素养 - professional competence42. 专业技能 - professional skills43. 科技创新 - scientific and technological innovation44. 学术诚信 - academic integrity45. 论文撰写 - writing of academic papers46. 研究成果保护 - protection of research results47. 知识产权 - intellectual property rights48. 学术道德 - academic ethics49. 知识产权保护 - protection of intellectual property rights50. 研究思维 - research thinking51. 研究素质 - research quality52. 参与学术活动 - participation in academic activities53. 学术界交流 - academic exchange54. 学术成果展示 - display of academic achievements55. 综述 - review56. 科研项目 - scientific research projects57. 学术合作 - academic cooperation58. 学术合作伙伴 - academic cooperation partner59. 学术资源共享 - sharing of academic resources60. 学术合作协议 - academic cooperation agreement61. 学术合作平台 - academic cooperation platform62. 研究成果落地 - landing of research results63. 研究成果转化 - transformation of research results64. 研究方向 - research direction65. 科研成果评价 - evaluation of scientific research achievements66. 学术成果管理 - management of academic achievements67. 学术成果鉴定 - identification of academic achievements68. 学术成果创新性评估 - innovative assessment of academic achievements69. 开放共享 - open sharing70. 开放科研 - open scientific research71. 开放教育资源 - open educational resources72. 开放式创新 - open innovation73. 知识创新 - innovation of knowledge74. 学科交叉 - interdisciplinary75. 学术引用 - academic citation76. 学术贡献 - academic contributions77. 学术荣誉 - academic honor78. 学术影响 - academic influence79. 学术资产 - academic assets80. 学术分析 - academic analysis81. 学术思想 - academic ideas82. 学术精神 - academic spirit83. 学术文化 - academic culture84. 学术体系 - academic system85. 学术发展 - academic development86. 学术继承 - academic inheritance87. 学术传承 - academic legacy88. 学术传统 - academic tradition89. 学术口碑 - academic reputation90. 学术评定 - academic assessment91. 学术成长 - academic growth92. 学术历程 - academic history93. 研究创新 - innovative research94. 学术课题 - academic topics95. 学术教学 - academic teaching96. 学术竞赛 - academic competition97. 学术评议 - academic review98. 学术交际 - academic communication99. 学术成就 - academic achievements 100. 学术活动 - academic activities。
研究报告生学位英语词汇、翻译、作文模板
..研究生学位英语词汇短语、翻译、作文模板A、词汇与短语1. abide by〔=be faithful to ；obey〕忠于；遵守。
2. be absent from…。
缺席，不在3. absence or mind〔=being absent-minded〕心不在焉4. absorb〔=take up the attention of〕吸引…的注意力〔被动语态〕be absorbed i n 全神贯注于…近be engrossed in ；be lost in ；be rapt in ；be concentrated on ；be focused on ；be centered on5. 〔be〕abundant in〔be rich in；be well supplied with〕富于，富有6. access〔to〕〔不可数名词〕能接近，进入，了解7. by accident〔=by chance，accidentally〕偶然地，意外。
Without accident〔=safely〕平安地，8. of one's own accord〔=without being asked；willingly；freely〕自愿地，主动地9. in accord with 与…一致. out of one's accord with 同…。
不一致10. with one accord 〔=with everybody agreeing〕一致地11. in accordance with 〔=in agreement with〕依照，根据12. on one's own account 1〕为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益2〕〔=at one's own risk〕自行负责3〕〔=by oneself〕依靠自己on account 赊账；on account of 因为；on no account不管什么原因也不；of …account 有………重要性。
研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit6
Unit6 和自然和睦相处温德尔·伯利1和他们的对手工业经济的保护者一样，大自然的保护者有时也认为自然和人类是完全不同完全不相关联的两个实体。
就像工业家常常明确表明他们致力于对自然的完全占有或者如同他们所说，彻底征服自然一样，他们所说，彻底征服自然一样，大自然的保护者往往反对任何人类对大自然的侵犯。
大自然的保护者往往反对任何人类对大自然的侵犯。
2这两种极端对立的观点是危险的，最好是让人们意识到自然和人类彼此毫无关联的设想只是一种纯粹的理念；而实际情况并非如此。
3纯自然的环境不适合人类生活，人类不愿意也不能在此环境中长期生活，如果我们身处恶劣的气候达几个小时之久，就会渴望得到一些生活的必需品，抵御风寒的衣物、住所、熟食、亲友的陪伴——甚至想洗个热水澡，看看书，听听音乐。
4纯人文的环境同样也不适合人类生活，人类也不想长久地生活于这种环境之中。
很显然人类所处的环境越人造化，“天然”这个词就越被人珍视。
确实，我们可以说，我们当今的自然资源保护运动在很大程度上是工业革命的产物。
然资源保护运动在很大程度上是工业革命的产物。
渴望得到新鲜的空气，渴望得到新鲜的空气，渴望得到新鲜的空气，清澈的溪流，清澈的溪流，看到原始森林，大草原和大沙漠的人是哪些不再享有这些自然资源的人们。
5人们不可能离开自然生活，这是生态环境保护主义者的重要观点，，这是生态环境保护主义者的重要观点，但是人们又不可能在纯但是人们又不可能在纯自然的环境中生活而不对它作丝毫的改造。
这一点也适用于所有的生物。
人和其它生物都依赖于自然并且需要改造自然。
从某种意义上讲，我们所说的自然是各种各样生物和自然的力量在它们错综复杂的活动相互影响和变化的过程中所造成的变化的总和。
因为有了啄木鸟，自然就因此而有所不同，自然也因为有了生活在树干中的穿孔虫和蚂蚁以及在树下土壤里的细菌而有所不同，这些不同的组合就形成了世界。
6有些野生动物制造的变化是有利的，海狸制造水塘是出了名的，这些水塘后来成了肥沃的牧场，树和草原上的草可以防止水土流失。
研究生英语学位课统考翻译部分
• 令人遗憾的是，使世界语言一致的尝试（企图） 收效甚微，原因是某一语言的本族语者不愿意把 另一语言当作自己的母语。放弃自己的母语就等 于失去自己民族的基本特征。
• 根据最新统计，67%的美国人能上网，该比 例是中国的6倍。尽管互联网作用巨大，但 许多问题远远没有解决
According to the latest statistics, 67 percent of the U.S. population have access to the Internet, a percentage six times that of China (as large as China’s). Despite the influential (huge) role of the Internet, many problems (issues) are far from settled (solved),
• 家庭担负的新责任是为发展独特个性创造环 境，结果使家人很难达成共识，有时甚至不 可能达成共识。
• Nothing is more problematic for a small group of quite different, unique individuals than to live in close quarters, in close harmony with each other. Besides, the necessity of cultivating teenagers’ moral character adds to the difficulty in parenting.
考研、四六级、学位英语常用中译英词组
汉译英常用动词及动宾词组一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施 adopt various measures20. 得出结论 ,告一段落 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召 respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力 enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力 international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）重要作用 play a major(crucial, an important ) role in41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。
研究生学位英语考试翻译
PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)One of the unintended consequences of the flattening world is that it puts different societies and cultures in much greater direct contact with one another. It connects people to people much faster than people and cultures can often prepare themselves. Some cultures thrive on the sudden opportunities for collaboration that this global intimacy makes possible. Others are frustrated, and even humiliated by this close contact, which, among other things, makes it easy for people to see where they stand in the world in relation to everyone else. All of this helps to account for the emergence of one of the most devastating forces today - the suicide bombers and other terrorist organizations which have no regard for human lives and which it is in our best interest to wipe out.世界变平产生一些意外的后果，其一就是不同的社会和文化可以更多地直接接触。
研究生学位英语课文全文翻译-unit2
Unit2 家庭企业：下一代的前景美国正处在人类历史上最大的一个财富交接的过程中。
在今后的20年里，估计有150亿美元的资产将会转移到下一代的手中。
大多数的财富交接会以家庭企业的方式进行。
但是很多情况下，财富交接的成功与否令人怀疑。
事实上，多数的交接工作将会失败。
一般来说，只有1／3的企业才能成功地移交到下一代手中。
一个家庭企业能生存到第三代是寥寥无几的。
在下—个十年里，数以千计的家庭企业，其中有些是家喻户晓的企业将会消失。
糟糕的是许多企业只有进行适当的规划才能勉强生存。
然而，很多企业已为时太晚了。
一个家庭企业着手规划交接的适当时机不是提前一年，三年甚至是五年进行的。
确切地说，一个包括复杂的财产规划策略的综合性的交接计划一般至少要在十年的基础上才能适当地完成。
无论规模的大小，技术的高低或名气是否响亮，每一个家庭企业都是不一样的。
但是无论怎样不同，在一个企业顺利地交接到下一代之前，以下四个关键性的因素应计划到位。
计划你的交接管理机构业主／企业创建者不仅进取心强而且精力充沛。
他们往往擅长多种技能。
在很多情况下，他们既是生产专家，又是营销天才或经验丰富的金融家。
要接替他们的工作则需要较多的人。
因此，家庭企业的业主应当通过制定组织机构图来明确规定企业该怎样运作。
参与交接过程的每个主要成员也应制定他们自己的组织机构图。
然后，对它们进行比较。
各机构图之间的不同点将表明管理体制上的差异、存在误会的主要方面及观念上的分歧。
以朱蒂为例。
朱蒂拥有一家软件公司，她共有三个孩子：一个是电脑天才，一个是赛车手，还有一个拿到了商业方面的文凭但对经营公司却毫无兴趣。
另外，朱蒂有一个强有力的管理队伍。
根据她的情况，她应该考虑把公司的所有权移交给她的孩子们，但是依然让她的管理队伍来经营公司。
在家庭内或家庭外物色适当人选担任这些职位是不容易的，或者说不是一夜之间可以敲定的。
因此，提前制定一个行动计划和时间表是非常重要的，以便职责的过渡井然有序地进行。
研究生学位英语翻译和作文
研究生学位英语翻译和作文Postgraduate Degree Translation and Composition without TitlesTranslation:A postgraduate degree refers to the academic qualification obtained by students who have completed their undergraduate studies and continue to pursue advanced education in their respective fields. It represents a higher level of specialized knowledge and expertise in a specific subject area.Postgraduate degrees can be categorized into various types, such as Master's degrees and Doctoral degrees. A Master's degree typically involves a combination of coursework and a research project, while a Doctoral degree primarily focuses on original research leading to the completion of a thesis or dissertation.In the process of pursuing a postgraduate degree, students are expected to undertake in-depth research, critically analyze existing literature, and contribute to the academic community by generating new knowledge. This requires a high level of intellectual rigor and independent thinking.Furthermore, postgraduate education plays a crucial role in fostering innovation and advancing scientific knowledge. It provides a platform for aspiring researchers and scholars to delve deeper into their chosen field of study, pushing the boundaries of existing knowledge and exploring new frontiers.In addition to the academic benefits, a postgraduate degree alsoenhances career prospects. Employers highly value the advanced skill set and specialized knowledge acquired through postgraduate education. It demonstrates a commitment to intellectual growth and the ability to undertake complex tasks and challenges. Additionally, postgraduate study often provides opportunities for networking and collaboration with professionals and experts in the field.In conclusion, a postgraduate degree is a significant milestone in one's academic and professional journey. It represents a culmination of years of dedication, hard work, and intellectual growth. With its academic and career-oriented advantages, it is a gateway to greater opportunities and success.Composition:The Importance of Optical Fiber CommunicationIn today's interconnected world, where information technology drives various aspects of our daily lives, the importance of optical fiber communication cannot be overstated. Optical fiber, which is essentially a thin, transparent strand of glass or plastic, has revolutionized the telecommunications industry by providing a high-speed, reliable, and efficient means of transmitting data over long distances.One of the key advantages of optical fiber communication is its ability to carry large volumes of data at extremely high speeds. Unlike traditional copper wires, which have limitations in terms of bandwidth and distance, optical fibers can transmit vast amounts ofinformation with minimal signal loss. This enables the rapid transfer of data, facilitating smooth communication for various applications, such as internet browsing, video streaming, and online gaming.Furthermore, optical fiber communication offers enhanced security due to its inherent nature. Unlike wireless communication or copper-based systems, optical fibers do not emit electrical signals that can be intercepted or compromised by unauthorized individuals. This makes optical fiber communication an ideal choice for transmitting sensitive and confidential information, such as financial transactions or classified government data.Another significant aspect of optical fiber communication is its reliability and durability. Optical fibers are highly resistant to external factors such as electromagnetic interference, corrosion, and physical damage. This ensures uninterrupted and high-quality communication, even in challenging environments or harsh weather conditions. Additionally, given their robustness, optical fibers require minimal maintenance, resulting in cost savings for service providers and end-users.Moreover, optical fiber communication plays a vital role in facilitating global connectivity. Through undersea fiber optic cables, countries across the world are interconnected, enabling seamless international communication and data sharing. This has contributed to the growth of the global economy, fostering collaboration and innovation on a global scale.In conclusion, optical fiber communication has transformed theway we communicate and access information. Its capacity for high-speed data transmission, enhanced security, reliability, and global reach has made it an indispensable technology in a digital age. As the demand for faster and more reliable communication continues to grow, the importance of optical fiber communication will only increase in the years to come.。
研究生学位英语课文及翻译-Unit Three
Who knows1、There have been no shortage of/缺少/ insane/疯狂/, over ambitious/过于野心勃勃的/ ideas on the Internet. Most of them never make it further/更远的/ than the pub/酒吧/ they are conceived/想出/ in. Some generate hype/产生炒作，红火一时/ but quickly fall flat/完全失败/ on their face/栽了跟头/'. Others survive, but prove/证明/ to be minnows/小鱼/ rather than the giants/巨人/ they set out to be/动身去/. However, every so often, one sneaks/溜/ through/然而，偶有不动声色者却能顺利过关/.2、Wikipedia is one of the rare/罕见/ ones that made it. Even by the admission of its founder, the 38-year-old technology entrepreneur/科技企业家/ Jimmy Wales, it was a "completely insane idea/疯狂透顶的想法/”: a free online encyclopedia/百科全书/ that anyone can contribute/贡献/ to and anyone can edit/任何人都可以添加内容并进行编辑/. There is no editor, no army of proofreaders/校对/ and fact checkers/也没有专人检查内容是否属实/; in fact, no full-time staff at all/没有专职人员/. It is, in other words, about as far from/远远地/ the traditional/传统的/ idea of an encyclopedia/百科全书/ as you can get.3、There are dozens/几十，许多，一打/ of reasons why it shouldn't work/玩不转/, and it is sill far form/差得远/ perfect, but in less than/少于，不到/ four years, it has grown to have more than 1 million/100万/ entries/条目/ in 100 languages from Albanian to Zulu/阿尔巴尼亚祖鲁/.4、To its fans/粉丝/, it is a fantastic/极好的/ research resource-albeit/尽管/ one that you should use with caution/谨慎，注意安全/; and an incredible/简直不可思议/ example of what can be achieved/实现/ by collaboration and cooperation/协作与合作/ over the Internet. To its detractors-mostly/大多批评者/ those from the traditional world of encyclopedias and librarianship/图书管理学界/, it is barely worthy of the label/称谓/ "encyclopedia".*5、To put Wikipedia's achievements/成果/ in numerical context/数值语境/, at the same time it was celebrating the publishing/出版/ of its one millionth entry/第100万个词条发布之际/ in less than four years, the Oxford/牛津/ Dictionary of National Biography/传记，档案/launched its latest edition/推出其最新版本/. It had taken 12 years to complete, yet contained a comparatively/比较的，相当的/ tiddly/微不足道的/ 55,000 biographies/传记/. It also cost some 25m/2500万英镑/ to create. Wikipedia has so far been bankrolled/资助/ by Wales, but the total cost so far is still around f300, 000/30万英镑/.6、The current/最近的，最新的/ Encyclopedia Britannica/大英百科全书/ has 44m words/4400万字/ of text. Wikipedia already has more than 250m/2.5亿/ words in it. Britannica's most recent edition/最新版本/ has 65,000 entries in print and 75,000 entries online. Wikipedia's English site/英文网站/ has some 360,000 entries and is growing every day.7、But numbers mean nothing if the quality is no good. And this is where the arguments start./争论的起因/8、"Theoretically/理论上说/, it's a lovely idea/不错的想法/," says librarian/图书管理员/ and Internet consultant/互联网顾问/ Philip Bradley, "but practically/实际上/, I wouldn’t use it; and I’m not aware of a single librarian who would/我觉得任何图书管理员都不会使用这个网站/. The main problem is the lack of authority/权威性/. With printed publications/对于印刷出版物来说/, the publishers have to ensure that their data is reliable/可靠地/, as their livelihood/生计，饭碗/ depends on it. But with something like this, all that goes out the window./过一阵就完了/"9、Wales responds/回应/ by acknowledging/承认/ that Wikipedia's model leaves it anything but error free/维基百科模式所带来的结果决不会没有错误/ (something they make clear on the site) but he also points to an article in a German technology magazine this month, which compares Wikipedia with two established/已建立的/, traditional digital/数字/ encyclopedias: Brockhaus and Microsoft's/微软的/ Encarta. All three were tested on breadth, depth, and comprehensibility/广度，深度，和可理解性/ of content/内容/, ease of searching, and quality of multimedia content./多媒体内容/ Wikipedia won hands down/轻松胜出/.10、Dan Gillmor, the Silicon Valley commentator/硅谷评论员/ and author of We the Media/我们媒体/, is one of many independent fans/自由迷/:”I don’t think anyone is saying Wikipedia is an absolute replacement/绝对替代品/ for a traditional encyclopedia. But in the topics I know something about/但是就我所了解的题目而言/, I’ve found Wikipedia to be as accurate/准确的/ as any other source I’ve found”11、The truth is that Wikipedia is continuously evolving/不断的发展/. There are now around 3,000 new entries being added each day (about 700-800 of which are in English); and as the site has got bigger/规模扩大/, so has the amount of editing that takes place/发生/ on it. In September this year, there was an average/平均/ of 11 edits per article. The entry on the Israel-Palestinian conflict/巴以冲突/ has been edited more than 250 times this year alone.12、The truth is that Wikipedia reveals/揭示了/ what is normally hidden/鲜为人知，通常隐藏/ in an encyclopedia: the countless/无数的/ decisions that lie/位于/ behind each entry. The only difference is that in Wikipedia, the decision-making never stops and the debates/辩论/ are often robust/精力充沛的，激烈的/ to say the least.13、Wales says an entry in his encyclopedia is "like a sausage/香肠/: you might like the taste of it, but you don't necessarily want to see how it's made".14、It might seem like anarchy/无政府状态/. And, given/鉴于/ the lack of central control/中央控制/, it technically is/严格说来，它确实处于无政府状态/. However, there are three elements/因素/ that make it work.15、The first is its ownership/所有权/, and lack of commercial imperative/没有商业需求的压力/. The site is manned/操控/" by volunteers, and now owned by a foundation/基金会/, which means people willingly give their time and intellectual property/知识财产/ to the venture/事业/. It manages to run on less than $100,000/10万美元/ a year.17、The third-and perhaps most critical/最重要的/-has been the evolution /形成/of an incredibly intricate/令人难以置信的错综复杂/ and democratic/民主/ social order/社会秩序/ to keep this vast sprawling/庞大而复杂/ project in order.18、There are hundreds of thousands of "Wikipedians" who have contributed/贡献/ or edited articles. But the core/核心/ community, according to Wales, is about 200 people who, by now, know each other quite well. Outside this inner-inner circle/内圈/ is a core of about 2,000 people who make more than 100 edits each in the last month. Beyond this/在这个核心之外/, you have around 10,000 people who will have made more than five edits. There are administrators/管理员/, bureaucrats/政府官员/, stewards/行政人员/ and developers/开发人员/ all with different levels of technical and administrative authority./管理权限/19、This entire order/整个体系/ is all there for everyone to see online. Policies and strategies/编辑方针及策略/ are posted online, discussed and voted on/投票和讨论/. While the content/内容/ develops automatically/自动/ and anarchically/无序/, nothing happens to the social structure/社会结构，构成/ of Wikipedia without the consent/准许，应允/ of the core community.20、Wales and his community of volunteers are not resting/静止不动的/ on their laurels/桂冠/. He is in negotiations/协商/ to print part of the content, and distribute it in Africa as part of their ambition/抱负，夙愿，追求的目标/ to "put a free encyclopedia in the hands of every person on the planet/每个地球人/". Insane and overambitious? Definitely./疯狂透顶吗？野心勃勃吗？绝对是/ But after everything they have achieved in the last three-and-a-half years, you would be equally insane/同样疯狂/ to bet/打赌/ against/反对/ them.雄心勃勃的维基百科1. 互联网上从来就不乏疯狂透顶、野心勃勃的主意。
eiart非特指的一个每一个同类...
研究生学位英语考试常用单词汇总a [e,ei,?]art.非特指的一个,每一个;同类事物中的任何一个;每一abandon [?'b?nd?n]vt.抛弃,遗弃;放弃,停止做某事;离弃,丢弃ABC ['ei'bi:'si:]n.字母表;基础知识abide [?'baid]vt.容忍ability [?'biliti]n.能力,本领;[pl.]才能,才识,才智able ['eibl]a.有能力的,有才干的,显示出才华的;出色的abnormal [?b'n?:m?l]a.不正常的,反常的,异常的aboard [?'b?:d]ad./prep.在船车、飞行器上,上船车、飞机abolish [?'b?li?]vt.废除,取消,废止abortion [?'b?:??n]n.流产,堕胎about [?'baut]prep.在周围,在附近;关于,对于 ad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多,左右above [?'b?v]prep.在上方;多于,大于;高于,优于 ad.在上面,向上,在高处;指书籍文章上文,前文 a.上述的,上面的 n.上面,上级abroad [?'br?:d]ad.到国外,在海外;遍布,到处;在传播,在流行abrupt [?'br?pt]a.突然的,意外的;举止、言谈等粗鲁的,生硬的absence ['?bs?ns]n.from缺席,不在;缺乏,缺少,不存在;缺席的时间,外出期absent ['?bs?nt,?b'sent]a.缺席的;缺乏的;不在意的;茫然的absolute ['?bs?lu:t]a.绝对的,完全的;确实的,肯定的absorb [?b's?:b]vt.吸收;使全神贯注absorption [?b's?p??n]n.吸收abstract ['?bstr?kt,?b'str?kt]a.抽象的,不具体的;抽象派的 n.摘要,梗概;抽象派艺术品 vt.提取,抽取absurd [?b's?:d]a.荒谬的,荒唐的,可笑的abundance [?'b?nd?ns]n.丰富,充裕,大量abundant [?'b?nd?nt]a.in丰富的,充裕的,充足的,大量的abuse [?'bju:z,?'bju:s]vt.滥用职权等,妄用;常用被动语态辱骂,诬蔑,伤害,虐待 n.滥用,虐待;辱骂,漫骂academic [`?k?'demik]a.学术的;学院的,学校的;学究的,纯理论的,不切实际的academy [?'k?d?mi]n.高等院校,专科学校;研究院,学会,协会accelerate [?k'sel?reit]v.使加快,使加速accelerator [?k'sel?reit?]n.加速器acceleration [?k`sel?'rei??n]n.加速度accent ['?ks?nt]n.口音,腔调,音调;重音符号;重音 vt.重读accept [?k'sept]vt.接受,领受;认可,同意,承认acceptable [?k'sept?bl]a.可接受的,容许的;合意的,受欢迎的acceptance [?k'sept?ns]n.接受,接纳;承认,认可,赞同;容忍access ['?kses]n.接近,进入;获得机会等;入口,通道;接近的机会 vi.存取电脑文件accessible [?k'ses?bl]a.可得到的,易接近的,可进入的accessory [?k'ses?ri]n.[pl.]附件,零件,配件;同谋者,从犯;[pl.]妇女的手提包等装饰品;同谋,帮凶accident ['?ksid?nt]n.意外事件,事故,偶然的事accidental [`?ksi'dentl]a.意外的,偶然发生的accommodate [?'k?m?deit]vt.为提供住宿或膳食;容纳;使适应,顺应accommodation [?`k?m?'dei??n]n.[pl.]膳宿供应;[pl.]留宿,住宿accompany [?'k?mp?ni]vt.陪伴,陪同;为伴奏;伴随,和一起发生accomplish [?'k?mpli?]vt.完成任务,实现计划、诺言等,达到目的,成就accord [?'k?:d]v.给予,授予;允准;with一致,符合 n.一致,符合;谅解,协议accordance [?'k?:d?ns]n.一致,相符,和谐according [?'k?:di?]ad.按照;根据accordingly[?'k?:di?li]ad.因此,所以,于是;照着,相应地account [?'kaunt]n.帐目,帐户;记述,描述,报告;说明,解释 vi.for说明理由等,解释accountant [?'kaunt?nt]n.会计,出纳accumulate [?'kju:mjuleit]v.积累,积聚,积蓄,堆积accuracy ['?kjur?si]n.准确性,精确度性accurate ['?kjurit]a.准确的,精确的,正确无误的accusation [`?kju:'zei??n]n.告发,控告accuse [?'kju:z]vt.谴责,指责;of控告,告发accustom [?'k?st?m]vt.to适应,使习惯accustomed [?'k?st?md]a.惯常的,通常的;to习惯于的,适应了的ache [eik]vi.疼痛,酸痛 n.疼痛,酸痛achieve [?'t?i:v]vt.完成,达到目的;得到,获得achievement [?'t?i:vm?nt]n.完成,达到目的;成就,成绩,成功acid ['?sid]a.酸的,酸性的;尖刻的,刻薄的 n.酸;酸性物质acknowledge [?k'n?lid?]vt.承认,承认的权威主张;公认为,认为;致谢,鸣谢,感谢;告知收到信件等,确认acquaint [?'kweint]vt.with认识,相识,了解;介绍acquaintance [?'kweint?ns]n.with熟悉,熟知,相识,了解;熟人,相识的人acquire [?'kwai?]vt.获得,取得;学到知识等;养成习惯acquisition [`?kwi'zi??n]n.获得,取得;获得物,增添的人物acre ['eik?]n.英亩across [?'kr?s]prep.穿过,越过,横越;在对面,在那边 ad.从一边到另一边,宽;在对面,向对面act [?kt]v.行动,举动,表现;on对起作用;表演,扮演 n.行为,动作;条例,法令;戏剧的一幕action ['?k??n]n.活动,行为;on作用activate ['?ktiveit]vt.使活动起来,使开始起作用active ['?ktiv]a.活跃的,活泼的,积极的;主动的,起作用的activist ['?ktivist]n.活动分子,积极分子activity [?k'tiviti]n.[pl.]活动;行动,行为;活动性,活跃,活力actor ['?kt?]n.演员,男演员;行动者actress ['?ktris]n.女演员actual ['?kt?u?l,'?ktju?l]a.现实的,实际的,事实上的;现在的,目前的actually ['?kt?u?li]ad.实际上,事实上acute [?'kju:t]a.严重的,激烈的;敏锐的;锐的,尖的;疾病急性的ad [?d]n.advertisement广告A.D['ei'di:]n.公元adapt [?'d?pt]vt.使适应,使适合;改写,改编 vi.to适应adaptation [`?d?p'tei??n]n.适应;改编add [?d]vt.添加,增加;进一步说或写,附带说明;把加起来,计算的总和 vi.to增添addict [?'dikt]vt.使成瘾,热衷于addiction [?'dik??n]n.沉溺,吸毒成瘾addition [?'di??n]n.增加,加法,附加物additional [?'di??nl]a.附加的,额外的,另外的address [?'dres]n.通讯处,地址;致词,讲话 vt.向讲话致词;在信封或包裹等上写姓名地址,致函adequate ['?dikwit]a.足够的,充分的;适当的,胜任的adhere [?d'hi?]vi.to粘着,附着;to忠于,拥护;to坚持,坚信,遵守adjacent [?'d?eis?nt]a.to邻近的,毗邻的adjective ['?d?iktiv]n.[语法]形容词adjoin[?'d??in]v.贴近,与毗邻adjust [?'d??st]vt.to调整,调节;整理,使合适adjustment [?'d??stm?nt]n.调整,调节administer [?d'minist?]vt.administrate掌管,料理的事务;实施,执行;给予,派给,投药administration [?d`minis'trei??n]n.管理,经营,支配;管理部门,行政机关,政府;实行,执行admiration [`?dm?'rei??n]n.赞美,羡慕,钦佩admire [?d'mai?]vt.羡慕,赞美,钦佩;称赞,夸奖admission [?d'mi??n]n.允许进入,准许加入;入场费,入场券;坦白,承认,供认admit [?d'mit]v.准许进来,准许加入;to承认,供认adolescence [`?d?u'lesns]n.青春期,青少年adopt [?'d?pt]v.采用,采纳,采取态度等;正式通过,批准;选定;收养子女adult ['?d?lt]a.成年人的,已成熟的 n.成年人或动物advance [?d'v?:ns]vt.预先发放,预先支付;提前,使提前发生;提出建议等 vi.前进;取得进展;价格等上涨;促进,推进,助长 n.发展,前进,进展;预付;提前advanced [?d'v?:nst]a.先进的,超前的;高等的,高级的;年迈的,后阶段的advantage[?d'v?:ntid?]n.优点,有利条件,有利因素;利益,好处advantageous [`?dv?n'teid??s]a.有利的adventure [?d'vent??]n.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇,异乎寻常的经历adverb ['?dv?:b]n.副词adverse ['?dv?:s]a.不利的,敌对的,有害的;逆的,相反的advertise [`?dv?taiz]vt.advertize为做广告,宣传;在报刊、电视、广播等中公告,公布advertisement [?d'v?:tism?nt]n.广告;做广告,登广告advice [?d'vais]n.忠告,劝告,意见;医生等的建议advisable [?d'vaiz?bl]a.明智的,可取的,适当的advise [?d'vaiz]vt.忠告,劝告,向提供意见;通告,通知;建议adviser [?d'vaiz?]n.劝告者,顾问advocate ['?dv?kit]vt.拥护,主张,提倡,鼓吹 n.提倡者,鼓吹者,拥护者;辩护人aerial ['e?ri?l]n.天线 n.空中的,架空的;飞机的,航空的,由飞机进行的aeroplane ['e?r?plein]n.英飞机aerospace ['e?r?speis]n.宇宙空间,太空,宇宙空间学aesthetic [i:s'θetik]a.美学的,美感的,美的;审美的,有审美能力的affair [?'fe?]n.事情,事件;[pl.]事务,事态,业务affect [?'fekt]vt.影响,作用;感动;疾病侵袭affection [?'fek??n]n.喜爱,慈爱,感情,爱慕之情affiliate [?'filieit]v.使加入,联合;to,with使隶属附属于 n.附属机构,分公司affirm [?'f?:m]vt.坚持声称,断言;在法庭上证实,确认affirmation [?'f?:mn]n.断言,主张,肯定afford [?'f?:d]vt.与can,could,be able to连用担负得起,抽得出时间等,买得起;提供,给予afraid [?'freid]a.恐惧的,害怕的;担心的;表示抱歉恐怕,遗憾Africa ['?frik?]n.非洲African ['?frik?n]a.非洲人的 n.非洲人after ['?:ft?]prep.在以后,在后面 ad.以后,后来;低于,次于 conj.在以后afternoon ['?:ft?'nu:n]n.下午,午后afterward ['?:ft?w?dz]ad.-s以后,后来,其后again [?'gein,?'gen]ad.再次,又,重新;此外against [?'genst,?'genst]prep.对着,相反,逆;和比;靠着,倚着age [eid?]n.年龄,年纪;时期,时代 v.变老,上年纪;成熟,变旧agency ['eid??nsi]n.代理行,代办处,经销店;政府等的专业行政部门agenda [?'d?end?]n.议事日程,记事册agent ['eid??nt]n.代理人,经办人,代理商,经纪人;政府特工人员,政府代表;动因,原因;剂aggravate ['?gr?veit]vt.加剧,加重,使恶化;激怒,使恼火aggression [?'gre??n]n.侵略,攻击,进攻aggressive [?'gresiv]a.进攻的,侵犯的,侵略的;爱挑衅的;敢作敢为的,有进取心的agitate ['?d?iteit]v.鼓动,煽动;搅动,摇晃;激动,使不安ago [?'g?u]ad.以前,以往,前agony ['?g?ni]n.极度的痛苦,创痛agree [?'gri:]v.to同意,on赞同,相同,相符,一致;气候、食物等相宜agreeable [?'gri?bl]a.令人愉快的,惬意的;易相处的;to欣然同意的,乐意的agreement [?'gri:m?nt]n.协议,约定,契约;同意,达成协议;一致,感情融洽agricultural [`?gri'k?lt??r?l]a.农业的agriculture ['?grik?lt??]n.农业,农学ahead [?'hed]ad.在前,提前,向前,前头aid [eid]n.帮助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助手段 vt.帮助,救援,援助aim [eim]n.瞄准,对准;目的,目标,意图 v.at以枪等瞄准,把对准;for旨在,目的在于air [e?]n.大气,空气;天空,航空;样子,态度,神态 vt.使房间通风;使公开,使公众注意;晾干aircraft ['e?kr?:ft]n.飞机,飞艇,航空器airfield ['e?fi:ld]n.飞机场airline ['e?lain]n.飞机的航线;[pl.]航空公司airmail ['e?meil]n.航空邮件,航空邮政airplane ['e?plein]n.美飞机airport ['e?p?:t]n.飞机场,航空港,航空站alarm [?'l?:m]n.惊恐,惊慌,忧虑;警报,警报器,警铃 vt.使惊恐,使不安,惊吓;向报警album ['?lb?m]n.相片册,邮票簿alcohol ['?lk?h?l]n.酒精,乙醇;含酒精的饮料alert [?'l?:t]a.注意的,警觉的,留神的;机灵的,活跃的 n.警戒状态,警戒期间;警报 vt.警告alien ['eilj?n]a.外国的,外国人的;陌生的;to与不同的,相异的;性质不同的,不相容的 n.外国人,外侨;外星人alike [?'laik]a.常作表语相似的,相象的,相同的alive [?'laiv]a.常作表语活着的,存在的,在世的;继续存在的,在起作用的;有活力的,活泼的,活跃的,有生气的;to注意到的,敏感的;with充满的all [?:l]a.所有的,整个的,全部的;非常的 ad.加强语气完全,全体,全部;更加,越发,很 pron.全体,每个人,全部,一切allegation [`?li'gei??n]n.断言,主张,见解allege [?'led?]vt.断言,声称,宣称alleged [?'led?d]a.被说成的,被指称的alleviate [?'li:vieit]vt.减轻痛苦等,缓解,缓和allegation [`?li'gei??n]n.断言,主张,见解alley ['?li]n.小巷,胡同;小径,小路alliance [?'lai?ns]n.结盟,联盟,联姻,同盟allied ['?laid,?'laid]a.联合的,同盟的,联姻的allocate ['?l?keit]vt.分配,分派,把拨给allow [?'lau]vt.允许,准许,容许;of承认;同意给;允许进入停留 vi.for考虑到allowance [?'lau?ns]n.津贴,补助,零用钱;折扣;考虑,顾及;宽容,体谅;份额alloy['?l?i,?'l?i]n.合金ally ['?lai,?'lai]n.同盟者,同盟国;伙伴;同类;支持者 vt.with,to使结盟,使联姻,使联合almost ['?:lm?ust]ad.几乎,差不多alone [?'l?un]a.只作表语,不用在名词前单独的,孤独的;单单,仅,只;独一无二的,唯一的ad.单独地,孤独地;用在名词或代词后独个儿,仅仅along [?'l??]prep.沿着,循着 ad.向前地,往前;一道,一起alongside [?'l??'said]prep.横靠,在旁边;和在一起;和相比 ad.横靠着,并排地,并肩地aloud [?'laud]ad.大声地;响亮地alphabet ['?lf?bit]n.字母表already [?:l'redi]ad.已,早已,已经also ['?:ls?u]ad.而且也,此外还;同样地alter ['?:lt?]v.改变,改动,变更alternate [?:l't?:nit,'?:lt?:neit]v.使交替,使轮流 a.交替的,轮流的;间隔的alternation [`?:lt?'rei??n]n.改变,变更alternative [?:l't?:n?tiv]a.两者择一的,供选择的 n.供选择的东西,抉择对象,替换物although [?:l'0?u]conj.尽管,虽然;然而altitude ['?ltitju:d]n.高度;海拔;[pl.]高处,高地altogether [`?:lt?'ge0?]ad.总共,全部;完全地,全然;总之,总起来说aluminum [`?lju'mini?m,`?l?'mini?m]n.aluminium铝always ['?:lweiz,'?:lw?z]ad.总是,一向;始终,永远a.m['ei'em]ad.A.M.上午,午前amateur ['?m?t?,`?m?'tju?:]a.业余的;非职业的;外行的 n.业余爱好者,业余运动员;外行amaze [?'meiz]vt.at使惊讶,使吃惊,使惊愕amazing [?'meizi?]a.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的ambassador [?m'b?s?d?]n.大使,专使,使节,派驻国际组织的代表ambiguous [?m'bigju?s]a.含糊不清的,引起歧义的,模棱两可的;不确定的,不清楚的ambition [?m'bi??n]n.野心,雄心,抱负,志向;企望得到的东西ambitious [?m'bi??s]a.有雄心的,有抱负的,有野心的;热望的ambulance ['?mbjul?ns]n.救护车船、飞机等amend [?'mend]vt.修改,改正;修正,改良 vi.改过自新amendment [?'mendm?nt]n.改正,修正,改善;修正案America [?'merik?]n.美洲;美国American [?'merik?n]a.美国人的;美洲人的 n.美国洲人amid [?'mid]prep.在中,在当中among [?'m??]prep.-st一般指在三者或三者以上在之中,在中间amount [?'maunt]vi.to合计,总计,总计达;在意义、价值等方面等于,接近 n.数额,数量;总和ampere ['?mpe?]n.安培ample ['?mpl]a.足够的;宽敞的,面积大的amplifier ['?mplifai?]n.放大器,扩音机amplify ['?mplifai]vt.扩大,使加大;引申,详述;放大声音等,增强amplitude ['?mplitju:d,'?mplitu:d]n.振幅amuse [?'mju:z]vt.逗乐,使开心,使愉快,逗笑;给提供娱乐消遣amusement [?'mju:zm?nt]n.消遣,娱乐;文娱活动analog ['?n?l?g]n.analogue模拟analogy [?'n?l?d?i]n.with类似,相似;类比,类推,比拟analyse ['?n?laiz]vt.analyze分析,分解analysis [?'n?l?sis]n.分析,分解,分析报告analytical [`?n?'litik?l]a.分析的,分析法的analyst ['?n?list]n.分析者,善于分析者;化验员ancestor ['?nsist?]n.祖宗,祖先;原型,先驱anchor ['??k?]n.锚,锚状物;给人安全感之物人 v.把抛锚,停泊;把系住,使固定;担任电视节目等的主持人ancient ['ein??nt]a.古代的;年老的,古老的;古式的and [?nd,?nd]conj.和,与,加,同,而且;那么,则angel ['eind??l]n.天使,守护神;安琪儿,可爱的人anger ['??g?]n.怒,愤怒 vt.激怒,使生气,使发怒angle ['??gl]n.角,角度;看问题的角度,观点,立场 vt.把放置成一个角度;使新闻、报道等带上倾向性angry ['??gri]a.with,about发怒的,愤怒的;风雨等狂暴的animal ['?nim?l]n.动物,兽类,牲畜,畜ankle ['??kl]n.踝,踝节部anniversary [`?ni'v?:s?ri]n.周年;周年纪念日announce [?'nauns]vt.宣布,宣告;声称;发表;预示,预告announcement [?'naunsm?nt]n.布告,通告;预告,声明announcer [?'nauns?]n.宣告者,广播员,报幕员annoy [?'n?i]vt.使生气,使恼火;打扰,干扰annual ['?nju?l]a.每年的,年度的,一年一次的 n.年刊,年鉴annually ['?nju?li]ad.每年,年年anonymous [?'n?nim?s]a.无名的,匿名的;无特色的,无个性特征的another [?'n?0?]a.另一个,又,再一个的;别的,不同的 pron.另一个,类似的一个answer ['?:ns?]v.回答,答复;for负责;to适合 n.回答,答复;解答,答案ant [?nt]n.蚁Antarctic [?n't?:ktik]a.南极区的 n.the A-南极洲,南极圈antenna [?n'ten?]n.触须,触角;天线anticipate [?n'tisipeit]vt.预料,预期,期望;先于行动,提前使用antique [?n'ti:k]a.古代的,古式的;旧式的 n.古物,古董anxiety [??'zai?ti]n.焦虑,焦急;忧虑,挂念,担心;渴望,热望,切盼anxious ['??k??s]a.about忧虑的,发愁的,令人焦急的,担心的;to急于得到的,渴望的,切盼的any ['eni]a.一些,什么;任何的,任一的 pron.无论哪个,无论哪些 ad.稍,丝毫anybody ['eni`b?di,'enib?di]pron.随便哪个人;无论谁,任何人anyhow ['enihau]ad.无论如何,不管怎样;不论用何种方法anyone ['eniw?n]pron.anybody任何人,无论什么人anything ['eniθi?]pron.任何事物,任何东西;无论什么东西事情,一切anyway ['eniwei]ad.anyhow无论如何;不论以何种方式anywhere ['eniwe?]ad.无论哪里,任何地方用于否定、疑问等;用于肯定句随便什么地方apart [?'p?:t]ad.空间、时间方面成距离,相距,相隔;分开,离开;除去,撇开 a.分离的,分隔的apartment [?'p?:tm?nt]n.公寓住宅,套间apologize [?'p?l?d?aiz]vi.apologiseto,for道歉,认错,谢罪;辩护,辩解apology [?'p?l?d?i]n.道歉,认错,惭愧;辩解,辩护appalling [?'p?:li?]a.骇人听闻的,令人震惊的,可怕的apparatus [`?p?'reit?s]n.仪器,器械,装置,设备;机构,组织apparent [?'p?r?nt]a.to显然的,明白的,清晰可见的,明显的;表面的,外表的,貌似真实的apparently [?'p?r?ntli]ad.显然appeal [?'pi:l]vi.to请求,呼吁,恳求;to求助于,诉诸于;against上诉,申诉 n.to要求,呼吁,恳求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appear [?'pi?]vi.出现,露出;出场,公开露面;好象是,仿佛,似乎;出版,发表appearance [?'pi?r?ns]n.出现,出场,显露,露面;外貌,样子,外表,外观appendix [?'pendiks]n.附录,附属物;阑尾appetite ['?pitait]n.食欲,胃口;爱好,嗜好;欲望applaud [?'pl?:d]v.鼓掌,欢呼,称赞,喝彩applause [?'pl?:z]n.鼓掌,喝彩,掌声;赞许apple ['?pl]n.苹果,苹果树appliance [?'plai?ns]n.器械,装置,器具;应用,适用applicant ['?plik?nt]n.申请者applicable ['?plik?bl]a.to可应用的,可实施的;适当的,合适的application [`?pli'kei??n]n.申请书,申请表格;应用,实施,实用性;施用,涂抹apply [?'plai]v.for申请,请求;to应用,运用;to适用appoint [?'p?int]vt.任命,委派;指定,约定时间、地点等,确定appointment [?'p?intm?nt]n.约定,约会;任命,委派;委派的职位appraisal [?'preiz?l]n.评价,估价,估量appreciable [?'pri:?i?bl]a.可以觉察的,可估计的appreciate [?'pri:?ieit]v.重视,欣赏,赏识;为表示感激;充分意识到,领会,体会apprehension [`?pri'hen??n]n.理解,领悟;忧虑,担心,恐惧approach [?'pr?ut?]v.to靠近,接近 n.靠近,接近;途径;方法,方式appropriate [?'pr?upri`it,?'pr?uprieit]a.to合适的,适当的approval [?'pru:v?l]n.同意,赞同;批准,认可approve [?'pru:v]v.of赞成,赞同;批准,核准,对表示认可approximate [?'pr?ksimit]a.大致的,近似的 vi.接近,近似approximately [?'pr?ksimitli]ad.大约,近似地April ['eipr?l]n.四月apt [?pt]a.to易于,有做某事的倾向;恰当的,适宜的;聪明的,反应敏捷的Arabian [?'reibj?n]n.阿拉伯人 a.阿拉伯人的Arabic ['?r?bik]n.阿拉伯语arbitrary ['?:bitr?ri]a.任意的,随意的;武断的,专断的,专横的arc [?:k]n.弧,弧形物;弧光arch [?:t?]n.拱门,桥洞,弓形结构,拱形结构;脚弓 v.拱起,使变成弓形 a.调皮的,淘气的archaeology [`?:ki'?l?d?i]n.考古学architect ['?:kitekt]n.建筑师,设计师,缔造者architecture ['?:kitekt??]n.建筑学,建筑术;建筑式样,建筑风格;结构,构造archives ['?:kaivz]n.档案,案卷,档案室arctic ['?:ktik]a.北极区的;极为寒冷的 n.the A-北极,北极地区area ['e?ri?]n.地区,区域;面积;范围,领域argue ['?:gju:]v.with,about争吵,争论,争辩;for,against论证,主张;说服argument ['?:gjum?nt]n.辩论,争论,争吵;for,against理由,论点,论据arise [?'raiz]vi.产生,出现,发生;from由引起,由产生,起源于arithmetic [?'riθm?tik]n.算术学arm [?:m]n.手臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;支架;[pl.]武器,武装 v.武装,装备;供给,配备army ['?:mi]n.军队,陆军,军;一大批,一大群around [?'raund]ad.周围,在附近;到处,各处;大约 prep.在周围,在附近arouse [?'rauz]vt.唤醒;引起唤起,激起arrange [?'reind?]v.整理,排列,布置;for筹备,安排,筹划arrangement [?'reind?m?nt]n.排列,整理;安排,准备array [?'rei]n.一系列,大量;排列,数组;展示,陈列 vt.排列,部署arrest [?'rest]vt.逮捕,拘捕,拘留;停止,阻止 n.逮捕,拘捕arrival [?'raiv?l]n.到达,抵达,到来;到达者,到达物arrive [?'raiv]vi.at,in到达,抵达;时间、事件到来,发生;达到arrow ['?r?u]n.箭,矢,箭状物;箭头符号art [?:t]n.艺术,美术;技艺,技术;[pl.]人文学科artery ['?:t?ri]n.动脉;要道article ['?:tikl]n.文章,论文;物件,物品的一件,商品;条文,规定,项目,条款;冠词articulate [?:'tikjulit,?:'tikjuleit]a.善于表达的,发音清晰的 v.说话清楚,明确有力地表达artificial [`?:ti'fi??l]a.人工的,人造的;娇柔造作的,不自然的,人为的artist ['?:tist]n.艺术家,美术家artistical [?:'tistik?l]a.艺术家的,美术家的as [?z,?z]conj.像一样;既然,由于;在的时候,当;虽然,尽管;以致于 prep.作为,如同ad.表示程度同样地,一样地ascend [?'send]v.渐渐升高,升高ascertain [`?s?'tein]vt.查明,弄清,确定ash [??]n.[pl.]灰,灰烬;骨灰,遗骸ashamed [?'?eimd]a.常用做表语of惭愧的,羞愧的,害臊的,羞耻的ashore [?'??:]ad.在岸上,上岸Asia ['ei??]n.亚洲Asian ['ei??n]n.亚洲人 a.亚洲人的ad.在旁边,到向旁边ask [?:sk]v.问,询问;要求,请求;邀请,约请asleep [?'sli:p]a.常用作表语睡着的,睡熟的aspect ['?spekt]n.样子,面貌,外观;问题、事物等的方面;建筑物的朝向,方向aspirin ['?sp?rin]n.阿司匹林assault [?'s?:lt]vt.武力或口头上的攻击,袭击 n.袭击,攻击;威胁,伤害assemble [?'sembl]v.集合,聚集,集会;装配,组装assembly [?'sembli]n.集合,集会,会议;装配,组装;立法机构,议会assert [?'s?:t]vt.断言,肯定地说;坚持,维护;表明assess [?'ses]vt.对进行估价,确定的数额;评论,评价assessment [?'sesm?nt]n.估价,评价,评定n.资产,财产assign [?'sain]vt.to指派,委派;to派给,分配,布置;选定,指定时间、地点assignment [?'sainm?nt]n.分派,分配,指派;指定的课外作业,分派的任务assimilate [?'simileit]v.同化;吸收,消化assist [?'sist]v.帮助,援助,协助assistance [?'sist?ns]n.帮助,援助assistant [?'sist?nt]a.帮助的,辅助的,助理的 n.助手,助理;助教;辅助物associate [?'s?u?ieit,?'s?u?iit]v.with在思想上把联系在一起,联想;使联合,结合,使有联系 a.副的 n.合伙人;同事,伙伴association [?`s?usi'ei??n]n.协会,社团,团体;联合,合伙,交往;联想assume [?'sju:m]vt.设想,假定,臆断;呈现,具有,采取;装出样子;承担,接受,担任,就职assumption [?'s?mp??n]n.假定,设想,臆断;担任,采取,承担assurance [?'?u?r?ns]n.保证,担保;信心,把握;保险,人寿保险assure [?'?u?]vt.of使确信,使放心;保证给,担保,确保astonish [?s't?ni?]vt.使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut ['?str?n?:t]n.宇航员astronomer [?s'tr?n?m?]n.天文学家astronomy [?s'tr?n?mi]n.天文学asylum [?'sail?m]n.避难所,庇护所,避难at [?t,?t]prep.在,于;在,在时;在中;在方面;向,朝;表示速度、价格、比率等按athlete ['?θlit,'?θli:t]n.运动员,体育家athletic [?θ'letik]a.运动的,体育的,运动员的Atlantic [?t'l?ntik]a.大西洋的 n.the A-大西洋atmosphere ['?tm?sfi?]n.大气层;空气;气氛,环境;大气压压力单位atmospheric [`?t?m?s'ferik]a.大气的,空气的,大气层的atom ['?t?m]n.原子;微粒,微量atomic [?'t?mik]a.原子的;原子能的attach [?'t?t?]v.to贴上,系上,附上,附属;加入,参加;使依恋,使喜爱attachment [?'t?t?m?nt]n.附属物,附件;依恋,依附attack [?'t?k]v.攻击,袭击,抨击;着手,开始 n.多与on,upon连用攻击;病发作attain [?'tein]v.达到,取得attempt [?'tempt]vt.尝试,试图,企图,开始做 n.努力,尝试attend [?'tend]vt.出席,参加会议等,上学;照顾,护理,看管,关心 vi.on专心于,致力于attendance [?'tend?ns]n.出席,参加,出席次数;出席人数;护理,照料attention [?'ten??n]n.注意力,留意,留心,专心;立正的姿势attentive [?'tentiv]a.注意的,留神的,聚精会神的attitude ['?titju:d]n.to,towards态度,看法,意见;姿势,姿态attorney [?'t?:ni]n.业务或法律事务上的代理人;律师attract [?'tr?kt]vt.吸引,引诱;引起的注意attraction [?'tr?k??n]n.吸引,吸引力attractive [?'tr?ktiv]a.有吸引力的,吸引力的,引人注意的;漂亮的,迷人的attribute [?'tribju:t,'?tribju:t]vt.to把归因于,把过错、责任等归于,认为是的结果 n.属性,品质,特性;人物、职务等的标志,象征;[语法]定语auction ['?:k??n]n.拍卖audience ['?:dj?ns]n.听众,观众,读者n./a.音频的,音响的;声音的,听觉的augment [?g'm?nt]v.增大,增加,提高audit ['?:dit]vt.审计,查帐August ['?:g?st]n.八月aunt [?:nt]n.姨母,姑母,伯母,婶母,舅母,阿姨Australia [?s'treilj?]n.澳大利亚,澳洲Australian [?s'treilj?n]n.澳大利亚人,澳洲人 a.澳大利亚的,澳洲的authentic [?:'θentik]a.真的,真正的;可靠的,可信的author ['?:θ?]n.作者,著者,作家;创始人authority [?:'θ?riti]n.当权者,行政管理机构;[pl.]官方,当局;管辖权,权力;权威者,专家authorize ['?:θ?raiz]vt.授权,委托;许可,批准n.汽车automatic [`?:t?'m?tik]a.自动的;机械的,无意识的 n.自动机械automatically [?:t?'m?tikli]ad.自动地,机械地automation [`?:t?'mei??n]n.自动化操作,工业自动化automobile ['?:t?m?bi:l]n.汽车,机动车autonomy [?:'t?n?mi]n.自治,自治权;自主权autumn ['?:t?m]n.秋,秋季;成熟期,渐衰期auxiliary [?:g'zilj?ri]a.辅助的,补助的,协助的,备用的;附属的,从属的avail [?'veil]v.有益,有用;of利用 n.一般用于否定句或疑问句中效用,利益,帮助available [?'veil?bl]a.可利用的,在手边的,现成可以使用的;可得到的,可以见到的,随时可来的;有效的avenue ['?v?nju:,'?vinju:]n.大街,林荫道;手段,途径average ['?v?rid?]n.平均数;一般水平,平均水平 a.平均的;一般的,通常的 v.平均,均分avert [?'v?:t]vt.防止,避免;from转移目光、注意力等aviation [`eivi'ei??n]n.飞行,航空,航空学;航空工业avoid [?'v?id]vt.避开,避免,逃避,回避await [?'weit]vt.等待,等候,期望,期待;将降临到身上awake [?'weik]v.唤醒,唤起;觉醒,觉悟;to醒悟到,认识到 a.用作表语醒着的,警觉的,意识到的award [?'w?:d]vt.颁发,授予,给予,判给 n.奖励,奖品,奖aware [?'we?]a.用作表语,与介词of连用知道的,意识到的,觉察到的away [?'wei]ad.离开,远离;去,掉;不断下去awful ['?:ful]a.可怕的,极坏的,令人不快的;口语极度的,非常的;感到难过的,不舒服的awfully ['?:fuli]ad.很,非常awkward ['?:kw?d]a.难应付的,难使用的,棘手的,尴尬的;笨拙的,不灵活的;为难的ax [?ks]n.axe斧子axis ['?ksis]n.轴,轴线;构图中心线baby ['beibi]n.婴儿;幼畜;雏鸟bachelor ['b?t??l?]n.学士;单身汉back [b?k]n.背,背部;背面;后面,后部 a.后面的,背面的 ad.向后,退后;以前,过去;回来,回原处 v.倒退,使后退;支持,援助,资助background ['b?kgraund]n.出身背景,经历;画等的背景,底子;背景资料backup ['b?k?p]n.倒车;支持 vt.做备份backwards ['b?kw?dz]a.向后的,反向的;落后的,迟钝的 ad.向后,倒,逆,朝反方向bacon ['beik?n]n.熏猪肉bacteria [b?k'ti?ri?]n.[pl.]细菌bad [b?d]a.坏的,恶的,错的;有害的;质量等低劣的,拙劣的;严重的,厉害的;不舒服的,病的。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
近年汉译英试题2004年1月考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其它学科，希望英语分数越高越好。
许多人坚信成功地秘诀是参加短训班和多背范文，结果却发现此招不灵。
他们为提高英语水平做出的努力很难得到回报。
参考译文：Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much (/far) more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for the highest possible scores of English. Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses (/classes) and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work. Their efforts to improving their English can’t pay off easily.2004年6月计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。
它的神奇之处在于其运算速度和准确性优于人类。
计算机能在几秒钟内完成几十年前可能需要数天才能完成的事。
这是人类第一次感到自己作为最高级物种的地位受到了挑战。
参考译文：The computer is believed (/regarded /considered) to be the invention that has exerted the greatest influence on human lives in history. What is remarkable about it is that it can calculate with better speed and accuracy than man. The computer can finish in seconds what might have taken days decades ago. This is the first time that man has felt that his position (/status) as the highest species has been challenged.2005年1月人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。
为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家不惜代价减少温室气体的排放。
如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20前的10倍。
参考译文：People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases at any cost. If the current rate of global warming continues, big cities, such as Tokyo and London, are ten times more likely to disappear from the earth as twenty years ago.2005年6月人人都有追求幸福的权利，但对幸福的定义却因人而异。
绝大多数人认为幸福来自于健康的身体、愿望的实现和事业有成。
正如经常发生的那样，许多人在遇到痛苦时才意识到幸福的真正含义。
参考译文：Everyone has the right to pursue happiness (to the pursuit of happiness), yet (/but) definitions of happiness vary from person to person (are quite individualistic). Most people agree that happiness stems from good health, fulfillment of a desire and a successful career. As often happiness (is often the case), many people don’t recognize (realize) what happiness really means (the real meaning of happiness) until they are distressed (agonized / in agony).2005年12月没有盼头的日子是苍白而且不可想象的。
人，得天天有点什么盼头，生活才不至于黯淡。
有了盼头，会觉得太阳每天都是新的。
土地去掉水分，就成了沙漠；人没了盼，还剩什么？小盼头支撑人的一天，大盼头支撑人的一生。
参考译文：A day without hope would be unimaginably pale (/dull). There must be something to look forward to each day to keep it out of shadows. To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. Deprived of water, soilturns into desert. Deprived of hope, what is left to a man? A small hope sustains you for a day, a great one for a lifetime.2006年6月2007年1月该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革，并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。
最终目标是确保无一人落后。
由于此法案的实施，学校有更多的灵活性把资源用于最急需的地方。
父母更多地参与孩子的教育。
参考译文：This act is intended (designed / aims) to introduce education reform in America’s elementary and secondary schools and give all children the access to high-quality education. The ultimate goal is to ensure that no one is left behind. As a result of the implementation of this act, schools enjoy more flexibility to use resources where they are needed most. Parents can get more involved in the child’s education.2007年6月中国可持续发展所依赖的有限的自然资源正在锐减。
一方面是生产规模在不断扩大，消耗更多的能源；另一方面是缺少能高效利用能源的生产设备。
这迫使我们思考如何为后人留下足够的环境空间以使他们实现的愿望。
参考译文：The limited natural resources on which China’s sustainable development depends (relies) are declining sharply. On the one hand, the expanding scale of production leads to (results in) increased consumption of energy. (the scale of production keeps expanding, consuming more energy.) On the other hand, production facilities (equipment) that can utilize energy efficiently are lacking. That (This) forces us to think about how to leave enough environmental space to future generations (our offspring) so that they can fulfill their aspirations.2008年1月根据最新统计， 67%的美国人能上网，该比例是中国的6倍。
尽管互联网作用巨大，但许多问题远远没有解决，如：病毒侵入和信息安全。
即使这些问题最终有可能得到解决，也需要艰辛的努力和多年时间。
参考译文：According to the latest statistics, 67 percent of the U.S. population have access to the Internet, a percentage six times that of China (as large as China’s). Despite the influential (huge) role of the Internet, many problems (issues) are far from settled (solved), such as the invasion (attack) of viruses and information security. Even if it is possible to find final (eventual) solutions, it will take painstaking efforts and many years.2008年6月中国一直有重视教育的传统，尤其是儿童的教育。
许多家长让孩子参加各种培训班，以增加被理想中学录取的可能性。
但专家们指出，保持儿童对科学的好奇和兴趣有助于其智力发展。
一个没有创造力和想象力的儿童很难有所作为。
参考译文：Traditionally, the Chinese people have attached importance to education, especially the education of children. Many parents have their children attend various training courses to increase their chance of being admitted by the ideal / expected high schools. Experts, however, point out that keeping children curious about and interested in science will facilitate their intellectual development. A child without any creativity and imagination can hardly go very far.2009年1月中国学生在英语上花的时间比其他学科多得多，原因是英语需要泛读、机械记忆和经常复习。