《美国社会与文化》期末试卷
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）
当代美国社会与文化试题与答案（代保平课）美国枪支管制的妨碍因素.根源：美国枪支问题的出现，是与长久以来所形成的枪支文化紧密相关。
而这种枪支文化的形成，则是由美国早期特殊的历史积淀所造就的。
16世纪，当第一批欧洲人历经艰辛来到美洲大陆后，面对着极为恶劣的外部环境。
除了抵御野兽的来袭，还要和当地印第安人对抗。
在这种混乱纷杂的环境下，当时并没有政府或者社会组织提供有效的防卫措施，唯一可以信赖的就是自身的力量，而枪支在保障人身安全方面发挥了重要的作用。
不仅如此，在北美大陆，打猎从一开始就已经成为一种谋生手段，枪支就成为猎杀野兽、维持生计的重要工具。
妨碍因素：1.利益集团的斗争NRA美国政治在很大程度上是一种利益集团政治，以布雷迪运动为首的枪支管制组织和以全美步枪协会为首的反对力量之间展开了激烈的交锋，竞相对国会施加压力。
可以说，围绕枪支问题的争夺已经变成了一种利益集团政治。
全美步枪协会被公认为是美国社会中最为强大的单一问题利益集团。
在历次国会枪支立法的过程中，全美步枪协会都扮演了核心的角色。
在全美步枪协会看来，民众持有武器的权利不得随意剥夺，反对任何形式的枪支管制，而主张严惩使用枪支犯罪的罪犯。
2.宪法修改的程序困境美国建国前后，拥有和携带枪支的权利，和言论自由一样，已被视为最珍视的个人权利之一。
而且枪支管制的问题，涉及对美国宪法第二条修正案的解释问题。
当时，共有7个州采用了"权利法案"，都含有保护民兵或者明确支持持有和携带枪支的条文规定。
近年来，在枪支问题变得突出之后，维护持枪权利的组织和人士始终依托宪法第二条修正案，反对任何的枪支管制措施。
3.民众态度的分化具体来说，妇女、城市居民、非美国本土出生者、政治上倾向自由主义者、不拥有枪支者相对更倾向于支持枪支管制，而男性、乡村居民、美国本土出生者、政治立场保守者、枪支拥有者则相对消极，不少人还采取激烈的反对态度。
而具体到地域上，城市居民出于对犯罪率上升的担忧，所以主张枪支管制的呼声就比较高涨；而在美国南部和中西部的山区，人们钟爱于打猎，也依赖枪支来防身，所以反对枪支管制的呼声相对很高。
美国社会与文化课后练习题(可编辑修改word版)
“美国社会与文化”课后练习题I.单选1.Which of the following statement is CORRECT about the geographic location ofthe United States of America?A.South of North America, southern temperate zone;B.South of North America, northern temperate zone;C.North of North America, northern temperate zone;D.North of South America, southern temperate zone.2.The boundary line between America and Mexico, starts from the mouth of the RioGrande River and finally ends at the seashore.A.AtlanticB. PacificC. IndianD. Oceanic3., known as the Eastern Coastal Plain, is a wide strip between the Atlantic and the Appalachians.A.Mexico seacoastB. Caribbean seacoastC. Bering seacoastD. Atlantic seacoast4.Rocky Mountains stretch all the way from to .A.Mexico, the ArcticB. Mexico, the AtlanticC. Alaska, the AtlanticD. Alaska, Mexico5.The Yellow Stone National Park is located in .A.the Grand CanyonB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Death ValleyD. the Willamette Valley6.According to functionalist perspective, which one is not mentioned as the functionof education?A.Providing custodial careB.Promoting national unityC.Reducing unemploymentD.Teaching knowledge and skills7.“Head Start” movement was conducted to .A.Give every child equal opportunity to receive education.B.Bring those who were at disadvantage to have equal opportunity to receiveeducation.C.Initiate an optional course in school.D.Improve the academic performance of students.8.Regarding the education reforms, .A.New paradigm supporters are confident in markets.B.Systemic reformers believe in consumers.C.The new paradigm and the old one are totally different.D.Both the reforms reached good result.9.Which of the following is related closely to religion?A.public schoolsB.Private schoolsmunity schoolsD.Parochial schools10.For the schools at local level, .A.the central government assigns the president.B.Voted governing board is responsible for the governance of the local school.C.The education quality is not very high-standard.D.Teachers are less-paid than the state-run schools.11.The sources of American Folk Music are .A.the British Isles and AfricaB.the British Isles and AsiaC.European countriesD.All of the above12.American Folk Music represents .A.the American IndiansB.the tribal music of primitive peoplesC.American cultureD.The western American lives13.The foremost form of Anglo-Celtic folk music is .A.church musicB.BalladryC.Tribal musicD.Harmonic music14.Bob Dylan is .A.American folk singer folksinger, banjo playerC.American singer and composerD.American folksinger and song writer15.A disc jockey is supposed to .A.Design the programs for radio stations.B.Mix different kinds of music togetheranize the dancing tuneD.Blend only certain types of music together to create new ones.16.Donkey stands for .A. Democratic PartyB. Republican PartyC. Labor PartyD. Federalist Party17.The president of the United States must be at least .A. 40 years oldB. 35 years oldC. 45 years oldD. 37 years old18.Which of the following is not considered as the cornerstone of traditionalAmerican belief?A. Individual FreedomB. Equality of OpportunityC. Material WealthD. Racial Diversity19.is responsible for the relation of the United States with foreign countries.A. congressB. presidentC. ambassadorD. chief judge20.The president can veto any bills passed by congress, unless in each housevote to override the veto.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 4/5D. 1/221.Juvenile Crime, in law, term denoting various offenses committed by children oryouths under the age of .A. 16B. 14C. 18D. 2022.Which country remains the only Western democracy that imposed the deathpenalty on some of those convicted of murder?A.CanadaB. the United StatesC. EnglandD. Germany23.The largest and best organized association standing for firearm users in Americastates, “ Guns don’t kill people, people kill people”, which is .A.NRAB. Gun ClubC. WHOD. ARA24.Series of studies clearly show that and violence are interrelated.A.RaceB. SexC. AgeD. Drugs25.The unlawful killing of a human being by a person who had an intent to kill is thedefinition of the crime of .A.MurderB. ManslaughterC. AssaultD. Battery26.What is the scientific definition of family given by sociologists?A.We are born into a family, mature in a family, form new families, and leavethem at our death. Family life is a universal human experience.B.The family is a fundamental God given institution built into the very natureof the universe.C.The family is an arbitrary cultural structure. It is a group of people heldtogether by bonds of love and affection.D.The family is a group of people who are related to one another by bonds ofblood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit,and bear and raise children.27.What is the basis for traditional family structure?A.Extended familyB.Nuclear familyC.KinshipD.Immediate family28.What are the diverse patterns of contemporary families?A.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent Households, Stepfamilies, Gay and LesbianMarriagesB.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent HouseholdsC.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Stepfamilies, Gay and Lesbian MarriagesD.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Two-Parent and One-ParentHouseholds, Gay and Lesbian Marriages29.What are the major family problems?i.Divorceii.Remarriageiii.Violenceiv.Work and Family InequalityA. (1) (2) (3)B. (1) (3) (4)C. (1) (2) (4)D. (1) (2) (3) (4)30.What are the causes for an aging American society?(1) A continued low fertility rate(2)Ever-greater life expectancy rate due to advances in medicine(3)The baby boom generation reaching old age.(4)Improved social services and more favorable public policiesA. (1) (2) (4)B. (1) (2)(3)C. (1)(2)(3)(4)D. (2)(3)(4)31.There occurred three times of immigration waves since 1620. The third wave tookplace , and the number of immigrants rose to 23,500,000, most of whom came from such South-eastern European countries as Italy and Russia.A.between 1820 and 1850B. between 1851 and 1870C. between 1871 and 1920D. between 1881 and 192032.In 1886, gave the United States the Statue of Liberty as a gesture offriendship, and since then the Statue, which is standing on an island near Ellis Island, has become a symbol of hope, lighting the way for new arrivals.A.FranceB. BritainC. GermanyD. Spain33.In recent decades, some important legislative documents have remapped the orderof American immigration policies. Among them, gave the priority to the applicants for family reunification, and since then the number of Asian immigrants has increased rapidly.A.the Immigration Act of 1965B. the Illegal Immigration ActC. the USA Patriot Act of 2001D. the Exclusion Act of 188234.Americans make active use of their legal system and take great pride in being alitigious people. The underlined part means that .A.Americans are fully aware of their legal rightsB.Americans are protective towards their legal rightsC.Americans are jealous of others’ legal rightsD.Americans are fond of taking matters to a court of law35.Like al other judges, are appointed by the president with theapproval and consent of the senate.A.the district judges B the Attorney GeneralC. Chief of JusticeD. justice of the peace36.The most important element in US economy against inflation was .A.the federal Reserve BoardB. the International Monetary FundC. the World BankD. big corporations37.The following are the strengths of the US economy except .A.the highest standard of livingB. the lowest unemployment rateC. low rate of savingsD. high productivity of US industries38.Which of the following is not included as essential elements in Americaneconomic system?A.Productivity.B. Income equality.C. Creativity.D. Stability.39.Which combination is right?A.Passing of the Social Security Act ---- post-1960B.President Nixon --- the Great SocietyC.President Carter --- the Great SocietyD.President Reagan ---- the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act40.Which of the following is not the major role that the US media is playing?A. WatchdogB. Speech RectifierC. SignalerD. Common CarrierII.名词解释1）Gold Rush2)Martin Luther King Jr.3)The New Deal4)The Great Depression5)Laissez-Faire6)Affirmative Action Program7)The Baby Boom8)The Great Society9)Racism10)Ku Klux Klan11)Original Sin (Inherent Sinfulness)12)Welfare State13)Westward Expansion14)WASP15)Rating Code16)McCarthyism17)American Dream18)the Iron Curtain19)the Marshall Plan20)Watergate Scandal21)extended family22)nuclear family23)Hispanic Americans24)Manifest Destiny25)Separation of PowersIII.Essay Questions1)How would you describe the relationship between President and Congress in theUnited States?2)Do you think economic affluence will inevitably lead to consumerism andexcessive individualism? Why or why not?3)What are the major American values? What are the changes in the Americanvalues? What are the factors that contribute to these changes?4)What is the origin of the myth of Asian Superiority? Why do you think the myth ofAsian Superiority is harmful?5)What are some of the characteristics of American education? How do Americansview the role of education in American society and in their individual life?6)America is widely accepted as the engine of the world economy. In what way doyou think the American economy has influenced and will influence the world? 7)Immigration takes place with, at least, two forces at work, namely the pull forceand the push force. Pick any one ethnic group in the United States as an example and illustrate its experience in the “pull and push” framework.8)Throughout the U.S. history, the two major parties, the Republican and theDemocratic, have been holding powers alternatively in the country. What key functions have they played in American politics? Why is it that minor parties in the U.S. have never been able to challenge the two-party system in the power struggle of American politics?9)The death penalty and gun control have been issues of bitter controversy in nationaland state politics of the United States. Discuss the reasons why Americans are so divided over these two issues, and explain how values and principles clash with each other in these two controversial issues.10)Sports, particularly football, have traditionally played a significant role inAmerican colleges and universities. What are their social, cultural, and economic implications for universities and students?Basic American values:Individual freedom --- the freedom of individuals to fulfill their own individual needsand do as they wishSelf-reliance --- being able to take care of themselves and not depend on others for supportEquality of opportunity --- having an equal chance to succeed, regardless of whethersex, race, or ageCompetition --- having to compete with others for success, rather than expecting to be given something for freeMaterial wealth --- viewing possessions as the mark of having status in the societyand as the natural reward for hard workHard work --- the belief that everyone should work hard, sometimes for very long hours, to be successful。
北京理工大学美国社会与文化期末参考
美国社会与文化期末复习参考1.How has Protestantism shaped basic American values?2.What is the essence of the Protestant heritage?3.What is the protestant heritage?Protestantism gives American people the value of self-improvement, the belief of gaining material success through hard work and self-discipline, and the idea of volunteerism and humanitarianism.4.What are the three branches of the federal government and their responsibilities?5.What are the three branches of the U.S. Government? What are the responsibilities of eachbranch?Congress is the legislative branch and responsible for making laws. The president heads on the executive branch and carrying out the laws. The Supreme Court and lower national courts make up the judicial branch, which interpret the laws.6.What is the Electoral College? How does it work?It is a system for indirectly electing the president. The winner of the highest number of each state’s popular votes gets all of that state’s electoral votes. A person getting the highest number of electoral votes will become president.7.Why are Americans suspicious of a strong government?Because they think government is the natural enemy of individual freedom.8.Why did the American Constitution adopt the policy of “separation of church and state”? Because the government was forbidden to establish a national church, in order that no denomination was to be favored over the others.9.What are the two major political parties in the United States? What is the main difference intheir beliefs?Republican Party believe in free enterprise system which favor little or no government regulation. Democratic Party believe in government regulated businesses to protect consumers and workers.10.What are interest groups? What do interest groups do?They are some groups of Americans with similar interests and often called lobbying groups. They demand new or protect existing government programs, regulations and benefits for their members’ interests.11.What are the three values that are traditionally associated with the frontier heritage?They are individualism, self-reliance and equality of opportunity.12.How do you understand the saying “What’s above the ground is more important than what isbeneath the ground?”It is an expression of individual freedom, self-reliance and equality of opportunity. What people could do in their own lifetime is more important than what their ancestors did.13.What are the two types of “rugged individualists” in the frontier days?One type is man against the wilderness in the early frontier. The other is man against man, which lasted from the 1860s until the 1890s.14.What are the characteristics of the dominant American culture?They are English-speaking, white people, Protestant and middle class.15.Why do some people describe American culture as a “salad bowl”?Because they think America culture is mixed by many cultures while at the same time they still retaining their own characteristics of immigrants’ origin.16.What are the differences between the terms “Melting Pot,” “Salad Bowl” and “Mosaic”?17.Can you explain the difference between a “melting pot” and a “salad bowl”?“Salad bowl” means it is possible to be a part of America while at the same time retaining the values, customs, languages, and cultures of the immigrants’ origin.“M elting pot” theory mea ns the whole nation is a large pot. All the culture that people brings into are melted together to form a new culture.“Mosaic” means the individuals of different racial and ethnic groups are still distinct and recognizable, but together they created a picture of American.18.What are the major reasons for the early settlers to move to the North America?They came to America to avoid the religious persecution in England and to seek religious freedom.19.Why have entrepreneurs become business heroes to American people?20.Why have entrepreneurs become business heroes admired by American people?Because they succeed in building something great from nothing. And they are self-made millionaires.21.How does business competition reinforce other basic American values?It protects individual freedom by cancel monopoly. And it encourages equality of opportunity and hard work.22.Why are business institutions at the heart of American way of life?Because people think business set the ideal of competition. And they expect for achieving the great American Dream and rising from poverty to great wealth.23.What are the differences between public and private schools?Public schools are government provided school that is free for all Americanstudents. Private schools are tuition-based schools. They offer students a better education but the cost is higher.24.What could be the qualities of a “well-rounded” student under American education system?25.What qualities do American universities look for when they decide who will be admitted? Colleges look for students who are “well-rounded”. Grades in high school courses and scores on tests like the SAT are very important, but so are the students’ out-class activities.26.What are the three kinds of financial aids that students can get in American colleges?They are assistantships, grants and scholarships.27.What are the four patriotic holidays of the U.S.?Independence Day, Veterans day, Memorial Day and Labor Day.28.List three American wedding customs.They wedding in a church. The best man holds the wedding ring. The bride threw flowers to the guests.29.What are three American engagement customs?The man gets down one knee to propose. Request the agreement of the woman's father. Give the woman a diamond ring.30.What is a bridal registry?A bridal registry is a service provided by a website or retail store to assist engaged couples in the communication of gift preferences to wedding guests.31.What has caused the changes in American family structure?Young people are marrying and having children later and even choose not to have children today. People are living longer. Another reason is the high divorce rate.32.What were the two main causes of the American Civil War?The South and the North had different opinions about slavery and president Lincoln. And the southern states wanted to form a new nation.。
英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)
1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。
当代美国社会与文化_广东外语外贸大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
当代美国社会与文化_广东外语外贸大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.“We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; thatthey are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; thatamong these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” This quotation is from the:答案:Declaration of Independence2.The First Amendment to the Constitution guarantees all the following except___________.答案:freedom from the death penalty3.Which event directly provoked the American Revolution?答案:The Boston Tea Party incident4.Congress can make the following laws except _________________.答案:Education5.According to the Second Article of the Constitution, the minimumrequirements for being a President include the following except_________________.答案:Being a male6.In 1852, ____________ became the first state to pass compulsory education law,making attendance mandatory for those between the age of 6 and 16.答案:Massachusetts7.At college, credits can be earned by ________.答案:attending lectures or lab classes and by completing assignments andexaminations8.Which of the ethnic groups has been most unhappy with the numericalquotas in the affirmative action?答案:The whites9.__________ includes a series of political campaigns for reform on issues such asreproductive rights, maternity leave, domestic violence, equal pay, women's right to vote, and sexual harassment.答案:The Feminist Movement10.Who has direct control over the monetary policy and makes the decisionsconcerning it?答案:Federal Reserve Board11.The place in a newspaper where you could expect to see an objective newsstory about a major international event is答案:the front page12.What is the symbol of the Democrats?答案:Donkey13.The term _____________ refers to virtually any voluntary group that seeks topromote and advance its cause by the political process publicly.答案:interest group14.When must an American retire from his job?答案:no maximum age15.Which of the following is one of the traditional commercial broadcastnetworks?答案:ABC16.In America, which of the following holidays is similar to China's TombSweeping Day?答案:Memorial Day17.In 1955, the first major American theme park --- ____________, was establishedin Anaheim, California.答案:Disneyland18.Judicial review refers to the power of the federal courts to __________.答案:declare a legislative or executive act invalid if it violates the Constitution. 19._________ is the final interpreter of the Constitution.答案:The Supreme Court20.Opponents of gun control believe that __________________.答案:guns deter crime rather than cause crime。
英美社会与文化期末复习题
一、In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?(1)The puritans hoped to build “a city upon hill’- an ideal community. Since thattime, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model for other nation. This sense of mission has been very strong in the minds of many Americans.(2)New England also established another American tradition- a strain of oftenintolerant moralism. The puritans believed that governments should enforce god’s morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violation of Sabbath and other religions believers different from themselves.(3)The puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. TheAmerican values such as individualism, hard work, and respect of education owe very much to the puritan belief.(4)Thanksgiving has become one of the National holidays, which comes fromwhite-Indian cooperation in New England.二、What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?If Congress proposes a law that the president thinks is unwise, the president can veto it. That means the proposal does not become law. Congress can enact the law despite the president's views only if two-thirds of the members of both houses vote in favor of it.If Congress passes a law which is then challenged in the courts as unconstitutional, the Supreme Court has the power to declare the law unconstitutional and therefore no longer in effect.The president has the power to make treaties with other nations and to make all appointments to federal positions, including the position of Supreme Court justice. The Senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official. In this way the Congress can prevent the president from making unwise appointments三、What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the US Constitution?The Bill of Rights: the first 10 amendments, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were added within two years of the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. These amendments remain intact today, as they were written two centuries ago. The first guarantees freedom of worship, speech and press, the right of peaceful assembly, and the right to petition the government to correct wrongs. The Bill of Rights and subsequent constitutional amendments guarantee the American people the fullest possible opportunity to enjoy fundamental human rights.四、What is the current economic situation in America? How did the Great Recession begin? What does it show?五、What is the relationship between government and religion in America?(1)In the first place, according to the First Amendment to the Constitution, theUSA would have no state-supported religion.What’s more, the government has no right to meddle in religious affairs or require any religious beliefs of its citizens. And government does not pay ministers’ salaries or require any belief as a condition of holding public office.(2)On the other hand, in some ways, the government supports all religions.Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States. The armed forces pay chaplains of all faiths. Presidents and other political leaders often call on god to bless the American nation and people. Those whose religion forbids them to fight can perform other services instead of becoming soldiers.(3)When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise,American courts must settle them.(4)In the early years, some people believe that Protestant religion andrepublican forms of government were connected, because God supports their experiment in republican government.All in all, for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats al religion alike, as long as it is practical.六、How did American education system begin to develop?七、What are the legacies of the social movements of the 1960s? What are their effects, positive and negative, upon contemporary US society?八、“British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture?九、Why does the author say that parliament is supreme in the British state? What functions does parliament have? What role does the Queen (king) and the Prime Minister play in British government?十、What are the three big parties in the UK? What are some of the similarities and dissimilarities between the three parties?。
美国社会与文化复习资料(DOC)
US Entertainment---SportsPART I Choose the correct an swer.I. _____________________________________________ The most popular baseball league in the U.S. is . A. Major League Football B. Major League BaseballC. the America n LeagueD. the Nati onal League2」nnings are divided into ______ halves, referred to as the top and bottom of the inning.A 1 _B 2C 3D 43. ____ was a truly American originA FootballB baseball CBasketball D ice-hocky4. The 32-team ______ is the most popular and only major professional football league.A NILB NBLC NBA D_NFL5. The typical America n sports of baseball, basketball and football arose from games thatwere brought to America by ____ .A. Native America nsB. the first settlersC. the Africa n slavesD. En glish people6. Which of the followi ng sports is inven ted in the Un ited States?A. FootballB. BasketballC. BaseballD. SoccerPART II Fill in the bla nks1. Baseball is the oldest of the major America n team sports, though baseball is no Ion gerthe most popular sport, it is still referred to as the "national pastime. _________ “2. A baseball game is divided into nine periods of play, called innin gs.3. The National Basketball Association, is the world's premier men's professional basketball league and one of the major professi onal sports leagues of North America4. Football, known as gridiron or American football outside the U.S. and Canada, attracts more televisi on Viewers tha n baseball, and is con sidered the most popular sport in theUn ited States.5. The Un ited States is one of creators of the International Olympic Committee ________6. In 1994, the US hosted _the World Cup_, which sparked in creased in terest i n the sport.7. _Major League Baseball_ is the highest level of professional baseball competition inNorth America.8. The professi onal champi on ship game of _football_ is called the Super Bowl.9. Sports have contributed to racial and social integration and over history have beena social glue ” bonding the country together.III True or False Stateme nt1. ( T) Sports in the US not only provide recreation for its people, but also teachimporta nt values.IV Defi nitio n1. baseballIt is a game between two teams of 9 people. One team trying to gain points by hittinga ball and running around the field, the other tries to stop them by catching the ball andthrow ing it.2. NFLThere are two leagues the AFL (American Football League) and the NFC (NationalFootball Conference) which together are part of the NFL (Nati onal Football League)3. PATAt that stage, the team can earn one additi onal point by kick ing the ball through the goal posts, a Point After Touchdow n.V An swer questio ns 1. What importa nt role do sports play in America n society?US Values 2014I Fill in the bla nks.1. America ns believe that all people have an equal_opportunity tosucceed in life, despite the physical or economic conditions into which they were born.2. America ns focus more on the future than the past and eve n thepresent. Almost all energy is directed towards realizing a betterfuture.3. America n always cherishes the follow ing values: equality, respect, __________ gratitude, ----- loyalty, responsibility.— And, in depe ndence show up inmoder n America n families.II Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on orstateme nt.1. America ns are eve n disrespectful of those in authority. What is their prefere nee whe n they are called by people?A. Mr. or Mrs.B. first nameC. middle nameD.last n ameV Explai n each item in your own words1. America n DreamThe so-called American Dream , is a belief that as long as the UnitedStates after a hard struggle will be able to achieve the idea of a betterlife, that is, people have to work through their own hard work.VI Questi ons for short an swers1. The characteristics of un iformity in America n culture.With regard to Ian guage, there is no real regi onal or class variety in speech orusage.There is not much differe nee in habits and ways of livi ng. In gen eral people sharethe same ideas, ideals and objectives.America n people are almost en tirely an urba n society.In gen eral there is not much really dist in ctive regi onal architecture or cookery, music or literature.VII Questi ons for discussi on1. What characteristics of the American values in America impress youmost in the movie < Forrest Gump >?Unit 3 American HolidayFind the exact sig nals or descripti ons of each holidays respectively.Vale nti ne's Day: a festival of roma nee and affect ion by excha nging toke ns of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear gree nEaster: In Christia n coun tries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorati ng the resurrect ion of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to some one with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: earn ati onColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher ColumbusHalloween: “ Trick or treat ”Than ksgivi ng Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his rein deersDefin iti on:Preside nts ' DayIt honors two great America n Preside nts: Abraham Lincoln and George Wash ington. thirdMon day in Feb.Than ksgivi ng Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November , celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first win ter in the new world. The theme has always bee n peace and plenty .Martin Luther King ' s DayIt is on Jan. 15th to celebrate the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr ., a great civil rightsleader who fought aga inst racial discrim in ati on.In depe ndence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the sig ning of the Declarati on ofIn depe ndence.Vetera n's DayNovember 11, Also known as Remembra nee Day , Armistice Day . It honors all the brave serviceme n and wome n who have put their lives on the line to defe nd the rights and freedom of all America ns.Than ksgivi ng Day:The fourth Thursday in November , Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme hasalways been peace and plenty .Christmas:December25 ,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and bringschildre n prese nts at Christmas;Unit 5 America n Educati onI. Fill in the bla nks1. Education in the United States is provided mainly by government, with _____con trol and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.2. Elementary school is for the students who are in Grade 1-6 , at the ageof 6-11.3. (Se nior) high school is for the stude nts who are in Grade 9-12, at the age of 14-17 . Defin iti on:Ivy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, ColumbiaUn iversity, Corn ell Un iversity, Dartmouth College, Harvard Un iversity,University of Pennsylvania , Princeton University, Yale UniversityV. Expla nati on1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of collegeand uni versity1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student 'high school records3) recomme ndati on from their high school teachers4) the impressi on they make duri ng in terview at the uni versity5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)VI. Compositi onI.What characteristics of the higher educati on in America impress you most?US General IntroductionI Fill in the bla nks.1. Since the time of independence of the United States, _________________ 48con ti nen tal states were added.2. Two states are separated from the continental US, that is Hawaii inthe Pacific _______ Ocean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3. In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “ WASP ” sta nds for White An glo-Sax on Protesta nt5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in theUn ited States.6. Washi ngton, D.C is n amed after George Washington and Christo __________ ColumbusOcea n to the west and Atla ntic Ocea n to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city is New York City9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the RockyMountains are in the western part.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America,with Canada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the PacificII Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on or stateme nt.1. How many continental states were there at the time of independence ofthe US?A. 35B. 48C. 13D.502. Which of the following was the last continental state added to theUnion?A. Ken tuckyB. ArizonaC. PennsylvaniaD. Alaska3. Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture is not true?A. People in gen eral share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB. There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage of En glish.C. There is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery.D. Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the America nA_ Hawaii and Alaska. B Hawaii and Ariz ona con ti nent?C Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is _____ .A. Los An gelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Fran cisco6. Which two lakes con sist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and Michiga nB. Michiga n and HuronC. Huro n and ErieD. Erie and On tario7. What are the five famous symbols of America n culture?ABarbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, TheStatue of LibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, America nGothicC. America n Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statueof LibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the n atio nal rose and tree of US?A. rose and palm rose and oak - C. tulip and oak D. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50 th states of the Uni ted States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispa ni cs.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirtee n states of the Un ited States mai nly located alongthe easter n seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union inthe 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los An gels.1. Fi nd the nickn ames of the followi ng States in the USA.Arka nsas: Land of Opport un ityCalifornia: Golde n StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier ；Peninsula State Massachusetts: Old Colony State ; Bay StateV Explai n each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation of immigra nts and Ion g-established America ns.2. Man hattan Isla ndIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building. Rockefeller Cen tre, the Un ited Natio ns Building, Cen tral Park, Harlem and so onVI Questi ons for short an swers1. Which was the “ mother country ”？The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteencolonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people thinkof whe n they say “ New York ”？Because famous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, theEmpire State Buildi ng, Rockefeller Cen tre, Cen tral Park, Harlem and so on are on this isla nd.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questio ns and An swers on the Text1. Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2. When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3. Where and whe n was the first En glish colony foun ded?At Jamestow n, Virgi ni a, in 1607.4. How did the early coloni sts in Virginia man age to earn mon ey?They discovered a way to earn money by grow ing tobacco.5. Who established several settleme nts in New En gla nd?En glish Purita ns.6. When did the Pilgrims cross the Atla ntic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7. How many colonies had En glish settlers occupied by 1733?Thirtee n8. In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all n ewspapers?The stamp Act9. How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Con ti nen tal Con gress1. After the first shot of the America n War of in depe ndence was fired at Lex ingtonon April 19,1775, the Seco nd Continental Co ngress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2. It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded aContinen tal Army and Navy un der the comma nd of George Wash ington, and bega nto print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declarati on of In depe ndence which was drafted by Thomas Jeffers on.The Bill of Rights1. In order to in sure in dividual liberties, ten ame ndme nts —the bill of Rights wereadded to the Con stitutio n in 17912. It guara nteed freedom of religi on, a free press, free speech, the right of citize nsto bear arms, protect ion aga inst illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protect ion aga inst“ cruel and unu sual puni shme ntsThe Ema ncipati on Proclamati on1. After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on Janu ary1, 1863 to win moresupport at home and abroad.2. It gra nted freedom to all slaves in areas still con trolled by the Con federacy.Recon struct ion1. After the Civil War, the US Con gress put forward the program of Rec on structio n, or reform, of the Souther nstates.2. The program was bitterly opposed by most Souther n whites3. It en ded in 1877, whe n new con stituti ons had bee n ratified in all souther n statesand all federal troops were withdraw n from the south.The Ku Klux Kla n1. After the Civil War, some souther n whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2. It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests andadvantages by terrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3. By 1872, the federal gover nment had suppressed the Klan, but it revived several times in later history.Fran klin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat gover nor of New York state, he was elected preside nt in 1932.2. With in the historic “ Hun dred Days ” , he laun ched the New Deal program to dealwith the Depressi on3. He expla ined his politics to the public in a series Depressi on, many America ns con sidered him as one of themost respected preside nts in America n history.The Social Security Act1. As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.2. It established contributory old- age and survivors pen sions and a joint federal-state program of un employment in sura nee.Social ProblemI choose the correct answer1. Who is responsible for the War on Poverty?A Nixon BJohnson C Kennedy D Michael Harrington2. Which of the following is not drug?AMafia B Heroin C LSD D Cocaine3. Which of the following publishes the Uniform CrimeReports?A the CIAB The Law Enforcement AssistanceAdministration.C_The FBI D The Supreme Court4. Those arrested for crimes are disproportionately likelyto be three of the following except __________ .A a city residentB youngC a member of a racial majorityD male5. Drug abuse is a social problem because of the following dysfunctions except that ________ .A it is strongly associated with crimeB it is blamed for half of the annual total of road traffic fatalitiesC drug dependence takes a significant toll on personal health and safety D_the profits of organized crime associated with drug arean economic cost to society.II Fill in the blanks〔.Poverty reemerged as a social program in the 1960s andwas perceived as a condition that represented a glaring gap between American ideals and American reality. _______________2」n 1960s, two American Presidents, President Kennedy and President Johnson, tried to solve the problem of poverty.3. Name two of the programs that were associated with the War on Poverty: VISTA and Job Corps .4. Much of medifraud takes place in Medicaid mills. ___5. Name two kinds of outlawed drugs: heroin and LSD. __6. Drug abuse has become the most challenging social problem in the US.7. The large corporations maintain professional lobbyistsin Washington to further their own interests.III True or False1. (T) The earliest two medical insurance programs areBlue Cross and Blue Shield.2. (F) Former President Carter said that crime is America ' snumber one enemy .3. (T)The medical bills associated with serious illnessaccount for half of the bankruptcies in the United States each year .4. (T)The American crime statistic often overlook the white-collar .5. (F) Non-profit is the primary goal of Americanhealth-care system.IV answer the questions:Medicare and Medicaid:1. In 1965 Congress passed legislation creating two newhealth insurance programs —medicare and Medicaid.2. they are designed to make medical care more freely availablerespectively to the people over the age of sixty-five and the people with very low income.3. however, these programs have become a major cause of runaway costsin the medical system because the levelof fees is set by hospitals and doctors, at the federaland state governments.4. the programs also lead to rampant medifraud.Chapter 2 America n HistoryII Questions and Answers on the T ext1. Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mari ner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2. When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3. Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestow n, Virginia, in 1607.4. How did the early coloni sts in Virginia man age to earn mon ey?They discovered a way to earn money by grow ing tobacco.5. Who established several settlements in New England?En glish Purita ns.6. When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7. How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirtee n8. In col on ial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9. How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Con ti nen tal Con gress1. After the first shot of the American War of independence wasfired at Lexington on April 19,1775, the Second ContinentalCon gress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2. It began to assume the functions of a national government. It foun ded aContinen tal Army and Navy un der the comma nd of George Washington, and began to print paper money and ope ned diplomatic relatio ns with foreig n powers. It adopted onJuly 4, 1776 the Declaration of Independence which was drafted by ThomasJeffers on.The Bill of Rights1. In order to in sure in dividual liberties, ten ame ndme nts The billof Rights were added to the Con stituti on in 17912. It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech,the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegalhouse searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protecti onaga inst “ cruel and unu sual puni shme nts ”The Eman cipati on Proclamatio n1. After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamati on onJanu ary1, 1863 to win more support at homeand abroad.2. It gra nted freedom to all slaves in areas still con trolled by theCon federacy.Rec on structio n1. After the Civil War , the US Congress put forward the program of Recon struction, or reform, of the Southern states.2. The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3. It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified inall souther n states and all federal troops were withdraw n from the south.The Ku Klux Kia n1. After the Civil War , some southern whites formed the Ku KluxKia n.2. It was a vioient secret society that hoped to protect whitein terests and adva ntages by terroriz ing blacks and preve nti ngthem from maki ng social adva nces.3. By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, butit revived several times in later history.Fra nkli n D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was electedpreside nt in 1932.2. Within the historic “ Hundred Days ” , he launched the New Dealprogram to deal with the Depressi on3. He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression,many America ns con sidered him as one of the most respected preside nts in America n history.The Social Security Act1. As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act waspassed in 1935.2. It established contributory old- age and survivors ' pensions anda joi nt federal-state program of un employme nt in sura nee.US Government and PolitiesI Fill in the bla nks. 4. The US Con gress can removea Preside nt by a special ki nd of political trial called impeachme nt 5. In 1971, a con stituti onal ame ndme nt set the minimum voti ng age at 186. The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.7. Congress can override a presidential veto, but to do so, 2/3 of each chamber must vote in favor of the bill.II Choose the most appropriate an swer to each questi on or stateme nt.1. How many terms was Fran kli n Roosevelt elected for?A oneB TwoC Three DFour2. How many seats does the House of Represe ntatives have?A 635 B_100 C 435 D 3453. Who was the first US Preside nt resig ned from office?A An drew Joh nson B_ Richard Nixo n C Gerald Ford D Jimmy Carter5. The removal of Justices can only be done through ______ .A the Preside ntB the Con gress C_impeachme nt D the Supreme Court6. what is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court? A. Veto B. Overrid ing a veto C. Impeachme nt D. Judicial review.7. There are curre ntly ___ Supreme Court justices on the ben ch. A. 7 B. 9 C. 11 D. 138. The role of the America n preside nt in cludes the followi ng EXCEPT __A. comma nd the armed forcesB. n egotiate and sig n treatiesC. pass lawsD. appo int certa in pers onnel9. Each members of Con gress is elected by the people of his or her state. The House ofReprese ntatives, with membership based on state populati ons, has ___ seats. A. 435 B. 100 C. 50 D. 20010. _____ w on the preside ncy four times but died shortly into his last term.A. George Wash ingtonB. Thomas Jeffers onC. Abraham Lin coln D_Fra nkli n Rooselvt 1. for both Houses are held in November each 2. The state executive power is give n to thepower is give n to the Preside nt 3. The executive , the legislature theFederal gover nment.The US preside ntial electio n is held in November each leap year, while electi ons even-nu mbered year. gover nor while the federal executive and the judicial are three bran ches ofIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T)The supreme law in the US is the Con stituti on2. (F) The constitutional amendment in 1933 outlawed alcoholic liquor, but anotherame ndme nt allowed it aga in in 1919.3. (F) The Supreme Court is composed of eight Justices who are appo in ted for life by thePreside nt with the consent of the Sen ate .4. (T) The basic system of law in US courts has bee n developed from the En glish Com mon Law.5. (F) Most of the bills in troduced to Con gress can even tually become law .6. (F) For the US, one of the basic prin ciples is socialist democracyV Questi ons for short an swers1. The duty of gover nors1 to carry out the laws made by the legislative assembly2 to do those things that are n ecessary for the con duct of gover nment not n ecessarily based on specific legal powers2. Federalism1. the state give up their rights to con duct separate relatio ns with each other and withthe outside world, but each state kept the basic powers of government for itself within its own territory .the federal gover nment should have only the powers which are n ecessary for providi ng for the matters which are n ecessary for providi ng for the matters which are of com mon in terest to them all.VII Questi ons for discussi onCompared to other types of political systems, what can we lear n from America n desig n of gover nment? Please list two sets of merits and demerits of America n gover nment.US Entertainment——MusicPART I Choose the correct an swer.1. __ in ated in the 1940s of the Un ited States, beg inning to be pop inthe early 1950s and quickly beco ming popular in the world.A rockB country musicC musicalD pop music2. People called ______ as “ the king of rock musicA Michael Jacks on B. Elvis Aaro n Presley C Joh n Dennver D. George Strait3. Country music is rooted in the 1920s from the traditional in tegrated except with . ___ A. Gospel music B. Celtic music C. classical music D. In dia n music4. Michael Jacks on is the sec ond Elvis Presley, known as the . ____ A. Ki ng of Jazz B. King of Rock C. King of Pop D. King of Hip-hop5. Musical text by the follow ing several parts compositi on except . _____ A. Lyrics B. Score C. Singers D. book/script6. Who had won four trophies at the 2010 Grammy Awards? A Taylor Swift B. Just in Bieber C. Beyo nee D. Adele7. Typical Africa n America n musical styles in clude the follow ing except A. Jazz B. rock and roll C. hip hop D. folk music —8. Jazz ' s roots is believed to come from _______________ A. New Orlea ns B. Chicago C. Hust on D. San Fran cisco9. In the ____ , jazz became a major part of America n music A. 1920s B. 1930s C. 1980s D. 1960s 10. Country music bands of the early twentieth century primarily consisted of the followi ng in strume nts EXCEPT . _______ A. the fiddle B guitar C banjo D. pia no ______ 11. Hip-hop music bega n in _____ in the 1970s. A. New York City B. Appalachia n Mou ntai n C. California D. Nashville _ 12. ___ was a comb in ati on of jazz and other “ racefolk music, music with the lyrcontent and format of the blues.A. Rhythm&BluesB. Rock and rollC. Cou ntry musicD. FunkPART II Fill in the blanks1. Rock and roll developed out of coun try, blues, and R&B. _____2. Today subject of country music is “ the good old days . ”3. Rhvthm and Blues is the full translation of “ R&B ” , it still transition between Bruce and soul music.4. The Grammy Awards are prese nted annu ally by the Nati onal Academy of _________________Recording Arts and Sciences of the Unit ed States for outstandi ng achieveme ntsin the music in dustry.5. The typical represe ntative figure Cohe n said "Broadway musical father" ______________6. Musical orig in can be traced back to the 19th cen tury Operetta, Comedy and __________black play.III True or False Stateme nt1. (F) Common in strume nts used in country music are trumpet, pia no, andsaxophone.2. (T) Rock ' s meaning is to criticized the social problems bravely and let out tothe disc ontent of reality.3. (T) The typical represe ntative figure Cohe n said "Broadway musical father".4. (T) The Broadway musical can point in the Broadway musical stage area, refers to all the approximate Broadway musical style。
英美国家社会文化 期末题目及要求 2014
南昌大学2014～2015学年第一学期期末考试试卷（概况）姓名：学号：学院：Choose to answer two of the following questions in English based on what you have learned from the course with about 150 words for each question.（Back side can be used）1. How did Britain fall from the Sun rising country to a second developed country in the world?(E.g. when, why, how, who… )2. My understanding of American “Melting Pot”(e.g. its origin, features, significance…) and “Salad Bowl”.3. Compare briefly the impacts of the World War 1 and World War 2 on the UK and the USA.说明：选择三个中的两题，英文作答，可以正反面纸张写，页面四边留出1.5厘米左右空隙。
1.请用A4 大小的纸张，以免试卷丢失。
2. 不能抄袭他人的，雷同卷会给零分。
3. 所选做的题目要抄题号和题目再作答。
4. 需要英文手抄的，不要打印。
以上中文要求不要抄在卷子上。
2 My understanding of American “Melting Pot”(e.g. its origin, features, significance…) and “Salad Bowl”.The melting pot is a metaphor used to describe the fusion of different nationlities,ethnicities and cultures,which was equated with Americanization. Maybe it was the idealized process of immigration and colonization.The United States population is a “melting pot”for it is made up of people from many ethnic and cultural backgrounds.However melting pot means in a way immigrants from around the world in the United States no longer has its own traditions and cultural identity, they are mixed up to one kind culture-- American culture,which like different metals smelting together to form a new composite metal. It seems that melting pot is a little bit out of fashion . Throughout the United States different immigrant cultures remain everywhere, many have retained their original traditions and even not fit into mainstream American society and culture.There is no typical American. Originating from a multitude of ethnic backgrounds, Americans come in all shapes, sizes, colors, and ages. They practise a rainbow of religions and have a variety of political beliefs.The populations are growing more diverse all the time. This broad mix of races and heritages makes a wonderful blend of energy, talent, and creativity. For good reason, the country's motto is E pluribus unum: From many to one.now SALAD BOWL is generally used to describe American culture.In the salad bowl model,various American cultures are juxtaposed,just like salad ingredients.Immigrant populations within the United States are not being blended together in one "pot", but rather they are transforming American Society into a truly multicultural mosaic.This idea proposes a society of many individual cultures in addition to the mixed culture that is modern American culture ,and the term has become more politically correct than melting pot英国曾经是叱咤风云的大国，是第一个工业化国家，引领了世界工业革命的浪潮，其辉煌达两个世纪之久。
美国社会与文化复习题
US Overall View of AmericaI Fill in the blanks.1.Since the time of independence o f the United States, 48 continentalstates were added.2.Two states are separated f rom the continental US, that is Hawaii in the PacificOcean and Alaska to the northwest of Canada.3.In the US, there are 4 time zones form the east to west.4. “WASP” stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant5. Among the Great Lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one entirely in the UnitedStates.6. Washington, D.C is named after George Washington and Christopher Columbus.7. The country is situated mostly in central North America , withCanada_ to the north and Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and Atlantic Ocean to the east.8. The federal district of USA is Washington, D.C. and the largest city is NewYork City.9. Appalachian Mountains are in the eastern part and the Rocky Mountains are inthe western part.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the US?A.35B. 48C. 13D.502.Which of the following was the last continental state added to the Union?A.KentuckyB.ArizonaC.PennsylvaniaD.Alaska3.Which of the following description of uniformity of American culture is not true?A.People in general share the same ideas, ideals and objectivesB.There is no real regional or class variety in speech of usage of English.C.There is not much really distinctive regional architecture or cookery.D.Generally speaking people have the same ethnic background.4. Which states are geographically separated from the American continent?A Hawaii and Alaska.B Hawaii and ArizonaC Arizona and AlaskaD Alaska and New York5. The biggest city in the US is ______ .A. Los AngelsB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco6. Which two lakes consist of Niagara Falls?A. Lakes Superior and MichiganB. Michigan and HuronC. Huron and ErieD. Erie and Ontario7. What are the five famous symbols of American culture?A. Barbie Doll, American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue ofLibertyB. Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty, Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, American GothicC. American Gothic, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, Coca-cola, The Statue ofLibertyD. Coca-cola, Barbie Doll, Buffalo Nickel, Uncle Sam, The Statue of Liberty8. What are the national rose and tree of US?A. rose and palmB. rose and oakC. tulip and oakD. tulip and palmIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) Hawaii became the 50th states of the United States in the 1948.2. (F) The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Hispanics.3. (F) The Grand Canyon is located in the state of Colorado.4. (T) The first thirteen states of the United States mainly located along the eastern seaboard5. (T) Arizona was the last continental state which joined the Union in the 1912.6. (T) Hollywood located in Los Angels.1. Find the nicknames of the following States in the USA.Arkansas: Land of OpportunityCalifornia: Golden StateColorado: Centennial StateFlorida: Sunshine StateHawaii: Aloha StateAlaska: Land of Midnight Sun; the Last Frontier；Peninsula StateMassachusetts: Old Colony State；Bay StateV Explain each item in your own words1. diversity of the peopleIt refers to the different origins of the immigrants (different ethnic backgrounds) and the differences between the first generation of immigrants and long-established Americans.2. Manhattan IslandIt is south-east part of New York City.It is the center of the City and includes things that are famous to the world: Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, the United Nations Building, Central Park, Harlem and so onVI Questions for short answers1. Which was the “mother country”？The UK was considered as the mother country of the original thirteen colonies in North America.2. Why does Manhattan Island include everything that most people think of when they say “New York”？Because f amous places like Wall Street, Fifth Avenue, Broadway, the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Centre, Central Park, Harlem and so on are on this island.Chapter 2 American History 2014II Questions and Answers on the Text1.Who was Christopher Columbus?He was a mariner from Italy who voyaged to North America.2.When did Columbus set sail?In 1492.3.Where and when was the first English colony founded?At Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607.4.How did the early colonists in Virginia manage to earn money?They discovered a way to earn money by growing tobacco.5.Who established several settlements in New England?English Puritans.6.When did the Pilgrims cross the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower?In 1620.7.How many colonies had English settlers occupied by 1733?Thirteen8.In colonial time, which act ruled that special tax stamps to be attached to all newspapers?The stamp Act9.How did a group of patriots in 1773The Second Continental Congress1.After the first shot of the American War of independence was fired at Lexington on April19,1775, the Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia in May 1775.2.It began to assume the functions of a national government. It founded a Continental Armyand Navy under the command of George Washington, and began to print paper money and opened diplomatic relations with foreign powers. It adopted on July 4, 1776 the Declarationof Independence which was drafted by Thomas Jefferson.The Bill of Rights1.In order to insure individual liberties, ten amendments—the bill of Rights were added to theConstitution in 17912.It guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizens to bear arms,protection against illegal house searches, the right to a fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments”The Emancipation Proclamation1.After the Civil War began, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January1, 1863to win more support at home and abroad.2.It granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.Reconstruction1.After the Civil War, the US Congress put forward the program of Reconstruction, or reform, ofthe Southern states.2.The program was bitterly opposed by most Southern whites3.It ended in 1877, when new constitutions had been ratified in all southern states and allfederal troops were withdrawn from the south.The Ku Klux Klan1.After the Civil War, some southern whites formed the Ku Klux Klan.2.It was a violent secret society that hoped to protect white interests and advantages byterrorizing blacks and preventing them from making social advances.3.By 1872, the federal government had suppressed the Klan, but it revived several times in laterhistory.Franklin D. Roosevelt1. A former Democrat governor of New York state, he was elected president in 1932.2.Within the historic “Hundred Days”, he launched the New Deal program to deal with theDepression3.He explained his politics to the public in a series Depression, many Americans considered himas one of the most respected presidents in American history.The Social Security Act1.As part of the New Deal program, the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.-state program 2.It established contributory old-age and survivors’ pensions and a joint federalof unemployment insurance.American HolidayI choose the correct answer.1. Thanksgiving Day dates back to 1621, the year after ____ arrived in Massachusetts.A. the BritishB. the DutchC. The CatholicsD. the Puritans2. The egg and the bunny are symbols for _____ .A. Christmas DayB. Valentine’s DayC. Easter SundayD. Halloween3. _____ is a religious holiday in the US.A. New Year’s DayB. Martin Luther King’s DayC. Valentine’s DayD. Easter Sunday4. Halloween is on ______.A. the last Friday of OctoberB. the last Sunday of OctoberC. October 30D. October 315. America’s Independence Day is on _____ .A June 4B. June 14C July 4D. July 146. Costumes and masks are worn by American people on ______ .A. New Year’s DayB. ChristmasC. Memorial DayD. HalloweenII Find the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Valentine's Day: a festival of romance and affection by exchanging tokens of loveSt. Patrick's Day : Be sure to wear greenEaster: In Christian countries it is celebrated as a religious holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus Christ,April Fools' Day: Play a clever (but harmless) trick or tell a joke to someone with a good sense of humorMothers' Day: carnationColumbus Day: It commemorates the discovery of America by Christopher ColumbusHalloween: “Trick or treat” Thanksgiving Day: turkey Christmas: Santa Claus and his reindeersII Definition:Thanksgiving Day:It is the fourth Thursday in November, celebrates the first harvest of the Pilgrims after they survived their first winter in the new world. The theme has always been peace and plenty.Independence Day:On July 4th, celebrates the birthday of the U.S. with the signing of the Declaration of Independence.Thanksgiving Day:The fourth Thursday in November, Celebrating a Harvest of tradition. The theme has always beenpeace and plenty.Christmas:December25 ,a joyful religious holiday when Christians celebrate the birth of Jesus ChristSanta Claus: -in folklore, a fat, bearded old man in a red suit who lives at the North Pole and brings children presents at Christmas;III True or False1. (F) Americans observe the Labor Day on the same day as the Chinese.2. (F) On New Years Eve, Americans usually stay at home and enjoy a family reunion.IV Answer the following question1.What is the origin of Thanksgiving Day?US EducationI Fill in the blanks.cation in the United States is provided mainly by government, with control and fundingcoming from three levels: federal, state, and local.4. American educational system gives it students three kind of courses. They are generaleducation courses, required courses and elective .5. Most American attend twelve years of primary and secondary school , with a secondaryschool diploma or certificate, a student can enter college or university.6. Study at college or university leading to the Bachelor’s Degree is known as undergraduateeducation. Study beyond the Bachelor’s Degree is known as graduate school or postgraduate education .7. Historically, higher education in the US was the way for an individual to enter a profession .II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.The first American leader who suggested creating a system of free schools for all persons thatwould be publicly supported through taxes wasA.George WashingtonB.Thomas JeffersonC.John AdamsD.James Madison2.The national system of formal education in the United States differs from education systemsof other Western counties in _____ .cational institutions are primarily governed by federal ones.B.American education put emphasis on high educationC.People who receive formal education constitute relatively small percentageD.The United States has no national system or national curriculum3.All of the following is true about American education EXCEPT ______ .A.Most Children begin elementary education with kindergarten and finish secondary educationwith twelfth gradeB.Unlike most other industrialized countries, the US does not have a centralized educationalsystem on the national scale.C.Junior high school usually includes grades six and eight.D.Schooling is compulsory for all children in the US, and the age for which school attendanceis required is the same in all states.4.Which of the following is true about the difference between private and public schools?A.Private schools are schools that are provided by federal funding while public schools areprovided by state funding.B.Attending public school is compulsory while attending private school is of personal choice.C.Attending private school demands families pay tuition while public schools are free.D.Only public school could lead to the undergraduate education.5.Elementary and secondary education in the US covers _____ years.A.9B.11C.12D.146.Higher education in the US began with founding of _____ in 1636.A.Harvard UniversityB.Harvard CollegeC.William and Mary CollegeD.Stanford University7.Which of the following is unlikely to provide graduated studies?A. A state universityB.An institute of technologyC. A professional schoolD. A technical institute8.Students who want to study laws in the US must first obtain a _____ .A.high school diplomadegreeB.bachelor’ｓC.coeducationalD.publicly supported by taxesIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1.(T) In the colonial period, instruction of religion was common in both schools and collegesin America, and education was still a luxury instead of priority.2.(F) School curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are all set by the federalgovernment.3.(T) Higher education in the US has now become a right rather than privilege.4.(T) The ideal of equality of opportunity is fully realized in education in the US.5.(T) American schools stress cultivating students’independent thinking rather than thememorization of facts.6.(T) Special professions such as medicine, law, or public school administration in the USrequire graduate degrees.7.(F) American public schools are supported by taxes and controlled by the federalgovernment.8.(T)The philosophy of pragmatism is a guiding principle of the American education practice.V Explain each item in your own wordsIvy League including 8 universities, namely Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, Yale UniversityCommunity college: community college offers a variety of certificates and two-year associate degree programs. Community colleges are public institutions supported in large part by government funding and taxes.VI Questions for short answers1. What will entitle American students to get the acceptance of college and university1) the conditions of application for a college education:2) student’s high school records3) recommendation from their high school teachers4) the impression they make during interview at the university5) their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs)2. Name the three principal functions of the system of higher education in the US.They are teaching, research and public service.VII Questions for discussion1. What characteristics of the higher education in America impress you most?2. How are the American values of freedom and democracy reflected in its education system?US Government and PoliticsI Fill in the blanks.1. The US presidential election is held in November each leap year, while elections for both Houses are held in November each even-numbered year.2. The state executive power is given to the governor while the federal executive power isgiven to the President3. The executive , the legislature and the judicial are three branches of the Federal government.4. The US Congress can remove a President by a special kind of political trial calledimpeachment5.In 1971, a constitutional amendment set the minimum voting age at 186.The __13th____ Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.7.Congress can override a presidential veto, but to do so, 2/3 of each chamber mustvote in favor of the bill.II Choose the most appropriate answer to each question or statement.1.How many terms was Franklin Roosevelt elected for?A oneB TwoC ThreeD Four2.How many seats does the House of Representatives have?A 635B 100C 435D 3453.Who was the first US President resigned from office?A Andrew JohnsonB Richard NixonC Gerald FordD Jimmy Carter5.The removal of Justices can only be done through .A the PresidentB the CongressC impeachmentD the Supreme Court6. what is the most important weapon in the hand of Supreme Court?A. vetoB. Overriding a vetoC. ImpeachmentD. Judicial review.7. There are currently _____ Supreme Court justices on the bench.A. 7B. 9C. 11D. 138. The role of the American president includes the following EXCEPT _____A. command the armed forcesB. negotiate and sign treatiesC. pass lawsD. appoint certain personnel9. Each members of Congress is elected by the people of his or her state. The House of Representatives, with membership based on state populations, has _____ seats.A. 435B. 100C. 50D. 20010. ______ won the presidency four times but died shortly into his last term.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Abraham LincolnD. Franklin RooselvtIII Judge whether each statement is true(T) or false(F).1. (T) The supreme law in the US is the Constitution2. (F) The constitutional amendment in 1933 outlawed alcoholic liquor, but another amendment allowed it again in 1919.3.(F) The Supreme Court is composed of eight Justices who are appointed for life by the President with the consent of the Senate.4. (T) The basic system of law in US courts has been developed from the English Common Law.5. (F) Most of the bills introduced to Congress can eventually become law.6. (F) For the US, one of the basic principles is socialist democracyV Questions for short answers1. The duty of governors1 to carry out the laws made by the legislative assembly2 to do those things that are necessary for the conduct of government not necessarily based on specific legal powers2.The characteristic of the US Constitution1)Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution established a stronger federalgovernment. It provided for a Supreme Court and lesser federal courts, and it gave executive power to an elected president.2)The Constitution established the principle of a “balance of power”to be maintainedamong the three balances of government—the executive, the legislative and judicial.3)To prevent a powerful central government trampling on the liberties of the people, theBill of Rights were added to the Constitution in 1791.4)Thus the Constitution and the Bill of Rights struck a balance between two aspects ofAmerican politics—the need for a strong, efficient central authority and the need to ensure individual liberties.VII Questions for discussionCompared to other types of political systems, what can we learn from American design of government? Please list two sets of merits and demerits of American government.US Entertainment---MusicPART I Choose the correct answer.1. originated in the 1940s of the United States, beginning to be pop in the early 1950s and quickly becoming popular in the world.A rockB country musicC musicalD pop music2. People called as “the king of rock music”.A Michael JacksonB. Elvis Aaron PresleyC John DennverD. George Strait3. Country music is rooted in the 1920s from the traditional folk music, integrated except with .A. Gospel musicB. Celtic musicC. classical musicD. Indian music4. Michael Jackson is the second Elvis Presley, known as the .A. King of JazzB. King of RockC. King of PopD. King of Hip-hop5. Musical text by the following several parts composition except .A. lyricsB. scoreC. singersD. book/script6. Who had won four trophies at the 2010 Grammy Awards?A. Taylor SwiftB. Justin BieberC. beyonceD. Adele7. Typical African American musical styles include the following exceptA. jazzB. rock and rollC. hip hopD. folk music8. Jazz’s roots is believed to come fromA. New OrleansB. ChicagoC. HustonD. San Francisco9. In the _____, jazz became a major part of American musicA. 1920sB. 1930sC. 1980sD. 1960s10. Country music bands of the early twentieth century primarily consisted of the following instruments EXCEPT .A. the fiddleB guitarC banjoD. piano11. country music began in ______ in the 1970s.A. New York CityB. Appalachian MountainC. CaliforniaD. NashvillePART II Fill in the blanks1. Rock and roll developed out of country, blues, and R&B.2.Today subject of country music is “the good old days ”.3.Rhythm and Blues is the full translation of “R&B”, it still transition between Bruce and soul music.4.The Grammy Awards are presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States for outstanding achievements in the music industry.III True or False Statement1. (F) Common instruments used in country music are trumpet, piano, and saxophone.2.(T) Rock’s meaning is to criticized the social problems bravely and let out to the discontent of reality.3..(T) The Broadway musical can point in the Broadway musical stage area, refers to all the approximate Broadway musical style4. (T ) Rock’n’roll is not only a form of music but also a lifestyle.5. (T ) Country music was originally played and listened to by American farmers.IV Find the exact signals or descriptions of each holidays respectively.Armstrong JazzLinkin Park RockTaylor Swift country musicJay Z Hip-hopCats OperaAmerican FamilyI. Fill in the blanks1. According to the U.S. government, a family is those people who live with others to whom theyare related by blood, marriage, or adoption.2, Average American family size is 3.2 people3. The nuclear family consists of a husband, wife and their children, living in a house or apartment.4. As breadwinner, man is responsible for financial support of the home and family members.—take care of 5. Millions of middle-aged Americans—members of the “sandwich generation”both their children and parents.6. Glorification of youth and indifference to the aged have left many older people alienated and alone.7. Today, more than 54% of American women work8. American children have been expected to “leave the nest” at about age _18 _, after they graduate from high school.Definition1. FamilyAccording to the U.S. government, a family is those people who live with others to whom they are related by blood, marriage, or adoption.2. The extended familyConsist of the immediate family, and other relatives connected by blood or marriage such as Grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, nieces, and in-laws.V. Explanation1. List the family types of America1) The nuclear family2) The extended family3) One-parent/ single-parent family4) Blended family5) Homosexual/ gay/ lesbian family6) Dink family2. The role of man and woman in a familyMan: “breadwinner”—responsible for financial support of the home and family members. Woman: housewife—responsible for emotional support, child raising, and housekeeping. Changes: working mothers, househusbandsComposition1.What do you think are the distinct differences between Western and Chinese families?2.What challenges are single-parent families facing up with?。
《英美社会与文化》期末考试
《英美社会与文化（1）》期末考试
一、考察内容
能力测试+课本文化知识+课外阅读材料（课本出题的章节和范围包括：英美历史、政治、经济、教育、娱乐（包括传媒、节日）。
二、考试题型
1. Reading Comprehension阅读4篇，20个题目，每题1.5分，共30分。
前2篇，为大家发的资料里面的阅读材料。
每篇5个问题。
形式为：判断对错，或者排序，或者选择（考试题目出题教师可以自行编写）。
后2篇，课外水平测试，难度为雅思或托福或考研阅读。
四选一。
2. Cloze（课外，6级以上难度）
完形填空1篇，20个题目，每个0.5分，共10分。
3. 文化知识填空（根据课本课后题改编），共10分。
10个题目（每个题目含有1或2个问题，但不超过2个，问题如果是2个（每个0.5分）。
（比如，美国的两大主要政党________and________.），每题1分。
4. 判断对错（课本课后题）20个题目，每个0.5分，共10分。
5. 选择（课本课后题）20个题，每个0.5分，共10分。
6. 简答（课本课后题） 5个题，每个4分，共20分。
7. 写作（雅思大作文或托福作文）1个，共10分。
1。
(完整版)美国社会与文化课后练习题
“美国社会与文化”课后练习题I. 单选1.Which of the following statement is CORRECT about the geographic location ofthe United States of America?A.South of North America, southern temperate zone;B.South of North America, northern temperate zone;C.North of North America, northern temperate zone;D.North of South America, southern temperate zone.2.The boundary line between America and Mexico, starts from the mouth of the RioGrande River and finally ends at the ___________ seashore.A. AtlanticB. PacificC. IndianD. Oceanic3. _________, known as the Eastern Coastal Plain, is a wide strip between the Atlantic and the Appalachians.A. Mexico seacoastB. Caribbean seacoastC. Bering seacoastD. Atlantic seacoast4. Rocky Mountains stretch all the way from ________ to _________.A. Mexico, the ArcticB. Mexico, the AtlanticC. Alaska, the AtlanticD. Alaska, Mexico5．The Yellow Stone National Park is located in __________.A. the Grand CanyonB. the Rocky MountainsC. the Death ValleyD. the Willamette Valley6.According to functionalist perspective, which one is not mentioned as the functionof education?A.Providing custodial careB.Promoting national unityC.Reducing unemploymentD.Teaching knowledge and skills7.“Head Start” movement was conducted to __________.A.Give every child equal opportunity to receive education.B.Bring those who were at disadvantage to have equal opportunity to receiveeducation.C.Initiate an optional course in school.D.Improve the academic performance of students.8.Regarding the education reforms, _________.A.New paradigm supporters are confident in markets.B.Systemic reformers believe in consumers.C.The new paradigm and the old one are totally different.D.Both the reforms reached good result.9.Which of the following is related closely to religion?A.public schoolsB.Private schoolsmunity schoolsD.Parochial schools10.For the schools at local level, _____________.A.the central government assigns the president.B.V oted governing board is responsible for the governance of the local school.C.The education quality is not very high-standard.D.Teachers are less-paid than the state-run schools.11.The sources of American Folk Music are _________.A.the British Isles and AfricaB.the British Isles and AsiaC.European countriesD.All of the above12.American Folk Music represents ________.A.the American IndiansB.the tribal music of primitive peoplesC.American cultureD.The western American lives13.The foremost form of Anglo-Celtic folk music is ________.A.church musicB.BalladryC.Tribal musicD.Harmonic music14.Bob Dylan is ____________.A.American folk singer folksinger, banjo playerC.American singer and composerD.American folksinger and song writer15.A disc jockey is supposed to ___________.A.Design the programs for radio stations.B.Mix different kinds of music togetheranize the dancing tuneD.Blend only certain types of music together to create new ones.16.Donkey stands for________.A. Democratic PartyB. Republican PartyC. Labor PartyD. Federalist Party17. The president of the United States must be at least ________.A. 40 years oldB. 35 years oldC. 45 years oldD. 37 years old18. Which of the following is not considered as the cornerstone of traditionalAmerican belief?A. Individual FreedomB. Equality of OpportunityC. Material WealthD. Racial Diversity19. _____ is responsible for the relation of the United States with foreign countries.A. congressB. presidentC. ambassadorD. chief judge20. The president can veto any bills passed by congress, unless ______ in each housevote to override the veto.A. 2/3B. 3/4C. 4/5D. 1/221.Juvenile Crime, in law, term denoting various offenses committed by children oryouths under the age of _______.A. 16B. 14C. 18D. 2022.Which country remains the only Western democracy that imposed the deathpenalty on some of those convicted of murder?_______A. CanadaB. the United StatesC. EnglandD. Germany23.The largest and best organized association standing for firearm users in Americastates, “ Guns don’t kill people, people kill people”, which is _________.A. NRAB. Gun ClubC. WHOD. ARA24.Series of studies clearly show that ______ and violence are interrelated.A. RaceB. SexC. AgeD. Drugs25.The unlawful killing of a human being by a person who had an intent to kill is thedefinition of the crime of ______.A. MurderB. ManslaughterC. AssaultD. Battery26.What is the scientific definition of family given by sociologists?A.We are born into a family, mature in a family, form new families, and leavethem at our death. Family life is a universal human experience.B.The family is a fundamental God given institution built into the very natureof the universe.C.The family is an arbitrary cultural structure. It is a group of people heldtogether by bonds of love and affection.D.The family is a group of people who are related to one another by bonds ofblood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit,and bear and raise children.27.What is the basis for traditional family structure?A.Extended familyB.Nuclear familyC.KinshipD.Immediate family28.What are the diverse patterns of contemporary families?A.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent Households, Stepfamilies, Gay and LesbianMarriagesB.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Two-Parent and One-Parent HouseholdsC.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Dual-Earner Marriages,Stepfamilies, Gay and Lesbian MarriagesD.Singlehood, Postponing Marriage, Cohabitation, Two-Parent and One-ParentHouseholds, Gay and Lesbian Marriages29. What are the major family problems?i.Divorceii.Remarriageiii.Violenceiv.Work and Family InequalityA. (1) (2) (3)B. (1) (3) (4)C. (1) (2) (4)D. (1) (2) (3) (4)30. What are the causes for an aging American society?(1) A continued low fertility rate(2)Ever-greater life expectancy rate due to advances in medicine(3)The baby boom generation reaching old age.(4)Improved social services and more favorable public policiesA. (1) (2) (4)B. (1) (2)(3)C. (1)(2)(3)(4)D. (2)(3)(4)31.There occurred three times of immigration waves since 1620. The third wave tookplace ___________, and the number of immigrants rose to 23,500,000, most of whom came from such South-eastern European countries as Italy and Russia.A. between 1820 and 1850B. between 1851 and 1870C. between 1871 and 1920D. between 1881 and 192032.In 1886, _________ gave the United States the Statue of Liberty as a gesture offriendship, and since then the Statue, which is standing on an island near Ellis Island, has become a symbol of hope, lighting the way for new arrivals.A.FranceB. BritainC.GermanyD. Spain33.In recent decades, some important legislative documents have remapped the orderof American immigration policies. Among them, ___________ gave the priority to the applicants for family reunification, and since then the number of Asian immigrants has increased rapidly.A. the Immigration Act of 1965B. the Illegal Immigration ActC. the USA Patriot Act of 2001D. the Exclusion Act of 188234.Americans make active use of their legal system and take great pride in being alitigious people. The underlined part means that ___________.A.Americans are fully aware of their legal rightsB.Americans are protective towards their legal rightsC.Americans are jealous of others’ legal rightsD.Americans are fond of taking matters to a court of law35.Like al other judges, ___________ are appointed by the president with theapproval and consent of the senate.A. the district judges B the Attorney GeneralC. Chief of JusticeD. justice of the peace36.The most important element in US economy against inflation was____________.A. the federal Reserve BoardB. the International Monetary FundC. the World BankD. big corporations37.The following are the strengths of the US economy except __________.A. the highest standard of livingB. the lowest unemployment rateC. low rate of savingsD. high productivity of US industries38.Which of the following is not included as essential elements in Americaneconomic system?A. Productivity.B. Income equality.C. Creativity.D. Stability.39．Which combination is right?A.Passing of the Social Security Act---- post-1960B.President Nixon---- the Great SocietyC.President Carter---- the Great SocietyD.President Reagan---- the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act40．Which of the following is not the major role that the US media is playing?A. WatchdogB. Speech RectifierC. SignalerD. Common CarrierII．名词解释1）Gold Rush2) Martin Luther King Jr.3) The New Deal4) The Great Depression5) Laissez-Faire6) Affirmative Action Program7) The Baby Boom8) The Great Society9) Racism10) Ku Klux Klan11) Original Sin (Inherent Sinfulness)12) Welfare State13) Westward Expansion14) WASP15) Rating Code16) McCarthyism17) American Dream18) the Iron Curtain19) the Marshall Plan20) Watergate Scandal21) extended family22) nuclear family23) Hispanic Americans24) Manifest Destiny25) Separation of PowersIII. Essay Questions1) How would you describe the relationship between President and Congress in theUnited States?2) Do you think economic affluence will inevitably lead to consumerism andexcessive individualism? Why or why not?3) What are the major American values? What are the changes in the American values?What are the factors that contribute to these changes?4) What is the origin of the myth of Asian Superiority? Why do you think the myth ofAsian Superiority is harmful?5) What are some of the characteristics of American education? How do Americansview the role of education in American society and in their individual life?6) America is widely accepted as the engine of the world economy. In what way doyou think the American economy has influenced and will influence the world?7) Immigration takes place with, at least, two forces at work, namely the pull forceand the push force. Pick any one ethnic group in the United States as an example and illustrate its experience in the “pull and push” framework.8) Throughout the U.S. history, the two major parties, the Republican and theDemocratic, have been holding powers alternatively in the country. What key functions have they played in American politics? Why is it that minor parties in the U.S. have never been able to challenge the two-party system in the power struggle of American politics?9) The death penalty and gun control have been issues of bitter controversy in nationaland state politics of the United States. Discuss the reasons why Americans are so divided over these two issues, and explain how values and principles clash with each other in these two controversial issues.10) Sports, particularly football, have traditionally played a significant role inAmerican colleges and universities. What are their social, cultural, and economic implications for universities and students?Basic American values:Individual freedom --- the freedom of individuals to fulfill their own individual needsand do as they wishSelf-reliance --- being able to take care of themselves and not depend on others for supportEquality of opportunity --- having an equal chance to succeed, regardless of whethersex, race, or ageCompetition --- having to compete with others for success, rather than expecting to be given something for freeMaterial wealth --- viewing possessions as the mark of having status in the societyand as the natural reward for hard workHard work --- the belief that everyone should work hard, sometimes for very long hours, to be successful。
(完整word版)《美国社会与文化》期末试卷
《美国社会与文化》期末考试姓名：专业：学号：I．翻译（20%）1.The process of learning the rules about how to behave is called socialization and it lasts for all of our lives.2. Federalism(联邦制) is a system in which the power to govern is shared between federal government and provincial/state governments.3. According to his principle of the social contract, Locke argued that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience.4. The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States in which freedom includes a promise of the possibility of prosperity and success.II. 简答题（45%）（每道题250字以上）1.简述美国高等教育的特点。
2.作为移民社会，美国有时被称为“大熔炉（Melting Pot）”，有时又被称为“沙拉碗（SaladBowl）”。
请谈谈你的看法。
3.简述美国政教分离原则。
III．论述题（35%）（二选一；800字以上）4.比较美国梦与中国梦的异同Or 5.美国的行政权、立法权、司法权之间如何相互制衡。
(完整word版)美国社会与文化
一．Listening Comprehension （1*10=10）【1个对话，2篇段落】二．Multiple choice （1*20=20）【单元测试中1-8单元的选择题】三．Term Explanation （5*4=20）1.Blended Family 7Blended family is one type of the American family stuctures.This is a family chooses in which two persons remarry . These two persons both once got divorced ,but have children. In the new family ,they make both groups of children live together.2.The Great Depression 2During most of the 1920s,the Unite States enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity.①The boom was fueled by an inflated stock market, which later led to a crash on October 29, 1929.②This, along with many other economic factors, triggered a world-wide depression known as the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment increased from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manufacturing output collapsed by one-third.3.Mother’s Day 4①The modern Mother's Day as celebrated in the US holiday as a day to honor mothers and motherhood; especially within the context of families, and family relationships.②It is now celebrated on various days in many parts of the world. The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May.③The holiday was created by Anna Jarvis in Grafton, West Virginia, in 1908 as a day to honor one's mother.4.The lvy league 5①The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising 8 private institutions of higher education such as Harvard University , Yale University and so on in the Northeastern United States.②In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide.5.Affirmative Action 7①Affirmative action is a policy or program intended to promote access to education or employment for minority groups and women.②Motivation for affirmative action policies is to redress the effects of past discrimination and to encourage public institutions such as universities, hospitals, and police forces to be more representative of the population.6.The Bill of Rights 3①The Constitution has twenty-seven amendments. The first ten, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified simultaneously by 1791. The following seventeen were ratified separately over the next two centuries.②They were introduced by Jame Madison and Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of the bill of rights.③For example , First Amendment–freedom of speech, of the press, Freedom of Religion, and of assembly; right to petition..Third Amendment–Protection from quartering of troops.7.April Fool’s Day 4①April Fool’s Day is a day celebrated in many countries on April 1.②The day is marked by the commission of hoaxes and other practical jokes of varying sophistication on friends，family members，enemies，and neighbors.③April Fool's Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own brand of humor at the expense of their friends and families.8.SAT 5①Scholastic Assessment Test and Scholastic Aptitude Test②The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college.③Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests, (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter.④Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from three 800-point sections . Including math critical reading and writing .四．True or False （1*10=10）【教学课件中的内容】五．Questions （10*2=20）1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of jury system(陪审团制度) in the Judicial System（司法系统）of the United States？3 Advantages：Firstly, it is formed by ordinary people who have different kinds of jobs. Secondly , it is democratic . Thirdly , it help to enhance the credibility of the trial（提高审判公信力. Fourthly , it has law-making function（造法功能）. The last , it also has educational function（教育功能）Disadvantages:Firstly,most members of the jury do not have the legal expertise(缺乏法律专业知识). What’s more, if the Government cannot protect the jury well , the situation that the jury is being bought off or being threatened will be frequently happen. This will enable the upper social strata to have a good umbrella.(如果政府对陪审团保护不利的情况下，很容易发生陪审团被买通被威胁的事件，这样使社会上层人士有个很好的保护伞。
美国社会与文化复习题答案
美国社会与文化复习题答案一、选择题1. 美国的首都是哪里？A. 纽约B. 洛杉矶C. 华盛顿特区D. 芝加哥答案：C2. 美国的国庆日是哪一天？A. 1月1日B. 7月4日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：B3. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A4. 美国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：C5. 美国的国花是什么？A. 玫瑰B. 郁金香C. 菊花D. 玫瑰答案：D二、填空题6. 美国的地理特征包括____、____和____。
答案：山脉、平原、沙漠7. 美国的人口主要由____、____和____组成。
答案：白人、黑人、拉丁裔8. 美国的两大政党是____和____。
答案：民主党、共和党9. 美国的著名文化象征包括____、____和____。
答案：自由女神像、好莱坞、麦当劳10. 美国的高等教育体系中，____和____是两种主要的学位类型。
答案：学士、硕士三、简答题11. 简述美国的多元文化特点。
答案：美国的多元文化特点体现在其人口的多样性上，包括不同种族、宗教和语言的融合。
美国是一个移民国家，吸引了来自世界各地的人们，形成了一个多元化的社会结构。
这种多元文化不仅体现在日常生活的方方面面，也反映在艺术、音乐、食物和节日庆典中。
12. 描述美国独立战争的背景和结果。
答案：美国独立战争（1775-1783年）是美国13个殖民地反抗英国统治的战争。
背景是英国对殖民地的经济压迫和政治控制，导致殖民地人民的不满。
结果是美国赢得了独立，建立了一个新的国家，即美利坚合众国。
四、论述题13. 论述美国梦的概念及其对美国社会的影响。
答案：美国梦是一个深植于美国文化中的概念，指的是通过努力工作和决心，每个人都有机会实现个人的成功和幸福。
这个概念强调了机会均等和个人主义的价值观。
美国梦对美国社会产生了深远的影响，激励了无数人追求更好的生活，促进了创新和创业精神。
北京外国语大学美国社会文化与研究试卷
北京外国语大学美国社会文化与研究试卷19981．Why was the formulation and the passage of the Bill or Rights taken up as the first thing when Congress met after the ratification of the Constitution?2．What was judicial review? Who initiated this practice under what circumstance? 3．What are the serious consequences of the Vietnam War for the United States? 4．In the late 19th century, there was a strong and widespread anti-Chinese movement in the United States. What were the causes of this anti-Chinese movement? What role did the Chinese play in the development of the United States?5．What is Nixon Doctrine? What is the background for the doctrine?6．What were the three essential tools of the frontiersmen when they were moving w est? Please explain why?7．What do the values of individualism, freedom, and democracy mean to Americans?8．Why do you think the Americans are often called the hyphenated Americans?1999Answer the following questions briefly and to the point1.What was Reagan’s policy towards the Soviet Uni on in his first term? What measures did he take?2.What was the Supreme Court decision on “Brown v. Board of Education ofTopeka”? What is the significance of the decision?3.Why did the Roosevelt Administration initiate the “Good Neighbor Policy” towards Latin America in the 1930s? What was the major content of the pol icy?4.What are the major elements in the Great Society as proposed by President Johnson?5.What is the cultural implication of “Manifest Destiny”?6.What is the significance of Andrew Jackson being elected as President ofthe United States?7.What is the “Protestant ethic”? How did it influence the emergence of capitalism?8.Why do you think it took the Americans so long to accept the fact that there are classes in the U.S.?20001.What was the nature of the conflict between Jefferson and Hamilton?2.Why did Wilson take the United States into the First World War?3.Under what circumstances was the Lend-Lease designed? For what purpose?4.What is the cause of the Red Scare? What did the American governmentdo in this period?5.Who initiated the Great Society? What is the goal and content of the GreatSociety? Is the Great Society a success?6.What is mean t by the “Irangate” scandal?7.What is the “American Dream”?8.Why do you think the American frontier has been particularly important inshaping American values?20011. Why did the founding fathers introduce checks and balances into the pol itical system?How do checks and balances work?2. What are the political principles embodied in the Declaration of Indepen dence?3. Why did President Lincoln issue Emancipation Proclamation? What was its impact on the course of the Civil War?4. What were the features of American economic development at the turn of the 20th century?5. Some people say that Japan attacked Pearl Harbor because it was pus hed to the corner by the policy of the Roosevelt Administration. What is your c omment on this argument?6. What is the philosophy underlying American education? What are the fo ur characteristics of American public schools?7. What was the cause and consequence of the Spanish-American War?8. How serious is the drug problem in the United States? Why has the pro blem become so serious?2002.1. Who was Tom Paine? What role did he play in the War of Independence?2. What is federalism? Why was it introduced into the Constitution? How does the Constitution ensure the practice of federalism?3. What was the cause of the Montgomery bus boycott? How did the boycott end? What is the consequence of the boycott?4. What is the meaning of white-collar crime? Why are many of these crimes unre ported? Does this show anything about the general attitude towards white-collar crime s?5. What are the major criticisms of the American system of justice?6. What is the content of the Compromise of 1850 over slavery? What role did this Compromise play?7. What were the events leading to the declaration of the Monroe Doctrine? What is the content of the Doctrine? What is the significance of the Doctrine?8. What are some of the major religious bodies and their characteristics in the Unit ed States?20031. What are the powers delegated to the Federal and state governments respectivel y?2. What was the economic policy of the Reagan Administration? What was the co nsequence of such a policy? (Use your knowledge from the reader and the American h istory)3. What are the contents of the Eisenhower Doctrine, the Nixon Doctrine and the Carter Doctrine?4. What are the major types of interest groups in the United States? Give examples.5. What is affirmative action? How was it introduced? What has it achieved? Why did it encounter strong opposition in the 1980s and 1990s?6. What are the Water-gate scandal and the Iran-gate Scandal about? What are the impacts of the two sandals?7. What is gender inequality? How is it reflected in education, employment and po litics? Is gender inequality also reflected in daily social life? If so, please give exampl es to illustrate your point.8. When did the Red Scare and McCarthyism take place in the United States? Wh y did they take place at that time? What are they about respectively? Do they have any impact on American politics?。
美国社会与文化期末考试及答案
Name: Student No.: Class:I.Brief-answer questions （本题满分35分）Passage OneEvery year, one American family in five moves to a new home. Most of these new homes are in the Sunbelt States, a nickname for the warm, sunny states of the South and Southwest. The Sun Belt has seen substantial population growth in recent decades, partly fueled by a surge in retiring baby boomers who migrate domestically, as well as the influx of immigrants, both legal and illegal. People are also moving because jobs and industries have shifted from Frostbelt to the Sunbelt. Known for its cold, frost-producing winters and heavy snowfall, the Frost Belt is generally considered to include the Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes Region and much of the Upper Midwest. For many years, the Frost Belt was the center of American economic activity, and the most populous part of the United States. However, in the past several decades, the Frost Belt had already been experiencing a stagnating population. For instance, the following states experienced the least population growth during the 1990s: District of Columbia (-5.7%), North Dakota (0.5%), West Virginia (0.8%), Pennsylvania (3.4%) and Connecticut (3.6%).This Frostbelt-Sunbelt Shift is also a shift from the previously economically and politically important Northeast to the South and West. Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as T exas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.The economic emergence of the Sun Belt also had political ramifications. Since 1970, the Sun Belt has gained 25 electoral votes, which were shifted mainly from Northern and Midwestern states. In the next two decades, it is predicted some states will record stunning gains: Florida (+9 House seats), Texas (+8), and Arizona (+5), and the big losers are New York (-6), Ohio (-4), Pennsylvania (-4), and Illinois (-3). So the House and Electoral Vote gains and losses from region to region over the next few decades will be eye-catching, even spectacular and these figures will have enormous consequences for the economies of the various regions.1、According to the above passage, please draw rough borderlines on the U.S. map belowmarking the regions covered by Frostbelt and Sunbelt respectively. (本小题4分)2、Please categorize the following cities into Frostbelt cities (FC) and Sunbelt cities (SC).(本小题6分)Milwaukee __FC____ Austin ___SC____ Las Vegas ___SC_____Chicago ___FC____ Phoenix ___SC____ Buffalo ___FC______Houston ___SC____ Dallas __SC______ Cincinnati ___FC______ Kansas City __FC______ San Diego _____SC______ San Jose ___SC______3、Please list major factors which contribute to the rapid development of Sunbelt regions according to the above passage. (本小题4分)答：Warmer climate, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed for the southern third of the U.S.A. to grow by leaps and bounds economically. The climate stimulates not only agricultural growth but was also a haven for many retirees who set up retirement communities in places such as Florida and Arizona. Industries such as aerospace, defense and oil boomed in the Sun Belt. The oil industry helped propel many southern states such as Texas and Louisiana forward and tourism exploded in Florida and southern California.4、How do you understand the bolded phrase “House seats”? Which House does the “House” in this passage specifically refer to? And why does the population growth or decline have an impact on the number of Seats? (本小题6分)答：Refers to the seats in the house of Representatives。
美国社会与文化中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年
美国社会与文化中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.From the 1600s to the birth of the United States in 1776, the majority ofthe immigrants were from______.答案:England2.Zangwill first used the term ________ to describe the United States.答案:melting pot3.Which is the largest state of the United States?答案:Alaska4.Christopher Columbus mistakenly thought he had arrived in答案:India5.What does equality mean in the American context?答案:Everyone should have an equal chance to succeed.6._________serves as the legal basis of political system of America.答案:The Constitution7.Two parties of the US alternate in governing. The two main partiesare_________.答案:the Democratic Party and the Republican Party8.The focal point of American political life is the presidential election. Wh ich of the statements is false about the presidential election?答案:The president technically is directly elected by the people.9.Business culture reflects the typical American character and values.Among them, ________is seen not only as a value itself, it is also the means by which other basic American values are protected.答案:competition10.One aspect of the American dream is to rise from poverty to modest wealthto great wealth. In the United States, this has usually been accomplished__________.答案:through successful business careers11.According to Harry Triandis, culture can be divided into答案:Material cultureSubjective culture12.The national government is divided into three separate branches. Theyare _______,________and________.答案:the legislative branchthe executive branchthe judicial branch13.which of the statements are the evidences of American materialism?答案:Americans will buy more new things driven by the pursuit of comfort, cl eanliness and novelty.Americans may use credit card to buy things that they can't afford at present.14.The Democratic Party recognizes the important role of government inpromoting social equality, while the Republican Party stresses anti-government and pro-business ideals. Therefore, ________tend to vote for Democrats.答案:nonwhite minoritieswomen15.What are the two key words about American business?答案:privateprofit16.Americans compare business competition to a race, which is open to allAmericans regardless of _______ .答案:ethnicityfamilyeducationsocial classWhat efforts have Americans made to safeguard equality in American p eople's lives?答案:Americans usually follow the rule of "one person, one vote".Americans usually pay attention to any other person's opinion.Americans try to make good rules that allow everyone chances to win.18.Anyone who doesnot compete successfully can't fit into the mainstream of American life.答案:正确19.Most Americans believe that business comes closer than otherinstitutions to encouraging competition and other basic values in daily practice.答案:正确20.In business, Americans would rather build a relationship first than signa deal with you.答案: 错误。
完整word版美国社会与文化
一．Listening Comprehension （1*10=10）【1个对话，2篇段落】二．Multiple choice （1*20=20）【单元测试中1-8单元的选择题】三．Term Explanation （5*4=20）1.Blended Family 7Blended family is one type of the American family stuctures.This is a family chooses in which two persons remarry . These two persons both once got divorced ,but have children. In the new family ,they make both groups of children live together.2.The Great Depression 2During most of the 1920s,the Unite States enjoyed a period of unbalanced prosperity.①The boom was fueled by an inflated stock market, which later led to a crash on October 29, 1929.②This, along with many other economic factors, triggered a world-wide depression known as the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment increased from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manufacturing output collapsed by one-third.3.Mother's Day 4①The modern Mother's Day as celebrated in the US holiday as a day to honor mothers and motherhood; especially within the context of families, and family relationships.②It is now celebrated on various days in many parts of the world. The United States celebrates Mother's Day on the second Sunday in May.③The holiday was created by Anna Jarvis in Grafton, West Virginia, in 1908 as a day to honor one's mother.4.The lvy league 5①The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising 8 private institutions of higher education such as Harvard University , Yale University and so on in the Northeastern United States.②In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide.75.Affirmative Action is a policy or program intended to promote access to education Affirmative action①or employment for minority groups and women.past of redress the effects affirmative action policies is to ②Motivation for discrimination and to encourage public institutions such as universities, hospitals, and police forces to be more representative of the population.36.The Bill of RightsThe Constitution has twenty-seven amendments. The first ten, collectively known ①, were ratified simultaneously by 1791. The following seventeen Bill of Rights as the were ratified separately over the next two centuries.They were introduced by Jame Madison and Thomas Jefferson was a supporter of ②the bill of rights.of press, Freedom of freedom of speech, the ③For example , First Amendment–from Protection Third Amendment–Religion, and of assembly; right to petition.. quartering of troops.7.April Fool's Day 4①April Fool's Day is a day celebrated in many countries on April 1.②The day is marked by the commission of hoaxes and other practical jokes of varying sophistication on friends，family members，enemies，and neighbors.③April Fool's Day thus developed into an international fun fest, so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own brand of humor at the expense of their friends and families.8.SAT 5①Scholastic Assessment Test and Scholastic Aptitude Test②The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college.③Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests, (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter.④Possible scores range from 600 to 2400, combining test results from threewriting .critical reading and 800-point sections . Including math四．True or False （1*10=10）【教学课件中的内容】五．Questions （10*2=20）1.What are the advantages and disadvantages of jury system(陪审团制度) in the Judicial System（司法系统） of the United States？3Advantages：Firstly, it is formed by ordinary people who have different kinds of jobs. Secondly , it is democratic . Thirdly , it help to enhance the credibility of the trial（提高审判公信力. Fourthly , it has law-making function（造法功能）. The last , it also has educational function（教育功能）Disadvantages:Firstly,most members of the jury do not have the legal expertise(缺乏法律专业知识). What's more, if the Government cannot protect the jury well , the situation that thejury is being bought off or being threatened will be frequently happen. This will enable the upper social strata to have a good umbrella.(如果政府对陪审团保护不利的情况下，很容易发生陪审团被买通被威胁的事件，这样使社会上层人士有个很好的保护伞。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
《美国社会与文化》期末考试
姓名：专业：学号：
I．翻译（20%）
1.The process of learning the rules about how to behave is called socialization and it lasts for all of our lives.
2. Federalism(联邦制) is a system in which the power to govern is shared between federal government and provincial/state governments.
3. According to his principle of the social contract, Locke argued that the government lacked authority in the realm of individual conscience.
4. The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States in which freedom includes a promise of the possibility of prosperity and success.
II. 简答题（45%）（每道题250字以上）
1.简述美国高等教育的特点。
2.作为移民社会，美国有时被称为“大熔炉（Melting Pot）”，有时又被称为“沙拉碗（Salad
Bowl）”。
请谈谈你的看法。
3.简述美国政教分离原则。
III．论述题（35%）（二选一；800字以上）
4.比较美国梦与中国梦的异同
Or 5.美国的行政权、立法权、司法权之间如何相互制衡。